sign in sign up
<<
Home , Chirixalus, Dicroglossidae, Ingerophrynus, Kurixalus, Leptobrachella, Microhyla

Herpetology Notes, volume 14: 317-324 (2021) (published online on 09 February 2021)

New records of from Quang Nam Province, central

Dzung Trung Le1,*, Linh Phuong Nguyen2, Cuong The Pham3, Truong Quang Nguyen3,4, Tien Quang Phan3, Phuong Huy Dang3, and Thomas Ziegler5

Abstract. We report four new records of frogs from Quang Nam Province, including two microhylid ( mukhlesuri, inornata) and two rhacophorid (Gracixalus ananjevae, orlovi). In addition, we provide an updated list of 49 species from Quang Nam Province. The anuran fauna in this province contains a number of species of conservation concern, including three species listed in the Vietnam Red Data Book, five species listed in theIUCN Red List, and ten species endemic to Vietnam.

Keywords. Frogs, distribution, new records, Quang Nam Province

Introduction examination revealed four frog species that had not yet been recorded for Quang Nam Province. We herein Recent herpetological studies have underscored provide an updated list of 49 species of frogs with two the special role of geographic location in promoting new records of and two new records of speciation of frogs in central Vietnam. Many new from this province. species and new country records have recently been discovered in this region, including Gracixalus lumarius, G. trieng, Leptobrachella applebyi, L. firthi, Materials and Methods L. rowleyae, kiziriani, and A 21-day field survey was carried out by C.T. Pham, quyeti (Nguyen et al., 2008; Rowley and Cao, 2009; T.Q. Phan, and T.Q. Nguyen (hereafter Pham et al.) from Rowley et al., 2012, 2014, 2020; Nguyen et al., 2018; 20 February–11 March 2020 at three sites in Quang Pham et al., 2018). Nam Elephant HSCA (Fig. 1). Survey transects were In terms of herpetofaunal diversity, Johnson (1970) set up along streams, ponds, and forest paths. The main recorded 12 frog species in Quang Nam Province and habitat type was secondary forest of medium and small Nguyen (in Tordoff et al., 2000) recorded 25 species of hardwoods, mixed with shrubs and vines, at elevations frogs in Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve. During our recent between 30 and 405 m. After photographing captured field survey in central Vietnam, a new collection of frogs in life, they were euthanized in a closed vessel frogs was made in Quang Nam Elephant Habitat and with a piece of cotton wool soaked in ethyl acetate Species Conservation Area (HSCA). Morphological (Simmons, 2002), fixed in 80% ethanol for 4–6 h and subsequently transferred into 70% ethanol for permanent storage. The preserved specimens have been deposited in the collection of the Institute of Ecology and Biological 1 Ministry of Education and Training, 35 Dai Co Vet Road, Hanoi, Vietmam. Resources (IEBR), Hanoi, Vietnam. 2 Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy Road, Morphological identification generally followed Hanoi, Vietnam. Taylor (1962), Wang et al. (1989), Ziegler and Köhler 3 Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam (2001), Matsui and Orlov (2004), Ostroshabov et Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet al. (2013), Hasan et al., (2014), and Pham et al. Road, Hanoi, Vietnam. (2017a,b). Measurements were taken with a digital 4 Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam callipers (Wabeco, Germany) to the nearest 0.1 mm. Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam. Abbreviations include snout–vent length (SVL); eye 5 Zoologischer Garten Köln, Riehler Straße 173, 50735 Köln, length (EL), from anterior to posterior corner of eye; Germany; and Institut für Zoologie, Universität zu Köln, distance from anterior corner of eye to posterior edge Zülpicher Straße 47b, 50674 Köln, Germany. of nostril (EN); head length (HL), from posterior corner * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] of mandible to tip of snout; maximum head width at © 2021 by Herpetology Notes. Open Access by CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. the angle of jaws (HW); internarial distance (IND); 318 Dzung Trung Le et al.

