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The Effect of Observable Party Cohesion on Voter Choice in Liberal Democracies
PhD in Political Science The effect of observable party cohesion on voter choice in liberal democracies. Candidate David Jack Barrett Supervisor Michael Gallagher September 2017 2 Declaration I declare that this thesis has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and it is entirely my own work. I agree to deposit this thesis in the University’s open access institutional repository or allow the library to do so on my behalf, subject to Irish Copyright Legislation and Trinity College Library conditions of use and acknowledgement. Date Signature 3 Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the help of a large number of people, and I would like to take the opportunity to express my thanks and gratitude to them. First, my supervisor Michael Gallagher has truly been extraordinarily helpful, providing comments and feedback at every point in the last four years, often at quite short notice. His encouragement and advice both on this thesis, but also in teaching and to attending conferences has always been wonderful. Certainly no one could have asked for a more patient and forgiving supervisor. This thesis would have been impossible without the financial support provided by the Irish Research Council (IRC) and by the Department of Political Science at Trinity College Dublin. My work is deeply in the debt of many scholars. James Davidson in the University of Exeter though, especially, provided me with much of the data used in Chapter Five in this thesis that he had gathered for his own research, and answered my endless questions regarding it, without which this research would have been impossible. -
Who's Progressive Now?
Who’s progressive now? Greg Clark MP Jeremy Hunt MP Who’s progressive now? Greg Clark MP Jeremy Hunt MP 1 Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Peter Franklin, Joanna Garner, Adam Smith and David O’Leary for their help in preparing this booklet. 2 Chapter 1: Progressive politics Introduction – whatever happened to the ‘Progressive Consensus’? During the last five years, Gordon Brown and his retinue of younger advisers have been on a quest – to define a political project that will in turn define his premiership. It has proved to be an arid task. Smith Institute seminars in 11 Downing Street have cast around in vain for a purpose that could be described coherently, let alone one that could be said to define the Brown vision. In the end, the task has been abandoned. Three events in the space of three weeks signalled the emptiness of Labour’s intellectual larder. First - the new Prime Minister’s barren conference speech in Brighton in September revealed that the preceding groundwork of seminars, symposia and speeches had offered up nothing usable. Next, the cancellation of the expected election, which was explained as allowing the Prime Minister another two years to set out his vision, was in fact a recognition that there was no vision to set out that would survive the scrutiny of an election campaign. Then came the intellectual surrender of the following week, in which Conservative reforms to inheritance tax set the agenda for what was, in effect, the first Budget of the Brown premiership. With no new idea that did not come from the Opposition, Alistair Darling’s statement signalled the end of the new regime’s ambition to forge an agenda of its own. -
What Happens After an Indecisive Election Result?
BRIEFING PAPER Number 07163, 9 June 2017 What happens after an By Lucinda Maer indecisive election result? Gail Bartlett Inside: 1. Forming a government after a hung parliament 2. “Caretaker” administrations 3. The meeting of a new Parliament 4. The Queen’s Speech 5. An investiture vote? www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary Number 07163, 9 June 2017 2 Contents Summary 3 1. Forming a government after a hung parliament 5 1.1 What kind of government can form? 5 1.2 Historical precedents 6 1.3 When should an incumbent Prime Minister resign? 7 1.4 How long does government formation take? 9 1.5 Internal party consultation 9 1.6 Role of the House of Commons 10 1.7 Effects of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 10 2. “Caretaker” administrations 12 2.1 What is a “caretaker” administration? 12 2.2 The nature of the restrictions on government action 12 2.3 When do the restrictions end? 13 3. The meeting of a new Parliament 15 3.1 When does a Parliament return? 15 4. The Queen’s Speech 17 4.1 When does the Queen’s Speech take place? 17 4.2 The debate on the Address 17 5. An investiture vote? 19 Cover page image copyright UK Parliament 3 What happens after an indecisive election result? Summary Following the 2017 general election, held on 8 June 2017, the Conservative Party was returned as the largest party, but did not have an overall majority in the House of Commons. -
