Internationalisation of Higher Education in Russian Federation: REPORT External Survey

Research conducted n frames of HARMONY project, KA2 Erasmus + Programme – Capacity Building Introduction

This report relates to the study conducted in frames of Harmony Project No. 561561-EPP-1-2015-1-ES-EPPKA2-CBHE-SP (KA2 Erasmus + Programme – Capacity Building).

The questionnaire was prepared with the purpose of analysing the level of internationalisation of higher education, research and innovation in countries participating in the project.

The questionnaire development was achieved through methodological workshop on questionnaire drafting. The questionnaire drafting was produced by partners for each Partner country: Armenia, Belarus and Russia as well for EU countries in order to address the peculiarities of each side.

This report analysis the current state of higher education internationalization in Russian Federation based on the study outcomes.

Brief Information for comprehensive report (Russia)

General overview of the higher education

Education in Russia is provided predominantly by the state. The Federal Ministry of Education is the executive body responsible for the formulation and implementation of education policies at all levels. Under its purview is the Federal Education and Science Supervision Agency, which is tasked with the supervision and quality control of education institutions. Regional Ministries of Education are responsible for policy implementation at the local level (World Education News and Reveiws n.d.).

Russian Federation is now in the process of transition from its traditional tertiary education model to three cycle degree system withi n the Bologna Process. Russian higher education traditionally was not divided into undergraduate (bachelor's) and graduate (master's) levels. Nowadays the Russian higher education institutions may confer the following degrees and diplomas:

 Bachelor Diploma (at least four years of study);  Specialist Diploma (five to six years of study);  Master Diploma (two years of study on the basis of the specialist or bachelor degree).

In 2015/16, there were a total of 896 recognized tertiary education institutions in operation in the Russian Federation. Public institutions are categorized into:

 Big multi-disciplinary universities  Academies specialized in particular professions, such as medicine, education, architecture or agriculture

 Institutes that (typically) offer programs in singular disciplines, such as music or arts.

There are 50 specially-funded and research-focused National Research Universities and Universities of National Innovation, as well as nine Federal Universities, which were established to bundle regional education and research efforts, and focus on regional socioeconomic needs in more remote parts of Russia.

Finally, there are two National Universities, the prestigious Lomonosov Moscow State University and Saint Petersburg State University. These well-funded elite institutions have special legal status, and are under the direct control of the federal government, which appoints their rectors and approves university charters. University is arguably Russia’s most prestigious institution and currently enrolls more than 47,000 students. Modeled after German universities, it was founded in 1755. Private institutions now account for some 366 accredited institutions – just over one third of all higher educations in Russia. The number of students enrolled in these universities has increased considerably over the past decades – between 2000 and 2014 alone the number of students at private universities grew by 88 percent, from 470,600 to 884,700 students. Today, private universities tend to supplement public education with more specialized niche offerings, rather than compete directly with the bigger state-funded universities. Private enrollments account for only about 16 percent of all tertiary enrolments.

(Study in Russia n.d.)

Rankings and International Reputation

The Russian Ministry of Education maintains a webpage dedicated to tracking the progress of Russian universities in global rankings. As of 2016 rankings, the goals of the 5/100 project to place five Russian universities in the top 100 of global rankings still seem distant. Lomonosov Moscow State University was the only Russian university among the top 100 in the most common rankings. It was ranked at 87th place in the Shanghai ranking (followed by St. Petersburg State University and

Novosibirsk State University at 301-400 and 401-500, respectively). In the Times Higher Education Ranking, Lomonosov reached 188th place in 2016/17 with no

other Russian universities among the top 300. In the QS ranking, Russia’s flagship university reached 108th place followed by St. Petersburg State University ranked at place 258. Of note is also that Russia in 2016 announced that it will launch its own international ranking, including universities from Russia, Japan, China, Brazil, India, Iran, Turkey and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS) indicates that inbound students in Russia increased almost three-fold between 2004 and 2014 from 75,786 to 213,347 students (World Education News and Reveiws n.d.).

Questionnaire distribution

The Russian partner universities of HARMONY consortium were responsible for a separate district in accordance with their locations to disseminate the questionnaire and collect data from the universities.

The responsibilities for conducting the survey were distributed as follows (see the chart below):

University Federal District Voronezh State University Central Black Soil District International Centre for innovation in Northwestern Federal District Science, Technology and Education Central Federal District Penza State University Volga Federal District Southern Federal University Southern Federal District

The questionnaire was disseminated by the staff of International Offices of the above mentioned universities via electronic mail. Օfficial address signed by vice rectors for international cooperation of partner universities to the vice-rectors and heads of departments of International Cooperation of the universities in the respective federal district was sent. The address contained contact details of the staff members who are involved in implementation of the HARMONY project and provided consultations to the university staff responsible for conducting the survey. The questionnaire was sent to 119 universities and yielded a responce rate of 36 % (43 universities answered the external questionnaire (mostly state universities)). The data is provided for 2015-2016 academic year.

Below is provided the abbreviations of the universities, used in the further analysis and the report.

