DOCSLIB.ORG

Use of Macrophyte Treatment Systems for Water Quality Improvement in Singapore

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Use of Macrophyte Treatment Systems for Water Quality Improvement in Singapore Use of Macrophyte Treatment Systems for Water Quality Improvement in Singapore C.H. Sim, B.S. Quek and W.J. Lu PUB Singapore 1 3rd IWA Symposium on Lake and Reservoir Management (3 to 7 August, 2015) Outline • ABC waters programme • Catchment approach in water quality improvement • Examples of wetland projects • Wetland planting in reservoirs • Wetland planting in golf courses and parks • River restoration project at Kallang river Bishan park • Current research areas • Future research areas 2 Singapore’s unique urban water loop • We have to tap on all sources of water within the water loop/cycle • Today, Singapore collects water on 2/3 of our land area • Each drop of rainwater falling on our catchment is important for water supply = Singapore’s local sources of water supply 3 Introduction to ABC Waters Programme Launched in 2006 to transform Singapore’s network of drains, canals and reservoirs into vibrant and beautiful streams, rivers and lakes. ABC waters management strategy to apply at catchment level A. ACTIVE New recreational spaces B. BEAUTIFUL Integration of waters with urban landscape C. CLEAN - Improved water quality 4 Catchment Approach in Water Quality Improvement • Placement of small treatment units in strategic locations to intercept nutrient loads – Different diffuse and point sources – Agricultural, industrial, residential areas – Stagnant water areas Restoration of Waterways- Island wide implementation of different types of natural plant treatment units 5 ABC Waters Programme: The Blue Map with projects islandwide • Development of ABC Waters master plan and project implementation • Promote adoption by public agencies/private developers 6 Stormwater quality objectives for Singapore • The performance targets of ABC Waters design features are directed at the protection of urban waterbodies in Singapore. • It is desirable that new developments incorporate ABC Waters management strategies that address the impact of the developments on the water that flows into our waterways and reservoirs. Pollutant Stormwater treatment objectives Total Suspended Solids 80% removal or less than 10 mg/L (90% of all storm events) Total Nitrogen 45% removal or less than 1.2 mg/L (90% of all storm events) Total Phosphorus 45% removal or less than 0.08 mg/L (90% of all storm events) 7 ABC waters design features Vegetated Swales Sedimentation basins Vegetated swales remove soil particles and convey stormwater via overland flow and mild slopes. Bioretention Swales Sedimentation basins are ponds that provide temporary retention and a reduction of stormwater flow velocity to promote the settling of particles by gravity. Cleansing biotope Bioretention swales are vegetated swales with temporary ponding (extended detention) to facilitate infiltration. Bioretention Basins/ Rain gardens Cleansing biotopes are a form of artificially constructed wetlands with recirculation. Bioretention basins are vegetated land depressions designed to detain and treat stormwater runoff. 8 Wetlands completed under Phase 1 of ABC Waters Programme 1. Alexandra Canal Wetlands – demonstration of 4 different systems 2. Grove Drive Wetlands – pilot site for surface flow wetland 3. Jurong Lake Floating Wetland 4. Pandan Floating Wetland 5. Sengkang Floating Wetland 6. Yishun Pond Floating Wetland and Marshland Lorong Halus Wetland 7. Lorong Halus Wetland – treatment wetland with subsurface flow and surface flow wetlands Grove Drive Wetland Sengkang Floating Wetland 9 Alexandra Canal wetlands – demonstration site of wetland designs • Located in upper reaches of the Singapore River. • 200m stretch of the open waterway decked over to construct wetlands. • Water is pumped from the canal into the wetlands for treatment by plants and filter media, then channelled to the rock scape garden and back into the canal, eventually ending up in Marina Reservoir. Surface flow wetland Aquatic plant pond Sedimentation pond Sub-surface flow wetland Floating Wetland Systems Introduction of floating wetlands in reservoirs and stormwater ponds for water quality improvement Pandan Reservoir and Jurong Lake Floating Wetlands Sengkang Floating Wetland in Punggol Reservoir Yishun Pond Floating Wetlands 11 Sengkang Floating Wetland • Sengkang Floating Wetland is Singapore’s largest manmade floating wetland (2400m2). • Completed on 7 Nov 2010. • Main functions are to clean the reservoir water, improve aesthetics, and create new spaces for recreation. • Pedestrian bridge and floating boardwalk were constructed to allow the public a closer look at the wetland while minimizing disturbance to the plants and wildlife. 