DOCSLIB.ORG

Bacillus Crassostreae Sp. Nov., Isolated from an Oyster (Crassostrea Hongkongensis)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bacillus Crassostreae Sp. Nov., Isolated from an Oyster (Crassostrea Hongkongensis) International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2015), 65, 1561–1566 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.000139 Bacillus crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) Jin-Hua Chen,1,2 Xiang-Rong Tian,2 Ying Ruan,1 Ling-Ling Yang,3 Ze-Qiang He,2 Shu-Kun Tang,3 Wen-Jun Li,3 Huazhong Shi4 and Yi-Guang Chen2 Correspondence 1Pre-National Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Yi-Guang Chen Hunan Agricultural University, 410128 Changsha, PR China [email protected] 2College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, 416000 Jishou, PR China 3The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, PR China 4Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA A novel Gram-stain-positive, motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, endospore-forming, facultatively anaerobic rod, designated strain JSM 100118T, was isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) collected from the tidal flat of Naozhou Island in the South China Sea. Strain JSM 100118T was able to grow with 0–13 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2–5 %), at pH 5.5–10.0 (optimum pH 7.5) and at 5–50 6C (optimum 30–35 6C). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 and the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0,C16 : 0 and C16 : 1v11c. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown glycolipid and an unknown phospholipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 100118T belonged to the genus Bacillus, and was most closely related to Bacillus litoralis SW-211T (98.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Bacillus halosaccharovorans E33T (98.3 %), Bacillus niabensis 4T19T (97.8 %) and Bacillus herbersteinensis D-1,5aT (97.1 %). The combination of results from the phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic char- acterization supported the conclusion that strain JSM 100118T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus crassostreae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 100118T (5CCTCC AB 2010452T5DSM 24486T5JCM 17523T). The genus Bacillus in the family Bacillaceae, belonging to cellular fatty acids (Priest et al., 1988; Ash et al., 1991; the phylum Firmicutes, contains several phylogenetically Ka¨mpfer, 1994; Ta¨ubel et al., 2003; Ahmed et al., 2007; distinct groups on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence Zhang et al., 2010; Kosowski et al., 2014). During an analysis (Ash et al., 1991; Stackebrandt & Liesack, 1993; investigation of the diversity of the microbial population of Nielsen et al., 1994; Ventosa et al., 1998; Schlesner et al., invertebrates inhabiting Naozhou Island (20u 52–569 N 2001; Yoon et al., 2004; Carrasco et al., 2007). Members of 110u 33–389 E) in the South China Sea (Huang et al., the genus Bacillus are generally characterized to be Gram- 2009; Xiao et al., 2009, 2013), a number of novel taxa have positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming, aerobic or facul- been isolated (Chen et al., 2009a, b, c, 2010, 2011a, b, c). tatively anaerobic, and have menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the Here we describe the taxonomic properties of an endospore- major respiratory quinone, and phosphatidylethanolamine, forming, Gram-stain-positive bacterium, designated strain T phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol as the major JSM 100118 , which was isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea polar lipids and iso-/anteiso-C15 : 0 as the predominant hongkongensis) collected from the tidal flat of Naozhou Island. Based on the results of a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach, this strain is considered to represent a The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene novel species of the genus Bacillus. sequence of strain JSM 100118T is HQ419276. T A supplementary figure and a supplementary table are available with the Strain JSM 100118 was isolated from a homogenate of an online Supplementary Material. oyster using a standard dilution plating technique on 000139 G 2015 IUMS Printed in Great Britain 1561 J.