Figure 1. Map of the sampling site in Quang Nam Elephant Habitat and Species Conservation Area (1), Quang Nam Province, central Vietnam. interorbital distance (IOD); distance from anterior edge Specimens examined.—One adult male (IEBR 4823; of nostril to tip of snout (NS); distance from anterior field number QN.2020.107) and one adult female (IEBR corner of eye to tip of snout (SN); maximum tympanum 4824; field number QN.2020.108), collected by Pham diameter (TYD); upper eyelid width (UEW); forearm et al. on 27 February 2020 near Binh Yen Village in length (FAL), from elbow to base of outer palmar Quang Nam Elephant HSCA (15.5744°N, 107.9330°E, tubercle; hand length (HAL), from base of outer palmar elevation 105 m). tubercle to tip of third finger; femur length (FL), from Description.—Morphological characters of the vent to knee; and shank length (SL). For the webbing specimens from Quang Nam agreed with the descriptions formula, we followed Glaw and Vences (2007). Sex by Hasan et al. (2014) and Pham et al. (2017a; previously was determined by the presence of internal vocal sac identified as M. fissipes): size small (SVL 17.8 mm in openings or by gonadal inspection. the male and 24.1 mm in the female); head flattened, triangular, slightly longer than wide (HL/HW 1.02 in the Results male, 1.17 in the female); snout pointed; canthus rostralis round, indistinct; nostril nearer to tip of snout than to In the following accounts, species names are followed eye (SN/EN 0.52 in the male and 0.72 in the female); by taxonomic authority and year, as well as common tympanum hidden; vomerine teeth absent; vocal sac names in English. openings slit-like, paired. Forelimbs relatively long (FAL/SVL 0.20 in the male, Family Microhylidae 0.19 in the female), fingers long and slender (HAL/SVL Microhyla mukhlesuri Hasan et al., 2014 0.43 in the male and 0.42 in the female), tips not swollen; Mukhlesur’s Narrow-mouthed Frog (Fig. 2A) without webbing and lateral fringes, relative length of New Records of Frogs from Quang Nam Province, Vietnam 319

Figure 2. Dorsolateral views of (A) Microhyla mukhlesuri (IEBR 4823, adult male), (B) (IEBR 4825, adult male), (C) Gracixalus ananjevae (IEBR 4826, adult male), and (D) Rhacophorus orlovi (IEBR 4828, adult male) from Quang Nam Province, Vietnam. Photos by C.T. Pham. fingers I < II < IV < III, fingers slender, subarticular Ecological notes.—Frogs were found between 20:00 tubercles absent, inner metacarpal tubercle large and and 21:00 h, on the ground near a small stream. The round. surrounding habitat was mixed secondary forest Hindlimbs relatively long and stout, shank length consisting of small hardwoods, bamboo, and shrubs. about two-thirds of SVL (SL/SVL 0.59), femur length Air temperature was 25–32°C and relative humidity significantly less than shank length (FL/SL 0.86); toe was 60–70%. tips round, not swollen; rudimentary webbing present Distribution.—In Vietnam, this species has been between all five toes; lateral fringes narrow, present on all recorded west of the Red River (Yuan et al., 2016; Frost, toes; relative toe lengths I < II < V < III < IV; tibiotarsal 2020). This species has also been reported from , articulation reaching the eye. , Bangladesh, , and (Hasan Skin smooth with dense, dark X-shaped mark on et al., 2014; Frost, 2020). the dorsum, starting at the eyes, narrowing on the Remarks.—Yuan et al. (2016) documented that M. front of the forelimbs, slightly expanding between the mukhlesuri includes all populations formerly assigned to shoulders; oblique bars present on thigh, tibia, and in the M. fissipes west of the Red River. tarsal region. An inverse U-shaped black mark above the cloaca, many irregular, speckled dots below both Micryletta inornata (Boulenger, 1890) sides of the cloaca. Deli Paddy Frog (Fig. 2B) Coloration in life.—Dorsal surface light brown with dark spots and white streaks; black band starting from the Specimen examined.—One adult male (IEBR 4825, tip of the snout to the posterior corner of the eyes; ventral field number QN.2020.117), collected by Pham et al. surface slightly whitish with few very small speckles. on 29 February 2020 near Binh Yen Village in Quang 320 Dzung Trung Le et al.

