Aerospace World

By Adam J. Hebert, Senior Editor

F/A-22s Still in Hot Box The Senate Armed Services Com- mittee, in its May markup of the 2005 USAF Seeks New Long-Range Strike Capability defense authorization bill, trimmed two fighters from USAF’s F/A-22 re- The Air Force has settled upon a two-pronged approach to meet its future long- quest. It approved 22 rather than the range strike requirements. The service plans to develop a midterm capability— 24 that the Air Force had sought. A ready by around 2018—in addition to pursuing a revolutionary next generation key question for Air Force officials system—due in 2025-30. was whether that cut would stand This puts the Air Force on track for initial operational capability of a new interim when the full Senate in mid-June took platform around 2020, explained Maj. Gen. (sel.) Stephen M. Goldfein, USAF up work on the measure. director of operational capability requirements. The House in mid-May completed action on its defense legislation, au- Meanwhile, work will continue on the science and technology programs originally thorizing purchase of all 24 Raptors. expected to yield a next generation system. Goldfein maintained that a revolu- That sets up a potential clash, if the tionary system, perhaps involving space-based weapons or hypersonic speed, is full Senate adopts the position of its still highly desirable. However, he said in an interview, “an IOC out in the 2030s defense panel. was just too far away.” According to the Senate committee, the Air Force needs “time to improve Long-range strike “is at the heart of holding things at risk around the world” and its production delivery schedule.” is a pivotal Air Force mission, Goldfein said. “Last fall, it became clear that Air Force leaders believe they have enough studying had probably been done,” he added. “We needed to enter a overcome development issues and process.” that tampering with the production numbers could have a negative ef- Consequently, Air Force Materiel Command and Air Combat Command have fect on cost and schedule. established offices to begin developing requirements and options. ACC will Sen. Orrin Hatch (R-Utah), a long- define what is needed, and AFMC will work with industry to determine the time supporter of the F/A-22, said it possibilities. Earlier this year, USAF put out a request for information to industry, may sound “reasonable” to make a calling for “a better understanding of what resources/mature technologies are modest reduction, but it is not. Be- available” to meet the new global strike requirements. cause there already has been a dras- tic reduction in the scale of the F/A- New capabilities should ensure that USAF can hit “a variety of targets, 22 program, many have developed a including hardened or deeply buried targets ... in nonpermissive environments “very real concern that there will not until fielding of the next generation long-range strike capability,” the RFI be enough aircraft to meet the opera- notice stated. “A development effort could start as early as 2006 with [IOC] in tional needs of the Air Force,” said 2015.” Hatch. While the revolutionary capability is undefined, the midterm bridging capability USAF Saves A-10 Fleet likely will feature something easily comprehensible. It could be a modification to Air Force officials may have found an existing aircraft, such as new B-2 bombers or an FB-22. It could be a non- a way to avoid having to retire some nuclear ICBM or an unmanned attack system. It will be something the Air Force A-10s in order to upgrade others. can start to build in the next few years. Senior leaders, early this year, had Air Combat Command has already competed a functional area assessment that announced that USAF would have to essentially catalogued what capabilities are expected to be in service in 2011, cut its fleet of operational A-10s to based on the Pentagon’s long-range spending plan. Next is a functional needs fund upgrades needed to ensure the analysis to answer the question, “What do we need to do in the future—and Warthog’s long-term viability. (See when?” explained Lt. Col. M.D. Dates, who is leading the assessment for ACC’s “Battlefield Airmen,” April, p. 26.) requirements directorate at Langley AFB, Va. Air Combat Command officials ini- tially thought they might have to re- The functional needs analysis should be completed sometime this summer, when tire half of the fleet. However, Air it will be taken to Goldfein for approval and forwarding to the Joint Staff’s Staff programmers found that ACC requirements council. could help pay for re-engining work if it delayed some A-10 maintenance If everyone agrees on the plan, an analysis of alternatives would begin in Fiscal work until needed, rather than when 2006 so that specific long-range strike solutions can be identified by the end of opportune, according to Inside the 2007. Air Force. Lt. Col. Robert Silva, chief of A-10

10 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004 requirements at ACC, told ITAF that this restructuring of the A-10 work should push a reassessment of the A-10 force structure out to at least Fiscal 2008.

House: More B-1Bs in 2005 The House has approved a mea- sure that would raise by 10 the num- ber of B-1B bombers the Air Force should reclaim from retirement. USAF had planned to restore only seven. The House defense authorization bill says 17 is better. Congress late last year directed the service to restore 23 of the 32 B-1Bs that USAF had retired in 2001. However, Air Force officials said they did not have enough funds to reclaim all of those aircraft. (See “Washington Watch: Bringing Back the Bones,” January, p. 8.)