-H. Chen and others marine agar 2216 (MA; Difco) at 30 uC for 2 weeks. After low convex with circular/slightly irregular margins and 2– primary isolation and purification, the isolate was main- 3 mm in diameter after incubation on MA (pH 7.5) at tained as serial transfers on MA slants, as lyophilized cultures 35 uC for 2–3 days. The strain grew optimally in the at 4 uC and deep-frozen at –80 uC in 20 % (v/v) glycerol. presence of 2–5 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 7.5 and at 30–35 uC. Bacillus litoralis DSM 16303T, Bacillus halosaccharovorans Detailed phenotypic properties that differentiate strain JSM DSM 25387T, Bacillus niabensis DSM 17723T and Bacillus 100118T from related species of the genus Bacillus are herbersteinensis DSM 16534T were obtained from the included in Table 1 and the species description. Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen Genomic DNA was isolated according to Hopwood et al. (DSMZ; Braunschweig, Germany), and were used as reference (1985) and the G+C content was determined by reversed- strains for comparison in the study. Unless indicated otherwise, phase HPLC of nucleosides according to the protocol of morphological, physiological and molecular studies were Mesbah et al. (1989). The 16S rRNA gene sequence was performedwithcellsgrownonMA(pH7.5)at35uC. amplified by PCR and sequenced as described by Cui et al. In order to phenotypically characterize strain JSM 100118T, (2001). Pairwise sequence similarities were calculated using standard phenotypic tests were performed. The recom- a global alignment algorithm implemented at the EzTaxon-e mended minimal standards for describing new taxa of server (http://www.ezbiocloud.net/eztaxon; Kim et al., 2012). aerobic, endospore-forming bacteria were followed (Logan Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the software et al., 2009). Cell morphology was examined by using a package MEGA 6 (Tamura et al., 2013) after multiple align- Leica DM3000 microscope equipped with phase-contrast ment of sequence data by CLUSTAL X (Thompson et al., 1997). optics with cells grown on MA plus 10 mg MnSO4 for 1– Distances were calculated using distance options according to 6 days at 35 uC and 7–10 days at room temperature (18– Kimura’s two-parameter model (Kimura, 1980). Phylo- 20 uC). The Gram staining and the KOH lysis test were genetic trees were reconstructed using the neighbour-joining carried out according to Smibert & Krieg (1994) and (Saitou & Nei, 1987) and maximum-likelihood (Felsenstein, Gregersen (1978), respectively. Growth in the absence of 1981) algorithms integrated in the MEGA 6 software package NaCl was investigated on nutrient agar (NA) and in for phylogenetic inference. Bootstrap analysis was used to nutrient broth (NB) prepared according to the formula of evaluate the tree topology by means of 1000 resamplings Atlas (1993) except for the addition of NaCl. Tolerance of (Felsenstein, 1985). After the DNA was purified to an NaCl was tested on NA as well as in NB at different NaCl absorbance ratio of A260 nm versus A280 nm greater than 1.8, concentrations [0.1 and 0.5 % (w/v), and 1–30 % (w/v) in DNA–DNA hybridization experiments were performed accord- increments of 1 %]. Growth was tested at various tem- ing to the optical renaturation method (De Ley et al., 1970; Huß peratures (4, 5–55 uC in increments of 5 uC) and at dif- et al., 1983; Jahnke, 1992), using a UV-1206 spectrophotometer ferent pH (5.0–11.0, in increments of 0.5 pH units) on MA (Shimadzu) equipped with a TB-85 thermo-bath. and NA and in NB. The buffer solutions described by Chen The DNA G+C content of strain JSM 100118T was et al. (2007) were used for pH experiments. Methyl red and 35.9 mol%. This value is within the range for the genus Voges–Proskauer tests and determination of H S produc- 2 Bacillus and similar to that of B. litoralis (35.2 mol%; Yoon & tion from L-cysteine, hydrolysis of aesculin, indole produc- Oh, 2005) and B. herbersteinensis (36.2–36.9 mol%; Wieser tion, nitrate and nitrite reduction were performed as et al., 2005), but lower than that of B. halosaccharovorans recommended by Smibert & Krieg (1994) using media (42.6 mol%; Mehrshad et al., 2013) and B. niabensis (37.7– supplemented with 3 % NaCl. Hydrolysis of casein, 40.9 mol%; Kwon et al., 2007) (Table 1). The almost- cellulose, gelatin, starch, Tweens 20, 40, 60 and 80, and complete 16S rRNA gene sequence (1502 bp) of strain JSM urea was determined as described by Cowan & Steel (1965). 