Nam Elephant HSCA (15.5887°N, 107.9015°E, Provinces and southwards to Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Tay Ninh, elevation 99 m). and Dong Nai Provinces, as well as Ho Chi Minh City Description.—Morphological characters of the (Nguyen et al., 2009). Elsewhere, this species has been specimens from Quang Nam agreed with the descriptions reported from Indonesia, Myanmar, The Philippines, in Taylor (1962), Wang et al. (1989), and Alhadi et al. Thailand, , Taiwan, and China (Frost, 2020). (2019): size small (SVL 22.1 mm). Head wider than long Remarks.—Micryletta inornata was originally (HW/HL 1.14); snout obtuse; canthus rostralis round; described from Sumatra Island in Indonesia. This nostril large, round, moderately protuberant, closer to tip species was subsequently more widely reported across of snout than to eye (SN/EN 0.47); interorbital distance Sundaland, Indochina, India, and China (Frost, 2020). about 2.2 times width of upper eyelid (IOD/UEW 2.2), Alhadi et al. (2019) showed that this species comprises much wider than internarial distance (IOD/IND 1.58); several different lineages, which represent either tympanum diameter (TYD 0.8 mm) shorter than eye unnamed species or previously named populations length (ED 2 mm); vomerine teeth absent; vocal slits whose names are currently in synonymy and require near jaw angle; single, subgular vocal sac. taxonomic validation in the future. Forelimbs relatively long (FAL/SVL 0.26), fingers long and slender (HAL/SVL 0.55), tips of fingers blunt, Family Rhacophoridae without webbing or lateral fringes, relative length of fingers I < II < IV < III; subarticular tubercles prominent; Gracixalus ananjevae (Matsui & Orlov, 2004) nuptial pads absent; subarticular tubercles well Annam Flying Treefrog (Fig. 2C) developed, round, all present; three palmar tubercles. Hindlimbs relatively long and stout, shank about Specimens examined.—An adult male (IEBR 4826, half of SVL (SL/SVL 0.49); femur length shorter than field number QN 2020.90), collected on 25 February shank length (FL/SL 0.95); tips of toes blunt except on 2020 (15.6667°N, 107.8901°E, elevation 208 m); and the fourth toe, which is slightly swollen; rudimentary a second adult male (IEBR 4827, field number QN webbing present between all five toes; relative toe 2020.137), collected on 4 March 2020 (15.6692°N, lengths I < II < V < III < IV; supernumerary tubercles 107.9325°E, elevation 405 m). Specimens were absent; subarticular tubercles well developed; tibiotarsal collected by Pham et al. near Binh Yen Village in the articulation reaching the eye. forest of Quang Nam Elephant HSCA. Skin of dorsum smooth to shagreened, covered by Description.—Morphological characters of the small scattered tubercles; ventral surface smooth. specimens from Quang Nam agreed with the description Coloration in life.—Dorsum brownish-grey with a of Matsui and Orlov (2004): size small (SVL 20.2–22.6 silver tinge and irregular blackish-brown blotches of mm), head slightly longer than wide (HL/HW 1.01– variable size; upper eyelids and snout with a greenish 1.16); snout round; nostril oval shaped, located closer tinge; discontinuous blackish-brown lateral streak from to tip of snout than to anterior margin of eye; canthus tip of the snout to near the groin; lateral surface of rostralis indistinct; eyes large (EL/HL 0.43–0.44), loreal belly light brown with greyish-white spots; flanks light region oblique, slightly concave; nostril nearer to tip of brown with blackish-brown spots; silvery-grey line snout than to eye (NS/EN 0.53–0.71); internarial distance along the margins of upper lip; iris bicoloured, light slightly narrower than interorbital distance (IND/IOD golden brown anteriorly and dark brown posteriorly. 0.88–0.96); tympanum distinct, its diameter smaller than Ventrally, throat light reddish-grey with blackish- the eye (TYD/EL 0.37–0.52); vomerine teeth absent. brown margins, chest and belly light reddish-grey with Forelimbs relatively long (FAL/SVL 0.22–0.27), faint light grey scattered spots especially towards the fingers long and slender (HAL/SVL 0.47–0.55), without margins; fore- and hindlimbs light violet grey. webbing or lateral fringes, tips of fingers dilated into Ecological notes.—The specimen was found at 20:00 large discs, that of the third finger narrower than the h, on the ground near a small stream with little water. tympanum; relative length of fingers I < II < IV < III; The surrounding habitat was mixed secondary forest no fringe present on the outer edge of the fourth finger; consisting of small hardwoods, bamboo, and shrubs. Air one supernumerary tubercle present on each metacarpal; temperature was 33°C and relative humidity was 70%. subarticular tubercles distinct; distinct inner and two Distribution.—In Vietnam, this species has been indistinct, elongate outer palmar tubercles. recorded from Thanh Hoa, Ha Tinh, and Quang Binh Hindlimbs relatively long; shank about half of SVL New Records of Frogs from Quang Nam Province, Vietnam 321