Name of your Institution Acronym 1 Don State Technical University DSTU 2 Peter the Great Sant Petersburg Politechnic University SPbPU 3 Tula State University TSU 4 Kuban State Agrarian University after T. Trubilin KubSAU 5 Belgorod State Technological University BSTU 6 North-Caucasus Federal University NCFU 7 Tambov State Technical University TSTU 8 Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev OSU National Research Saratov State University named after N.G. 9 Chernyshevsky SSU 10 Samara State Economic University SSEU 11 Volga State University of Technology VSUT 12 Voronezh State Technical University VSTU 13 Volgograd State University VolSU 14 Northern (Arctic) Federal University NArFU 15 Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University SRSPU(NPI) 16 Dagestan State University DSU Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.E. 17 Alekseev NNSTU 18 Rostov State Economic University RSUE 19 Southwestern State University SWSU 20 Armavir State Pedagogical University ASPU 21 Tver State University TSU 22 Novosibirsk State University of Economics NSUEM 23 Astrakhan State Technical University ASTU 24 Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko VSMA 25 Novgorod State University after Yaroslav-the-Wise NovSU 26 Kursk State University KSU 27 Voronezh State Agricultural University named after Peter the Great VSAU 28 Don State Agrarian University DSAU 29 Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) SPbTU 30 Kostrom State University KSU 31 Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University ULSPU 32 Tula State Pedagogical University after Lev Tolstoy TSPU 33 I.G.Petrovsky Bryansk State University BSU 34 Ivanovo Institute of Power Engineering named after V. I. Lenin IGEU 35 Mordovia State Pedagogical Institute after M.E. Evseneva MordGPI 36 Penza State University of Architecture and Construction PSUAC 37 Voronezh State Pedagogical University VSPU 38 Chuvashian State Pedagogical University named after Yakovlev ChuvSU 39 Lipetsk State Pedagogical University LGPU 40 Penza State Technological University PenzSTU 41 Ivanovo State Agricultural Academy named after D.K. Belyaev ISAA 42 Penza State Agrarian University PSAU 43 Private “Southern University" SU

Questionnaire to evaluate the internationalization of HEIs: breakdown and questions

• 1.1. Number of enrolled full-time (all levels) General Information and • 1.2. Number of academic staff internationalization of • 1.3. Number of staff in international office • 1.4 Do you have strategic internationalization plan? management • 1.5. Do you have legal frameworks to manage international activity?

• 2.1. Number of students (all levels) sent abroad • 2.2. Top 5 host countries for students • 2.3. Number of international students (all levels, both degree- International Mobility seeking and exchange) • 2.4. Top 5 countries of origin of international students • 2.5. Do you assist your staff and students in participation in mobility programs?

• 3.1. Number of international teaching staff ( both temporary and permanent) • 3.2. Number of staff (all categories) sent abroad • 3.3. Number of international joint/double/multiple degrees programs (All levels) Internationalization of • 3.4. Do you offer programs in English or other foreign teaching and academic languages? • 3.5. Do you offer financial incentives for staff to learn programs foreign languages and to carry out teaching activities in foreign languages? • 3.6. Do you have strategy and special funding to support international staff recruitment? • 3.7. Do you have study programs where mobility windows are incorporated into the curriculum?

• 4.1. Do you have web-site in English • 4.2. Number of international fairs (education, research, R&D, etc.) where institution has been presented International Impact and • 4.3. Number of international partnerships Visibility • 4.4. Number of memberships in international associations and networks • 4.5. Do you have internal unit / working group to deal with international rankings?

• 5.1. Number of international research projects Research and Education • 5.2. Number of international educational projects projects • 5.3. Do you assist your staff in participation in international programs and projects

Analysis of section 1. General Information and internationalization of management

The largest respondent university is Don State Technical University (with 19 967 students enrolled) which has reported 41 International office employees (see Table 1 and Chart 1). On the contrast, the HARMONY project consortium member universities, for instance Sapienza University (around 105 655 students), or University of Seville (around 66 603 students) have only 27 and 33 staff in the international offices. University of Seville has total score of 32 in international outlook (THEDataPoints n.d.), based on Times Higher Education (THE) data, 7 % of student cohort is international and is in the group of top 601–800 universities. Sapienza University has 34.7 international outlook score, 7 % of students are international and is in the group of 301-350 top universities. On the contrast, the largest respondent university from the RA, Don State Technical University is not included in the ranking (are not in top 1000). Among the respondents, Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University, with 16600 students and 36 staff in the international centre is in the same group as University of Seville (601–800) with 20% international students, 48.8 international outlook score. The National Research Saratov State University, which is another respondent having reported no (0) staff in the international centre has 29.8 international outlook score and 4% international students (ranking: 801-1000). It is worth mentioning, that 25 of RF are in the top 1000 universities of THE out of which 8 universities are in top 500 (Times Higher Education n.d.).