100118T was determined. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S Growth under anaerobic conditions was determined on rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain JSM 100118T MA and NA, with or without 0.1 % (w/v) nitrate, using belonged to the genus Bacillus, and was most closely related to the GasPak Anaerobic Systems (BBL) according to the B. litoralis SW-211T (98.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence manufacturer’s instructions. Determination of acid produc- similarity; Yoon & Oh, 2005), B. halosaccharovorans E33T tion from carbohydrates and utilization of carbon and (98.3 %; Mehrshad et al., 2013), B. niabensis 4T19T (97.8 %; nitrogen sources was performed as recommended by Ventosa Kwon et al., 2007) and B. herbersteinensis D-1,5aT (97.1 %; et al. (1982). Observation of motility and tests for catalase and Wieser et al., 2005). Sequence similarity values of equal to or oxidase activities were detected as described previously (Chen lower than 96.6 % were observed with other species of the et al., 2007). Citrate utilization and other enzymic activities genus Bacillus.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Society of Japan
    Sessile Organisms 21 (1): 1-6 (2004) The Sessile Organisms Society of Japan Combination of macroalgae-conditioned water and periphytic diatom Navicula ramosissima as an inducer of larval metamorphosis in the sea urchins Anthocidaris crassispina and Pseudocentrotus depressus Jing-Yu Li1)*, Siti Akmar Khadijah Ab Rahimi1), Cyril Glenn Satuito 1)and Hitoshi Kitamura2)* 1) Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan 2) Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan *correspondingauthor (JYL) e-mail:[email protected] (Received June 10, 2003; Accepted August 7, 2003) Abstract The induction of larval metamorphosis in the sea urchins Anthocidaris crassispina and Pseudocentrotus depressus was investigated in the laboratory, using waters conditioned by 15 different macroalgae com- bined with the periphytic diatom Navicula ramosissima. Larvae of P. depressus did not metamorphose, but larvae of A. crassispina showed a high incidence of metamorphosis, especially in waters conditioned by coralline red algae or brown algae. High inductive activity for larval metamorphosis was detected in Corallina pilulifera-conditioned water during a 2.5-year investigation, but the activity was relatively low in February or March and in September, the off growth seasons of the alga. By contrast, Ulva pertusa-con- ditioned water did not show metamorphosis-inducing activity except in spring or early summer. These re- sults indicate that during their growth phase, red and brown
    [Show full text]
  • Desulfuribacillus Alkaliarsenatis Gen. Nov. Sp. Nov., a Deep-Lineage
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PubMed Central Extremophiles (2012) 16:597–605 DOI 10.1007/s00792-012-0459-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Desulfuribacillus alkaliarsenatis gen. nov. sp. nov., a deep-lineage, obligately anaerobic, dissimilatory sulfur and arsenate-reducing, haloalkaliphilic representative of the order Bacillales from soda lakes D. Y. Sorokin • T. P. Tourova • M. V. Sukhacheva • G. Muyzer Received: 10 February 2012 / Accepted: 3 May 2012 / Published online: 24 May 2012 Ó The Author(s) 2012. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract An anaerobic enrichment culture inoculated possible within a pH range from 9 to 10.5 (optimum at pH with a sample of sediments from soda lakes of the Kulunda 10) and a salt concentration at pH 10 from 0.2 to 2 M total Steppe with elemental sulfur as electron acceptor and for- Na? (optimum at 0.6 M). According to the phylogenetic mate as electron donor at pH 10 and moderate salinity analysis, strain AHT28 represents a deep independent inoculated with sediments from soda lakes in Kulunda lineage within the order Bacillales with a maximum of Steppe (Altai, Russia) resulted in the domination of a 90 % 16S rRNA gene similarity to its closest cultured Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium strain AHT28. representatives. On the basis of its distinct phenotype and The isolate is an obligate anaerobe capable of respiratory phylogeny, the novel haloalkaliphilic anaerobe is suggested growth using elemental sulfur, thiosulfate (incomplete as a new genus and species, Desulfuribacillus alkaliar- T T reduction) and arsenate as electron acceptor with H2, for- senatis (type strain AHT28 = DSM24608 = UNIQEM mate, pyruvate and lactate as electron donor.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Communities of the Upper Respiratory Tract of Turkeys