(SL/SVL 0.47–0.48); tips of toes expanded into discs descriptions in Ziegler and Köhler (2001), Ostroshabov slightly smaller than those of fingers; webs between toes et al. (2013), and Pham et al. (2017b): size moderate moderately developed, two outer metatarsals separated (SVL 36.4 mm), body slim. Head slightly smaller than by webbing; webbing formula I1-1II1/2-2III1-2IV2-1V; wide (HL/HW 0.87); snout pointed; nostril equidistant no fringes along the inner edge of the first toe or the outer from snout and eye; concave loreal region; pupil vertical; edge of the fifth; relative toe lengths I < II < III < V < IV; eye diameter slightly smaller than snout length (EL/SN subarticular tubercles distinct; a small inner metatarsal 0.66); tympanum distinct, round, smaller than eye (TYD/ tubercle is present, its length about two-fifths the length EL 0.54); vomerine teeth present; tongue heart-shaped, of the first toe, outer metatarsal absent; tibiotarsal free at the back; vocal sac openings slit-like, located articulation of adpressed limbs reaching beyond the eye. posterolaterally on the floor of the mouth; supratympanic Dorsum with irregularly distributed small tubercles, ridge distinct. those on the snout small and white at the tip; a Forelimbs relatively long (FAL/SVL 0.24); each distinct, oblique fold extending from the eye above finger of the hand carries a well-developed broad disc the tympanum, and ending at the shoulder; sides and encircled by a marginal groove; relative finger lengths abdomen coarsely granular; no ridge of skin on outer I < II < IV < III, webbing formula I2½–2½II1½– edge of forearm; leg smooth, except for coarsely 2½III2–2IV; subarticular tubercles round to oval; inner granular ventral side of thigh and asperities on the base palmar tubercle oval. of the tarsus; no dermal appendages on limbs or at vent; Hindlimbs long; shank about half of SVL (SL/SVL ventral surface smooth. 0.5); toe tips enlarged into discs; toe discs smaller than Coloration in life.—Dorsum pinkish grey, with a dark those on fingers; relative toe lengths I < II < III < V < IV, brown marking beginning between the eyes, bifurcating webbing formula I1–1½II1–2III1–2IV2–1V; roundish at the back of the shoulders, and ending on the sides of to oval subarticular tubercles; elongated oval inner the sacrum; ventrally greyish white, without markings; metatarsal tubercle; tibiotarsal articulation reaching to limbs with dark crossbars; rear of thigh without distinct anterior corner of the eye. markings. Dorsum smooth; supratympanic fold distinct; skin Ecological notes.—Specimens were found between smooth in the throat area, granular on the abdomen and 21:00 and 22:00 h, on a tree branch near a small stream. inner thighs; weak tubercles and prominences on the The surrounding habitat was mixed secondary forest outer edge of the tarsus; skin near the cloaca and on the consisting of small hardwoods and shrubs. Air temperature outside of the thigh with a few small white tubercles. was 21–30°C and relative humidity was 67–72%. Colouration in life.—Dorsal surface brown; temporal Distribution.—This species was so far known only region with some light spots; flanks grey with some from Ha Tinh Province in central Vietnam (Frost, 2020). diffuse dark mottling in axillary region; groin brown Remarks.—Specimens from Quang Nam differ from with black mottling. Dorsal surface of limbs with dark those in the description of Matsui and Orlov (2004) by bars; posterior part of thighs black with white spots; their smaller size (SVL 20.2–22.6 mm vs. 32.4 mm). webbing dark grey. Ventral surface light brown. Matsui and Orlov (2004) indicated that the species was Ecological notes.—The specimen was found at found at an elevation of 1500 m. Our new record of this 21:30 h, on a branch of bamboo near a small pond. species in Quang Nam Elephant HSCA is located at an The surrounding habitat was mixed secondary forest elevation of only 405 m. consisting of small hardwoods, bamboo, and shrubs. Air temperature was 25°C and relative humidity was 75%. Distribution.—In Vietnam, this species has been Rhacophorus orlovi Ziegler & Köhler, 2001 recorded from Son La and Lao Cai Provinces in the Orlov’s (Fig. 2D) north southwards to Gia Lai and Kon Tum Provinces (Nguyen et al., 2009). This species has also been Specimen examined.—One adult male (IEBR 4828, reported from (Frost, 2020). field number QN 2020.129), collected by Pham et al. on 3 March 2020 near Ban Co in the forest of Quang Nam Discussion Elephant HSCA (15.6607°N, 107.9648°E, elevation 163 m). In this study, we recorded 49 species of frogs in Description.—Morphological characters of the Quang Nam Province. Four species of these (Microhyla specimen from Quang Nam agree well with the mukhlesuri, Micryletta inornata, Gracixalus ananjevae, 322 Dzung Trung Le et al.