12 Plant selection • There are 8 planted islands with 18,500 numbers of 18 species of wetland plants. • Chosen for their cleansing and aesthetic properties • Plants absorb nutrient and pollutants through their roots • The selected species include tall emergent such as Typha angustifolia, Canna glauca, Cyperus alternifolius, Cyperus haspan, Pandanus amaryllifolius and ground cover Bacopa monnieri, Hydrocotyle asiatica and Ipomoea pes-caprae. 13 Yishun Pond Floating Wetland and Marshland (local design) • Located beside Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, in Yishun stormwater pond. • Pond area 4.8 ha, wetland area 3,000m2, completed in Jan 2011 • Marshland around the shore softens the edges of the pond while the aquatic plants uptake nutrients in the water. • It also provides a natural habitat for fishes and birds. Local system by Tropical Environment Pte Ltd, Singapore 14 Wetland Planting in Reservoirs and Catchments . Competes for nutrients in the water to control the growth of algae and invasive weeds . Improves water quality by removing contaminants such as heavy metals . Increases the aesthetics of the area Lotus conservation site Cattails Spike rush Hanguana Wetland Planting in and around the Reservoir Water banana Ludwigia adscendens beds Kangkung Ipomoea aquatica along the bank Knotgrass Polygonum island Optimal management of submerged plants in reservoirs Reservoirs with abundant aquatic plants have lower nutrients (TN<0.3 mg/L and chlorophyll-a <5 g/L) and high water clarity (>2.5m) Mayaca fluviatilis Hydrilla verticillata Wetland Planting in Golf Courses Wetland planting in golf courses is actively encouraged to reduce nutrient leaching and filter runoff from the turf. Wetland in Sengkang riverside Park • 1 ha wetlands/ponds in a 21 ha park along Punggol Reservoir • ABC Waters Certified site • Filters rainwater naturally (runoff sedimentation basin macrophyte zone pond overflow sump reservoir) • Acts as habitat for wildlife Source: NParks.gov.sg 19 Wetland planting in Gardens by the Bay (GBB) • City in a Garden Natural filter - wetlands and reed beds • Area 101 ha • Completed in 2012 • 3 waterfront gardens • 163,000 plants Filter beds along dragonfly lake Lake edge filter beds along dragonfly lake Photo Credits: Gardens By the Bay (NParks) 20 Kallang River Ang Mo Kio Bishan Park Singapore’s 1st large-scale river restoration project • Bishan Park: 62ha • Completed in 2012 • 3 km long naturalised river meandering through the park, flows to Marina Reservoir • Integration of river with park using floodplain concept • Combination of vegetation, natural materials such as rocks, and civil engineering techniques to stabilise the bank Kallang River Ang Mo Kio Bishan Park Cleansing biotope Improving water quality through water plants (SUTD) • The use of water plants to reduce excessive nutrient levels at waterways. • Plants were contained within stainless steel floating platform structures 6 m X 6m, supported by simple buoyancy fittings with a slip-proof connecting platform and netting. • Water hyacinth had an average N removal rate of 125.7 mg per plant, and an average P removal rate of 7.5 mg per plant 23 In-stream wetlands for water quality enhancement in storm water canals - A field demonstration project (NUS-Deltares) • To implement at waterways with higher nutrient inflows and with excess freeboard to prevent flooding. • To improve water quality before catchment runoff enters the reservoirs • Compliment implementation of upstream treatment measures, especially for treating dry weather flow. Advanced Bioretention Systems to Minimize Nutrient Loads • Dr. William C. Lucas (Integrated Land Management) and Prof. Margaret Greenway (Griffith University) • Project Objectives: • Determine mass load, specific nutrient retention rates and percentage of nutrients retained with advanced bioretention system, • Quantify life-cycle costs of removing these nutrients from a test site of a given area, • Evaluate the nutrient uptake potential of different tropical plant species. • Operational Application: • To testbed the effectiveness of using