Regular Low Residue Diet Renal / Potassium Restricted / Renal Diabetic Diets Soft / Mechanical Soft / Pureed Diets General Guidelines to Good Nutrition For patients with colon problems and a need to rest the part For patients with kidney problems. While on a renal diet, For patients with difficulties chewing and/or swallowing • Eat a balanced diet, choose from a variety of foods from of the large intestine that normally digests fiber. your diet may limit one or more of the following: foods. Meats are chopped, ground and/or pureed. Foods are the . • Limits fiber to less than 10 grams a day. • Protein - found in eggs, meat, and dairy products (milk and soft and easy to chew and swallow. • Keep your calories at a level that allows you to maintain a • Foods omitted include: skins of fresh fruits and vegetables, cheese). Explanation healthy weight. whole wheat bread, bran cereal, dried beans, and peas. • Sodium - found in cured meats (bacon, ham), and other Bland Diet • Reduce your intake of total dietary fat, saturated fat, and • Includes low-fiber, cooked vegetables, such as beets, car- highly processed foods. Restricted in heavily seasoned foods, fried foods and raw of Common cholesterol. rots, squash, green beans, wax beans, and skinless white • Potassium - high in some fruits and vegetables. fruits and vegetables. No pepper packets and no caffeine will • Eat more foods high in complex carbohydrates and fiber potatoes. • Phosphorus - found in milk, nuts, chocolate, and colas. be served on your tray. Special Diets and fewer foods in simple carbohydrates or sugar. • Fluids or foods, which are fluid at room temperature. • Use salt and foods high in salt and sodium sparingly. High Fiber Diet • No Concentrated sweets - simple sugars will be restricted. • alcoholic beverages in moderation, if at all. For patients experiencing constipation or other bowel diffi- culties. This diet may lower the risk of colon cancer. • Consists of 20-35 grams of fiber/day. • Should include fruits and vegetables, whole wheat breads, bran cereals, dry beans and peas. • Drink plenty of liquids.

GRAINS VEGETABLES FRUITS MILK MEAT & BEANS Make half your grains whole Vary your veggies Focus on fruits Get your calcium-rich foods Go lean with protein

Eat at least 3 oz. of whole-grain Eat more dark-green veggies like Choose fresh, frozen, canned, Go low-fat or fat-free when you Choose low-fat or lean meats cereals, breads, crackers, rice, or broccoli, spinach, and other dark or choose milk, yogurt, and other and poultry pasta every day leafy greens milk products Go easy on fruit Bake it, broil it, or grill it 1 oz. is about 1 slice of bread, Eat more orange vegetables like If you don’t or can’t consume Vary your protein routine - about 1 cup of breakfast cereal, carrots and sweet potatoes milk, choose lactose-free prod- choose more fish, beans, peas, or 1/2 cup of cooked rice, cereal ucts or other calcium sources Eat more dry beans and peas like nuts, and seeds or pasta such as fortified foods and pinto beans, kidney beans, and lentils beverages Eat 6 oz every day Eat 2 1/2 cups every day Eat 2 cups every day Get 3 cups every day; Eat 5 1/2 oz. every day for kids aged 2 to 8, it’s 2

For a 2,000-calorie diet, you need the amounts above from each food group. To find the amounts that are right for you, go to MyPyramid.gov.

Find your balance between food and physical activity Know the limits on fats, sugars, and salt (sodium)

Q Be sure to stay within your daily calorie needs. Q Make most of your fat sources from fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.

Q Be physically active for at least 30 minutes most days of the week. Q Limit solid fats like butter, stick margarine, shortening, and lard, as

Q About 60 minutes a day of physical activity may be needed to pre- well as foods that contain these. vent weight gain. Q Check the Nutrition Facts label to keep saturated fats, trans fats, and

Q For sustaining weight loss, at least 60 to 90 sodium low. minutes a day of physical activity may be Q Choose food and beverages low in added sugars. Added sugars con- required. tribute calories with few, if any, nutrients.

Q Children and teenagers should be physical- ly active for 60 minutes every day, or most days. U.S. Department of Agriculture Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

NPO Fat & Cholesterol Controlled/No Added Salt Diets Sodium-Restricted: No Added Salt Diet Carbohydrate Controlled / Diabetic / No Concentrated NPO is Latin meaning nil per os, or nothing per mouth. A (Cardiac/Healthy Heart Diet) For patients experiencing high blood pressure, congenital Sweets / Calorie Controlled Diets patient is NPO if they are having surgery, tests, procedures, For patients with heart disease or at risk for heart disease. heart problems, or fluid retention. For patients who may have difficulty controlling their blood or unable to tolerate any food by mouth. • Limits total fat to less than 35% of total calories with • Limits sodium to 4 grams a day. sugar levels or weight. Carbohydrate foods have the greatest emphasis on monounsaturated fats such as olive oil, • No salt packet on tray. effect on your blood sugar and need to be balanced in your Clear Liquid Diet canola oil and nuts. diet. Foods that contain carbohydrate are starches such as Used before medical test, before and after surgery. Menu • Limits sodium to 2-4 grams per day. Sodium-Restricted: 2 Gram Sodium Diet breads, cereals, potatoes, pasta, rice, and dry beans, milk items include: apple, cranberry, and grape , gelatin, • Certain high-fat items are omitted, such as bacon, sausage, For patients experiencing high blood pressure, congestive and yogurt, fruits and juices, sugars and desserts. broth, fruit ice, and tea. ham, donuts, and biscuits & gravy. heart failure, or fluid retention. While on this diet, you will receive sugar substitute in • No salt packet on tray. • No bacon, sausage or hard cheeses. place of sugar on your tray. Your meal plan is also limited in Explanation Full Liquid Diet • Only low-sodium soups. fat and / or the amount of food allowed will be determined Used when solid food is not tolerated or desired. Menu items Fat Controlled Diet • No salt packet on tray. by the calorie level ordered by your doctor. It is important of Common include: milk, juices, coffee, tea, soups, hot cereal, puddings, For patients with gall bladder disease and others whose bod- • Food prepared with no salt. that you control portion sizes, eat a variety of foods, and eat and ice cream. ies have trouble using fat. • No cured or smoked canned meats. at a regular time. Special Diets • Limits the total amount of fat and oil (butter, margarine, Dysphagia Diet You will be served: salad dressing, gravies, cream) in the diet. For example, no • Low fat dairy products, sauces, salad dressings and For patients with difficulty swallowing, liquids will be thick- fried foods or potato chips. ened to an appropriate consistency (Nectar or Honey). In mayonnaise. • May have lean meats, nonfat milk, and low-fat desserts. • Lean meat or meat substitutes. addition, foods may be modified to the appropriate consis- • May use salt, pepper, and sugar, wheat breads, bran cere- tency (Pureed or Mechanical Soft). Avoid foods that are fluid als, dry beans and peas. at room temperature. C Diet Info / Pyramid TC #898005 • Food Service Resources - 800-367-4421