Research Note: Former Special Advisers in Cabinet, 1979-2013
Research Note: Former Special Advisers in Cabinet, 1979-2013 Executive Summary Sixteen special advisers have gone on to become Cabinet Ministers. This means that of the 492 special advisers listed in the Constitution Unit database in the period 1979-2010, only 3% entered Cabinet. Seven Conservative party Cabinet members were formerly special advisers. o Four Conservative special advisers went on to become Cabinet Ministers in the 1979-1997 period of Conservative governments. o Three former Conservative special advisers currently sit in the Coalition Cabinet: David Cameron, George Osborne and Jonathan Hill. Eight Labour Cabinet members between 1997-2010 were former special advisers. o Five of the eight former special advisers brought into the Labour Cabinet between 1997-2010 had been special advisers to Tony Blair or Gordon Brown. o Jack Straw entered Cabinet in 1997 having been a special adviser before 1979. One Liberal Democrat Cabinet member, Vince Cable, was previously a special adviser to a Labour minister. The Coalition Cabinet of January 2013 currently has four members who were once special advisers. o Also attending Cabinet meetings is another former special adviser: Oliver Letwin as Minister of State for Policy. There are traditionally 21 or 22 Ministers who sit in Cabinet. Unsurprisingly, the number and proportion of Cabinet Ministers who were previously special advisers generally increases the longer governments go on. The number of Cabinet Ministers who were formerly special advisers was greatest at the end of the Labour administration (1997-2010) when seven of the Cabinet Ministers were former special advisers. The proportion of Cabinet made up of former special advisers was greatest in Gordon Brown’s Cabinet when almost one-third (30.5%) of the Cabinet were former special advisers. -
Nutt Dismissal in Britain Highlights Diverging Drug Views
NEWS Testy debate: Looking ahead: 2009 in review: Biomarkers for Warwick Anderson We take a look prostate cancer discusses funding back at the past stir controversy in Australia year’s headlines 1339 1346 1348 Nutt dismissal in Britain highlights diverging drug views At a time when the US government has Jacqui Smith over a paper Nutt published in signaled a softer stance on medical marijuana, January on perceptions of risk that compared the dismissal of an independent drug advisor 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in Britain has highlighted the UK’s hard-line (MDMA, or ‘ecstasy’) use to horse riding (J. stance on illegal substances. Psychopharmacol. 23, 3–5; 2009). David Nutt, until recently chair of the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs Public dispute (ACMD), was fired by UK Home Secretary In a statement, Johnson claimed that Nutt’s Alan Johnson on 30 October. The sacking comments “damage efforts to give the public followed the issuing of a press release relating clear messages about the dangers of drugs.” to a lecture on drug risk and classification that Nutt, however, has hit back in a series of Nutt gave in July at King’s College London. interviews attacking the Labour government’s In his lecture, Nutt criticized the lack of approach to the issue of drugs. evidence for the current classification of drugs As Nature Medicine went to press, no less in the UK and claimed that this undermined than five members of the ACMD had resigned the credibility of the official message on drugs. in protest of Nutt’s dismissal. -
Tory Modernisation 2.0 Tory Modernisation
Edited by Ryan Shorthouse and Guy Stagg Guy and Shorthouse Ryan by Edited TORY MODERNISATION 2.0 MODERNISATION TORY edited by Ryan Shorthouse and Guy Stagg TORY MODERNISATION 2.0 THE FUTURE OF THE CONSERVATIVE PARTY TORY MODERNISATION 2.0 The future of the Conservative Party Edited by Ryan Shorthouse and Guy Stagg The moral right of the authors has been asserted. All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or introduced into a re- trieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the publisher of this book. Bright Blue is an independent, not-for-profit organisation which cam- paigns for the Conservative Party to implement liberal and progressive policies that draw on Conservative traditions of community, entre- preneurialism, responsibility, liberty and fairness. First published in Great Britain in 2013 by Bright Blue Campaign www.brightblue.org.uk ISBN: 978-1-911128-00-7 Copyright © Bright Blue Campaign, 2013 Printed and bound by DG3 Designed by Soapbox, www.soapbox.co.uk Contents Acknowledgements 1 Foreword 2 Rt Hon Francis Maude MP Introduction 5 Ryan Shorthouse and Guy Stagg 1 Last chance saloon 12 The history and future of Tory modernisation Matthew d’Ancona 2 Beyond bare-earth Conservatism 25 The future of the British economy Rt Hon David Willetts MP 3 What’s wrong with the Tory party? 36 And why hasn’t -