an advanced bioretention system to improve water quality from agricultural runoff • To evaluate different tropical plant species' ability to grow in the advanced media mix (consisting mainly of water treatment residue) and their nutrient uptake potential 25 New research areas • Reservoir rehabilitation/remediation using macrophytes (rooted submerged and emergents) • Understanding microbial communities in water/sediment/plants for bioremediation • Using biofilter materials for nutrient removal References 1. B.S. Quek, Q.H. He and C.H. Sim. 2014. Performance of a pilot showcase of different wetland systems in an urban setting. Water Science and Technology 71.8. pp. 1158-1164. 2. W. K. Yau, G. S. Ong, R. B. E. Shutes and C.H. Sim. 2014. Treatment of stormwater by a pilot surface flow wetland in Singapore. IWA conference on wetland systems for water pollution control,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Introducing the Museum Roundtable
    P. 2 P. 3 Introducing the Hello! Museum Roundtable Singapore has a whole bunch of museums you might not have heard The Museum Roundtable (MR) is a network formed by of and that’s one of the things we the National Heritage Board to support Singapore’s museum-going culture. We believe in the development hope to change with this guide. of a museum community which includes audience, museum practitioners and emerging professionals. We focus on supporting the training of people who work in We’ve featured the (over 50) museums and connecting our members to encourage members of Singapore’s Museum discussion, collaboration and partnership. Roundtable and also what you Our members comprise over 50 public and private can get up to in and around them. museums and galleries spanning the subjects of history and culture, art and design, defence and technology In doing so, we hope to help you and natural science. With them, we hope to build a ILoveMuseums plan a great day out that includes community that champions the role and importance of museums in society. a museum, perhaps even one that you’ve never visited before. Go on, they might surprise you. International Museum Day #museumday “Museums are important means of cultural exchange, enrichment of cultures and development of mutual understanding, cooperation and peace among peoples.” — International Council of Museums (ICOM) On (and around) 18 May each year, the world museum community commemorates International Museum Day (IMD), established in 1977 to spread the word about the icom.museum role of museums in society. Be a part of the celebrations – look out for local IMD events, head to a museum to relax, learn and explore.
    [Show full text]
  • Jewel Skyline
    experience A newsletter of the Singapore Cooperation Programme July - September 2012 ISSUE 44 JEWEL in the SKYLINE MEGA PARK GARDENS BY THE BAY IS A FANTASY IN BLOOM GREEN WITH A PURPOSE THE MAKEOVER OF SINGAPORE’S PARKS REBUILDING A COMMUNITY A HELPING HAND FOR PAKISTAN’S FLOOD VICTIMS FOREWORD QUOTES FROM READERS’ LETTERS n our last issue of Experience Singapore, we revealed Singapore’s plans to “Thank you for the April-June issue of Experience Singapore. I collect all the issues transform from a “Garden City” to a “City in A Garden”. We provide more details that you send me. Any latest news of in this issue. Our cover story Jewel Of A Park is dedicated to Singapore’s new Singapore never fails to impress me. When I Gardens By The Bay which was offi cially opened by Prime Minister Lee Hsien saw the latest cover, my mind went back to ILoong on 28 June 2012. The Gardens, which took 8 years to complete, are set to the Chinese cultural centre in Chinatown – it become an intrinsic part of Singapore’s new downtown. was one of the most striking places I visited in Singapore four years ago.” Outside of the city, the rejuvenation of our community parks is also well underway. In Beautifying With A Purpose, fi nd out how a utilitarian canal in Premachanda Abeywickrama Danapala, Sri Lanka Bishan-Ang Mo Kio park was transformed into a beautiful waterway employing natural bioengineering techniques to keep the water clean. This issue also explores how Singapore NGO Mercy Relief recently completed a “After my wonderful experience in Singapore, project to reconstruct homes for the people in the village of Wazir Ali Jat in Pakistan, where I had the opportunity to participate in the SCP course ‘Enhancing Pedagogy Skills For who were displaced in the nation’s worst-ever fl ood.