Remembering President Reagan Ronald Reagan, the 40th US Presi- dent, died June 5. The photo above was taken on Air Force Day, Aug. 1, 1946, in Hollywood. Reagan partici- pated in a coast-to-coast radio broadcast with several other Air Force Association members. He

USAF photo by MSgt. JIm Varhegyi appears with (l to r) Army Air Forces fighter ace Lt. Col. John Meyer, film producer and former AAF Lt. Col. Jack Warner, and actor and former AAF Col. Jimmy Stewart. Reagan, a staunch backer of US armed forces, was a life member of AFA. At left, members of a joint honor guard carry Reagan’s casket to a horse-drawn caisson for the June 9 funeral procession to Capitol Hill. The former President was buried in California on June 11.

In February, Gen. Hal M. Hornburg, tural subassemblies” to the existing Wind-Corrected Munitions Dispenser. commander of Air Combat Command, fleet, so they were no longer viable Officials expect later this year to cer- said USAF had been slightly over- aircraft. “There are 17 that are re- tify the new rack for use with Joint zealous when it cut the B-1B fleet trievable,” said Moseley. Standoff Weapons. from 93 to 60 aircraft. (One B-1B was That means another 10 could be With a software change to the F-16, lost in a crash.) upgraded if USAF had the money. a company news release said, the rack The Air Force decided that, given could also carry 500-pound and 1,000- available funds and current opera- Smart Rack Doubles F-16 Load pound Joint Direct Attack Munitions. tional requirements, it should increase A new “smart” weapons rack al- the B-1B fleet to 67 aircraft. How- lows USAF’s F-16 fighter to carry House Votes To Delay BRAC ever, to restore seven aircraft and four 1,000-pound precision weap- The House in mid-May voted to upgrade them to Block E status, the ons—twice as many as it can at delay the upcoming base realign- service had to add $200 million to the present. ment and closure (BRAC) round for $17 million provided by Congress, The F-16 will be the first fighter to two years, setting up a possible Gen. T. Michael Moseley, USAF vice employ Lockheed Martin’s new BRU- showdown with the Bush Adminis- chief of staff, told lawmakers in early 57 multiple weapon rack. Each device tration. President Bush threatened March. Moseley also said USAF is has two stations equipped with flight to veto the measure if it survives considering other upgrades to the and targeting data interfaces. These the House and Senate conference entire fleet of 67. permit in-flight reprograming of smart on the 2005 defense authorization When pressed about restoring more weapons. bill. B-1Bs, Moseley noted that some had USAF recently certified the rack A similar two-year delay was de- been used to provide “major struc- for use with weapons featuring the feated—narrowly—in the Senate

AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004 11 Aerospace World assigned to the 4th Aircraft Mainte- JFCOM Finds Fratricide an Enduring Problem nance Squadron, Seymour Johnson AFB, N.C. According to a US Joint Forces Command draft review of lessons learned from Operation Iraqi Freedom, fratricide problems during OIF came from a lack of joint Combat Control Gains Members warfighting protocols. This spring, the largest-ever group JFCOM found that DOD has barely begun using joint solutions to prevent of Air Force combat controllers be- friendly fire deaths. As units deployed to Southwest for OIF, there was “no gan training at Pope AFB, N.C. The joint standard” for combat identification and blue force tracking systems, stated class totaled 32 members. Gradu- the review, a copy of which was obtained by Inside the Pentagon. ates will join USAF’s elite group of Many of the systems designed to prevent fratricide were not interoperable. For 360 combat controllers. example, ground forces were deployed with seven different systems unable to Controllers are key links between communicate with each other. US Central Command created an antifratricide operational aircraft and special op- working group to tackle the problem, and four combat ID systems were selected erations forces on the ground. Before as common solutions to eliminate the confusion. attending the 13-week combat control Unfortunately, “the integration problem at CENTCOM headquarters was con- school, a candidate must complete 15 siderably greater,” the report noted. This was because the headquarters had to track air, land, sea—and enemy—forces. The hodgepodge of ID and tracking weeks of USAF air traffic control systems developed and fielded by the individual services was not “born joint.” school, three weeks of Army airborne A problem for the Air Force was that “company-level ground units and most air school, and three weeks of Air Force platforms possessed limited or no capability to develop or share a comprehensive basic survival school training. picture of the friendly ground situation,” increasing the risk of fratricide incidents. The combat control career field is JFCOM said the force needs two immediate improvements. First, “best prac- one of several battlefield airmen cat- tices” developed by CENTCOM must be pushed to the other warfighting com- egories found on USAF’s list of criti- mands. This will keep DOD from having to reinvent the wheel for the next war. cal shortages. Second, fratricide must remain a high priority within JFCOM, which develops joint solutions to warfighting problems. Mobility Forces Get New Codes It also was suggested that JFCOM “examine the feasibility of providing blue The Air Force in May created new and red force tracking information [to] all aerial platforms and to small ground Air Force specialty codes for mobility units.” (See Better ‘Blue Force’ Tracking,” June, p. 66.) pilots and navigators, according to a Officials have previously said that one of the frustrations in OIF was that the service news release. Gone are the smaller units—including individual soldiers and aircraft—often have the greatest old “A” for airlift and “T” for tanker need to know where the friendly forces are, but frequently have only limited designations. Replacing them are a access to such information. common “M” for mobility. According to USAF, all airlift and

