Basic Principles of

1. What is a ? 2. Types of Brake It is a device that utilizes to cause a vehicle to Each of the four wheels on an automobile is equipped decelerate and/or stop by converting kinetic energy into with a brake. Depending on the usage and heat energy. Sudden braking at 100 km/h generates characteristics of the car, the wheels may have disc enough heat to raise the temperature of two liters of brakes or a drum brakes. Disc brakes have the water from 0°C to boiling (100°C). Brakes are relatively capability to stop a car in a stable manner even at a small compared with other major automobile parts, and high speed, while drum brakes have the capability to the space where they are mounted is restricted. stop heavier vehicles. Complex controls are required to absorb the output A vehicle can be equipped with different combinations power of the engine and brake safely. Brakes are also of disc and drum brakes. Some vehicles use disc brakes considered an important safety part in an automobile on the front and rear wheels, while others use disc because of their key role in ensuring vehicle safety. brakes on the front and drum brakes on the rear.

Disc brakes

Brake pads clamp the rotor to stop its rotation Main Parts of Disc Brakes

Disc rotor Piston boot Pad Piston

Piston seal Shim Pad (friction material) Pad

Piston (application mechanism) Boot ring Bleeder screw Rotor caliper 3 2 Mounting Bleeder screw bracket cap

Pad Cylinder body Lock pin Rotor 1 Pin boot Guide pin Hydraulic piston Pad clip

Drum brakes

Lining is pushed out to drum from the inside to stop Main Parts of Drum Brakes its rotation Piston Brake shoe (application mechanism) Adjuster Return spring Piston Wheel cylinder ン Bleeder screw 機 グ Lining (friction material)

Drum (rotor) Drum

2 Drum 3 Drum Back plate Anchor plate Parking 1 brake lever Hydraulic piston Brake lining

Lining (friction material)

11 AKEBONO REPORT 2018 About Akebono 12

AKEBONO REPORT 2018 AKEBONO REPORT Aftermarket brake pads for the U.S. market Blue: Safe Thickness of 10 - 6 mm Caution (time for replacement) Yellow: Thickness of 4 mm or less Red: Danger (replace immediately) Thickness of 2 mm or less Aftermarket Parts Business Brakes support customer safety and security support customer safety Brakes Aftermarket brake pads for the Japanese market K4 disc brakes for mini cars* launched in Japan (* Displacement under 660cc) 4. brakes been adopted as OEM products have Akebono global automobile major cars) by in new (fitted high quality provides Akebono manufacturers. produced and developed products brake aftermarket gathered from the knowledge with high technology throughout the to customers OEM business provided world. from the time the cycle, life throughout the vehicle’s until the end of its lifetime. car startsnew running parts are brake the aftermarket During this lifecycle, when the brake example, for replaced when necessary, provides Akebono away. pads and linings are worn dealers and the both automaker parts for aftermarket carefully Company The brand globally. Akebono customer needs and plans and develops analyzes from. that customers can choose brakes aftermarket Steel fiber Cashew particle Phenol resin Graphite Aramid fiber

As these are only guidelines, please check the residual these are only guidelines, please check As The thickness of the new pad is about 10 mm (1 cm). It pad is about 10 of the new thickness The Intermixing of Friction Materials of Friction Intermixing

Friction Modifiers Reinforcements Binders Advice to Customers thickness of the pads at a car maintenance facility. thickness can be used at a thickness of about 7 to 8 mm. When can be used at a thickness recommend pad is 4 mm or less, we residual thickness sake. safety’s replacement for continuous use, which might cause damage to the disk continuous use, which rotors and could lead to replacement of the entire brake. Criteria for Brake Pad Replacement and become thinner through will wear pads Brake Friction Raw Materials manufacturing technology. manufacturing friendly material. Akebono develops and produces high and produces develops Akebono friendly material. and security to safety quality products that deliver and customers based on its unique knowhow that they not be easily affected by the usage by not be easily affected that they strength, heat resistance, mechanical environment, and environment- less noise and vibration, durability, customer and vehicle type, we have been changing the been changing have type, we customer and vehicle use. The that we materials and compositions raw are friction materials requirements for performance Disc brake pads and linings are made by linings are made by brake pads and drum Disc brake the materials. Since to 20 kinds of raw intermixing 10 on the depending varies required performance 3.