    [Show full text]
  • Living Water
    LIVING WITH WATER: LIVING WITH WATER: LESSONS FROM SINGAPORE AND ROTTERDAM Living with Water: Lessons from Singapore and Rotterdam documents the journey of two unique cities, Singapore and Rotterdam—one with too little water, and the other with too LESSONS FROM SINGAPORE AND ROTTERDAM LESSONS much water—in adapting to future climate change impacts. While the WITH social, cultural, and physical nature of these cities could not be more different, Living with Water: Lessons from Singapore and Rotterdam LIVING captures key principles, insights and innovative solutions that threads through their respective adaptation WATER: strategies as they build for an LESSONS FROM uncertain future of sea level rise and intense rainfall. SINGAPORE AND ROTTERDAM LIVING WITH WATER: LESSONS FROM SINGAPORE AND ROTTERDAM CONTENTS About the organisations: v • About the Centre for Liveable Cities v • About the Rotterdam Office of Climate Adaptation v Foreword by Minister for National Development, Singapore vi Foreword by Mayor of Rotterdam viii Preface by the Executive Director, Centre for Liveable Cities x For product information, please contact 1. Introduction 1 +65 66459576 1.1. Global challenges, common solutions 1 Centre for Liveable Cities 1.2. Distilling and sharing knowledge on climate-adaptive cities 6 45 Maxwell Road #07-01 The URA Centre 2. Living with Water: Rotterdam and Singapore 9 Singapore 069118 2.1. Rotterdam’s vision 9 [email protected] 2.1.1. Rotterdam’s approach: Too Much Water 9 2.1.2. Learning to live with more water 20 Cover photo: 2.2. A climate-resilient Singapore 22 Rotterdam (Rotterdam Office of Climate Adaptation) and “Far East Organisation Children’s Garden” flickr photo by chooyutshing 2.2.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Waste Minimization & Recycling in Singapore
    2016 World Waste to Energy City Summit Sustainable Singapore – Waste Management and Waste-to-Energy in a global city 11 May 2016 Kan Kok Wah Chief Engineer Waste & Resource Management Department National Environment Agency Singapore Outline 1. Singapore’s Solid Waste Management System 2. Key Challenges & Opportunities 3. Waste-to-Energy (WTE) and Resource Recovery 4. Next Generation WTE plants 2 Singapore Country and a City-State Small Land Area 719.1 km2 Dense Urban Setting 5.54 mil population Limited Natural Resources 3 From Past to Present From Direct landfilling From 1st waste-to-energy plant Ulu Pandan (1979) Lim Chu Kang Choa Chu Kang Tuas (1986) Tuas South (2000) Lorong Halus …to Offshore landfill Senoko (1992) Keppel Seghers (2009) 4 Overview of Solid Waste Management System Non-Incinerable Waste Collection Landfill 516 t/d Domestic Total Waste Generated 21,023 t/d Residential Trade 2% Incinerable Waste Recyclable Waste 7,886 t/d 12,621 t/d 38% 60% Ash 1,766 t/d Reduce Reuse Total Recycled Waste 12,739 t/d Metals Recovered 61% 118 t/d Industries Businesses Recycling Waste-to-Energy Non-Domestic Electricity 2,702 MWh/d 2015 figures 5 5 Key Challenges – Waste Growth and Land Scarcity Singapore’s waste generation increased about 7 folds over the past 40 years Index At this rate of waste growth… 4.00 New waste-to-energy GDP 7-10 years 3.00 Current Population: 5.54 mil Land Area: 719 km2 Semakau Landfill Population Density : 7,705 per km2 ~2035 2.00 Population 30-35 years New offshore landfill 1.00 Waste Disposal 8,402 tonnes/day (2015)
    [Show full text]
