Nicaraguan Fungi: a Checklist of Hyphomycetes
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Monocyclic Components for Evaluating Disease Resistance to Cercospora Arachidicola and Cercosporidium Personatum in Peanut
Monocyclic Components for Evaluating Disease Resistance to Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum in Peanut by Limin Gong A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Auburn, Alabama August 6, 2016 Keywords: monocyclic components, disease resistance Copyright 2016 by Limin Gong Approved by Kira L. Bowen, Chair, Professor of Entomology and Plant Pathology Charles Y. Chen, Associate Professor of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences John F. Murphy, Professor of Entomology and Plant Pathology Jeffrey J. Coleman, Assisstant Professor of Entomology and Plant Pathology ABSTRACT Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an economically important crop that is produced in the United States and throughout the world. However, there are two major fungal pathogens of cultivated peanuts, and they each contribute to substantial yield losses of 50% or greater. The pathogens of these diseases are Cercospora arachidicola which causes early leaf spot (ELS), and Cercosporidium personatum which causes late leaf spot (LLS). While fungicide treatments are fairly effective for leaf spot management, disease resistance is still the best strategy. Therefore, it is important to evaluate and compare different genotypes for their disease resistance levels. The overall goal of this study was to determine resistance levels of different peanut genotypes to ELS and LLS. The peanut genotypes (Chit P7, C1001, Exp27-1516, Flavor Runner 458, PI 268868, and GA-12Y) used in this study include two genetically modified lines (Chit P7 and C1001) that over-expresses a chitinase gene. This overall goal was addressed with three specific objectives: 1) determine suitable conditions for pathogen culture and spore production in vitro; 2) determine suitable conditions for establishing infection in the greenhouse; 3) compare ELS and LLS disease reactions of young plants to those of older plants. -
New Powdery Mildew on Tomatoes
NEW POWDERY MILDEW ON TOMATOES Heather Scheck, Plant Pathologist Ag Commissioner’s Office, Santa Barbara County POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Powdery mildew fungi are obligate, biotrophic parasites of the phylum Ascomycota of the Kingdom Fungi. The diseases they cause are common, widespread, and easily recognizable Individual species of powdery mildew fungi typically have a narrow host range, but the ones that infect Tomato are exceptionally large. Photo from APS Net POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Unlike most fungal pathogens, powdery mildew fungi tend to grow superficially, or epiphytically, on plant surfaces. During the growing season, hyphae and spores are produced in large colonies that can coalesce Infections can also occur on stems, flowers, or fruit (but not tomato fruit) Our climate allows easy overwintering of inoculum and perfect summer temperatures for epidemics POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Specialized absorption cells, termed haustoria, extend into the plant epidermal cells to obtain nutrition. Powdery mildew fungi can completely cover the exterior of the plant surfaces (leaves, stems, fruit) POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Conidia (asexual spores) are also produced on plant surfaces during the growing season. The conidia develop either singly or in chains on specialized hyphae called conidiophores. Conidiophores arise from the epiphytic hyphae. This is the Anamorph. Courtesy J. Schlesselman POWDERY MILDEW BIOLOGY Some powdery mildew fungi produce sexual spores, known as ascospores, in a sac-like ascus, enclosed in a fruiting body called a chasmothecium (old name cleistothecium). This is the Teleomorph Chasmothecia are generally spherical with no natural opening; asci with ascospores are released when a crack develops in the wall of the fruiting body. -
Vol1art2.Pdf