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Bacterial communities of the upper respiratory tract of turkeys Olimpia Kursa1*, Grzegorz Tomczyk1, Anna Sawicka‑Durkalec1, Aleksandra Giza2 & Magdalena Słomiany‑Szwarc2 The respiratory tracts of turkeys play important roles in the overall health and performance of the birds. Understanding the bacterial communities present in the respiratory tracts of turkeys can be helpful to better understand the interactions between commensal or symbiotic microorganisms and other pathogenic bacteria or viral infections. The aim of this study was the characterization of the bacterial communities of upper respiratory tracks in commercial turkeys using NGS sequencing by the amplifcation of 16S rRNA gene with primers designed for hypervariable regions V3 and V4 (MiSeq, Illumina). From 10 phyla identifed in upper respiratory tract in turkeys, the most dominated phyla were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Diferences in composition of bacterial diversity were found at the family and genus level. At the genus level, the turkey sequences present in respiratory tract represent 144 established bacteria. Several respiratory pathogens that contribute to the development of infections in the respiratory system of birds were identifed, including the presence of Ornithobacterium and Mycoplasma OTUs. These results obtained in this study supply information about bacterial composition and diversity of the turkey upper respiratory tract. Knowledge about bacteria present in the respiratory tract and the roles they can play in infections can be useful in controlling, diagnosing and treating commercial turkey focks. Next-generation sequencing has resulted in a marked increase in culture-independent studies characterizing the microbiome of humans and animals1–6. Much of these works have been focused on the gut microbiome of humans and other production animals 7–11.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Background Entities at the Cellular and Subcellular Levels in Bodies of Invertebrate Animals
    The Journal of Theoretical Fimpology Volume 2, Issue 4: e-20081017-2-4-14 December 28, 2014 www.fimpology.com Evolutionary Background Entities at the Cellular and Subcellular Levels in Bodies of Invertebrate Animals Shu-dong Yin Cory H. E. R. & C. Inc. Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada Email: [email protected] ________________________________________________________________________ Abstract The novel recognition that individual bodies of normal animals are actually inhabited by subcellular viral entities and membrane-enclosed microentities, prokaryotic bacterial and archaeal cells and unicellular eukaryotes such as fungi and protists has been supported by increasing evidences since the emergence of culture-independent approaches. However, how to understand the relationship between animal hosts including human beings and those non-host microentities or microorganisms is challenging our traditional understanding of pathogenic relationship in human medicine and veterinary medicine. In recent novel evolution theories, the relationship between animals and their environments has been deciphered to be the interaction between animals and their environmental evolutionary entities at the same and/or different evolutionary levels;[1-3] and evolutionary entities of the lower evolutionary levels are hypothesized to be the evolutionary background entities of entities at the higher evolutionary levels.[1,2] Therefore, to understand the normal existence of microentities or microorganisms in multicellular animal bodies is becoming the first priority for elucidating the ecological and evolutiological relationships between microorganisms and nonhuman macroorganisms. The evolutionary background entities at the cellular and subcellular levels in bodies of nonhuman vertebrate animals have been summarized recently.[4] In this paper, the author tries to briefly review the evolutionary background entities (EBE) at the cellular and subcellular levels for several selected invertebrate animal species.