  • 2 Parks & Waterbodies Plan
    SG1 Parks & Waterbodies Plan AND IDENTITY PLAN S UBJECT G ROUP R EPORT O N PARKS & WATERBODIES PLAN AND R USTIC C OAST November 2002 SG1 SG1 S UBJECT G ROUP R EPORT O N PARKS & WATERBODIES PLAN AND R USTIC C OAST November 2002 SG1 SG1 SG1 i 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Parks & Waterbodies Plan and the Identity Plan present ideas and possibilities on how we can enhance our living environment by making the most of our natural assets like the greenery and waterbodies and by retaining places with local identity and history. The two plans were put to public consultation from 23 July 2002 to 22 October 2002. More than 35,000 visited the exhibition, and feedback was received from about 3,600 individuals. Appointment of Subject Groups 1.2 3 Subject Groups (SGs) were appointed by Minister of National Development, Mr Mah Bow Tan as part of the public consultation exercise to study proposals under the following areas: a. Subject Group 1: Parks and Waterbodies Plan and the Rustic Coast b. Subject Group 2: Urban Villages and Southern Ridges & Hillside Villages c. Subject Group 3: Old World Charm 1.3 The SG members, comprising professionals, representatives from interest groups and lay people were tasked to study the various proposals for the 2 plans, conduct dialogue sessions with stakeholders and consider public feedback, before making their recommendations to URA on the proposals. Following from the public consultation exercise, URA will finalise the proposals and incorporate the major land use changes and ideas into the Master Plan 2003.
    [Show full text]
  • Forging Ahead
    FY2019 Annual Report FORGING AHEAD DELIVERING WORLD-CLASS PRIMARY CARE FORGING AHEAD The National Healthcare Group Polyclinics’ (NHGP) Annual Report FY2019, titled ‘Forging Ahead’, showcases our journey in delivering quality primary care. To provide care that is world-class, we must be prepared to challenge old ideas and break new ground. The paper-cutting imagery on the cover and throughout the Annual Report depicts how NHGP has navigated through the intricacies and complexities of primary healthcare, forged ahead in the face of challenges, and found breakthroughs as part of this journey. On the cover, the burst of colours and the blooming petals portray the collaborative synergy of our staff and partners as well as our constant drive to meet the growing needs of Singapore’s population. This journey of constant growth and discovery has made NHGP a leader in advancing Family Medicine and transforming primary healthcare for the benefit of all Singaporeans. CONTENTS OUR VISION To be the leading health-promoting institution that helps advance Family Medicine and transform 04 06 08 primary healthcare in Singapore. GROUP CEO’S MESSAGE CEO’S MESSAGE NHGP SENIOR MANAGEMENT OUR MISSION We will improve health and reduce illness through 10 18 24 patient-centred quality primary healthcare that is accessible, seamless, comprehensive, appropriate and cost-effective in an CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER 3 environment of continuous learning and relevant research. Combatting a Developing Population Charting Our Way Global Pandemic Health Forward OUR VALUES 32 36 People-Centredness Compassion CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 5 We value diversity, respect each other We care with love, humility Advancing Towards a Enhancing Our and encourage joy in work.
