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Husbandry Guidelines for Australian Water Dragon

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Husbandry Guidelines for Australian Water Dragon Husbandry Guidelines for Australian Water Dragon Physignathus lesueurii (Reptilia: Agamidae) Compiler: Chris Hosking Date of Preparation: June 2010 Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, Richmond. Course Name and Number: Certificate III Captive Animal Management. Lecturers: Graeme Phipps, Jackie Salkeld, Brad Walker Chris Hosking Live Exhibit Keeper [email protected] Australian Museum 6 College St, Sydney NSW 2010. Front cover image: Eastern Water Dragon, Physignathus lesueurii lesueurii. Photo: Rebekah Hosking. 2 DISCLAIMER These husbandry guidelines were produced by the compiler at TAFE NSW – Western Sydney Institute, Richmond College, N.S.W. Australia as part assessment for completion of Certificate III in Captive Animals, Course number 1068, RUV30204. Since the husbandry guidelines are the result of student project work, care should be taken in the interpretation of information therein, - in effect, all care taken but no responsibility is assumed for any loss or damage that may result from the use of these guidelines. It is offered to the ASZK Husbandry Manuals Register for the benefit of animal welfare and care. Husbandry guidelines are utility documents and are ‘works in progress’, so enhancements to these guidelines are invited. Image 1. Male Eastern Water Dragon. Photo: Rebekah Hosking 3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS The Australian Water Dragon, Physignathus lesueurii, is generally not an aggressive lizard to maintain in captivity; however like all large Agamids they are capable of inflicting a severe bite when agitated. They can also use tail whips as a way to discourage unwanted attention when cornered. This species also possesses long sharp claws which can inflict serious lacerations which at minimum will require first aid or even medical treatment. Care should be taken to examine the individual animal’s temperament before entering the enclosure or restraining the animal. Please see the information on proper restraining techniques in section 7.3 on page 29. Other Occupational Health and Safety risks presented by keeping this species in captivity include exposure to cleaning chemicals, the possibility of burns from heating devices and ergonomic injuries from bending and over reaching. Keeping Water Dragons also presents the same zoonotic risks presented by all animals in captivity; zoonotic infection can occur from contact with organisms such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi as well as internal and external invertebrate parasites. Such organisms can be transferred to humans through coming into contact with excrement, uneaten food particles, sloughed skin and dirty water from enclosure pools. Good hygiene practices should be followed including regular hand washing. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................10 1.2 IUCN CATEGORY ............................................................................................ 10 1.3 EA CATEGORY ................................................................................................ 10 1.4 NZ AND PNG CATEGORIES AND LEGISLATION ................................................... 10 1.5 WILD POPULATION MANAGEMENT .................................................................... 10 1.6 SPECIES COORDINATOR ................................................................................... 10 1.7 STUDBOOK HOLDER ....................................................................................... 10 2 TAXONOMY .......................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 NOMENCLATURE ............................................................................................. 11 2.2 SUBSPECIES .................................................................................................. 11 2.3 RECENT SYNONYMS ........................................................................................ 11 2.4 OTHER COMMON NAMES ................................................................................. 11 3 NATURAL HISTORY .......................................................................................................... 12 3.1 MORPHOMETRICS ............................................................................................ 12 3.1.1 MASS AND BASIC BODY MEASUREMENTS ...................................................... 13 3.1.2 SEXUAL DIMORPHISM ................................................................................... 14 3.1.3 Distinguishing Features ................................................................. 14 3.2 DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT ............................................................................. 15 3.3 CONSERVATION STATUS ................................................................................. 15 3.4 LONGEVITY .................................................................................................... 16 3.4.1 In the Wild ....................................................................................... 16 3.4.2 In Captivity ...................................................................................... 16 3.4.3 Techniques Used to Determine Age in Adults .............................. 16 4 HOUSING REQUIREMENTS ...........................................................................19 4.1 SPATIAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................. 19 4.2 POSITION OF ENCLOSURES .............................................................................. 20 4.3 WEATHER PROTECTION .................................................................................. 20 4.4 TEMPERATURE REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................ 20 4.5 LIGHTING ........................................................................................................ 20 5 4.6 NESTBOXES AND/OR BEDDING MATERIAL.......................................................... 22 4.7 ENCLOSURE FURNISHINGS ............................................................................... 22 5 GENERAL HUSBANDRY ................................................................................24 5.1 HYGIENE AND CLEANING .................................................................................. 24 5.2 RECORD KEEPING ........................................................................................... 24 5.3 METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION ........................................................................... 24 5.4 ROUTINE DATA COLLECTION ............................................................................ 24 6 FEEDING REQUIREMENTS ...........................................................................25 6.1 DIET IN THE WILD ............................................................................................ 25 6.2 CAPTIVE DIET ................................................................................................. 26 6.3 SUPPLEMENTS ............................................................................................... 27 7 CAPTURE AND TRANSPORT ........................................................................ 28 7.1 TIMING OF CAPTURE AND HANDLING ................................................................. 28 7.2 CATCHING BAGS ............................................................................................ 28 7.3 CAPTURE AND RESTRAINT TECHNIQUES ............................................................ 28 8 HEALTH REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................32 8.2 DETAILED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION ................................................................... 32 8.2.1 Chemical Restraint .......................................................................... 32 8.2.2 Physical Examination ...................................................................... 32 8.3 ROUTINE TREATMENTS ................................................................................... 33 8.4 KNOWN HEALTH PROBLEMS ............................................................................ 33 8.5 QUARANTINE REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................... 35 9. BEHAVIOUR ....................................................................................................................... 37 9.1 ACTIVITY ........................................................................................................ 37 9.2 SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR ........................................................................................ 38 9.3 REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR ............................................................................ 38 9.4 BATHING ........................................................................................................ 40 9.5 BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS ............................................................................... 40 9.6 SIGNS OF STRESS ........................................................................................... 40 9.7 BEHAVIOURAL ENRICHMENT ............................................................................. 40 9.10 INTRODUCTIONS AND REMOVALS .................................................................... 42 9.11 INTRASPECIFIC COMPATIBILITY ....................................................................... 42 9.12 INTERSPECIFIC COMPATIBILITY ....................................................................... 42 6 9.13 SUITABILITY TO CAPTIVITY ............................................................................
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