Bbs Spring Meeting 7–12 April 2011 Wharfedale, Yorkshire

MeetingReport Meeting report – BBS Spring 2011

v Kettlewell, Wharfedale, close to our base for the week at Scargill House. I. Atherton

ot only is it superbly situated, under Excursions were arranged not just in Upper were ‘senior’ enough to have been present at the donniana, S. pusilla and Plagiopus oederianus, wooded limestone crags with fine Wharfedale, where habitats are dominated by earlier meeting! as well as Porella cordaeana, Preissia quad-rata, views across upper Wharfedale, Carboniferous Limestone, but also in adjacent parts An asterisk (*) in the following account indicates a Scapania aspera, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, but Scargill House provided flexible of Wensleydale, at Malham in Airedale, and on new or updated vice-county record. Plagiobryum zieri, Tritomaria quinquedentata accommodation arrangements and one occasion at Ribblehead in Ribblesdale. Most and Orthothecium intricatum. In more open Nthe use of rooms for meetings and microscope localities visited were in v.-c. 64, but several were Thursday 7 April places Lophozia excisa, Reboulia hemisphaerica, work. The village of Kettlewell was only a short in v.-c. 65 and these are indicated in the following One group visited two limestone gills near Yock- Riccia sorocarpa, Didymodon ferrugineus and distance away, convenient for those who preferred account. Excursions were organized around two or enthwaite, at Hagg Beck and Bouther Gill. These Entosthodon muhlenbergii were present on earth to sample the local beers in the evening. Over 50 three principal venues each day, partly to minimize provided an excellent introduction to the flora of among rocks, and Brachythecium glareosum, members attended all or part of the meeting, and pressure on habitats, but also to increase coverage wooded limestone gills, and many of the distinct- Breutelia chrysocoma, Climacium dendroides, we were very pleased to welcome two bryologists and offer variety and choice for members. The BBS ive montane calcicoles were recorded, including Ditrichum gracile and Plagiomnium elatum in grassy from further afield, Michael Lüth from Germany and last visited the area during the spring meeting in Cololejeunea calcarea, Leiocolea alpestris, Pedino- habitats and flushes. Schistidium rivulare and S. Ben-Rong Zuo from Shanghai Normal University. Ilkley in 1983, and we had several participants who phyllum interruptum (fine and plentiful), Seligeria platyphyllum were on rocks by water and Tritomaria

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v Kettlewell, Wharfedale, close to our base for the week at Scargill House. I. Atherton

Though well-recorded in the past, the BBS Spring Meeting Yorkshire Dales have been worked patchily in recent years. Gordon 7–12 April 2011 Haycock’s suggestion that Scargill House in Wharfedale would make Wharfedale, Yorkshire a good centre for a meeting was therefore timely, and it proved to be an excellent venue as Tom Blockeel reports. ot only is it superbly situated, under Excursions were arranged not just in Upper were ‘senior’ enough to have been present at the donniana, S. pusilla and Plagiopus oederianus, wooded limestone crags with fine Wharfedale, where habitats are dominated by earlier meeting! as well as Porella cordaeana, Preissia quad-rata, views across upper Wharfedale, Carboniferous Limestone, but also in adjacent parts An asterisk (*) in the following account indicates a Scapania aspera, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, but Scargill House provided flexible of Wensleydale, at Malham in Airedale, and on new or updated vice-county record. Plagiobryum zieri, Tritomaria quinquedentata accommodation arrangements and one occasion at Ribblehead in Ribblesdale. Most and Orthothecium intricatum. In more open Nthe use of rooms for meetings and microscope localities visited were in v.-c. 64, but several were Thursday 7 April places Lophozia excisa, Reboulia hemisphaerica, work. The village of Kettlewell was only a short in v.-c. 65 and these are indicated in the following One group visited two limestone gills near Yock- Riccia sorocarpa, Didymodon ferrugineus and distance away, convenient for those who preferred account. Excursions were organized around two or enthwaite, at Hagg Beck and Bouther Gill. These Entosthodon muhlenbergii were present on earth to sample the local beers in the evening. Over 50 three principal venues each day, partly to minimize provided an excellent introduction to the flora of among rocks, and Brachythecium glareosum, members attended all or part of the meeting, and pressure on habitats, but also to increase coverage wooded limestone gills, and many of the distinct- Breutelia chrysocoma, Climacium dendroides, we were very pleased to welcome two bryologists and offer variety and choice for members. The BBS ive montane calcicoles were recorded, including Ditrichum gracile and Plagiomnium elatum in grassy from further afield, Michael Lüth from Germany and last visited the area during the spring meeting in Cololejeunea calcarea, Leiocolea alpestris, Pedino- habitats and flushes. Schistidium rivulare and S. Ben-Rong Zuo from Shanghai Normal University. Ilkley in 1983, and we had several participants who phyllum interruptum (fine and plentiful), Seligeria platyphyllum were on rocks by water and Tritomaria