Armed Services Committee’s markup of the defense bill. The full Senate was slated to resume work on the 3,600 Troops Deploying From Korea to measure in mid-June. Under current law, a list of pro- The Defense Department announced May 17 that approximately 3,600 posed base closures or realignments troops assigned to the defense of South Korea will rotate to Iraq this is due next year. summer. The move will reduce the US manpower presence in South Some lawmakers tried a similar Korea by nearly 10 percent. delaying move last year, but they were defeated after President Bush Officials said Washington had not decided whether this will be a tempo- declared he would veto the measure rary relocation or a permanent reduction in the 37,000-strong US comple- to ensure BRAC went through on ment in South Korea. The advent of precision weapons and network schedule. The Administration main- warfare, coupled with improvements in intelligence-surveillance-recon- tains that defense infrastructure cuts naissance systems and long-range strike capabilities, has led Pentagon have not kept pace with force cuts, officials to reassess what size force is needed to defend South Korea leaving excess capacity of about 25 against Communist North Korea. percent. At a background briefing on the decision, a senior defense official said On May 19, the White House re- the move was being made in “the context of—and within the bounds of— leased a statement saying the Presi- our entire global posture realignment and discussion process.” dent will “strongly oppose” attempts to “weaken, delay, or repeal” the base The department previously announced plans to move almost all US closing legislation. military forces away from the Demilitarized Zone and Seoul and toward the Osan Air Base area. Airman Dies in Iraq SrA. Pedro I. Espaillat, 20, of Co- “In this new world of increased capabilities, we were able to position ourselves differently throughout the world,” the senior defense official lumbia, Tenn., died May 15 while on duty in Operation Iraqi Freedom. The said. The move will result in “absolutely no diminution of our capabilities Air Force announced that he suc- either in the region or on the Korean Peninsula,” the official added. cumbed to “nonhostile injuries” while US Pacific Command recently rotated a group of B-52 bombers to Guam deployed to Kirkuk Air Base in north- in the western Pacific to bolster PACOM’s firepower in the region. ern Iraq. Espaillat was a weapons loader,

12 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004 Light Airborne RED HORSE Tackles Heavy Work

The Air Force’s new Airborne RED HORSE (ARH) units to be “tailorable” for each mission. Units take only the equip- proved their merit during Operation Iraqi Freedom by quickly ment needed for a mission, because “we’re still trying to get opening numerous airfields for coalition use. lighter,” he said. Three 35-person ARH teams—each containing traditional TSgt. Steve Stanford is a heavy equipment operator with the RED HORSE construction and utility experts plus explosive 823rd RHS, Hurlburt Field, Fla. He was part of the ARH team ordnance disposal (EOD) personnel, firefighters, and nuclear- that opened up Tallil and Baghdad airports to coalition aircraft. biological-chemical defense experts—deployed for Gulf War II. His unit set up the airfield lighting at Tallil and had to repair 11 The units were created after operations in Afghanistan high- bomb craters at Baghdad before aircraft could begin flowing in. lighted the need for a lightweight, rapidly deployable construc- The teams are set up to make temporary repairs. The goal, tion capability. notionally, is to fill a 25-foot bomb crater in eight hours—a patch At Langley AFB, Va., ARH airmen recently poured out of a that would let aircraft use the field until a traditional RED C-17 and demonstrated their ability to rapidly repair a runway HORSE unit arrives to make a permanent fix. In Baghdad’s crater. The airmen described their mission as one of perform- case, Stanford said, commanders needed permanent repairs ing heavy duty repairs with the lightest equipment possible. from ARH. It took longer, but the teams “made it work,” he said. The teams have a “set equipment package” that includes SSgt. Brandon Livingston was with another ARH team that loaders, a backhoe, four-wheel all-terrain vehicles, and a tracked went into northern Iraq. An EOD technician based at Langley, “dump truck.” It is relatively light yet able to withstand airdrops Livingston was on hand for the opening of Bashur and Kirkuk Air and tactical landings on unimproved airstrips. Bases, as well as a third location he declined to name. Coalition ARH airmen, already experts in their fields, undergo addi- aircraft started landing at Kirkuk just 36 hours after his unit tional training, including Army airborne training at Ft. Benning, arrived on-scene, he said. Ga. ARH is highly expeditionary. Livingston, for example, opened Over the years, traditional RED HORSE units became in- three bases but was only in the theater for 52 days. He said that creasingly heavy and, consequently, more difficult to deploy. In ARH teams are designed to “deploy, do the mission, and go on.” December 2001, Gen. John P. Jumper, Chief of Staff, ordered The units were cobbled together in a short time. Training can the creation of ARH, and the airmen had the opportunity to build sometimes be difficult to coordinate, DeShon said. The three their inventory from scratch. ARH teams are based with the permanent RED HORSE units, One benefit, noted MSgt. Mike DeShon, noncommissioned but the supporting components come from other locations. officer in charge of the 819th RED HORSE Squadron, Malmstrom They may eventually consolidate at common locations, DeShon AFB, Mont., is that the airborne units are specifically designed said.

AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004 13 Aerospace World tanker pilots and navigators will get Included in the change is a sepa- Guard Gains New Space Asset the new codes. Air Mobility Com- rate code for pilots of C-130Js. Col. The Florida Air National Guard this mand officials said the change pro- John Clatanoff, chief of AFMC’s op- spring received a new mobile space vides a “generalist” code that fits both erations and training division, said launch tracking system—the Ballis- airlift and tanker officers, making it the C-130J’s unique characteristics tic Missile Range Safety Technol- easier for personnel officials to fill set its pilots apart from those flying ogy (BMRST). It can track rockets mobility aircrew positions. other Hercules variants. launched from Cape Canaveral AFS, News Notes US Joint Forces Command inau- gurated a new Command Senior En- By Tamar A. Mehuron, Associate Editor listed Leader Capstone Joint Opera- tions Module course earlier this year at President Bush nominated Maj. Tiffany Ley, flew excessive approach its Joint Warfighting Center, Norfolk, Gen. John A. Bradley to become the and landing speeds and maintained Va. The new two-day course, which is next chief of Air Force Reserve and too high a thrust for the first few open to all services and allies, is de- commander of Air Force Reserve seconds after touchdown. Instructor signed to help senior enlisted leaders Command. The previous AFRC com- pilot, 1st Lt. Nancy Badgett, engaged understand joint command and control mander, Lt. Gen. James E. Sherrard the emergency brakes but the wet and planning, enabling them to aid III, retired June 1. Maj. Gen. John J. runway sent the Jayhawk into a skid. joint task force headquarters. JFCOM Batbie Jr., AFRC vice commander, is Both officers are assigned to the 86th expects to create an expanded pro- acting commander, pending Bradley’s Flying Training Squadron, Laughlin gram in the near future. confirmation. AFB, Tex. Neither was injured, but Air Force Reserve Command Northrop Grumman won an $88 the aircraft had an estimated $2.5 stood up the 710th Combat Opera- million contract April 30 to develop a million in damage. tions Squadron last fall and, this demonstration radar system for the Two F-15E crew members ejected spring, began seeking individuals to E-10 aircraft. The contract also in- safely after their aircraft crashed near man the new unit whose mission will cludes delivery of three radars for Roanoke, Va., on May 6. Assigned to be to deploy worldwide within 72 hours Global Hawk unmanned aerial ve- the 4th Fighter Wing, Seymour Johnson to help manage an air campaign. The hicles. Work is to be completed by AFB, N.C., the pilot, Capt. Darren Wees, 710th, headquartered at Langley AFB, May 2010. and the weapon systems officer, Capt. Va., expects to have 129 members, The last Atlas II rocket rolled out Daniel Spier, walked away from the including 21 full-time reservists, one from Lockheed Martin’s Denver facil- crash. USAF officials are investigating full-time civilian, and 107 traditional ity May 14. Production now shifts to the cause of the accident. reservists. AFRC has a similar unit, Atlas V, one of the two new heavy Lockheed Martin, on May 5, re- the 701st COS, March ARB, Calif., lifters partially financed under USAF’s ceived a $53 million increment of a but its focus is to support only the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle $200 million contract to develop a Pacific theater. program. The Atlas II series achieved Joint Common Missile for Army, Navy, USAF took many honors in the 61 successful missions in 13 years. and Marine Corps aircraft. The air-to- Secretary of Defense’s annual envi- This last Atlas II was slated, on June ground missile will replace the cur- ronmental awards for 2003, announced 30, to boost a national security satel- rent Hellfire, Longbow, and Maverick in May. The natural resources con- lite into orbit from Cape Canaveral, systems. Full production begins in servation award for small installations Fla. 2011. The Pentagon expects to buy went to Columbus AFB, Miss., and for On May 6, NASA selected Maj. 54,000. an individual to Gregory Lee, 347th James P. Dutton Jr., an F/A-22 test A landing gear malfunction, on Civil Engineer Squadron, Moody AFB, pilot, as one of two new space shuttle May 10, caused the pilot of a T-6A Ga. Robins AFB, Ga., won the indus- pilots. The other was Marine Corps trainer, assigned to Randolph AFB, trial installation award for pollution Maj. Randolph J. Bresnik. NASA also Tex., to land it with gear up at Kelly prevention. Environmental restoration selected Navy Lt. Cmdr. Christopher Field Annex, Tex. The two crew mem- awards went to Tinker AFB, Okla., J. Cassidy and Army Maj. Robert S. bers were unharmed. and the 45th Space Wing, Patrick AFB, Kimbrough, as mission specialists. Earlier this year, several parts of Fla. Aeronautical Systems Center, Shuttle flights resume in spring 2005. the historic XC-99 were airlifted by a Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, won the Lockheed Martin finished the criti- C-5 from the 433rd Airlift Wing, Lack- environmental excellence in weapon cal design review phase of the Ad- land AFB, Tex., to the Air Force Mu- system acquisition team award. vanced Extremely High Frequency seum at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, Air Force officials honored re- (AEHF) satellite communications sys- where the XC-99 will be restored. tired CMSgt. Wayne Fisk, a parares- tem and began production this spring, (See “Big Fella,” February, p. 70.) cueman, by renaming a park at Gunter according to a company news re- The huge airlifter has to be taken Annex, Maxwell AFB, Ala., after him lease. AEHF, which is scheduled for apart sequentially, as it was built, and dedicating a monument to his launch in early 2007, will replace the and will be delivered in three phases. career. Fisk, who was at the April 28 Milstar communications system. USAF awarded a seven-year con- ceremony, earned two Silver Stars, a Investigators found that an Aug. tract to CPI Aerostructures, Edge- Defense Superior Service Medal, a 16, 2003, accident in which a T-1A wood, N.Y., worth $214.8 million, to , two Distinguished trainer ran off the runway at Keesler supply spares of 100 wing-related Flying Crosses, and 18 Air Medals. AFB, Miss., was caused by several components for C-5 aircraft. Work is The park is next to the Enlisted Heri- pilot errors. The student pilot, 2nd Lt. to be completed by May 2012. tage Hall museum.

