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Romanian Military Pharmacy Service During the World War I 19 Novembre 2019 Adriana-Elena T?Erel, Emilia Stancu, Cristina Rais, Valentina Soroceanu, Ana Carata

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Romanian Military Pharmacy Service During the World War I 19 Novembre 2019 Adriana-Elena T?Erel, Emilia Stancu, Cristina Rais, Valentina Soroceanu, Ana Carata Tribunale Bologna 24.07.2007, n.7770 - ISSN 2239-7752 Direttore responsabile: Antonio Zama Romanian Military Pharmacy Service During the World War I 19 Novembre 2019 Adriana-Elena T?erel, Emilia Stancu, Cristina Rais, Valentina Soroceanu, Ana Carata Abstract World War I stemmed from the fight to reshape the spheres of influence among the great powers grouped a round the two forces: Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary) and Entente Powers (British Empire , France and Russia). The War broke out on 28 July 1914 following Austria- Hungary’s attack on Serbia, a nd involved 33 countries with a population of over 1 billion inhabitants. Following a period of neutrality of approximately two years, Romania joined the War as part of the Entente on 15 August 1916 hoping for national unity. Upon mobilisation, the total number of medical officers in act ive duty and in reserve duty was 2,409, of which 41 were pharmacist officers in reserve duty, 43 were pha rmacist officers in reserve duty called for service and 505 pharmacist officers in reserve duty. During those difficult times, Colonel Pharmacist Constantin Meri?anu stood out as leader of the military and civil Pharm aceutical Service, Chief-Pharmacist of the Army and Head of the Central Medical Supplies Warehouse. Content This paper relies mostly on the documents available in the personal archive (PA) of Colonel Pharmac ist Constantin Iugulescu (1924-2006). This personal archive includes 156 files and resulted from systemati c research across important Romanian state institutions: Archives of the Ministry of National Defense, the Academy Library, National Archives. Special focus is put on the military medical service (56 files), the fie ld in which C. Iugulescu obtained his Doctor of Pharmacy title in 1975. Important information on the Romanian medical service during World War I was also preserved due to off icial reports: - Dare de seama asupra desfasurarii activitatii Serviciului farmaceutic in primul razboi mondial (R eport on the activity of the Pharmacy Service during World War I) prepared by Colonel Constantin Merisa nu, Chief Pharmacist of the Army and Head of the Central Medical Supplies Warehouse. This document arc hived with the Bucharest Military Hospital reports the author’s experience in his previous positions (the hig hest ranking in the military pharmacy service) and his achievements throughout the War [2]; - Registrul istoric al depozitului sanitar mobil nr. 2 (Historical log of the mobile medical warehose no. 2) drawn up by the reserve pharmacist captain Vasile Grigorescu-Elvir [2]. As at 15 August 1916, when Romania joins the War as part of the Entente, there were 2,409 medical office rs (in active and reserve duty). The pharmacists were: 41 officers in active duty, 43 officers in reserve duty called for service and 505 officers in reserve duty [4]. During the war, 38 of them died [2]. France’s constant support for our country in modern history also manifested during the two years (1916-1918) that the Romanian Army forces fought the World War I. The French military mission led by General Henri Mathias Berthelot (1861-1931) significantly contribute d to the reorganisation of the Romanian Army, also helping with medical personnel (88 doctors and pharm acists) and ambulances. In addition to these statistics, here are the names of a few pharmacists who acted with professionalism, cour age and loyalty. Constantin Meri?anu (17 January 1864 – 9 July 1931) was born in Olt County, Buze?tiCommune. He joined the Army in 1886 and promoted to Batallion Pharmacist in 1888 when he was assigned to Constan?a. The same year, on 16 October 1888 he was appointed chemistry teacher with the Sub- Officers School in Bistrita, Valcea County. He was then promoted to Pharmacist Lieutenant (1892) and Captain (189 7), and appointed Head of Department with the Army’s Chemistry Lab in Bucharest. In 1909 he was appointed Chief Pharmacist in the Romanian Ar my with the degree of lieutenant- colonel. In this capacity he wa s in charge of equipping the Army (medicines, sanitary supplies) and the good organisation of regional and central warehouses. I n 1912 he was promoted to Colonel as the first military pharmac ist with such a degree. When the Central Medical Warehouse Directorate was established (1915), the authorities appointe d Colonel Constantin Meri?anu as Chief. He also promoted youn g military students whom he helped study abroad. Al. Ionescu-M atiu and Ghe. Pamfil were among those young people who went on to have brilliant careers. Constantin Cerbulescu (24 December 1882 – 6 November 1972) was born in Mehedin?i County, Burila Mic? Commune. He was among the ilustruous military pharmacists who took part in the historical events i nvolving Romania during the first half of the 20th century: the Bulgarian campaign during the 1913 Ba lkanic conflict, World War I and World War II. He joined the Army in 1905 and promoted to colonel in 1911. He served during the World War I as pharmacist captain in the medical service of the Great General Headquarters that took refuge in Iasi. This information is available in two documents kept in pharmacist c olonel Constantin Iugulescu’s personal archive: - Convorbire cu gen. rez. Farm. Dr. Constantin Cerbulescu la data de 16 sept. 1972, Bucuresti; - Necrologul gen. rez. Farm. Dr. Constantin Cerbulescu (1882-1972) As a pharmacist, he was passionate about chemical analysis and specialised in the field. He got his Do ctor of Pharmacy degree (1917) and the title as expert chemist (1924), two qualifications that allowe d him to manage the Army’s test laboratories. He was awarded the Sanitary Merit Medal Class II in 1916 and received the Commemorative Cross of the 1916-1918 War in 1919. Gheorghe Grin?escu (26 April 1878 – 8 September 1956) was born in Petricani, Neam? County. In 1900 he was the highest-ranking candidate to get into the Medical-Military Institute as in-house pharmacist. I n 1903 he was promoted to sublieutenant and assigned to Army Corps 2 and relocated to the Central Militar y Hospital in 1905. On 1 April 1916 he was sent to the Sanitary Warehouse of Army Corps 2 and promoted to major in Novem ber. He became lieutenant-colonel in 1917 and put in charge of the evacuation of the Iasi warehouses to Odessa. He was here when the bolsheviks took the power. He also had a remarkable scientific activity with more than 60 papers published in the fields of botanics a nd pharmacognosy. He was awarded Sanitary Merit Class II with war medal, the Commemorative Cross of the 1916-1918 Wa r, the Golden Honorary Distinction for a 25-year servicein the Army. Contributo selezionato da Filodiritto tra quelli pubblicati nei Proceedings “117th Romanian National Congress of Pharmacy - 2018” Per acquistare i Proceedings clicca qui. Contribution selected by Filodiritto among those published in the Proceedings “17th Romanian National Congress of Pharmacy - 2018” To buy the Proceedings click here. REFERENCES 1. Iugulescu, C-tin – Personal Archive 2. Iugulescu, C-tin – Pagini din trecutul farmaciei militare romanesti, Ed. Sitech, Craiova, 2008, p. 10, 193- 206. 3. Lipan, V – Dictionar biografic de farmacisti români, Ed. Farmaceutic?, vol I, pp. 153-156, 343-349 ?i vo l. II, pp. 105-107 4. Lipan, V – Istoria farmaciei române în date, Ed Farmaceutic?, Bucure?ti, 2009, p. 229 TAG: pharmacist, World War I, proceedings Avvertenza La pubblicazione di contributi, approfondimenti, articoli e in genere di tutte le opere dottrinarie e di commento (ivi comprese le news) presenti su Filodiritto è stata concessa (e richiesta) dai rispettivi autori, titolari di tutti i diritti morali e patrimoniali ai sensi della legge sul diritto d'autore e sui diritti connessi (Legge 633/1941). La riproduzione ed ogni altra forma di diffusione al pubblico delle predette opere (anche in parte), in difetto di autorizzazione dell'autore, è punita a norma degli articoli 171, 171-bis, 171- ter, 174-bis e 174-ter della menzionata Legge 633/1941. È consentito scaricare, prendere visione, estrarre copia o stampare i documenti pubblicati su Filodiritto nella sezione Dottrina per ragioni esclusivamente personali, a scopo informativo-culturale e non commerciale, esclusa ogni modifica o alterazione. Sono parimenti consentite le citazioni a titolo di cronaca, studio, critica o recensione, purché accompagnate dal nome dell'autore dell'articolo e dall'indicazione della fonte, ad esempio: Luca Martini, La discrezionalità del sanitario nella qualificazione di reato perseguibile d'ufficio ai fini dell'obbligo di referto ex. art 365 cod. pen., in "Filodiritto" (https://www.filodiritto.com), con relativo collegamento ipertestuale. Se l'autore non è altrimenti indicato i diritti sono di Inforomatica S.r.l. e la riproduzione è vietata senza il consenso esplicito della stessa. È sempre gradita la comunicazione del testo, telematico o cartaceo, ove è avvenuta la citazione. Filodiritto(Filodiritto.com) un marchio di InFOROmatica S.r.l.
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