    [Show full text]
  • 39 Bus Time Schedule & Line Route
    39 bus time schedule & line map 39 Tampines Concourse Int View In Website Mode The 39 bus line (Tampines Concourse Int) has 2 routes. For regular weekdays, their operation hours are: (1) Tampines Concourse Int: 6:00 AM - 11:18 PM (2) Yishun Int: 5:30 AM - 11:17 PM Use the Moovit App to ƒnd the closest 39 bus station near you and ƒnd out when is the next 39 bus arriving. Direction: Tampines Concourse Int 39 bus Time Schedule 34 stops Tampines Concourse Int Route Timetable: VIEW LINE SCHEDULE Sunday 6:00 AM - 11:18 PM Monday 6:00 AM - 11:18 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Int (59009) Tuesday 6:00 AM - 11:18 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Blk 757 (59069) Wednesday 6:00 AM - 11:18 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Blk 608 (59059) Thursday 6:00 AM - 11:18 PM 612 Yishun Street 61, Singapore Friday 6:00 AM - 11:18 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Khatib Stn (59049) Saturday 6:00 AM - 11:18 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Sports Hall (59039) Lentor Ave - Aft Yishun Ave 1 (59029) Lentor Ave - Aft Sg Seletar Bridge (59019) 39 bus Info Direction: Tampines Concourse Int Lentor Ave - Lp 94 (55289) Stops: 34 Trip Duration: 67 min Jln Kayu - Bef Seletar Camp G (68111) Line Summary: Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Int (59009), Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Blk 757 (59069), Yishun Ave 2 - 1 Piccadilly Circus, Singapore Blk 608 (59059), Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Khatib Stn (59049), Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Sports Hall (59039), Tpe - Aft Punggol Rd (65199) Lentor Ave - Aft Yishun Ave 1 (59029), Lentor Ave - Aft Sg Seletar Bridge (59019), Lentor Ave - Lp 94 Pasir Ris Dr 12 - Aft Tpe (77339) (55289), Jln Kayu - Bef Seletar Camp G (68111),
    [Show full text]
  • 853M Bus Time Schedule & Line Route
    853M bus time schedule & line map 853M Upp East Coast Ter View In Website Mode The 853M bus line (Upp East Coast Ter) has 2 routes. For regular weekdays, their operation hours are: (1) Upp East Coast Ter: 5:40 AM - 11:25 PM (2) Yishun Int: 6:00 AM - 11:17 PM Use the Moovit App to ƒnd the closest 853M bus station near you and ƒnd out when is the next 853M bus arriving. Direction: Upp East Coast Ter 853M bus Time Schedule 71 stops Upp East Coast Ter Route Timetable: VIEW LINE SCHEDULE Sunday 5:40 AM - 11:25 PM Monday Not Operational Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Int (59009) Tuesday Not Operational Yishun Ctrl 1 - Opp Blk 932 (59669) 30A Yishun Central 1, Singapore Wednesday Not Operational Yishun Ctrl 2 - Yishun Community Hosp (59619) Thursday Not Operational 100 Yishun Central, Singapore Friday Not Operational Yishun Ave 2 - Blk 608 (59059) Saturday Not Operational 612 Yishun Street 61, Singapore Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Khatib Stn (59049) Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Sports Hall (59039) 853M bus Info Direction: Upp East Coast Ter Lentor Ave - Aft Yishun Ave 1 (59029) Stops: 71 Trip Duration: 117 min Lentor Ave - Aft Sg Seletar Bridge (59019) Line Summary: Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Int (59009), Yishun Ctrl 1 - Opp Blk 932 (59669), Yishun Ctrl 2 - Lentor Ave - Opp Bullion Pk Condo (55269) Yishun Community Hosp (59619), Yishun Ave 2 - Blk 608 (59059), Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Khatib Stn (59049), Lentor Ave - Opp Countryside Est (55259) Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Sports Hall (59039), Lentor Ave - Aft Yishun Ave 1 (59029), Lentor Ave - Aft Sg Seletar Bridge (59019), Lentor Ave