    [Show full text]
  • Previously Uncultured Marine Bacteria Linked to Novel Alkaloid Production
    UC San Diego UC San Diego Previously Published Works Title Previously Uncultured Marine Bacteria Linked to Novel Alkaloid Production. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6263h6gw Journal Chemistry & biology, 22(9) ISSN 1074-5521 Authors Choi, Eun Ju Nam, Sang-Jip Paul, Lauren et al. Publication Date 2015-09-01 DOI 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.07.014 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Resource Previously Uncultured Marine Bacteria Linked to Novel Alkaloid Production Graphical Abstract Authors Eun Ju Choi, Sang-Jip Nam, Lauren Paul, ..., Christopher A. Kauffman, Paul R. Jensen, William Fenical Correspondence [email protected] In Brief Choi et al. illustrate that low-nutrient media and long incubation times lead to the isolation of rare, previously uncultured marine bacteria that produce new antibacterial metabolites. Their work demonstrates that unique marine bacteria are easier to cultivate than previously suggested. Highlights Accession Numbers d Simple methods allow the isolation of rare, previously JN703500 KJ572269 uncultured marine bacteria JN703501 KJ572270 JN703502 KJ572271 d Previously uncultured marine bacteria produce new JN703503 KJ572272 antibacterial metabolites JN368460 KJ572273 JN368461 KJ572274 KJ572262 KJ572275 KJ572263 KJ572264 KJ572265 KJ572266 KJ572267 KJ572268 Choi et al., 2015, Chemistry & Biology 22, 1–10 September 17, 2015 ª2015 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.07.014 Please cite this article in press as: Choi et al., Previously Uncultured Marine Bacteria Linked to Novel Alkaloid Production, Chemistry & Biology (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.07.014 Chemistry & Biology Resource Previously Uncultured Marine Bacteria Linked to Novel Alkaloid Production Eun Ju Choi,1,2,3 Sang-Jip Nam,1,2,4 Lauren Paul,1 Deanna Beatty,1 Christopher A.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Sudanese Banknotes and Determination of Their Resistance Profile
    Hindawi International Journal of Microbiology Volume 2018, Article ID 4375164, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4375164 Research Article Characterization of Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Sudanese Banknotes and Determination of Their Resistance Profile Noha Ahmed Abd Alfadil ,1 Malik Suliman Mohamed ,2 Manal M. Ali,3 and El Amin Ibrahim El Nima2 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Al Neelain, Khartoum, Sudan 2Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan 3Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan Correspondence should be addressed to Noha Ahmed Abd Alfadil; [email protected] Received 18 May 2018; Revised 16 July 2018; Accepted 8 August 2018; Published 24 September 2018 Academic Editor: Susana Merino Copyright © 2018 Noha Ahmed Abd Alfadil et al. (is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Banknotes are one of the most exchangeable items in communities and always subject to contamination by pathogenic bacteria and hence could serve as vehicle for transmission of infectious diseases. (is study was conducted to assess the prevalence of contamination by pathogenic bacteria in Sudanese banknotes, determine the susceptibility of the isolated organisms towards commonly used antibiotics, and detect some antibiotic resistance genes. Methods. (is study was carried out using 135 samples of Sudanese banknotes of five different denominations (2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 Sudanese pounds), which were collected randomly from hospitals, food sellers, and transporters in all three districts of Khartoum, Bahri, and Omdurman.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacillus Cavernae Sp. Nov. Isolated from Cave Soil Liling Feng, Dongmei Liu, Xuelian Sun, Gejiao Wang3 and Mingshun Li3
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2015), 00, 1–7 DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.000794 Bacillus cavernae sp. nov. isolated from cave soil Liling Feng, Dongmei Liu, Xuelian Sun, Gejiao Wang3 and Mingshun Li3 Correspondence National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Gejiao Wang Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China [email protected] A Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming, motile, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain L5T, was isolated from soil of Tenglong cave, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain L5T was related most closely to Bacillus asahii MA001T (96.5 %) (the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Bacillus kribbensis BT080T (96.4 %) and Bacillus deserti ZLD-8T (96.2 %). The DNA G+C content of strain L5T was 45.6 mol%. The major menaquinone was MK-7. The major fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. In addition, strain L5T had different characteristics compared with the other Bacillus strains such as pink colony colour, low growth temperature and low nutrient requirement. The results indicate that strain L5T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus cavernae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is L5T (5KCTC 33637T5CCTCC AB 2015055T). The genus Bacillus belongs to the family Bacillaceae,order (Claus & Berkeley, 1986; Holt et al., 1994; Rheims et al., Bacillales,phylumFirmicutes, and was first proposed by 1999; Yumoto et al., 2004; Lim et al., 2007; Zhang et al., Cohn (1872) with Bacillus subtilis as the type species.