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exsectiformis was seen on rotten wood. Many of records included Metzgeria pubescens, Mylia tay- tions to species seen included Barbilophozia these species were seen frequently on subsequent lorii, Tritomaria quinquedentata, Breutelia chryso- barbata and Entosthodon obtusus along the Dales days. Epiphytes included Orthotrichum pulchellum coma, Distichium capillaceum, Entodon concinnus, Way up the valley from Nethergill (SD88L), and and O. stramineum, which after O. affine proved to Orthothecium intricatum, Plagiobryum zieri, Scor- Leiocolea bantriensis in Langstrothdale (SD88V). be the two commonest corticolous species of the pidium cossonii, Sphagnum quinquefarium, S. Further afield, Tom Blockeel led a small group genus during the meeting. Higher up above the gills russowii, Splachnum sphaericum, Thuidium deli- to Raydale, a side valley of Wensleydale across there is rough grassland and peaty moorland with catulum, and three lowland species growing at an the watershed in v.-c. 65. After some confusion a less calcareous flora. Sphagnum russowii and S. unusually high altitude of 460 m – Orthotrichum over car-parking fees and an encounter with a girgensohnii were recorded. pulchellum, Ulota phyllantha and Fissidens exilis. confrontational local resident, the party made A second group visited the wooded banks of the Jeffery Pot is over the watershed from Wharfe- their way to the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust’s reserve River Wharfe near Bolton Abbey. Siliceous Millstone dale, just within v.-c. 65. There is an amphitheatre at Semer Water. The reserve consists of marsh Grit is exposed along this part of the river, but the of limestone crags at an altitude of around 570 m. and grassland at the head of a small natural lake rocks close to the river are influenced by calcareous Notable here was Schistidium trichodon, which of glacial origin. The marsh contained some large river water. The woods to the north of Cavendish was locally abundant, Barbilophozia hatcheri, beds of Calliergon cordifolium, but lacked strongly Pavilion produced many common woodland Anoectangium aestivum, Bryoerythrophyllum ferru- calcareous influence. Brachythecium mildeanum* species, as well as Mnium marginatum in riverside ginascens, Plagiopus oederianus, Seligeria acuti- was found on an old log in the marsh, Sanionia sand, Didymodon spadiceus and Dichodontium folia and S. donniana, along with many of the uncinata on sallows, and a few riparian bryophytes, flavescens on riverside rocks, Porella cordaeana species seen on Oughtershaw Side. including Orthotrichum rivulare, on tree bases. A n At work on the first day, near Yockenthwaite. on a tree base, Plagiochila britannica on a mossy Jo Denyer Various groups recorded other tetrads in small limestone outcrop in a corner of the reserve bank and Microlejeunea ulicina on bark. Sanionia Oughtershaw and Langstrothdale. Notable addi- was quite rich, with Encalypta vulgaris, Bartramia uncinata was found growing as an epiphyte. pallens at a known site further down the Wharfe Further north is the Strid, a place where the river near Addingham. They found O. sprucei, O. , Epiphytic bryologists at Nethergill Farm. , Fertile shoots of Thamnobryum alopecurum near flows through a very narrow and dangerous stramineum and O. tenellum, but not O. pallens. Oliver Moore Bolton Abbey. Michael Lüth channel. There are greater exposures of rock in this area, with Distichium capillaceum, Dialytri- Friday 8 April chia mucronata, Mnium thomsonii, Cololejeunea The main venue this day was the Oughtershaw calcarea, C. rossettiana, Metzgeria pubescens area towards the head of Wharfedale. The focal and Pedinophyllum interruptum in areas under point was Nethergill Farm, which is worked sym- calcareous influence, and Amphidium mougeotii, pathetically for wildlife by owners Chris and Fiona Bartramia pomiformis, Pohlia cruda and Calypogeia Clark. There was a wide range of calcareous and integristipula on acid gritstone. Jeff Duckett, who base-poor habitats. Nick Hodgetts found Tortella joined the group in mid-afternoon, observed that bambergeri* and Entosthodon attenuatus (the the riverside rocks at the Strid had deteriorated latter being the first vice-county record since bryologically since he first knew them, now being 1930, but not collected). Other records included dominated by coarse moss, presumably as a result Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Lophozia incisa, L. of eutrophication. Scapania cuspiduligera, which sudetica, Odontoschisma sphagni, Pedinophyllum has long been known here, could not be found. interruptum, Ditrichum gracile, Polytrichastrum The wooded crags nearby are one of the few British alpinum, Schistidium platyphyllum, S. rivulare, S. sites for Orthodontium gracile. The old oak tree on robustum, S. strictum, Mnium thomsonii, Seligeria which it was known to grow has now fallen and that recurvata and Thuidium assimile. particular population has been lost. However it is Jeff Duckett took a group up to the high ground still likely to be present on the gritstone crags. on Oughtershaw Side and over to Jeffery Pot. On David Long, David Bell and Michael Lüth left Oughtershaw Side the highlight was Amblyodon Bolton Abbey early in search of Orthotrichum dealbatus, found by Michael Lüth. The many other