14 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004 Fla., and assist in their destruction, if necessary. The Iraq Story Continues The Honeywell-built system will be operated by the 114th Combat Communications Squadron and the Casualties 114th Range Flight. The BMRST By May 24, a total of 797 Americans had died while supporting Operation Iraqi system consists of a control van and Freedom. This included 795 troops and two Defense Department contractors. Of two trailer-mounted tracking anten- those casualties, 582 were killed in action, while the other 215 died in noncombat incidents, such as accidents. nas. President Bush declared major combat operations in Iraq complete on May 1, According to Lt. Col. Rembert 2003. Since that time, 657 troops have died in Iraq: 471 in combat and 186 in Schofield, 114th CCS commander, nonhostile incidents. The two DOD civilians were killed this year, also in the line a mobile system is the most efficient of duty. solution for space-launch tracking needs. “As opposed to keeping a seldom-used tracking site opened Airpower Proves Utility in Urban Setting Air Force AC-130 Spectre gunships played a major role in the attack on and manned year-round, you can Fallujah that preceded the US negotiated cease-fire in that city. use this system ... and only use it On April 27, aircraft and ground units were sent into Fallujah to quell a and pay for it when you need it,” he continued violent uprising in the city. That night, Marines saw enemy forces in said. two vehicles dropping off bundles in intersections—a pattern that previously had preceded attacks on coalition forces. The AC-130 and helicopters were Airmen Express Satisfaction called in. They attacked the vehicles and followed the occupants to a nearby The 2003 Air Force Climate Sur- building. The aircraft then attacked the building. vey, completed by more than half of Army Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, deputy operations director in Iraq, said the the members of the Total Force, found building contained a “large amount” of munitions and that “secondary explosions” continued for about 20 minutes after the air strike. that airmen are generally satisfied in By April 29, reported the New York Times, three days of air strikes against areas such as job characteristics, Fallujah had destroyed at least 10 buildings and two occupied “sniper nests” in resources, values, and unit cohesion. the city. Air Force F-15E and F-16 fighters also struck targets, as did Navy F/A- Overall, 78 percent of respondents 18s and F-14s. expressed general job satisfaction. Results showed improvement in two longtime problem areas: recognition Coalition Finds 8,700 Arms Caches Coalition forces in Iraq have found more than 8,700 arms caches scattered of exceptional performance and man- throughout the country. Remnants of the former regime continue to complicate agement of time, people, and equip- security efforts in the country. ment. “We continue to find them” said USAF Gen. Richard B. Myers, Chairman of the A USAF news release said that, Joint Chiefs of Staff, of the weapons dumps. “We’re up over 8,700 now, and tens while these areas “continue to score are found every week,” he told the Senate Appropriations Committee May 12. low in the survey,” rankings in both Myers said the US has more then 6,000 people devoted to the task of finding cases “have continued to increase.” and eliminating the arms caches, a total that includes both military personnel and The climate areas in which airmen contractors. showed the highest satisfaction were The vast number of weapons sites across Iraq has made it easier for insurgents and terrorists to obtain the weapons that have been used to deadly effect against unit performance (94 percent satis- coalition forces and members of the nascent Iraqi government. faction), job characteristics (92 per- cent), core values (87 percent), team-

work (86 percent), and team mem- Sarin Found in Roadside Iraq Bomb bers going above and beyond the call of duty (86 percent). An artillery shell used as a roadside bomb contained the nerve agent sarin, Defense Department officials said May 17. The bomb, referred to as an impro- New AFRC Unit Supplies Haiti vised explosive device (IED), was used to attack a military convoy traveling near Air Force Reserve Command acti- Baghdad. vated the 84th Aerial Port Squadron US troops discovered the IED intact, but it detonated before an explosives at Greenville, S.C., in January and team could disable it, said Army Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, deputy operations deployed it to Haiti in April. The Re- director in Iraq. servists are supporting Operation When it exploded, the device released a small amount of sarin, causing the two soldiers minor injuries consistent with low-level exposure to the gas. Secure Tomorrow—the DOD mission Kimmitt explained that this sarin shell was a “binary chemical projectile,” to provide stability and security to meaning it had two chambers filled with different chemicals, which, when mixed, Haiti. create sarin. When used as an IED, the mixing is incomplete, creating what the The new unit, normally assigned to general described as “very small traces” of sarin. Charleston AFB, S.C., is managing He said it was unlikely the perpetrators knew the artillery shell contained the the aerial flow of supplies into and deadly gas. out of Haiti for US forces. Saddam Hussein’s defunct regime had used chemical weapons against Iran in The Reservists run a well-re- the 1980s during the Iran- and against the Kurdish minority in northern hearsed drill when aircraft land at the Iraq in the 1990s. Kimmitt noted that “the former regime had declared all such rounds destroyed before the 1991 Gulf War.” Port-au-Prince airport. They unload The Associated Press reported that roughly 20 percent of Hussein’s chemical the inbound cargo and upload any weapons production was of sarin-type agents. The Wall Street Journal further outbound materiel within a matter of reported that, earlier in May, US forces had found Iraqi insurgents with a shell that minutes, as the aircraft’s engines are contained inert mustard gas. running. As soon as the aircraft lands and

AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004 15 16 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004 Aerospace World “the door comes open, we attack,” said SrA. Alex Lowell Henson, a fork- “Victory Through Air Power” Returns lift operator. There is “no shutting the engines down—we just slam it and “Victory Through Air Power,” the theatrical film said to have go,” he said. strongly influenced the thinking of Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt on how to fight World War II, has been reissued by Task Force Pushes Changes the Walt Disney Co. on DVD. The film has only rarely been A Defense Department task force shown since its 1943 release and has never been offered for charged with strengthening preven- sale. tion of sexual assault and improving The “Victory Through Air Power” film was Disney’s adapta- the response to such crimes deter- tion of the 1942 book by aviation pioneer Alexander P. de mined that DOD lacked a compre- Seversky. In that book, he made the case that long-range hensive plan for dealing with the prob- aircraft could take the fight to the enemy homeland and lem. hasten the end of the war. Ellen Embrey, task force direc- De Seversky appears in the film, explaining his theories. tor, recommended that the depart- (See “Sasha the Salesman,” August 2003, p. 74.) Addi- ment create a single DOD office tional archival footage of Maj. Gen. Billy Mitchell and others is responsible for sexual assault is- included. Accompanying material describes the making of the movie. sues. Embrey said this office should The film is included in a Disney wartime films retrospective titled “On the Front develop departmentwide policies Lines.” It comprises 32 short subjects ranging from war production training films and help the services and combat- (e.g. “Four Methods of Flush Riveting”) to numerous educational and propaganda ant commanders institutionalize the cartoons starring various Disney cartoon characters. Disney’s company was given new policies. over almost completely to making such films during the war, and they were a key Defense Secretary Donald H. Rums- element in bond drives. feld created the task force in Febru- Disney is issuing 250,000 sets of “On the Front Lines,” which lists for $32.00. Major ary in response to reports of sexual book and video retailers are carrying the set, which was released in May. assaults in Iraq and Kuwait. According to a May 14 statement, —John A. Tirpak the task force concluded that “DOD policies and standards focus on sexual harassment, not assault; com- manders don’t have the guidance, program, and there is no “cohesive recommendations are already being resources, [or an] emphasis on pre- program” for the department as a implemented. vention and response; and efforts to whole. hold offenders accountable are not The system that is used to report, CV-22 Flies Multiship Test apparent, due to Privacy Act con- respond to, and investigate sexual USAF conducted the first CV-22 cerns.” assault must be made timely and sen- Osprey multi-aircraft interoperability Further, each military service runs sitive to victim needs, Embrey said. sorties this spring, according to a its own sexual assault prevention She noted that some of the task force’s news release from Air Force Special