Rhacophorus orlovi) are new records for the province. Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T., Nguyen, T.Q. (2009): Herpetofauna of Among the 49 species, five Leptobrachella ( applebyi, Vietnam. Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Edition Chimaira. 768 pp. L. firthi, Microhyla annamensis, spinosa, Q. Nguyen, T.Q., Hendrix, R., Böhme, W., Vu, T.N., Ziegler, T. (2008): A new species of the Philautus (Amphibia: verrucospinosa) are listed in the IUCN Red List (IUCN, Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the Truong Son Range, Quang 2020), and three species ( andersonii, Q. Binh Province, central Vietnam. Zootaxa 1925: 1–13. spinosa, ) are listed in the Vietnam Red Orlov, N.L., Poyarkov, N.A., Nguyen, T.T. (2015): Taxonomic Data Book (Tran et al., 2007). Ten species are endemic notes on Megophrys frogs (: Anura) of to Vietnam (Table 1). Although the forest in the Quang Vietnam, with description of a new species. Russian Journal of Nam Elephant HSCA harbours a considerable number Herpetology 22: 206–218. of endemic and rare species, its is currently Orlov, N.L., Poyarkov, N.A., Vassilieva, A.B., Ananjeva, N.B., Nguyen, T.T., Nguyen, S.N., Geissler, P. (2012): Taxonomic threatened due to conversion of forest into agricultural notes on rhacophorid frogs (: Rhacophoridae: land. Additional surveys are required to obtain further data Anura) of southern part of Annamite Mountains (Truong Son, about the actual biodiversity of this protected area. Vietnam), with description of three new species. Russian Journal of Herpetology 19: 23–64. Acknowledgements. We are grateful to the directorates of the Ostroshabov, A.A., Orlov, N.L., Nguyen, T.T. (2013): Forest Protection Department of Quang Nam Province and Quang of frogs of genus Rhacophorus of “hoanglienensis–orlovi” Nam Elephant HSCA for support of our fieldwork, especially K.V. complex. Russian Journal of Herpetology 20: 301–324. Tu (Quang Nam FPD), and T.V. Ngo and D.V. Mai (Quang Nam Pham, C.T., An, H.T., Herbst, S., Bonkowski, M., Ziegler, T., Elephant HSCA). We thank H.T. Dong (VNUF, Hanoi), and H.Q. Nguyen, T.Q. (2017a): First report on the fauna Pham and H.T. Nguyen (WWF) for their assistance in the field, N.T. of Ha Lang karst forest, Cao Bang Province, Vietnam. Bonn Lo, Y.T. Do, and T.T. Nguyen (Hanoi) for laboratory assistance, Zoological Bulletin 66: 37–53. and T.A. Tran (IEBR, Hanoi) for providing the map. Fieldwork in Pham, C.T., Le, M.D., Ngo, H.T., Ziegler, T., Nguyen, T.Q. the Quang Nam Elephant HSCA was funded by the World Wildlife (2018): A new species of Limnonectes (Amphibia: Anura: Fund for Nature (WWF), a partner of the Green Annamites Project. ) from Vietnam. Zootaxa 4508: 115–130. This research was partially funded by the Vietnam Academy of Pham, A.V., Nguyen, T.Q., Ziegler, T., Nguyen, T.T. (2017b): New Science and Technology (Grant No. UDKHAC.01/20-21). records of tree frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae: Rhacophorus) from Son La Province, Vietnam. Herpetology