FDN-274688 Disclosure
FDN-274688 Disclosure MP Total Adam Afriyie 5 Adam Holloway 4 Adrian Bailey 7 Alan Campbell 3 Alan Duncan 2 Alan Haselhurst 5 Alan Johnson 5 Alan Meale 2 Alan Whitehead 1 Alasdair McDonnell 1 Albert Owen 5 Alberto Costa 7 Alec Shelbrooke 3 Alex Chalk 6 Alex Cunningham 1 Alex Salmond 2 Alison McGovern 2 Alison Thewliss 1 Alistair Burt 6 Alistair Carmichael 1 Alok Sharma 4 Alun Cairns 3 Amanda Solloway 1 Amber Rudd 10 Andrea Jenkyns 9 Andrea Leadsom 3 Andrew Bingham 6 Andrew Bridgen 1 Andrew Griffiths 4 Andrew Gwynne 2 Andrew Jones 1 Andrew Mitchell 9 Andrew Murrison 4 Andrew Percy 4 Andrew Rosindell 4 Andrew Selous 10 Andrew Smith 5 Andrew Stephenson 4 Andrew Turner 3 Andrew Tyrie 8 Andy Burnham 1 Andy McDonald 2 Andy Slaughter 8 FDN-274688 Disclosure Angela Crawley 3 Angela Eagle 3 Angela Rayner 7 Angela Smith 3 Angela Watkinson 1 Angus MacNeil 1 Ann Clwyd 3 Ann Coffey 5 Anna Soubry 1 Anna Turley 6 Anne Main 4 Anne McLaughlin 3 Anne Milton 4 Anne-Marie Morris 1 Anne-Marie Trevelyan 3 Antoinette Sandbach 1 Barry Gardiner 9 Barry Sheerman 3 Ben Bradshaw 6 Ben Gummer 3 Ben Howlett 2 Ben Wallace 8 Bernard Jenkin 45 Bill Wiggin 4 Bob Blackman 3 Bob Stewart 4 Boris Johnson 5 Brandon Lewis 1 Brendan O'Hara 5 Bridget Phillipson 2 Byron Davies 1 Callum McCaig 6 Calum Kerr 3 Carol Monaghan 6 Caroline Ansell 4 Caroline Dinenage 4 Caroline Flint 2 Caroline Johnson 4 Caroline Lucas 7 Caroline Nokes 2 Caroline Spelman 3 Carolyn Harris 3 Cat Smith 4 Catherine McKinnell 1 FDN-274688 Disclosure Catherine West 7 Charles Walker 8 Charlie Elphicke 7 Charlotte -
Women Mps in Westminster Photographs Taken May 21St, June 3Rd, June 4Th, 2008
“The House of Commons Works of Art Collection documents significant moments in Parliamentary history. We are delighted to have added this unique photographic record of women MPs of today, to mark the 90th anniversary of women first being able to take their seats in this House” – Hugo Swire, Chairman, The Speaker's Advisory Committee on Works of Art. “The day the Carlton Club accepted women” – 90 years after women first got the vote aim to ensure that a more enduring image of On May 21st 2008 over half of all women women's participation in the political process Members of Parliament in Westminster survives. gathered party by party to have group photographs taken to mark the anniversary of Each party gave its permission for the 90 years since women first got the vote (in photographs to be taken. For the Labour February 1918 women over 30 were first Party, Barbara Follett MP, the then Deputy granted the vote). Minister for Women and Equality, and Barbara Keeley MP, who was Chair of the Labour Party Women’s Committee and The four new composite Caroline Adams, who works for the photographs taken party by Parliamentary Labour Party helped ensure that all but 12 of the Labour women party aim to ensure that a attended. more enduring image of For the Conservative women's participation in the Party, The Shadow Leader of the House of political process survives Commons and Shadow Minister for Until now the most often used photographic Women, Theresa May image of women MPs had been the so called MP and the Chairman “Blair Babes” picture taken on 7th May 1997 of the Conservative shortly after 101 Labour women were elected Party, Caroline to Westminster as a result of positive action by Spelman MP, enlisted the Labour Party. -
Liberals in Coalition
For the study of Liberal, SDP and Issue 72 / Autumn 2011 / £10.00 Liberal Democrat history Journal of LiberalHI ST O R Y Liberals in coalition Vernon Bogdanor Riding the tiger The Liberal experience of coalition government Ian Cawood A ‘distinction without a difference’? Liberal Unionists and Conservatives Kenneth O. Morgan Liberals in coalition, 1916–1922 David Dutton Liberalism and the National Government, 1931–1940 Matt Cole ‘Be careful what you wish for’ Lessons of the Lib–Lab Pact Liberal Democrat History Group 2 Journal of Liberal History 72 Autumn 2011 new book from tHe History Group for details, see back page Journal of Liberal History issue 72: Autumn 2011 The Journal of Liberal History is published quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group. ISSN 1479-9642 Riding the tiger: the Liberal experience of 4 Editor: Duncan Brack coalition government Deputy Editor: Tom Kiehl Assistant Editor: Siobhan Vitelli Vernon Bogdanor introduces this special issue of the Journal Biographies Editor: Robert Ingham Reviews Editor: Dr Eugenio Biagini Coalition before 1886 10 Contributing Editors: Graham Lippiatt, Tony Little, York Membery Whigs, Peelites and Liberals: Angus Hawkins examines coalitions before 1886 Patrons A ‘distinction without a difference’? 14 Dr Eugenio Biagini; Professor Michael Freeden; Ian Cawood analyses how the Liberal Unionists maintained a distinctive Professor John Vincent identity from their Conservative allies, until coalition in 1895 Editorial Board The coalition of 1915–1916 26 Dr Malcolm Baines; Dr Roy Douglas; Dr Barry Doyle; Prelude to disaster: Ian Packer examines the Asquith coalition of 1915–16, Dr David Dutton; Prof. David Gowland; Prof. Richard which brought to an end the last solely Liberal government Grayson; Dr Michael Hart; Peter Hellyer; Dr J. -