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ithyphylla and Pohlia cruda, among others. After pendula was on a boulder, Entosthodon muhlen- lunch the party moved on to Park Gill, a limestone bergii on open patches of soil, Pseudoleskeella gill with two high waterfalls. Limestone boulders catenulata on exposed rocks and Myurella julacea had Mnium thomsonii, Porella cordaeana and very sparsely in rock crevices. A further population very fine Metzgeria pubescens, while Cololejeunea of Zygodon gracilis was pointed out by Alistair calcarea, Pedinophyllum interruptum, Seligeria Headley on its only currently known locality on pusilla and S. trifaria s.l. were found on wet rocks; natural rock (limestone scree) in the British Isles. epiphytes included Orthotrichum stramineum. A Tortula lanceola was noted on soil at 580 m, higher limestone crag in adjacent pasture had some nice than its previous British limit. Other species on earthy ledges with Entosthodon muhlenbergii* and and below the crags were Metzgeria pubescens, Bryoerythrophyllum ferruginascens. Porella arboris-vitae, Reboulia hemisphaerica, Another small group with Mark Pool visited Didymodon ferrugineus, Distichium inclinatum, D. Litton and Crystal Beck in Littondale, recording capillaceum, Orthothecium intricatum, Plagiobryum Breutelia chrysocoma, Ditrichum gracile, Leucodon zieri, Tetraplodon mnioides and Tortella bambergeri. sciuroides, Rhynchostegiella teneriffae, Scorpidium Encalypta rhaptocarpa s.l. was also seen. Michael cossonii, Schistidium platyphyllum, Seligeria pusilla Lüth suggested that this population could belong to and Cololejeunea calcarea. the segregate species E. trachymitria, but mature capsules would be needed to confirm this. Saturday 9 April Siliceous Millstone Grit caps the summit of the With over 50 members present for the weekend, hill and Andreaea rothii var. falcata, A. rupestris and there were various venues on offer for the Saturday Lophozia sudetica were recorded here. excursions. Unsurprisingly, many members opted Churn Milk Hole, a limestone sink-hole on the Pen-y-ghent. From top to bottom, left to right: to visit Pen-y-ghent. One of the ‘three Peaks’ of the lower slopes was visited on the descent from n The approach to Pen-y-ghent (Jo Denyer); Orthotrichum Yorkshire Dales, Pen-y-ghent rises to nearly 700 m the summit of Pen-y-ghent, and it proved to be cupulatum (Jo Denyer); Zygodon gracilis in a natural habitat and has exposed limestone crags at high altitude. interesting, with Bryoerythrophyllum ferruginascens, on limestone rocks (Michael Lüth); Distichium capillaceum (Jo Denyer); Reboulia hemisphaerica on Pen-y-ghent (Michael Lüth); En route, the party stopped to pay homage to the Bryum elegans, Entodon concinnus, Schistidium lunch on the slopes of Pen-y-ghent (Jo Denyer); Porella arboris- large population of Zygodon gracilis on the dry- elegantulum and Seligeria trifaria s.l. vitae (Jo Denyer). stone walls at Giant’s x Opposite page: Encalypta rhaptocarpa s.l., possibly Grave, also noting E. trachymitria. Michael Lüth Grimmia dissimulata there, and then walked via the Pennine Way onto Pen-y-ghent from Dale Head. Gordon Rothero led the long line of bryologists at his customary brisk pace to the base of the limestone cliffs on the east side of the hill. Schistidium trichodon was scattered on slab- by rocks below the crags, Antitrichia curti-

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A group with Tom Blockeel visited the second The heads of the gills at Dew Bottoms and Yew of the day’s venues, Cowside Beck near Arncliffe Cogar produced Jungermannia exsertifolia subsp. village. The Beck runs through a largely treeless cordifolia (in a runnel), Grimmia dissimulata (on limestone valley with north-facing slopes and crags. limestone boulders), Ditrichum flexicaule, Schisti- The route taken was from Arncliffe village, ascending dium elegantulum and S. robustum. The two gills along the Monks Road to the upper slopes, from had a good selection of montane calcicoles, the where they worked two gills with waterfalls. On the one near Yew Cogar being notable for some very ascent from Arncliffe they noted Hymenostylium fine patches of Orthothecium rufescens near the recurvirostrum and Scorpidium cossonii in flushes. waterfall. Another group with Mark Pool walked up

v Seligeria recurvata, with its characteristically curved setae. Michael Lüth

the nearby Darnbrook Valley, a moorland stream n Darnbrook Gill. From top to bottom, left to right: with a mix of calcareous and acid habitats, and the Gill; Plagiopus oederianus, Bryum pallens and returned with a very impressive list of 151 species. Polytrichastrum longisetum. I. Atherton v Odontoschisma These included Entodon concinnus, Entosthodon sphagni on Grassington fascicularis, Plagiobryum zieri, Splachnum sphaeri- produced some additional species – Leiocolea Mire. Michael Lüth cum and Thuidium assimile. bantriensis, Scorpidium cossonii, S. revolvens, S. Another venue for the day was Malham Tarn, and scorpioides, Splachnum sphaericum and Thuidium several different sites were inspected. This is a very delicatulum. At Great Close Mire Nick Hodgetts also well-known locality, so new records were not to be found Schistidium strictum and interestingly, on a expected. With Mark Hill’s expertise, Tarn Moss and dry stone wall, Pseudoleskeella catenulata. the adjacent wetland produced 15 species of Sphag- num, including S. contortum, S. magellanicum, S. Sunday 10 April teres and S. warnstorfii. However, S. riparium was The main venues on this day were in the Grass- only just hanging on at its known site. Also noted at ington area. Grass Wood, a Yorkshire Wildlife Trust Tarn Moss were Calliergon giganteum, Plagiomnium Reserve, was visited in the morning. It is a large elatum and Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum in cal- block of mixed deciduous woodland with much careous mire, Mylia anomala and Odontoschisma ash (Fraxinus) and a characteristic limestone flora. sphagni on the Moss, and Loeskeobryum brevirostre, The more notable records, some of them new to Porella arboris-vitae and P. cordaeana. The cal- the reserve, included Porella arboris-vitae, Riccar- careous wetlands at Ha Mire and Great Close Mire dia palmata, Loeskeobryum brevirostre, Leucodon