Table 1. General Information

University Number of enrolled full- Number of Number of Student and Acronym time students (of all academic staff staff in the academic staff academic cyrcles) International ratio Office 1 DSTU 19967 2089 41 10 2 SPbPU 16600 2920 36 6 3 TSU 16353 899 30 18 4 KubSAU 15600 1500 3 10 5 BSTU 14877 753 14 20 6 NCFU 13117 1244 23 11 7 TSTU 12000 469 5 26 8 OSU 10283 1129 9 9 9 SSU 10082 1021 0 10 10 SSEU 9625 466 5 21 11 VSUT 9350 529 8 18 12 VSTU 9000 950 2 9 13 VolSU 8586 489 5 18 14 NArFU 8047 2500 19 3 15 SRSPU(NPI) 7700 0 5 0 16 DSU 7632 762 7 10 17 NNSTU 6941 1039 6 7 18 RSUE 6674 935 5 7 19 SWSU 6053 631 6 10 20 ASPU 6024 215 1 28 21 TSU 6000 560 5 11 22 NSUEM 5646 430 3 13 23 ASTU 5450 684 8 8 24 VSMA 5261 884 5 6 25 NovSU 4723 657 8 7 26 KSU 4718 561 5 8 27 VSAU 4636 548 9 8 28 DSAU 4571 476 1 10 29 SPbTU 4566 422 7 11 30 KSU 3901 607 5 6 31 ULSPU 3891 364 6 11 32 TSPU 3872 388 5 10 33 BSU 3677 333 2 11 34 IGEU 3625 415 5 9 35 MordGPI 3550 347 0 10 36 PSUAC 3370 300 2 11 37 VSPU 3208 359 3 9 38 ChuvSU 2784 347 0 8 39 LGPU 2472 301 3 8 40 PenzSTU 1829 200 5 9 41 ISAA 1185 127 4 9 42 PSAU 1177 148 2 8 43 SU 686 127 3 5

Chart 1. Number of staff in the International Office

SU 3 PSAU 2 ISAA 4 PenzSTU 5 LGPU 3 ChuvSU 0 VSPU 3 PSUAC 2 MordGPI 0 IGEU 5 BSU 2 TSPU 5 ULSPU 6 KSU 5 SPbTU 7 DSAU 1 VSAU 9 KSU 5 NovSU 8 VSMA 5 ASTU 8 NSUEM 3 TSU 5 ASPU 1 SWSU 6 RSUE 5 NNSTU 6 DSU 7 SRSPU(NPI) 5 NArFU 19 VolSU 5 VSTU 2 VSUT 8 SSEU 5 SSU 0 OSU 9 TSTU 5 NCFU 23 BSTU 14 KubSAU 3 TSU 30 SPbPU 36 DSTU 41 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Availability of Internationalization Strategic Plan Out of 43 respondents, 31 universities have reported that have internationalization strategy available (see Chart 2). In the further comments the universities have mostly mentioned that have the strategic plan incorporated in the General Strategic Master plan. Among the universities that have claimed the existence of a separate Strategic Plan of internationalization are Don State Technical University, Kuban State Agrarian University after T. Trubilin, Belgorod State Technological University.

Chart 2. Does your HEI have a strategic plan of internationalization? Please, attach

no 28%

yes 72%

Availability of Internal Procedures and Regulations on Management of International Activities

Among the respondent universities 33 have claimed the existence of a regulatory framework of Internal Procedures and Regulations on Management of international activities. Out of 33 universities that have claimed of the existence of certain regulatory framework, only eight universities have mentioned concrete examples of regulations, provisions, orders enacted in the universities for managing international relations. The list of the documents stated by the universities is provided below:

1. Peter the Great Sant Petersburg Polytechnic University  Provision on the Management of the international services,  Job descriptions,  Regulation on academic mobility,  Regulation on international educational programs,  Regulation on financial support for academic mobility.

2. Belgorod State Technological University  Regulation on the structural division,  Regulation on the department for work with foreign students,  Regulation on the department for the development of international activities,  Regulation on the regional resource center of French and German,  Regulation on the interuniversity center for academic mobility

3. North-Caucasus Federal University  Regulation on the organization of academic mobility in the North Caucasus Federal University, which regulates the procedure for preparing, coordinating and financing visits of students, graduate students, and employees to Russian and foreign educational institutions in order to achieve academic mobility.  Order "On streamlining the exchange of information in the implementation of international cooperation in the North-Caucasian Federal University, regulating the procedure of holding events for the reception of foreign partners and delegations.

4. Tambov State Technical University

 Regulation on the organization of international academic mobility  Regulation on the order of sending employees and students of the TSTU on business trips in and outside the Russian Federation  Regulation on the participation of students in exchange programs and internships abroad  Regulation on the conclusion and maintenance of international agreements (contracts, projects, grants);  The order of recognizing the periods of training and the re-registration of disciplines passed in foreign educational institution  The University has enacted a number of normative acts regulating the activities of units of the Department for International Relations, the rules for issuing invitations, incoming and outgoing academic mobility, holding international events, arranging admission of foreign delegations, stimulating academic mobility of staff, teachers and students

5. Volga State University of Technology

 Regulations on the structures of the International Cooperation Department (International Programs and Projects Department, Center for Work with Foreign Students, Sustainable Management and Remote Monitoring Center (research unit)  Personnel instructions,  Process charts related to the organization of admission of foreign citizens (for training and short-term visits), sending students and co-workers foreign business trips, international events on the basis of a university, etc.