Notes 10: 379–386. References Rowley, J.J.L., Cao, T.T. (2009): A new species of Leptolalax (Anura: Megophryidae) from central Vietnam. Zootaxa 2198: Alhadi, F., Hamidy, A., Farajallah, A., Munir, M., Atmaja, 51–60. V.Y., Garg, S., Biju, S.D., Smith, E.N. (2019): Rediscovery Rowley, J.J.L., Hoang, H.D., Dau, V.Q., Le, D.T.T., Cao, T.T. of Micryletta inornata (Boulenger, 1890) from Sumatra: (2012): A new species of Leptolalax (Anura: Megophryidae) redescription, molecular identity, and taxonomic implications. from central Vietnam and further information on Leptolalax Zootaxa 4613: 111–126. tuberosus. Zootaxa 2660: 33–45. Frost, D.R. (2020): Amphibian species of the world: an Online Rowley, J.J.L., Hoang, H.D., Le, D.T.T., Dau, V.Q., Cao, T.T. Reference. Version 6.0, American Museum of Natural History, (2010): A new species of Leptolalax (Anura: Megophryidae) New York. Available at: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/ from Vietnam and further information on Leptolalax tuberosus. amphibia/index.php. Accessed on 10 May 2020. Zootaxa 2660: 33–45. Glaw, F., Vences, M. (2007): A Field Guide to the Rowley, J.J.L., Le, D.T.T., Dau, V.Q., Hoang, H.D., Cao, T.T. and Reptiles of Madagascar. Third Edition. Cologne, Germany, (2014): A striking new species of phytotelm-breeding tree frog Frosch Verlag. (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from central Vietnam. Zootaxa 3785: Hasan, M.K., Islam, M.M., Kuramoto, M., Kurabayashi, A., Sumida, 025–037. M. (2014): Description of two new species of Microhyla (Anura: Rowley, J.J.L., Le, D.T.T., Hoang, H.D., Cao, T.T., Dau, V.Q. Microhylidae) from Bangladesh. Zootaxa 3755: 401–418. (2020): A new species of phytotelm breeding frog (Anura: IUCN (2020): The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version Rhacophoridae) from the Central Highlands of Vietnam. 2020.1. Available at http://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on 6 Zootaxa 4779: 341–354. August 2020. Simmons, J.E. (2002): Herpetological collecting and collections Johnson, C.R. (1970): Herpetofauna of Quang Nam Province, management. Revised edition. Society for the Study of South Vietnam. Herpetologica 26: 527–532. Amphibians and Reptiles, Herpetological Circular 31: 1–153. Matsui, M., Orlov, N.L. (2004): A new species of from Taylor, E.H. (1962): The amphibian fauna of Thailand. University Vietnam (Anura: Rhacophoridae). Zoological Science 21: of Kansas Science Bulletin 43: 265–599. 671–676. Tordoff, A.W., Tran, H.M., Tran, Q.N. (2000): Feasibility Study Nguyen, L.T., Poyarkov, N.A., Jr., Le, D.T., Vo, B.D., Phan, H.T., for the Establishment of Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, Quang Duong, T.V., Murphy, R., Nguyen, S.N. (2018): A new species Nam Province, Vietnam. Conservation Report Number 10. of Leptolalax (Anura: Megophryidae) from Son Tra Peninsula, Hanoi, Vietnam, Birdlife International Vietnam Program. 74 pp. central Vietnam. Zootaxa 4388: 001–021. New Records of Frogs from Quang Nam Province, Vietnam 323

Tran, K., Ho, C.T., Nguyen, S.V., Pham, T. (2007): Reptiles and Yuan, Z.Y., Suwannapoom, C., Yan, F., Poyarkov, N.A., Jr., amphibians. In: Vietnam Red Data Book, Part 1, , Nguyen, S.N., Chen, H.M., et al. (2016): Red River barrier and p. 219–276. Dang, T.N., Tran, K., Dang, H.H., Nguyen, C., Pleistocene climatic fluctuations shaped the genetic structure of Nguyen, T.N., Nguyen, Y.H., Dang, D.T., Eds., Hanoi, Vietnam, complex (Anura: Microhylidae) in southern Science and Technology Publishing House. China and Indochina. Current Zoology 62: 531–543. Wang, C.S., Wu, S.H., Yu, H.T. (1989): Notes on Microhyla Ziegler, T., Köhler, J. (2001): Rhacophorus orlovi sp. n., ein neuer inornata Boulenger (Anura: Microhylidae) in Taiwan. Journal Ruderfrosch aus Vietnam (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae). of Herpetology 23: 342–349. Sauria 23: 37–46.

Table 1. Checklist of frog species recorded in Quang Nam Province, Vietnam. New provincial records are marked with an asterisk (*). Species endemic to Vietnam are marked with a dagger (†). References are listed by number and include 1 – Nguyen et al. (2009), 2 – Rowley and Cao (2009), 3 – Rowley et al. (2010), 4 – Rowley et al. (2012), 5 – Orlov et al. (2015), 6 – Orlov et al. (2012), and 7 – this study. The Status column uses the superscripts V (Vietnam Red Data Book; Tran et al., 2007) and I (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species; IUCN, 2020) and the following abbreviations: EN = Endangered, VU = Vulnerable, NT = Near Threatened.