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squares (hectads) in the Upper Wharfedale area are well-recorded but, surprisingly, the Aysgarth square SE08 in Wensleydale (v.-c. 65) had only 60 species on the BBS database and was therefore our primary target. By the end of the day we had increased this number to 232 species. In the morning we recorded at Aysgarth Falls, mainly in Freeholders Wood and along the river banks, but also in the village, amassing a list of 127 mostly common woodland and limestone bryophytes, among them Porella cordaeana, Schistidium platyphyllum, Seligeria donniana, Taxiphyllum wissgrillii and 10 species of Orthotrichum. In the afternoon the party split into several groups. David Long’s group visited Penhill Crags, a moorland area with north-facing gritstone crags and bouldery ground. Notable here was Michael Lüth’s discovery of Grimmia hartmanii*, and David Long’s record of Lophozia longidens, both species with very few Pennine localities. They also recorded Bazzania trilobata, Lophozia incisa, Scapania gracilis, S. umbrosa, Andreaea rupestris, Bartramia ithyphylla, Blindia acuta, Bryoerythrophyllum ferruginascens, n Orthotrichum rivulare by the River Wharfe near n Crags and boulder fields at Penhill.Michael Lüth The party entered at the lower end of the gill and Racomitrium heterostichum* (the form without a Buckden. Michael Lüth worked along much of its length. Many montane hair-point, sometimes recognised as R. obtusum) sciuroides, Platydictya jungermannioides, Plasteur- another group with Mark Hill worked along the calcicoles were present, including Pedinophyllum and Plagiobryum zieri. Tom Blockeel and Nick hynchium striatulum, Schistidium elegantulum and Hebden Beck north of Hebden village and made the interruptum and Seligeria trifaria s.l. The gill was Law visited Carlton in Coverdale and found a Thuidium delicatulum. Grassington Mire, a small notable discovery of Ditrichum plumbicola* in two humid enough for Plagiochila spinulosa (seen on form of Syntrichia virescens with gemmae on bog over limestone, was visited by two separate places on old spoil. They also recorded Lophozia a boulder and on a sycamore trunk), and there the leaf lamina. They also recorded Leucodon groups. The visit to the mire got a mention from excisa and Sphagnum russowii. Mark’s party was plentiful Loeskeobryum brevirostre. Metzgeria sciuroides and Schistidium elegantulum near the owner, Sue Woodcock, in her column in the also visited two tetrads at Threshfield, recording conjugata was exceptionally fine on the side of a the village, and Lophozia excisa on a bank in Yorkshire Post, observing that the bryologists Brachythecium mildeanum* in the car park of a boulder, and Taxiphyllum wissgrillii was present. A rough pasture near West Scrafton. Another long ‘spent a sunny afternoon peering at tiny plants caravan site. non-bryological bonus, fulfilling a life’s ambition for list (131 taxa) was compiled by Mark Lawley and mosses all over the mire’. What they peered at A small group with Tom Blockeel walked over Chris Preston, was a fine bush ofDaphne mezereum and Oliver Moore in a gill near West Burton, with included 10 species of Sphagnum, Lophozia incisa, to Ribblehead to visit the National Nature Reserve in full flower. The party returned to Langstrothdale Bartramia ithyphylla, Brachythecium glareosum, Odontoschisma sphagni, Calliergon cordifolium at Ling Gill. The walk in from Low Greenfield in via High Birkwith. A grove of rowan trees by the Orthothecium intri-catum, Plagiobryum zieri, and C. stramineum. Langstrothdale was long, but avoided driving many forestry plantation en route produced a remarkable Polytrichastrum longisetum, Metzgeria pubescens, The Grassington area was once mined extensively miles by road and provided the opportunity to see crop of epiphytes, including Rhytidiadelphus squar- Preissia quadrata and Tritomaria quinquedentata. for lead, and there are old workings scattered over Colura calyptrifolia, which Tom had found during a rosus high on a twig, Orthotrichum striatum* and Oliver collected Platydictya jungermannioides, and the terrain. David Long’s group visited the old previous exploratory visit in a spruce plantation near abundant Orthotrichum pulchellum. confirmed its distinctive trapezoidal gemmae under works at Yarnbury, finding Cephaloziella rubella*, High Greenfield. It was refound by Nick Hodgetts the microscope that evening. Leptodontium flexifolium, Tetraplodon mnioides, on a spruce twig. During the search, Oliver Monday 11 April Joan Bingley took a car load a little further afield, to Thuidium delicatulum, Weissia controversa var. Moore found Ptilidium pulcherrimum in the same This was an informal day, intended for recording Leyburn in SE19, also in v.-c. 65, and they recorded densifolia and Warnstorfia exannulata. Meanwhile, habitat. Ling Gill is a beautiful limestone ravine. in under-worked squares. Most of the 10-km around the village and in the churchyard. Bryum