6. Northern (Arctic) Federal University

 Regulation on the procedure for the admission of foreign delegations, groups, certain foreign citizens,  Procedure for the admission of foreign citizens to the Northern (Arctic) Federal University for the purpose of performing scientific and educational activities,  Procedure for recognizing the education received in a foreign state,  Regulation on the international academic mobility of students and other local normative acts.

7. Dagestan State University

 Procedure for preparing and organizing trips for students, postgraduates, teachers and researchers to Russian and foreign universities and scientific centers,  Procedure for inviting experts and specialists from outside organizations and institutions for participation in the educational and scientific activity.

8. Kursk State University

 Provision for the management of international relations,  Provision for the preparatory department for foreign citizens,  Position on the testing center for foreign citizens in the Russian language,

As It is vivid from the list provided above, most of the universities have certain regulatory framework for managing student, academic and research staff mobility, but there is lack of concrete examples of managing internationalization of research and innovation, internationalization on teaching and academic programs (e.g. regulations on dual and/or joint, multiple degrees) etc. The only exception is Peter the Great Sant Petersburg Polytechnic University, that has named the “Regulation on international educational programs”: this might be explained by the large number of dual degree programs (29 dual degree programs reported) offered by the university:

Analysis of section 2. International Mobility Outgoing and incoming student mobility

Chart 4 Illustrates the absolute numbers of incoming and outgoing students in the respondent universities. Big differences and imbalances are observed among universities, as well as between the number of incoming and outgoing students. There are several universities (including DSTU, SPbPU, TSU, BSTU and NCFU), which could be considered top sending when observing the absolute numbers. When observing the mobility percentages in the overall student though (See Chart 5.) The list might be amended; in this case the leading institutions in by the percentage of incoming students are SPbPU (30%), ISAA (25 %), VSMA (16%) and ASTU (16%).

The percentage of outgoing overall in the respondent universities is quite low: most of the universities do not step the limit of a one %, with some exceptions of around 2% and only NArFU (4.50%), SPbPU (3.83%) and VSAU (2.48%) have comparatively bigger statistics.

The list of top five hosting and sending countries are presented below in the Table 2 and Table 3 respectively.

Chart 4. Student Mobility

Number of incoming students (of all academic cyrcles, including full-degree students and wxchange students) Number of outgoing students

72 SU 0 42 PSAU 11 299 ISAA 15 142 PenzSTU 1 119 LGPU 4 0 ChuvSU 2 193 VSPU 7 175 PSUAC 50 158 MordGPI 20 111 IGEU 15 14 BSU 42 337 TSPU 83 125 ULSPU 24 269 KSU 78 182 SPbTU 28 270 DSAU 7 147 VSAU 115 401 KSU 53 503 NovSU 70 860 VSMA 11 873 ASTU 75 186 NSUEM 18 298 TSU 25 1 ASPU 4 526 SWSU 108 750 RSUE 40 156 NNSTU 8 302 DSU 43 506 SRSPU(NPI) 91 633 NArFU 362 283 VolSU 23 0 VSTU 15 750 VSUT 35 720 SSEU 56 869 SSU 12 0 OSU 126 673 TSTU 29 1,173 NCFU 61 1,470 BSTU 241 564 KubSAU 57 1,507 TSU 12 4,995 SPbPU 636 1,961 DSTU 68

Chart 5. prcentage of international students in the total student number/%/

% incoming students % of outgoing students

10 SU 0.00 4 PSAU 0.93 25 ISAA 1.27 8 PenzSTU 0.05 5 LGPU 0.16 0 ChuvSU 0.07 6 VSPU 0.22 5 PSUAC 1.48 4 MordGPI 0.56 3 IGEU 0.41 0 BSU 1.14 9 TSPU 2.14 3 ULSPU 0.62 7 KSU 2.00 4 SPbTU 0.61 6 DSAU 0.15 3 VSAU 2.48 8 KSU 1.12 11 NovSU 1.48 16 VSMA 0.21 16 ASTU 1.38 3 NSUEM 0.32 5 TSU 0.42 0 ASPU 0.07 9 SWSU 1.78 11 RSUE 0.60 2 NNSTU 0.12 4 DSU 0.56 7 SRSPU(NPI) 1.18 8 NArFU 4.50 3 VolSU 0.27 0 VSTU 0.17 8 VSUT 0.37 7 SSEU 0.58 9 SSU 0.12 0 OSU 1.23 6 TSTU 0.24 9 NCFU 0.47 10 BSTU 1.62 4 KubSAU 0.37 9 TSU 0.07 30 SPbPU 3.83 10 DSTU 0.34