VOLUME 1 JUNE 2018 Fungal Systematics and Evolution PAGES 13–22 doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2018.01.02 Epitypification and re-description of the zombie-ant fungus, Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) H.C. Evans1,2*, J.P.M. Araújo3, V.R. Halfeld4, D.P. Hughes3 1CAB International, UK Centre, Egham, Surrey, UK 2Departamentos de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil 3Departments of Entomology and Biology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA 4Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil *Corresponding author: [email protected] Key words: Abstract: The type of Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) is based on an Atlantic rainforest immature specimen collected on an ant in Brazil. The host was identified initially as a leaf-cutting ant (Atta cephalotes, Camponotus sericeiventris Attini, Myrmicinae). However, a critical examination of the original illustration reveals that the host is the golden carpenter ants carpenter ant, Camponotus sericeiventris (Camponotini, Formicinae). Because the holotype is no longer extant and epitype the original diagnosis lacks critical taxonomic information – specifically, on ascus and ascospore morphology – a new Ophiocordyceps type from Minas Gerais State of south-east Brazil is designated herein. A re-description of the fungus is provided and phylogeny a new phylogenetic tree of the O. unilateralis clade is presented. It is predicted that many more species of zombie- ant fungi remain to be delimited within the O. unilateralis complex worldwide, on ants of the tribe Camponotini. Published online: 15 December 2017. Editor-in-Chief INTRODUCTIONProf. dr P.W. Crous, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. -
ISOLAMENTO E CRESCIMENTO DE Asperisporium Caricae E SUA RELAÇÃO FILOGENÉTICA COM Mycosphaerellaceae
LARISSA GOMES DA SILVA ISOLAMENTO E CRESCIMENTO DE Asperisporium caricae E SUA RELAÇÃO FILOGENÉTICA COM Mycosphaerellaceae Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Fitopatologia, para obtenção do título de Magister Scientiae. VIÇOSA MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL 2010 LARISSA GOMES DA SILVA ISOLAMENTO E CRESCIMENTO DE Asperisporium caricae E SUA RELAÇÃO FILOGENÉTICA COM Mycosphaerellaceae Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Fitopatologia, para obtenção do título de Magister Scientiae. APROVADA: 23 de fevereiro de 2010. ________________________________ ___________________________ Profº. Eduardo Seiti Gomide Mizubuti Pesq. Harold Charles Evans (Co-orientador) ________________________________ ________________________________ Pesq. Trazilbo José de Paula Júnior Pesq. Robson José do Nascimento _______________________________ Profº. Olinto Liparini Pereira (Orientador) À toda a minha família, sobretudo aos meus pais, Gilberto e Márcia, pelo apoio incondicional, e Aos meu irmãos, Thami e Julian, pelo carinho e incentivo, e também ao meu namorado Caio pelo estímulo e carinhosa cumplicidade DEDICO ii AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço primeiramente a Deus pela orientação divina e por me proporcionar força nos momentos de desestímulo e solução nas horas aflitas. À minha família pelo amor, companheirismo, pelos ensinamentos sábios e pela presença e incentivos constantes, principalmente aos meus pais e irmãos por sempre estarem prontos a me ouvir e vibrarem com as minhas conquistas. Ao meu namorado Caio, pelo eterno carinho, cumplicidade, apoio e por sempre ter uma palavra de conforto nos momentos mais difíceis, me incentivando para seguir em frente. Ao Profº Olinto Liparini Pereira pela paciência, dedicação, entusiasmo, companheirismo, incentivo, e principalmente confiança para a execução deste trabalho. -
Hyphomycetes from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Including Three New Species
Fungal Diversity Hyphomycetes from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, including three new species Huzefa A. Raja1, Alberto M. Stchigel2, Andrew N. Miller3*, J. L. Crane3, 1 and Carol A. Shearer 1Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. 