Scientific Name English Name Reference(s) Status

Bufonidae Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) Black-spined 1 Ingerophrynus galeatus (Günther, 1864) Cambodian Toad 1 Ingerophrynus macrotis (Boulenger, 1887) Big-eared Toad 1, 7

Hylidae Hyla simplex Boettger, 1901 Annam Treefrog 1

Megophryidae †Leptobrachella applebyi (Rowley & Cao, 2009) Appleby’s Asian Toad 2, 3, 7 IEN †Leptobrachella firthi (Rowley et al., 2012) Firth’s Asian Toad 4 IEN †Leptobrachella tuberosa (Inger et al., 1999) Granular Toad 1 Leptobrachella sp. Asian Toad 7 †Leptobrachium mouhoti Stuart et al., 2006 Mouhot’s Spadefood Toad 1 Megophrys gerti (Ohler, 2003) Gert’s Mountain Toad 1 Megophrys hansi (Ohler, 2003) Hans’s Mountain Toad 1, 5, 7 Megophrys major Boulenger, 1908 Anderson’s Spadefoot Toad 1

Microhylidae Microhyla annamensis Smith, 1923 Vietnam Rice Frog 1 IVU (Blyth, 1856) Berdmore’s Narrow-mouthed Frog 1 Vogt, 1911 Taiwan Rice Frog 1 Microhyla marmorata Bain & Nguyen, 2004 Marble Pygmy Frog 1 *Microhyla mukhlesuri Hasan et al., 2014 Mukhlesur’s Narrow-mouthed Frog 7 †Microhyla nanapollexa Bain & Nguyen, 2004 No-thumb Pygmy Frog 1 †Microhyla picta Schenkel, 1901 Painted Rice Frog 1 (Hallowell, 1861) Rice Frog 1 *Micryletta inornata (Boulenger, 1890) Deli Paddy Frog 7 324 Dzung Trung Le et al.

Table 1. (cont.)

Scientific Name English Name Reference(s) Status

Dicroglossidae limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829) Grass Frog 1, 7 rugulosus (Wiegmann, 1834) Common Lowland Frog 1 Limnonectes poilani (Bourret, 1942) Poilan’s Frog 1, 7 lima (Gravenhorst, 1829) Java Frog 1, 7 Occidozyga martensii (Peters, 1867) Martens’s Frog 1 (David, 1875) Spiny Paa Frog 1 IVU, VEN Quasipaa verrucospinosa (Bourret, 1937) Granular Spiny Frog 1, 7 INT

Ranidae Amolops ricketti (Boulenger, 1899) Chinese Sucker Frog 1 †Amolops spinapectoralis Inger et al., 1999 Spinyback Sucker Frog 1, 7 “” attigua (Inger et al., 1999) Similar Frog 1, 7 Indosylvirana milleti (Smith, 1921) Dalat Frog 1 Odorrana absita (Stuart & Chan-ard, 2005) Absitus Frog 1 (Boulenger, 1882) Golden Crossband Frog 1 VVU (Günther, 1876) Green Cascade Frog 1, 7 Odorrana morafkai (Bain et al., 2003) Morafkai’s Frog 1, 7 Odorrana tiannanensis (Yang & Li, 1980) Tiannan Frog 1 johnsi Smith, 1921 Johns’s Frog 1 Sylvirana guentheri (Boulenger, 1882) Günther’s Brown Frog 1, 7 Sylvirana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856) Black-striped Frog 1, 7

Rhacophoridae *†Gracixalus ananjevae (Matsui & Orlov, 2004) Annam Flying Treefrog 7 appendiculatus (Günther, 1858) Frilled Treefrog 1 †Kurixalus banaensis (Bourret, 1939) Bana Bubble-nest Frog 1 megacephalus Hallowell, 1861 Spot-legged Treefrog 1, 7 Rhacophorus annamensis Smith, 1924 Annam 1, 7 Rhacophorus exechopygus Inger et al., 1999 Tramlap Flying Treefrog 1 Rhacophorus kio Ohler & Delorme, 2006 Kio Whipping Frog 1 VEN *Rhacophorus orlovi Ziegler & Köhler, 2001 Orlov’s Treefrog 7 †Rhacophorus robertingeri Orlov et al., 2012 Inger’s Flying Treefrog 6, 7

Accepted by Kanto Nishikawa