Table 2. Top five host countries by universities

Name of 1 country 2 country 3 country 4 country 5 country your Institution DSTU Czeck Rep. Spain China Germany UK SPbPU Germany Finland China France South Korea TSU Belarus Germany Kazakhstan Serbia Italy KubSAU Czeck Rep. Germany France UK Italy BSTU Serbia Germany Morocco China France NCFU Italy Germany Great Britain Switzerland Belarus TSTU Germany Finland Italy Belarus China OSU France Belgium Germany Czech Republic China SSU Germany France Belgium Estonia 0 SSEU Czech Republic Portugal Germany France Finland VSUT Belarus Germany USA Slovakia Czech Republic VSTU Germany Hungary 0 0 0 VolSU Germany China Belgium France Spain NArFU Norway Germany China Finland Sweden SRSPU(NPI) Germany China Indonesia Israel Iraq DSU Iran Turkey Italy Germany Egypt NNSTU Sweden Italy Czech Republic Belarus Estonia RSUE France Italy Germany Sweden Great Britain SWSU Germany Bulgaria Hungary Ireland Czech Republic ASPU China Kazakhstan 0 0 0 TSU Germany France Finland Bulgaria Belgium NSUEM China South Korea Germany Czech Republic ASTU Poland France Kazakhstan Azerbaijan Turkey VSMA Germany 0 0 0 0 NovSU Belarus Poland Germany USA KSU Bulgaria China Germany Serbia Poland VSAU Germany Czech Republic Slovakia Belarus China DSAU Germany 0 0 0 0 SPbTU Germany France Estonia Poland Romania KSU Germany France China Czech Republic ULSPU France Kazakhstan Germany 0 0 TSPU China Germany Italy Great Britain France BSU Poland Bulgaria Germany France Belarus IGEU France Great Britain Germany Netherlands 0 MordGPI Germany Slovakia Czech Republic USA 0 PSUAC Finland China Sweden Poland Italy VSPU China Germany Italy France 0 ChuvSU China Germany 0 0 0 LGPU Germany USA 0 0 0 PenzSTU China 0 0 0 0 ISAA Germany 0 0 0 0 PSAU Germany 0 0 0 0 SU 0 0 0 0 0

Table 3. Top five sending countries by universities

Name of 1 country 2 country 3 country 4 country 5 country your Institution DSTU Ukrain China Palestine Zambia Egypt SPbPU Germany Finland China France South Korea TSU Vietnam Turkmenistan Tajikistan Uzbekistan Ukrain KubSAU Ukrain Uzbekistan Kazakhstan Iraq Turkmenistan BSTU Egypt Angola Syria Zambia Ghana NCFU Angola Ukraine Tajikistan Uzbekistan Azerbaijan TSTU Iraq Zambia Turkmenistan Equatorial Vietnam Guinea OSU India Guinea- Ukraine Turkmenistan Egypt Bissau SSU Turkmenistan Iraq Kazakhstan Turkey Nigeria SSEU Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Tajikistan Azerbaijan Turkmenistan VSUT Uzbekistan Tajikistan Kyrgyzstan Turkmenistan Azerbaijan VSTU Ukraine Iraq Moldova Uzbekistan Tajikistan VolSU China Ukraine Azerbaijan Tajikistan Germany NArFU Uzbekistan Норвегия Turkmenistan Germany Finland SRSPU(NPI) Ukraine Tajikistan Uzbekistan Iraq Lebanon DSU Azerbaijan Yemen Iraq Turkey Côte d'Ivoire

NNSTU China Tajikistan Kazakhstan Egypt Iraq RSUE Ukraine Armenia Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Ghana SWSU Nigeria Ecuador Congo Turkmenistan Ghana

ASPU Kazakhstan 0 0 0 0 TSU Turkmenistan Finland Ukraine Great Britain France, China NSUEM China Mongolia Kazakhstan Tajikistan Uzbekistan ASTU Kazakhstan Azerbaijan Turkmenistan Vietnam Ivory Coast VSMA Индия Vietnam Iraq Uzbekistan Turkmenistan NovSU Morocco Angola Ghana Tunisia USA KSU Turkmenistan Ukraine Moldova Iraq China VSAU Turkmenistan Ukraine Kazakhstan Azerbaijan Uzbekistan DSAU Ukraine Tajikistan Uzbekistan Абхазия Kazakhstan SPbTU Kazakhstan Belarus Ukraine Uzbekistan Algeria KSU Tajikistan Turkmenistan China Germany Czech Republic ULSPU Turkmenistan Ukraine China Kazakhstan Azerbaijan TSPU China Italy Vietnam Turkmenistan Afghanistan BSU Poland Azerbaijan Belarus Moldova Ukraine IGEU Turkmenistan Modova Syria Angola Congo MordGPI Turkmenistan Azerbaijan Ukraine Kazakhstan Belarus PSUAC Turkmenistan Tajikistan Uzbekistan Moldova Kazakhstan VSPU Turkmenistan Ukraine China Молдова Iraq ChuvSU 0 0 0 0 0 LGPU Turkmenistan Mongolia Zambia Congo Yemen PenzSTU Turkmenistan Tajikistan Egypt Uzbekistan Ukraine ISAA Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Azerbaijan Cameroon Turkmenistan PSAU Ukraine Turkmenistan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Armenia SU Azerbaijan Ukraine Kazakhstan Armenia Belarus

Methodological assistance to the students and employees

The vast majority of universities questioned (38 out of 43) provide methodological assistance to the students and employees to participate in academic mobility programs.