2Unitat de Microbiologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain. 3Section for Biodiversity, Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois 61820-6970, USA. Raja, H.A., Stchigel, A.M., Miller, A.N., Crane, J.L. and Shearer, C.A. (2007). Hyphomycetes from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, including three new species. Fungal Diversity 26: 271-286. As part of the All Taxa Biotic Inventory currently being conducted in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, samples of woody debris in freshwater and terrestrial habitats as well as leaves and soil organic matter in terrestrial habitats were collected and studied to detect the presence of hyphomycetes. Sixty hyphomycetes are reported here, and three new species are described and illustrated. Eleven species are new records for the USA, and fifteen species are new records for the park. Key words: anamorph, fresh water, mitosporic, systematics, wood Introduction An All Taxa Biotic Inventory (ATBI) is currently underway in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), USA. In conjunction with a non- profit organization, Discover Life In America (DLIA), the aim of the ATBI is to inventory all life forms in the park. Goals of the ATBI are to determine: 1) what species exist in the park; 2) where the species occur in the park; and, 3) the roles species play in the park ecosystems (Sharkey, 2001). -
Leveillula Lactucae-Serriolaeon Lactucaserriola in Jordan
Phytopathologia Mediterranea Firenze University Press The international journal of the www.fupress.com/pm Mediterranean Phytopathological Union New or Unusual Disease Reports Leveillula lactucae-serriolae on Lactuca serriola in Jordan Citation: Lebeda A., Kitner M., Mieslerová B., Křístková E., Pavlíček T. (2019) Leveillula lactucae-serriolae on Lactuca serriola in Jordan. Phytopatho- Aleš LEBEDA1,*, Miloslav KITNER1, Barbora MIESLEROVÁ1, Eva logia Mediterranea 58(2): 359-367. doi: KŘÍSTKOVÁ1, Tomáš PAVLÍČEK2 10.14601/Phytopathol_Mediter-10622 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů Accepted: February 7, 2019 27, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic 2 Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel Published: September 14, 2019 Corresponding author: [email protected] Copyright: © 2019 Lebeda A., Kit- ner M., Mieslerová B., Křístková E., Pavlíček T.. This is an open access, Summary. Jordan contributes significantly to the Near East plant biodiversity with peer-reviewed article published by numerous primitive forms and species of crops and their wild relatives. Prickly lettuce Firenze University Press (http://www. (Lactuca serriola) is a common species in Jordan, where it grows in various habitats. fupress.com/pm) and distributed During a survey of wild Lactuca distribution in Jordan in August 2007, plants of L. under the terms of the Creative Com- serriola with natural infections of powdery mildew were observed at a site near Sho- mons Attribution License, which per- bak (Ma’an Governorate). Lactuca serriola leaf samples with powdery mildew infec- mits unrestricted use, distribution, and tions were collected from two plants and the pathogen was analyzed morphologically. reproduction in any medium, provided Characteristics of the asexual and sexual forms were obtained. -
Status of Black Spot of Papaya (Asperisporium Caricae): a New Emerging Disease
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(11): 309-314 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 11 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Review Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.711.038 Status of Black Spot of Papaya (Asperisporium caricae): A New Emerging Disease Shantamma*, S.G. Mantur, S.C. Chandrashekar, K.T. Rangaswamy and Bheemanagouda Patil Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560065, Karnataka, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT K e yw or ds Papaya is attacked by several diseases like, anthracnose, powdery mildew, black spot, brown spot and papaya ring spot. Among the emerging diseases in papaya, black spot Papaya (Carica papaya L.), Asperisporium disease caused by Asperisporium caricae is most lethal. Both leaves and fruit of papaya caricae can be affected by the black leaf spot caused by Asperisporium caricae. The fruits were Article Info affected on the surface, reducing the fresh-market value. This disease can affect papaya plants at any stage of their growth. Periods of wet weather may increase the development Accepted: of the disease. The use of fungicides is the most appropriate management option. This 04 October 2018 disease has been reported from different parts of the country and is found to be serious in Available Online: recent years. 10 November 2018 Introduction Distribution Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an important Asperisporium caricae is responsible for an fruit crop, belongs to family Caricaceae. important leaf and fruit spot disease of Carica Carica is the largest of the four genera with papaya (papaw or papaya) (Stevens 1939) 48 species, among which Carica papaya L. -