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radiculosum* was at the foot of the church wall. Heterocladium heteropterum. A fine patch of Richard Fisk and others used the day as an Lejeunea lamacerina was noted on a rock face, opportunity to visit Malham and recorded two and Blindia acuta on wet rocks by a large waterfall. tetrads around the village. Mary Ghullam found Epiphytes included Microlejeunea ulicina, Dicranum Microlejeunea ulicina on birch near Malham Tarn, montanum and Orthotrichum stramineum. Rotten apparently a new species for this well-recorded site. logs had sparse Riccardia palmata and Scapania umbrosa, as well as plentiful Nowellia curvifolia. Tuesday 12 April Unexpectedly, in a generally acid environment, As many members had by now left the meeting, Aloina aloides was found on bare clay exposed on we had only the one primary venue on this the a steep bank. final day. Contrary to its alarming name, the Valley Rachel Carter and Robin Stevenson visited the of Desolation is a pleasant and partly wooded Cray Gill area east of Hubberholme, recording side valley running eastwards from Wharfedale, Pedinophyllum interruptum and Riccardia palmata, not far from Bolton Abbey Woods visited earlier in before moving on to the watershed higher up the meeting. The rock is siliceous Millstone Grit, towards Kidstones Fell, just within v.-c. 64. Here n Hyocomium armoricum in the Valley of Desolation. and the flora is dominated by calcifuge species, they found Anomobryum julaceum, Distichium Michael Lüth including Barbilophozia attenuata, B. atlantica, capillaceum, Entodon concinnus, Scorpidium cos- x An astonishing abundance of sporophytes on Cephalozia lunulifolia, Solenostoma sphaerocarpum, sonii, S. revolvens and Seligeria recurvata. Chiloscyphus polyanthos in the Valley of Desolation. Scapania nemorea, Sphagnum quinquefarium, Mark Pool, meanwhile, stayed behind at Scargill Oliver Moore Dicranodontium denudatum, Dicranum fuscescens, to record the grounds of the House, finding 100 Seligeria recurvata and, on rocks by the stream, species there. Conclusions that the stiff erect leaves without papillae rule out S. Most of the rare bryophytes of the Yorkshire Dales patula and that the spore size suggests S. alpestris, , Gritstone rocks by the stream in the Valley of Desolation. Michael Lüth had already been discovered in Victorian times by a segregate of the S. trifaria complex whose status bryologists such as John Nowell. It was not surpris- is uncertain. ing therefore that we found only a few new vice- Not surprisingly, epiphytes, especially Metzgeria county records. Ditrichum plumbicola and Grimmia violacea, Orthotrichum pulchellum and Ulota hartmanii were significant discoveries for the York- phyllantha, are much commoner than they once shire Dales, and the record of Lophozia longidens, were, sometimes occurring high up on the moors though not new for the vice-county, is only the (the two latter at 460 m on Oughtershaw Side). In third for England. It was good to confirm many spite of its recent spread, Colura calyptrifolia was of the older records and to have updated lists for still a surprise in a plantation on open moorland at a large number of sites. It was also interesting to 370 m. Riccardia palmata is also increasing. It was assess the distribution of newly recognized taxa. unknown in the Dales (v.-c. 64 and 65) before 1990, We found 8 species of Schistidium: S. crassipilum but was seen three times during the meeting. was predictably the commonest of the non-aquatic The number of taxa recorded during the meeting species, but S. elegantulum and S. robustum was 390, and lists of varying lengths were compiled were widely recorded. Both Ditrichum gracile and for 47 tetrads. The number of individual records D. flexicaule were present, but the former was the at the time of writing is 4,153. Our thanks go to more common. Grimmia dissimulata was recorded Gordon Haycock for suggesting and arranging the twice, but is evidently rare. The identity of the Dales venue at Scargill House, and to all the landowners populations of the Seligeria trifaria aggregate is who provided access to sites. uncertain. They have small spores (around 15 µm) but there is some doubt whether they are correctly Tom Blockeel assigned to S. patula. Michael Lüth commented e [email protected]

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