Chart 6. Do you provide methodological assistance to students and employees to participate in academic mobility programs? Please, give a brief description of the ongoing work in this direction

no 12%

yes 88%

The universities have clearly mentioned number of services and types of support activities during the mobility, including but not limited to assistance during the application procedure, visa, orientation meetings, credit transfer, trained support and monitoring of training in a foreign university, ongoing consultations etc.

Analysis section 3. Internationalization of teaching and academic programs

Incoming academic staff

Chart 7. Number of Incoming faculty

who are employed under formal employment contract in your institution who temporary visit your institution to carry out teaching activity

6 SU 0 5 PSAU 0 0 ISAA 0 1 PenzSTU 1 20 LGPU 0 2 ChuvSU 1 5 VSPU 2 3 PSUAC 3 11 MordGPI 0 10 IGEU 1 7 BSU 3 68 TSPU 5 6 ULSPU 0 1 KSU 7 0 SPbTU 0 5 DSAU 0 147 VSAU 0 54 KSU 11 0 NovSU 6 7 VSMA 8 19 ASTU 3 0 NSUEM 0 0 TSU 6 2 ASPU 0 71 SWSU 14 2 RSUE 3 72 NNSTU 5 32 DSU 38 54 SRSPU(NPI) 0 130 NArFU 51 37 VolSU 3 6 VSTU 0 50 VSUT 4 7 SSEU 8 95 SSU 6 28 OSU 2 81 TSTU 39 108 NCFU 23 95 BSTU 14 24 KubSAU 2 0 TSU 0 201 SPbPU 223 85 DSTU 16

Chart 8. Percentage of Incoming faculty in total faculty

SU 5 PSAU 3 ISAA 0 PenzSTU 1 LGPU 7 ChuvSU 1 VSPU 1 PSUAC 1 MordGPI 3 IGEU 2 BSU 2 TSPU 18 ULSPU 2 KSU 0 SPbTU 0 DSAU 1 VSAU 27 KSU 10 NovSU 0 VSMA 1 ASTU 3 NSUEM 0 TSU 0 ASPU 1 SWSU 11 RSUE 0 NNSTU 7 DSU 4 SRSPU(NPI) 0 NArFU 5 VolSU 8 VSTU 1 VSUT 9 SSEU 2 SSU 9 OSU 2 TSTU 17 NCFU 9 BSTU 13 KubSAU 2 TSU 0 SPbPU 7 DSTU 4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

In case if taking consideration the absolute numbers (Chart 7) of (i) faculty employed under formal employment contract, as well as (ii) who temporary visit the respondent institutions to carry out teaching activity, the leading institutions will be:

 Peter the Great Sant Petersburg Polytechnic University: 201 (formal contract) and 223 (temporary visits),  Voronezh State Agricultural University named after Peter the Great (147 full time contract, 0 temporary)  Northern (Arctic) Federal University: 130 (formal contract) and 51(temporary visits).

When absolute numbers are benchmarked to the total faculty number, the percentile is calculated (Chart 8), the reality is changing. In this case the highest percentage of academic staff with formal employment gains Voronezh State Agricultural University named after Peter the Great (27 % of faculty is international with formal contract), followed by TSPU (18%) and TSTU (17%).

As depicted in Chart 7 and Chart 8 significant imbalances are observed among institutions. There are number of universities having incoming faculty mobility neither on temporary, nor on the permanent bases. On the contrast, number of universities have reported more than 15 5of permanent faculty with formal contract.

Academic staff sent abroad

Chart 9. Number of academic staff (of all categories) sent abroad

SU 6 PSAU 3 ISAA 0 PenzSTU 0 LGPU 0 ChuvSU 0 VSPU 5 PSUAC 0 MordGPI 0 IGEU 2 BSU 0 TSPU 5 ULSPU 0 KSU 48 SPbTU 65 DSAU 1 VSAU 1 KSU 1 NovSU 75 VSMA 2 ASTU 0 NSUEM 5 TSU 29 ASPU 0 SWSU 8 RSUE 4 NNSTU 0 DSU 3 SRSPU(NPI) 1 NArFU 7 VolSU 1 VSTU 0 VSUT 1 SSEU 15 SSU 1 OSU 2 TSTU 4 NCFU 4 BSTU 18 KubSAU 1 TSU 59 SPbPU 1045 DSTU 3 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Chart 10. Academic stuff (of all categories) sent abroad (%)

SU 5 PSAU 2 ISAA 0 PenzSTU 0 LGPU 0 ChuvSU 0 VSPU 1 PSUAC 0 MordGPI 0 IGEU 0 BSU 0 TSPU 1 ULSPU 0 KSU 8 SPbTU 15 DSAU 0 VSAU 0 KSU 0 NovSU 11 VSMA 0 ASTU 0 NSUEM 1 TSU 5 ASPU 0 SWSU 1 RSUE 0 NNSTU 0 DSU 0 SRSPU(NPI) 0 NArFU 0 VolSU 0 VSTU 0 VSUT 0 SSEU 3 SSU 0 OSU 0 TSTU 1 NCFU 0 BSTU 2 KubSAU 0 TSU 7 SPbPU 36 DSTU 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Chart 9 (absolute numbers) and Chart 10 (percentages) illustrate the numbers of academic staff sent abroad in all categories.