Maximiliano Agustín Huerta Cabrera
UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA AGRARIA ANTONIO NARRO DIVISIÓN DE AGRONOMÍA DEPARTAMENTO DE PARASITOLOGÍA Aislamiento e Identificación de Hongos Secundarios al Ácaro (Acolups lycopersici) en Tomate Por: MAXIMILIANO AGUSTÍN HUERTA CABRERA TESIS Presentada como requisito parcial para obtener el título de: INGENIERO AGRÓNOMO PARASITÓLOGO Saltillo, Coahuila, México Octubre de 2017 AGRADECIMIENTOS A DIOS Por concederme lo más maravilloso de la vida, la de MIS PADRES Y MI FAMILIA. Por tender tu mano a ayudar a levantarme, para seguir adelante y obtener un triunfo más, en esta vida; porque tu señor siempre has estado en los momentos más difíciles de mi vida y nunca me abandonas, gracias DIOS MIO, por tus bendiciones SEÑOR. A MI “ALMA TERRA MATER” Por abrigarme en su seno a partir desde el primer día que ingrese hasta el final de mi carrera; por permitir superarme, así como enseñarme a trabajar, lo más hermoso que alimenta a nuestro pueblo mexicano “el campo” , además de obtener la herramienta necesaria para aprovechar al máximo sus frutos. MIS ASESORES Mi más sincero agradecimiento al Dr. Ernesto Cerna Chávez. Por aceptarme como su tesista. A la Dra. Mariana Beltrán Beache por su valioso apoyo como coasesora, y por sus consejos y dedicación que me brindo durante la realización del presente, y así culminar exitosamente mi tesis profesional. Al Dr. Juan Carlos Delgado Ortiz por su valioso tiempo que me brindo apoyándome con el experimento. A la Dra. Yisa María Ochoa Fuentes por su gran apoyo durante toda la carrera como mi tutora, por su gran apoyo y sus -
University of California Santa Cruz Responding to An
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ RESPONDING TO AN EMERGENT PLANT PEST-PATHOGEN COMPLEX ACROSS SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SCALES A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES with an emphasis in ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY by Shannon Colleen Lynch December 2020 The Dissertation of Shannon Colleen Lynch is approved: Professor Gregory S. Gilbert, chair Professor Stacy M. Philpott Professor Andrew Szasz Professor Ingrid M. Parker Quentin Williams Acting Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Copyright © by Shannon Colleen Lynch 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables iv List of Figures vii Abstract x Dedication xiii Acknowledgements xiv Chapter 1 – Introduction 1 References 10 Chapter 2 – Host Evolutionary Relationships Explain 12 Tree Mortality Caused by a Generalist Pest– Pathogen Complex References 38 Chapter 3 – Microbiome Variation Across a 66 Phylogeographic Range of Tree Hosts Affected by an Emergent Pest–Pathogen Complex References 110 Chapter 4 – On Collaborative Governance: Building Consensus on 180 Priorities to Manage Invasive Species Through Collective Action References 243 iii LIST OF TABLES Chapter 2 Table I Insect vectors and corresponding fungal pathogens causing 47 Fusarium dieback on tree hosts in California, Israel, and South Africa. Table II Phylogenetic signal for each host type measured by D statistic. 48 Table SI Native range and infested distribution of tree and shrub FD- 49 ISHB host species. Chapter 3 Table I Study site attributes. 124 Table II Mean and median richness of microbiota in wood samples 128 collected from FD-ISHB host trees. Table III Fungal endophyte-Fusarium in vitro interaction outcomes. -
Analysis of the Emerging Situation of Resistance to Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors in Pyrenophora Teres and Zymoseptoria Tritici in Europe
Universität Hohenheim Institut für Phytomedizin Fachgebiet Phytopathologie Prof. Dr. Ralf T. Vögele Analysis of the emerging situation of resistance to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors in Pyrenophora teres and Zymoseptoria tritici in Europe Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Agrarwissenschaften vorgelegt der Fakultät Agrarwissenschaften von Dipl. Agr. Biol. Alexandra Rehfus aus Leonberg 2018 Diese Arbeit wurde unterstützt und finanziert durch die BASF SE, Unternehmensbereich Pflanzenschutz, Forschung Fungizide, Limburgerhof. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde am 15.05.2017 von der Fakultät Agrarwissenschaften der Universität Hohenheim als „Erlangung des Doktorgrades an der agrarwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Hohenheim in Stuttgart“ angenommen. Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 14.11.2017 1. Dekan: Prof. Dr. R. T. Vögele Berichterstatter, 1. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. R. T. Vögele Mitberichterstatter, 2. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. O. Spring 3. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. Dr. C. P. W. Zebitz Leiter des Kolloquiums: Prof. Dr. J. Wünsche Table of contents III Table of contents Table of contents ................................................................................................. III Abbreviations ..................................................................................................... VII Figures ................................................................................................................. IX Tables ................................................................................................................. -
Expression Analysis of the Expanded Cercosporin Gene Cluster In
EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE EXPANDED CERCOSPORIN GENE CLUSTER IN CERCOSPORA BETICOLA A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science By Karina Anne Stott In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major Department: Plant Pathology May 2018 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School Title Expression Analysis of the Expanded Cercosporin Gene Cluster in Cercospora beticola By Karina Anne Stott The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: Dr. Gary Secor Chair Dr. Melvin Bolton Dr. Zhaohui Liu Dr. Stuart Haring Approved: 5-18-18 Dr. Jack Rasmussen Date Department Chair ABSTRACT Cercospora leaf spot is an economically devastating disease of sugar beet caused by the fungus Cercospora beticola. It has been demonstrated recently that the C. beticola CTB cluster is larger than previously recognized and includes novel genes involved in cercosporin biosynthesis and a partial duplication of the CTB cluster. Several genes in the C. nicotianae CTB cluster are known to be regulated by ‘feedback’ transcriptional inhibition. Expression analysis was conducted in wild type (WT) and CTB mutant backgrounds to determine if feedback inhibition occurs in C. beticola. My research showed that the transcription factor CTB8 which regulates the CTB cluster expression in C. nicotianae also regulates gene expression in the C. beticola CTB cluster. Expression analysis has shown that feedback inhibition occurs within some of the expanded CTB cluster genes. -
Characterization of Alternaria Alternata Isolates Causing Brown Spot of Potatoes in South Africa
Characterization of Alternaria alternata isolates causing brown spot of potatoes in South Africa By Joel Prince Dube Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Science (Agriculture) Plant Pathology In the faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology University of Pretoria Pretoria February 2014 © University of Pretoria DECLARATION I, Joel Prince Dube, declare that the thesis, which I hereby submit for the degree Master of Science (Agriculture) Plant Pathology at the University of Pretoria, is my own work and has not been previously submitted by me for a degree at this or any other tertiary institution. Signed: ___________________________ Date: ____________________________ i © University of Pretoria Acknowledgements I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks the contributions of the following: 1. First and foremost, the Almighty God by whose grace I am where I am today. I owe everything to him. 2. My supervisors, Prof. Jacquie van der Waals and Dr. Mariette Truter, for their unwavering support and guidance throughout my Masters journey. 3. Pathology programme @ UP for the opportunity and funding for my studies. 4. Syngenta for funding one of my chapters. 5. Charles Wairuri, Nelisiwe Khumalo, Alain Misse for their help with all my molecular work. 6. Colleagues in greenhouse for all their help, suggestions and contributions throughout my studies. 7. My family and friends for their financial, spiritual and moral support, it is greatly appreciated. ii © University of Pretoria Characterization of Alternaria alternata isolates causing brown spot of potatoes in South Africa By Joel Prince Dube Supervisor : Prof. J.