    [Show full text]
  • Demonstrating the Potential of Abiotic Stress-Tolerant Jeotgalicoccus Huakuii NBRI 13E for Plant Growth Promotion and Salt Stress Amelioration
    Annals of Microbiology (2019) 69:419–434 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-018-1428-x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Demonstrating the potential of abiotic stress-tolerant Jeotgalicoccus huakuii NBRI 13E for plant growth promotion and salt stress amelioration Sankalp Misra1,2 & Vijay Kant Dixit 1 & Shashank Kumar Mishra1,2 & Puneet Singh Chauhan1,2 Received: 10 September 2018 /Accepted: 20 December 2018 /Published online: 2 January 2019 # Università degli studi di Milano 2019 Abstract The present study aimed to demonstrate the potential of abiotic stress-tolerant Jeotgalicoccus huakuii NBRI 13E for plant growth promotion and salt stress amelioration. NBRI 13E was characterized for abiotic stress tolerance and plant growth-promoting (PGP) attributes under normal and salt stress conditions. Phylogenetic comparison of NBRI 13E was carried out with known species of the same genera based on 16S rRNA gene. Plant growth promotion and rhizosphere colonization studies were determined under greenhouse conditions using maize, tomato, and okra. Field experiment was also performed to assess the ability of NBRI 13E inoculation for improving growth and yield of maize crop in alkaline soil. NBRI 13E demonstrated abiotic stress tolerance and different PGP attributes under in vitro conditions. Phylogenetic and differential physiological analysis revealed considerable differences in NBRI 13E as compared with the reported species for Jeotgalicoccus genus. NBRI 13E colonizes in the rhizosphere of the tested crops, enhances plant growth, and ameliorates salt stress in a greenhouse experiment. Modulation in defense enzymes, chlorophyll, proline, and soluble sugar content in NBRI 13E-inoculated plants leads to mitigate the deleterious effect of salt stress. Furthermore, field evaluation of NBRI 13E inoculation using maize was carried out with recommended 50 and 100% chemical fertilizer controls, which resulted in significant enhancement of all vegetative parameters and total yield as compared to respective controls.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Succession Within an Ephemeral Hypereutrophic Mojave Desert Playa Lake
    Microb Ecol (2009) 57:307–320 DOI 10.1007/s00248-008-9426-3 MICROBIOLOGY OF AQUATIC SYSTEMS Bacterial Succession within an Ephemeral Hypereutrophic Mojave Desert Playa Lake Jason B. Navarro & Duane P. Moser & Andrea Flores & Christian Ross & Michael R. Rosen & Hailiang Dong & Gengxin Zhang & Brian P. Hedlund Received: 4 February 2008 /Accepted: 3 July 2008 /Published online: 30 August 2008 # Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2008 Abstract Ephemerally wet playas are conspicuous features RNA gene sequencing of bacterial isolates and uncultivated of arid landscapes worldwide; however, they have not been clones. Isolates from the early-phase flooded playa were well studied as habitats for microorganisms. We tracked the primarily Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, yet geochemistry and microbial community in Silver Lake clone libraries were dominated by Betaproteobacteria and yet playa, California, over one flooding/desiccation cycle uncultivated Actinobacteria. Isolates from the late-flooded following the unusually wet winter of 2004–2005. Over phase ecosystem were predominantly Proteobacteria, partic- the course of the study, total dissolved solids increased by ularly alkalitolerant isolates of Rhodobaca, Porphyrobacter, ∽10-fold and pH increased by nearly one unit. As the lake Hydrogenophaga, Alishwenella, and relatives of Thauera; contracted and temperatures increased over the summer, a however, clone libraries were composed almost entirely of moderately dense planktonic population of ∽1×106 cells ml−1 Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria). A sample taken after the of culturable heterotrophs was replaced by a dense popula- playa surface was completely desiccated contained diverse tion of more than 1×109 cells ml−1, which appears to be the culturable Actinobacteria typically isolated from soils.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Diversity and Multifarious Plant Growth
    Environment Health Techniques 44 Priyanka Verma et al. Research Paper Molecular diversity and multifarious plant growth promoting attributes of Bacilli associated with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rhizosphere from six diverse agro-ecological zones of India Priyanka Verma1,2, Ajar Nath Yadav1, Kazy Sufia Khannam2, Sanjay Kumar3, Anil Kumar Saxena1 and Archna Suman1 1 Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India 2 Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India 3 Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India The diversity of culturable Bacilli was investigated in six wheat cultivating agro-ecological zones of India viz: northern hills, north western plains, north eastern plains, central, peninsular, and southern hills. These agro-ecological regions are based on the climatic conditions such as pH, salinity, drought, and temperature. A total of 395 Bacilli were isolated by heat enrichment and different growth media. Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis using three restriction enzymes AluI, MspI, and HaeIII led to the clustering of these isolates into 19–27 clusters in the different zones at >70% similarity index, adding up to 137 groups. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing led to the identification of 55 distinct Bacilli that could be grouped in five families, Bacillaceae (68%), Paenibacillaceae (15%), Planococcaceae (8%), Staphylococcaceae (7%), and Bacillales incertae sedis (2%), which included eight genera namely Bacillus, Exiguobacterium, Lysinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Planococcus, Planomicrobium, Sporosarcina, andStaphylococcus. All 395 isolated Bacilli were screened for their plant growth promoting attributes, which included direct-plant growth promoting (solubilization of phosphorus, potassium, and zinc; production of phytohormones; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity and nitrogen fixation), and indirect-plant growth promotion (antagonistic, production of lytic enzymes, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, and ammonia).