On the overall contrast of low number of outgoing faculty mobility, three universities have reported comparatively large number (above 10%) including:

 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University (36%)  Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) (15%),  Novgorod State University after Yaroslav-the-Wise (11%).

Around thirty universities have either very small (below 1 %) or zero % outgouing faculty mobility.

Strategy to attract foreign professors

Based on the data provided 44 % of respondent universities declare the existence of strategy to attract foreign professors and distinguished academic staff, or has separate funding. The universities have mentioned several external funds (e.g. Fulbright program) and sources for financing the visit of international academic staff. More than half of the respondent universities have no strategy to attract foreign professors, which explains the low number of incoming faculty (Chart 8) in most of the respondent universities.

Chart 11. Does your HEI have a strategy to attract foreign professors and distinguished academic staff or a separate funding? Please, give a brief description of the ongoing work in this direction.

yes 44%

no 56%

System of rewards for teaching in English

Several universities claim of having system of financial rewards of employees who study and teach foreign languages. The following universities have mentioned concrete rewards, namely:

1․ Don State Technical University - As part of the implementation of measures aimed at motivating faculty to actively participate in the implementation of international activities, a number of criteria and indicators are included in the "Effective Contract" system. These indicators stimulate the faculty to raise the level of foreign-language communicative competence for the purpose of developing and implementing educational programs in a foreign language, participating in international projects and programs, publishing works in a foreign language.

2. Belgorod State Technological University

 The hourly load is paid in double volume,  Free courses for employees and teachers,

3. North-Caucasus Federal University

 In direct form, surcharges are not provided, however, in calculating the load of teachers who provide the educational process in a foreign language, the university starts from the ratio of 2 hours per hour of classroom load in the relevant disciplines of the curriculum.

3. Dagestan State University

 Employees of the Dagestan State University who teach in foreign languages are paid 20% bonus, material incentives and quarterly bonuses are also provided.

4. Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

 Additional points to the rating of the teachers thus increase of salary.

5. Penza State University of Architecture and Construction

 Payment of incentive allowances

6. Penza State Technological University

 Payment of incentive allowances

Internationalization of academic programs

Most of the respondent universities didn’t mention concrete numbers of available programs taught in foreign languages. Out of 43 universities 18 do not provide any joint/double/multiple degree program and have very much limited number oof courses taught in foreign languages.

The Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University is leading with the number and experience of joint/double/multiple degree programs having 29 programs implemented. The Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) has developed and implemented 9 dual degree programs, Tver State University – 6 programs, Novgorod State University after Yaroslav-the- Wise – 6 programs, Kostrom State University – 1program, Belgorod State Technological University – 4 dual degree programs.

North-Caucasus Federal University implements bilingual educational programs (10 BA and 6 MA), but it was not further defined whether the programs are dual/joint or not.

Analysis section 4. International Impact and Visibility

Most of the universities promote the official web site in up to three languages, with an exception of DSU (6 languages), VolSU (5), OSU (4) and TSTU (4).

Chart 12. Web-site languages

SU 1 PSAU 0 ISAA 1 PenzSTU 3 LGPU 5 ChuvSU 0 VSPU 1 PSUAC 1 MordGPI 0 IGEU 0 BSU 1 TSPU 2 ULSPU 2 KSU 2 SPbTU 0 DSAU 1 VSAU 4 KSU 0 NovSU 2 VSMA 1 ASTU 0 NSUEM 3 TSU 3 ASPU 1 SWSU 3 RSUE 1 NNSTU 1 DSU 6 SRSPU(NPI) 1 NArFU 1 VolSU 5 VSTU 2 VSUT 2 SSEU 1 SSU 1 OSU 4 TSTU 4 NCFU 1 BSTU 2 KubSAU 3 TSU 3 SPbPU 2 DSTU 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

The highest participation number in the international fairs have reported the NNSTU (75) followed by the SPbTU (30), SWSU (21) and DSTU (23) (Chart 13).

Chart 13. Participation in international fairs

SU 0 PSAU 4 ISAA 0 PenzSTU 0 LGPU 1 ChuvSU 3 VSPU 0 PSUAC 7 MordGPI 6 IGEU 5 BSU 8 TSPU 5 ULSPU 0 KSU 1 SPbTU 30 DSAU 2 VSAU 3 KSU 9 NovSU 0 VSMA 1 ASTU 0 NSUEM 11 TSU 1 ASPU 3 SWSU 21 RSUE 2 NNSTU 75 DSU 4 SRSPU(NPI) 6 NArFU 6 VolSU 4 VSTU 0 VSUT 12 SSEU 2 SSU 0 OSU 6 TSTU 10 NCFU 8 BSTU 6 KubSAU 12 TSU 1 SPbPU 12 DSTU 23 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

The highest number of international agreements among the respondent universities have reported SpbPU and followed by SWSU (Chart 14).

Chart 14. International agreements

SU 7 PSAU 5 ISAA 0 PenzSTU 22 LGPU 4 ChuvSU 33 VSPU 5 PSUAC 43 MordGPI 2 IGEU 23 BSU 30 TSPU 80 ULSPU 23 KSU 73 SPbTU 53 DSAU 8 VSAU 59 KSU 93 NovSU 68 VSMA 57 ASTU 58 NSUEM 2 TSU 26 ASPU 12 SWSU 122 RSUE 30 NNSTU 38 DSU 43 SRSPU(NPI) 36 NArFU 74 VolSU 43 VSTU 38 VSUT 75 SSEU 15 SSU 45 OSU 62 TSTU 82 NCFU 86 BSTU 101 KubSAU 26 TSU 17 SPbPU 342 DSTU 96 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

MordGPI is in a leading position with the number of international associations and networks followed by DSTU (Chart 15).

Chart 15. Number of memberships

SU 3 PSAU 0 ISAA 0 PenzSTU 0 LGPU 2 ChuvSU 2 VSPU 0 PSUAC 2 MordGPI 15 IGEU 1 BSU 0 TSPU 5 ULSPU 2 KSU 7 SPbTU 0 DSAU 0 VSAU 3 KSU 8 NovSU 3 VSMA 0 ASTU 7 NSUEM 1 TSU 5 ASPU 1 SWSU 6 RSUE 5 NNSTU 10 DSU 6 SRSPU(NPI) 0 NArFU 8 VolSU 1 VSTU 0 VSUT 5 SSEU 1 SSU 3 OSU 6 TSTU 3 NCFU 9 BSTU 6 KubSAU 5 TSU 0 SPbPU 5 DSTU 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Only 15 universities have reported about the existence of a separate division/working group responsible for the participation in the international rankings (Chart 16).

Chart 16. Working group for International ranking Does your HEI have a separate division/working group responsible for the participation on the international rakings?

Yes 35%

No 65%

Analysis section 5. International research and educational projects

Eleven universities out of 43 have no research project available as of 2015-2016 academic year, while NarFU, on the contrast, stand out with the highest value of 43 research projects. As Chart 17 illustrates, there is significant imbalance not only among institutions, but also between the research and educational programs.

Chart 17. Educational vs. research projects

4 SU 0 1 PSAU 3 0 ISAA 0 0 PenzSTU 0 0 LGPU 5 0 ChuvSU 13 4 VSPU 6 0 PSUAC 0 2 MordGPI 2 4 IGEU 4 0 BSU 0 17 TSPU 2 3 ULSPU 23 13 KSU 9 7 SPbTU 5 0 DSAU 2 7 VSAU 4 16 KSU 3 5 NovSU 1 2 VSMA 8 2 Number of international ASTU 0 1 educational projects NSUEM 0 1 TSU 0 Number of international research 0 ASPU 0 projects 23 SWSU 4 1 RSUE 1 0 NNSTU 5 2 DSU 9 3 SRSPU(NPI) 6 42 NArFU 25 2 VolSU 2 1 VSTU 0 3 VSUT 8 15 SSEU 2 16 SSU 3 8 OSU 6 4 TSTU 9 4 NCFU 5 15 BSTU 10 4 KubSAU 4 4 TSU 8 9 SPbPU 2 11 DSTU 9 0 10 20 30 40 50

The last question on methodological assistance to employees for participating in the international programs and projects received mostly positive responses (Chart 18) and in the remarks the universities have provided concrete examples of support.

Chart 18. Methodological assistance Do you offer methodical assistance to employees for participating in the international programs and projects?

no 28%

yes 72%

Some examples of the methodological assistance given by the universities are as follows:

- info sessions - registration of applications, - translation of documents into foreign languages, - negotiation and correspondence with foreign partners, - visa support, - execution of contracts and orders, - assistance in registration of accounting documentation etc.

References

 http://www.edu.ru  http://www.vovr.ru/  http://www.hetoday.org/  http://mon.gov.ru/  http://www.obrnadzor.gov.ru/  http://www.firo.ru/

Bibliography Study in Russia . n.d. http://studyinrussia.ru/en/why-russia/ (accessed 10 11, 2017). THEDataPoints. n.d. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/sites/default/files/the_datapoints_brochure_cro pmark_free.pdf (accessed 10 08, 2017). Times Higher Education . n.d. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university- rankings/2018/world-ranking#!/page/0/length/25/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats (accessed 10 08, 2017). World Education News and Reveiws . n.d. https://wenr.wes.org/2017/06/education-in-the-russian- federation (accessed 10 11, 2017).