Senior Staff Changes

RETIREMENTS: Brig. Gen. Richard J. Casey, Maj. Gen. David Orgn., DCS, Warfighting Integration, USAF, Arlington, Va. ... F. MacGhee Jr., Maj. Gen. James E. Sandstrom, Brig. Gen. Brig. Gen. (sel.) Jack B. Egginton, from Cmdr., 379th AEW, James M. Shamess, Lt. Gen. Tome H. Walters Jr. ACC, Al Udeid AB, Qatar, to Cmdr., 325th FW, AETC, Tyndall AFB, Fla. ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Gregory A. Feest, from Dep. Dir., NOMINATIONS: To be General: Bruce A. Carlson. To be Lieu- Rqmts., ACC, Langley AFB, Va., to Cmdr., 379th AEW, ACC, Al tenant General: Michael W. Wooley, Jeffrey B. Kohler, Henry Udeid AB, Qatar ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Blair E. Hansen, from Cmdr., A. Obering III, John F. Regni. To be Brigadier General: Guy K. 366th FW, ACC, Mountain Home AFB, Idaho, to Cmdr., 332nd Dahlbeck. AEW, ACC, Balad AB, Iraq ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Stephen L. Hoog, from Asst. Dir., Aerospace Ops., ACC, Langley AFB, Va., to To be AFRC Lieutenant General: John A. Bradley. Cmdr., Air & Space Expeditionary Force Ctr., ACC, Langley AFB, Va. ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Jan Marc Jouas, from Cmdr., 354th FW, CHANGES: Brig. Gen. (sel.) C.D. Alston, from Cmdr., 341st PACAF, Eielson AFB, Alaska, to Cmdr., 18th Wg., PACAF, SW, AFSPC, Malmstrom AFB, Mont., to Dep. Dir., Ops., AFSPC, Kadena AB, Japan ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Robin Rand, from Cmdr., Peterson AFB, Colo. ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Thomas K. Andersen, 8th FW, PACAF, Kunsan AB, South Korea, to Cmdr., 56th FW, from Exec. Asst. to Cmdr., STRATCOM, Offutt AFB, Neb., to Dir., AETC, Luke AFB, Ariz. ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Robert Yates, from Intel., STRATCOM, Offutt AFB, Neb. ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Michael Cmdr., 27th FW, ACC, Cannon AFB, N.M., to Asst. Dir., Aero- J. Basla, from Dir., Comm., Info. & CIO, AMC, Scott AFB, Ill., to space Ops., ACC, Langley AFB, Va. Dep. Dir., Ops. Spt. Modernization, DCS, Warfighting Integra- tion, USAF, Pentagon ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Guy K. Dahlbeck, from SENIOR EXECUTIVE SERVICE RETIREMENTS: James C. DCS, NORAD, NORTHCOM, Peterson AFB, Colo., to Dir., Policy Barone, Lyle H. Schwartz. & Planning, NORTHCOM, Peterson AFB, Colo. ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Charles R. Davis, from Cmdr., 412th Test Wg., AFMC, SES CHANGES: Michael A. Aimone, to Asst. DCS, Instl. & Log., Edwards AFB, Calif., to Dep. Dir., JSF Prgm., USD AT&L, USAF, Pentagon ... Bobby W. Smart, to Dir., Info. Dominance Pentagon ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) Daniel R. Dinkins Jr., from Dir., Prgms., Asst. SECAF (Acq.), Pentagon ... John J. Thrasher III, Resource Planning, DCS, Warfighting Integration, USAF, Penta- to Principal Dep. Staff Judge Advocate, AFMC, Wright-Patterson gon, to Dir., Single Integrated Air Picture Sys. Engineering AFB, Ohio. ■

AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004 17 Aerospace World

many Air Force enlisted aircraft main- Eglin Eyes New Weapons Range tenance personnel have earned Fed- eral Aviation Administration certifi- Officials at Eglin AFB, Fla., hope to secure a new range for testing cation through a new Community advanced long-range weapons through their full flight envelopes. Weap- College of the Air Force (CCAF) pro- ons such as the Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile and the Small gram. The FAA credentials will make Diameter Bomb need more space than existing ranges can offer, they the maintainers more attractive to say. private sector employers. TSgt. Mark Faught, Ramstein AB, “The nation does not have a test range where our most modern weapons Germany, and TSgt. Jeffrey Gunson, can be tested in an operationally representative manner,” noted Col. California Air National Guard, are the Robert Nolan, commander of Eglin’s 46th Test Wing. first airmen to be certified under the The wing soon will have access to new offshore testing capabilities that CCAF’s Air Force Airframe and Power- will meet some of the demand. Still, Nolan said, “Certain weapons will plant Certification Program. USAF need to impact land-based targets.” officials said there are more than 3,200 maintainers in the program now. This requirement has led to what is known as the Big Bend Range Even a maintainer with 20 years of Initiative, an effort to secure a one-square-mile impact area in the aircraft maintenance experience sparsely populated “bend” of Florida—southeast of Tallahassee and would benefit, said J.R. Breeding, west of Gainesville. Such a range would be operated by Eglin but would chief of CCAF licensing programs. “If be hundreds of miles removed from the base proper. The area has a low they don’t have the credentials to population density, limited air and shipping traffic, and almost no devel- back it up, the chances to market opment along the coast, said officials. themselves are greatly reduced,” he explained. The Air Force wants to build trust with the nearby communities and work Gunson said the first question he out a cooperative agreement, said Eglin spokeswoman Lt. Mae-Li Allison. was asked by prospective employers All the land under consideration is currently owned by local citizens, was whether he had certification. Allison noted. While the service would like to get the range land as “Now that I have successfully com- quickly as possible, a final site decision will probably not be made this pleted all FAA exams, I feel I’ll now year. be very well positioned after retire- Once a location is approved, USAF will move to a demonstration phase ment,” the sergeant said. before finalizing plans. Obituary Retired Col. Robert Morgan, pilot of the famed World War II B-17 bomber Operations Command. The test was Air Force Space Command on May Memphis Belle, died May 15 in Ashe- successful. 7 announced the challenge winners. ville, N.C., at the age of 85. Morgan The April 19 mission comprised The top awards are the Blanchard successfully piloted his B-17 through two CV-22 tilt-rotors and was per- Trophy for best ICBM wing, Aldridge 25 dangerous daytime bombing runs formed “to ensure that one aircraft’s Trophy for best space operations against Nazi Germany. multimode radar did not interfere wing, and Schriever Trophy for best Memphis Belle was the first Army with the other aircraft’s multimode spacelift wing. The 91st Space Wing, Air Forces bomber to complete 25 radar while conducting terrain-fol- Minot AFB, N.D., earned the Blan- missions, and its crew returned to the lowing operations,” said Maj. Greg chard; 21st SW, Peterson AFB, in 1943 for promotional Weber, CV-22 government flight- Colo., took the Aldridge; and 45th purposes. test director. SW, Patrick AFB, Fla., captured the Later in the war, Morgan returned The CV-22’s radar software recog- Schriever. to combat as a B-29 pilot against Ja- nizes a variety of terrains and adjusts pan. Morgan’s first combat mission in flight profiles accordingly. In flight Airmen Earn FAA Certification the Pacific Theater was also the first over rough terrain, the computer must The first two of what is likely to be B-29 attack directed against Tokyo.■ be able to order a safe climb profile, Weber explained. The CV-22, which combines the Index to Advertisers flying characteristics of both a heli- copter and a prop aircraft, is being developed to transport AFSOC’s Agusta Westland...... 3 commandos into and out of war Air Force Memorial Foundation ...... 63 zones. AT&T...... 16 Bell Helicopter...... 29 Guardian Challenge Returns General Atomics ...... Cover IV The 37th edition of the Air Force’s Harris ...... 13 premier space and missile competi- Lockheed Martin ...... Cover II Northrop Grumman ...... 9, 35, Cover III tion—Guardian Challenge—came to TEAC ...... 49 an end May 6. More than 200 active duty, Guard, Reserve, and civilian AEF Planned Giving ...... 84 competitors participated in Guardian AFA Air & Space Conference & Technology Exposition ...... 77 Challenge 2004 at Vandenberg AFB, AFA on the Green ...... 85 Calif. AFA Member Services ...... 81

18 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 2004