    [Show full text]
  • Ep 2434019 A1
    (19) & (11) EP 2 434 019 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 28.03.2012 Bulletin 2012/13 C12N 15/82 (2006.01) C07K 14/395 (2006.01) C12N 5/10 (2006.01) G01N 33/50 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 11160902.0 C07K 16/14 A01H 5/00 C07K 14/39 (2006.01) (22) Date of filing: 21.07.2004 (84) Designated Contracting States: • Kamlage, Beate AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR 12161, Berlin (DE) HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR • Taman-Chardonnens, Agnes A. 1611, DS Bovenkarspel (NL) (30) Priority: 01.08.2003 EP 03016672 • Shirley, Amber 15.04.2004 PCT/US2004/011887 Durham, NC 27703 (US) • Wang, Xi-Qing (62) Document number(s) of the earlier application(s) in Chapel Hill, NC 27516 (US) accordance with Art. 76 EPC: • Sarria-Millan, Rodrigo 04741185.5 / 1 654 368 West Lafayette, IN 47906 (US) • McKersie, Bryan D (27) Previously filed application: Cary, NC 27519 (US) 21.07.2004 PCT/EP2004/008136 • Chen, Ruoying Duluth, GA 30096 (US) (71) Applicant: BASF Plant Science GmbH 67056 Ludwigshafen (DE) (74) Representative: Heistracher, Elisabeth BASF SE (72) Inventors: Global Intellectual Property • Plesch, Gunnar GVX - C 6 14482, Potsdam (DE) Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 • Puzio, Piotr 67056 Ludwigshafen (DE) 9030, Mariakerke (Gent) (BE) • Blau, Astrid Remarks: 14532, Stahnsdorf (DE) This application was filed on 01-04-2011 as a • Looser, Ralf divisional application to the application mentioned 13158, Berlin (DE) under INID code 62.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Topical Antimicrobial Treatments on Skin Bacterial Communities
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 Impact Of Topical Antimicrobial Treatments On Skin Bacterial Communities Adam Sanmiguel University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Bioinformatics Commons, and the Microbiology Commons Recommended Citation Sanmiguel, Adam, "Impact Of Topical Antimicrobial Treatments On Skin Bacterial Communities" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2567. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2567 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2567 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Impact Of Topical Antimicrobial Treatments On Skin Bacterial Communities Abstract Skin is our primary interface to the outside world, representing a diverse habitat with a multitude of folds, invaginations, and appendages. While each of these structures is essential to host cutaneous function, they also serve as unique ecological niches that can support an array of microbial inhabitants. Together, these microorganisms constitute the skin microbiome, an assemblage of bacteria, fungi, and viruses with the potential to influence cutaneous biology. While a number of studies have described the importance of these residents to immune function and development, none to date have assessed their dynamics in response to antimicrobial stress, nor the impact of these perturbations on host cutaneous defense. Rather the majority of work in this regard has focused on a subset of microorganisms studied in isolation. Herein, we present the impact of topical antibiotics and antiseptics on skin bacterial communities, and describe their potential to shape cutaneous interactions. Using mice as a model system, we show that antibiotics can elicit a distinct shift in skin inhabitants characterized by decreases in diversity and domination by previously minor contributors.
    [Show full text]