    [Show full text]
  • Singapore's Abc Waters
    Singapore’s ABC Waters Programme 活力，美丽，清洁的新加坡水环境计划 SINGAPORE’S ABC WATERS THE BLUE MAP OF SINGAPORE 新加坡的蓝图 17 reservoirs 水库 32 rivers 河流 7,000 km of waterways and drains 公里的水路与排水 ABC WATERS PROGRAMME ABC 水域计划 Launched in 2006 ２００６ ACTIVE 活力的 BEAUTIFUL 美丽的 CLEAN 清洁的 New Recreational Spaces Integration of waters Improved Water Quality 新休闲空间 with urban landscape 改进水体水质 水与城市景观一体化 Typical concrete waterways 典型混凝土排水水路 Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities Early attempts at beautifying waterbodies 美化水体的早期尝试 Sungei Api Api 阿比阿比河 Pang Sua Pond 榜耍塘 Copyright © Centre for Liveable Cities ABC WATERS PROJECTS ABC 水域项目 SUNGEI API API AND SUNGEI TAMPINES KALLANG RIVER (POTONG PASIR) – ROCHOR CANAL SUNGEI PUNGGOL Source: PUB, Singapore’s water agency ABC Waters @ Bishan Ang Mo Kio Park Before 整治前 ABC Waters @ Bishan Ang Mo Kio Park Completed 2012 整治后 ２０１２ Integrating the design with the surroundings 设计与环 境相结合 Meditative atmosphere: Proximity to Lower serene zone Dog run, bicycle and skates Peirce Reservoir: rental in the old Bishan tranquil and quiet link Park: active recreation to the Central zone Catchment Nature Ponds in the old Reserve Bishan Park: improved and integrated with the cleansing biotope Pond Gardens River Plains 河道平原 水塘花园 Availability of space allows for the river to boldly meander into the park Source: PUB, Singapore’s water agency ABC Waters @ Kallang River – Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park Soil bioengineering techniques Rip Rap w/ Cuttings 其他植被 Gabion Wall 石笼网墙 Reed Roll 芦苇 Reed Roll 芦苇 KALLANG RIVER @ BISHAN-ANG MO KIO PARK 石笼网，植被层，木框架挡土墙
    [Show full text]
  • Participating Merchants
    PARTICIPATING MERCHANTS PARTICIPATING POSTAL ADDRESS MERCHANTS CODE 460 ALEXANDRA ROAD, #01-17 AND #01-20 119963 53 ANG MO KIO AVENUE 3, #01-40 AMK HUB 569933 241/243 VICTORIA STREET, BUGIS VILLAGE 188030 BUKIT PANJANG PLAZA, #01-28 1 JELEBU ROAD 677743 175 BENCOOLEN STREET, #01-01 BURLINGTON SQUARE 189649 THE CENTRAL 6 EU TONG SEN STREET, #01-23 TO 26 059817 2 CHANGI BUSINESS PARK AVENUE 1, #01-05 486015 1 SENG KANG SQUARE, #B1-14/14A COMPASS ONE 545078 FAIRPRICE HUB 1 JOO KOON CIRCLE, #01-51 629117 FUCHUN COMMUNITY CLUB, #01-01 NO 1 WOODLANDS STREET 31 738581 11 BEDOK NORTH STREET 1, #01-33 469662 4 HILLVIEW RISE, #01-06 #01-07 HILLV2 667979 INCOME AT RAFFLES 16 COLLYER QUAY, #01-01/02 049318 2 JURONG EAST STREET 21, #01-51 609601 50 JURONG GATEWAY ROAD JEM, #B1-02 608549 78 AIRPORT BOULEVARD, #B2-235-236 JEWEL CHANGI AIRPORT 819666 63 JURONG WEST CENTRAL 3, #B1-54/55 JURONG POINT SHOPPING CENTRE 648331 KALLANG LEISURE PARK 5 STADIUM WALK, #01-43 397693 216 ANG MO KIO AVE 4, #01-01 569897 1 LOWER KENT RIDGE ROAD, #03-11 ONE KENT RIDGE 119082 BLK 809 FRENCH ROAD, #01-31 KITCHENER COMPLEX 200809 Burger King BLK 258 PASIR RIS STREET 21, #01-23 510258 8A MARINA BOULEVARD, #B2-03 MARINA BAY LINK MALL 018984 BLK 4 WOODLANDS STREET 12, #02-01 738623 23 SERANGOON CENTRAL NEX, #B1-30/31 556083 80 MARINE PARADE ROAD, #01-11 PARKWAY PARADE 449269 120 PASIR RIS CENTRAL, #01-11 PASIR RIS SPORTS CENTRE 519640 60 PAYA LEBAR ROAD, #01-40/41/42/43 409051 PLAZA SINGAPURA 68 ORCHARD ROAD, #B1-11 238839 33 SENGKANG WEST AVENUE, #01-09/10/11/12/13/14 THE
    [Show full text]
  • Vessel/Water Activities/Fishing Guidelines
    Vessel/Water Activities/Fishing Guidelines General 1. When having water activities in reservoirs, what are the social etiquette to watch out for? Rain water collected at our 17 reservoirs is one of our sources of water supply. Let’s do our part to keep the catchment and reservoir clean. 1) Do not litter in drains, canals and rivers as they channel rainwater collected to our reservoirs. 2) Do not discharge any kind of used or waste water into the reservoir. 3) Do not urinate/spit into the water. 4) Do not disturb creatures big or small in the water or at the reservoir parks. 5) Smoking is not allowed at reservoirs. 6) Fishing is only allowed at designated fishing areas. You should also only use artificial baits. 2. What are the safety guidelines for at the reservoirs? Be a responsible reservoir user and follow the safety guidelines below. Please be familiar with the safety guidelines before carrying out any water activities in the reservoir. If there is a safety briefing before an activity, please attend it. Know your limits Do not participate in any activities if you are unwell, under medication or under the influence of alcohol. Stop any activities if you are feeling fatigue. Do not carry out activities beyond daylight hours (7pm-7am) or during bad weather. Do paddle within your limits. Fishing 3. Which are the reservoirs open to fishing? Fishing is allowed at designated sites in reservoirs listed below: Bedok Reservoir Jurong Lake Kranji Reservoir Lower Peirce Reservoir Lower Seletar Reservoir MacRitchie Reservoir Marina Reservoir Pandan Reservoir Serangoon Reservoir Upper Seletar Reservoir 4.
    [Show full text]
  • 851 Bus Time Schedule & Line Route
    851 bus time schedule & line map 851 Bt Merah Int View In Website Mode The 851 bus line (Bt Merah Int) has 2 routes. For regular weekdays, their operation hours are: (1) Bt Merah Int: 5:30 AM - 11:34 PM (2) Yishun Int: 5:40 AM - 11:42 PM Use the Moovit App to ƒnd the closest 851 bus station near you and ƒnd out when is the next 851 bus arriving. Direction: Bt Merah Int 851 bus Time Schedule 56 stops Bt Merah Int Route Timetable: VIEW LINE SCHEDULE Sunday 5:30 AM - 11:34 PM Monday 5:30 AM - 11:34 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Int (59009) Tuesday 5:30 AM - 11:34 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Blk 757 (59069) Wednesday 5:30 AM - 11:34 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Blk 608 (59059) Thursday 5:30 AM - 11:34 PM 612 Yishun Street 61, Singapore Friday 5:30 AM - 11:34 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Khatib Stn (59049) Saturday 5:30 AM - 11:34 PM Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Sports Hall (59039) Lentor Ave - Aft Yishun Ave 1 (59029) Lentor Ave - Aft Sg Seletar Bridge (59019) 851 bus Info Direction: Bt Merah Int Lentor Ave - Opp Bullion Pk Condo (55269) Stops: 56 Trip Duration: 92 min Lentor Ave - Opp Countryside Est (55259) Line Summary: Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Int (59009), Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Blk 757 (59069), Yishun Ave 2 - Blk 608 (59059), Yishun Ave 2 - Opp Khatib Stn Lentor Ave - Bef Yio Chu Kang Rd (55249) (59049), Yishun Ave 2 - Yishun Sports Hall (59039), Lentor Ave - Aft Yishun Ave 1 (59029), Lentor Ave - Ang Mo Kio Ave 6 - Opp Castle Green (55179) Aft Sg Seletar Bridge (59019), Lentor Ave - Opp Bullion Pk Condo (55269), Lentor Ave - Opp Ang Mo Kio Ave 6 - Yio Chu Kang Stn (55189) Countryside
    [Show full text]