Mr David Cameron MP Mr George
UKSA UK Shareholders Association Chislehurst Business Centre Mr David Cameron MP 1 Bromley Lane Mr George Osborne MP Chislehurst Mr Nick Clegg MP BR7 6LH Mr Vince Cable MP Phone: 020 8468 1027 Mr Gordon Brown MP Email: [email protected] Web: www.uksa.org.uk Mr Alistair Darling MP 5th May 2010 From the UKSA Northern Rock Shareholders' Action Group Open Letter to Prospective Members of Parliament ‘Fairness’ (the impact on Northern Rock and its small shareholders). There has been much quoting of ‘Fairness’ by Politicians in this election campaign. But just how fairly have Rock small shareholders been treated by the outgoing Government - surely the most ‘spin conscious’, disingenuous and morally bankrupt administration in living history? Gordon Brown apparently now accepts, finally, that he helped cause the Banking Crisis when he relaxed the regulations on the Banks, allowing all the banks to lend excessively from cheap borrowed money, i.e. to do exactly what the Government wanted, and encouraged in fact. The resulting taxes were very welcome, no doubt. Don’t take this letter the wrong way. This is not an attack solely on Mr Brown, his Chancellor or his party; Mr Cameron and Mr Clegg (and your respective Chancellors and parties) are jointly and severally liable to the former shareholders and the UK public at large. Failure of control: Then the new ‘light touch’ handling by a confused and muddled ‘tripartite’ regime let the country down, and so, when funding dried up on wholesale markets we had the infamous ‘don’t panic’ leak and then the catastrophic first bank run for over 100 yrs. -
Comparing the Dynamics of Party Leadership Survival in Britain and Australia: Brown, Rudd and Gillard
This is a repository copy of Comparing the dynamics of party leadership survival in Britain and Australia: Brown, Rudd and Gillard. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/82697/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Heppell, T and Bennister, M (2015) Comparing the dynamics of party leadership survival in Britain and Australia: Brown, Rudd and Gillard. Government and Opposition, FirstV. 1 - 26. ISSN 1477-7053 https://doi.org/10.1017/gov.2014.31 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Comparing the Dynamics of Party Leadership Survival in Britain and Australia: Brown, Rudd and Gillard Abstract This article examines the interaction between the respective party structures of the Australian Labor Party and the British Labour Party as a means of assessing the strategic options facing aspiring challengers for the party leadership. -
New Ministerial Team at the Department of Health
New Ministerial Team at the Department of Health The Rt Hon Alan Johnson MP Secretary of State for Health Alan Johnson was first elected to Parliament in 1997 as the Member for Kingston upon Hull. A former postman, Alan Johnson served as a former General Secretary of the Communication Workers Union (CWU) and is one of the largest trade union names to have entered Parliament in recent decades. Often credited with the much coveted tag of being an "ordinary bloke", he is highly articulate and effective and is credited with the successful campaign that deterred the previous Conservative government from privatising the Post Office. Popular among his peers, Alan Johnson is generally regarded to be on the centre right of the Labour Party and is well regarded by the Labour leadership. As a union member of Labour's ruling NEC (up to 1996) he was seen as supportive of Tony Blair's attempts to modernise the Labour Party. He was the only senior union leader to back the abolition of Labour's clause IV. He becomes the first former union leader to become a cabinet minister in nearly 40 years when he is appointed to the Work and Pensions brief in 2004. After moving to Trade and Industry, he becomes Education and Skills Secretary in May 2006. After being tipped by many as the front-runner in the Labour deputy leadership contest of 2007, Alan Johnson was narrowly beaten by Harriet Harman. Commons Career PPS to Dawn Primarolo: as Financial Secretary, HM Treasury 1997-99, as Paymaster General, HM Treasury 1999; Department of Trade and Industry 1999-2003: