DOCSLIB.ORG

Rôle Des Communautés Microbiennes Dans La Dégradation De La Matière Organique En Forêt Dans Un Contexte D’Exportation Intense De Biomasse Francois Maillard

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rôle Des Communautés Microbiennes Dans La Dégradation De La Matière Organique En Forêt Dans Un Contexte D’Exportation Intense De Biomasse Francois Maillard Rôle des communautés microbiennes dans la dégradation de la matière organique en forêt dans un contexte d’exportation intense de biomasse Francois Maillard To cite this version: Francois Maillard. Rôle des communautés microbiennes dans la dégradation de la matière organique en forêt dans un contexte d’exportation intense de biomasse. Biologie végétale. Université de Lorraine, 2018. Français. NNT : 2018LORR0190. tel-01997656 HAL Id: tel-01997656 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01997656 Submitted on 29 Jan 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. AVERTISSEMENT Ce document est le fruit d'un long travail approuvé par le jury de soutenance et mis à disposition de l'ensemble de la communauté universitaire élargie. Il est soumis à la propriété intellectuelle de l'auteur. Ceci implique une obligation de citation et de référencement lors de l’utilisation de ce document. D'autre part, toute contrefaçon, plagiat, reproduction illicite encourt une poursuite pénale. Contact : [email protected] LIENS Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 122. 4 Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 335.2- L 335.10 http://www.cfcopies.com/V2/leg/leg_droi.php http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/infos-pratiques/droits/protection.htm Thèse Présentée et soutenue publiquement pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur de l’Université de Lorraine Spécialité : Biologie Végétale et Forestière François Maillard Rôle des communautés microbiennes dans la dégradation de la matière organique en forêt dans un contexte d'exportation intense de biomasse Soutenue publiquement le 26 octobre 2018 Directeur de thèse : Marc BUEE Co-directeur de thèse : Dominique GERANT Jury Patricia Luis, Maître de Conférences, Université de Lyon Rapporteur François Buscot, Prof. Dr., Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Rapporteur Daniel Epron, Professeur des Universités, Université de Lorraine Examinateur François Rineau, Prof. Dr., University of Hasselt Examinateur Marc Buée, Directeur de Recherche, INRA Grand Est Nancy Directeur de thèse Dominique Gérant, Maître de Conférences, Université de Lorraine Directeur de thèse UMR 1136 INRA / Université de Lorraine, Interactions Arbres – Microorganismes UMR 1434 SILVA, Université de Lorraine /INRA / AgroParisTech INRA Centre Grand Est - Nancy – 54280 Champenoux Faculté des Sciences et Techniques – 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy 1 2 Remerciements Je souhaite remercier Patricia Luis, François Buscot, François Rineau et Daniel Epron pour avoir accepté d’évaluer mes travaux de recherche. Dominique et Marc, je vous remercie de m’avoir choisi pour cette thèse qui fut extrémement enrichissante. Michel et Damien, je vous remercie de m’avoir donné le goût de la recherche. Merci Cyrille pour ton aide et notamment durant nos multiples allers-retours du lundi matin dans les Vosges, où dans un état de semi-coma je faisais acte de présence. Jean-Paul, je suis un piètre mycologue, mais je suis sûr que nos inventaires produiront des résultats intéressants ! Et puis sinon, c’est toujours l’occasion de ramasser des cèpes. Je voudrais remercier Samantha, Charlotte, Margaux, Chloé et Valentin, mes dévoués stagiaires, pour votre aide précieuse. Pour la majorité d’entre vous, le sacrifice de vos doigts n’aura pas été vain même si les résultats ne sont pas dans ce manuscrit. Merci à Bernd et Laurent pour vos conseils et votre aide ainsi qu’à Arnaud et à la Protection Judiciaire de la Jeunesse pour le monitoring des sites expérimentaux. Merci Emila pour la mise en place du réseau MOS et pour les résultats préliminaires que tu as obtenu et qui ont guidé mon travail. Cricri, merci pour le passage de toutes les commandes à la dernière minute et tes délicieux thés ! Patou, tes anecdotes ont égayé mes journées. Manu, ce n’est pas moi qui débranche tes fils. Merci Laurette, les projets ADN et ARN n’en seraient pas là où ils sont sans toi. Merci à tous les brillants docs et postdocs que j’ai cotoyé, qui m’ont aidé et inspiré, Lauralie, Cora, Maïra, Véronica, Clémence, Yohann, et Yannick. J’adresse mes remerciements à l’ensemble des équipes de IAM et d’EEF pour m’avoir accueilli durant ces trois années. Cécile, tout ça à cause d’un repiquage de calles de peupliers. Maman, Papa, Gibou, je vous dédie ce travail. 3 4 Table des matières Table des matières ...................................................................................................................... 5 Préambule ................................................................................................................................... 7 LES ENJEUX ENVIRONNEMENTAUX ACTUELS .......................................................... 7 Facing global change: the millennium challenge for plant scientists ..................................... 9 INTRODUCTION GENERALE .............................................................................................. 23 1. Le rôle des microorganismes telluriques dans les écosystèmes forestiers ................ 24 2. Les rémanents forestiers comme source d’énergie .................................................... 26 3. Impact des pratiques sylvicoles intensives sur l’écosystème forestier ...................... 28 4. Objectifs de la Thèse ................................................................................................. 31 5. Structure de la thèse ................................................................................................... 33 6. Méthodologie ............................................................................................................. 34 7. Références ................................................................................................................. 36 CHAPITRE I ............................................................................................................................ 43 INTRODUCTION AU CHAPITRE I .................................................................................. 44 Soil microbial functions are affected by organic matter removal in temperate deciduous forest ..................................................................................................................................... 45 CHAPITRE II ........................................................................................................................... 77 INTRODUCTION AU CHAPITRE II ................................................................................. 78 Shift in soil bacterial and fungal community structures in response to organic matter removal in temperate deciduous forests ............................................................................... 79 CHAPITRE III ....................................................................................................................... 113 INTRODUCTION AU CHAPITRE III .............................................................................. 114 Enzymatic activities and community-level physiological profiles (CLPP) in subsoil layers are altered by harvest residue management practices in a tropical Eucalyptus grandis plantation ............................................................................................................................ 115 CHAPITRE IV ....................................................................................................................... 129 INTRODUCTION AU CHAPITRE IV ............................................................................. 130 First evidences that the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus mobilizes nitrogen and carbon from saprophytic fungus necromass ....................................................................... 131 CHAPITRE V ........................................................................................................................ 159 INTRODUCTION AU CHAPITRE V ............................................................................... 160 N-acetylglucosaminidase activity, a functional trait of chitin degradation, is regulated differentially within two orders of ectomycorrhizal fungi: Boletales and Agaricales........ 161 5 CHAPITRE VI ....................................................................................................................... 179 INTRODUCTION AU CHAPITRE VI ............................................................................. 180 Organic nitrogen mobilisation from fungal chitin was revealed by genomics and physiological evidences in a wide range of ectomycorrhizal fungi .................................... 181 DISCUSSION GENERALE ET PERSPECTIVES ............................................................... 202 1. Les effets de l’exportation artificielle de matière organique sur la diversité taxonomique et fonctionnelle microbienne en forêt tempérée. ....................................... 203 2. Les limites de l’exportation artificielle de matière organique ................................. 205 3. Indiquer ou modéliser ? ........................................................................................... 206 4. Export de matière organique,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Introducing an Irrigation Scheme to a Regional Climate Model: a Case Study Over West Africa
    Introducing an Irrigation Scheme to a Regional Climate Model: A Case Study over West Africa The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Marcella, Marc P., and Elfatih A. B. Eltahir. “Introducing an Irrigation Scheme to a Regional Climate Model: A Case Study over West Africa.” J. Climate 27, no. 15 (August 2014): 5708–5723. © 2014 American Meteorological Society As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00116.1 Publisher American Meteorological Society Version Final published version Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95749 Terms of Use Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. 5708 JOURNAL OF CLIMATE VOLUME 27 Introducing an Irrigation Scheme to a Regional Climate Model: A Case Study over West Africa MARC P. MARCELLA AND ELFATIH A. B. ELTAHIR Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts (Manuscript received 15 February 2013, in final form 7 July 2013) ABSTRACT This article presents a new irrigation scheme and biome to the dynamic vegetation model, Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS), coupled to version 3 of the Regional Climate Model (RegCM3-IBIS). The new land cover allows for only the plant functional type (crop) to exist in an irrigated grid cell. Irrigation water (i.e., negative runoff) is applied until the soil root zone reaches relative field capacity. The new scheme allows for irrigation scheduling (i.e., when to apply water) and for the user to determine the crop to be grown.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Module 3 • the Distribution of Life
    i2P • Biodiversity Module 3 • The Distribution of Life The Distribution of Life Module 3 • i2P • Biodiversity i2P • Biodiversity • Amazon • 2010 1 i2P • Biodiversity Module 3 • The Distribution of Life I believe that there is a subtle magnetism in Nature, which, if we unconsciously yield to it, will direct us aright. ~Henry David Thoreau TROPICAL POLAR BEARS If you were to go fishing in a lake, wherever you live, be it the United States, Canada or Kenya, it is very unlikely that you will find a Great White Shark on the end of your fishing line. It would be equally surprising for you to see a Polar Bear ambling down the street on your walk to school in the morning. In the Amazon, the i2P team is unlikely to discover a new species of tropical Polar Bear. Polar Bears are adapted to life in cold environments and would not last long in the tropics. Like the Polar Bear, most species of life are adapted to live in very specific habitats. Camels can survive long spells without water, Coconut Palms need a great deal of heat, and Penguins survive best in the cold. Each species is adapted to survive in a specific habitat or niche. As a consequence there is a patchwork distribution of different species of life across the world, each possessing unique traits that allow them to Figure 1: Polar Bear, unlikely to be moving to the tropics survive in their native habitat. soon(source: US Fish & Wildlife). The distribution of life on Earth however is not equal. There are some environments such as the Amazon Rainforest that enjoy a relative abundance of life.
    [Show full text]
  • CZECH MYCOLOGY Publication of the Czech Scientific Society for Mycology
    CZECH MYCOLOGY Publication of the Czech Scientific Society for Mycology Volume 57 August 2005 Number 1-2 Central European genera of the Boletaceae and Suillaceae, with notes on their anatomical characters Jo s e f Š u t a r a Prosetická 239, 415 01 Tbplice, Czech Republic Šutara J. (2005): Central European genera of the Boletaceae and Suillaceae, with notes on their anatomical characters. - Czech Mycol. 57: 1-50. A taxonomic survey of Central European genera of the families Boletaceae and Suillaceae with tubular hymenophores, including the lamellate Phylloporus, is presented. Questions concerning the delimitation of the bolete genera are discussed. Descriptions and keys to the families and genera are based predominantly on anatomical characters of the carpophores. Attention is also paid to peripheral layers of stipe tissue, whose anatomical structure has not been sufficiently studied. The study of these layers, above all of the caulohymenium and the lateral stipe stratum, can provide information important for a better understanding of relationships between taxonomic groups in these families. The presence (or absence) of the caulohymenium with spore-bearing caulobasidia on the stipe surface is here considered as a significant ge­ neric character of boletes. A new combination, Pseudoboletus astraeicola (Imazeki) Šutara, is proposed. Key words: Boletaceae, Suillaceae, generic taxonomy, anatomical characters. Šutara J. (2005): Středoevropské rody čeledí Boletaceae a Suillaceae, s poznámka­ mi k jejich anatomickým znakům. - Czech Mycol. 57: 1-50. Je předložen taxonomický přehled středoevropských rodů čeledí Boletaceae a. SuiUaceae s rourko- vitým hymenoforem, včetně rodu Phylloporus s lupeny. Jsou diskutovány otázky týkající se vymezení hřibovitých rodů. Popisy a klíče k čeledím a rodům jsou založeny převážně na anatomických znacích plodnic.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Wildfire Patterns of the Madrean Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico Miguel L
    Villarreal et al. Fire Ecology (2019) 15:2 Fire Ecology https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-018-0012-x ORIGINALRESEARCH Open Access Distant neighbors: recent wildfire patterns of the Madrean Sky Islands of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico Miguel L. Villarreal1* , Sandra L. Haire2, Jose M. Iniguez3, Citlali Cortés Montaño4 and Travis B. Poitras1 Abstract Background: Information about contemporary fire regimes across the Sky Island mountain ranges of the Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico can provide insight into how historical fire management and land use have influenced fire regimes, and can be used to guide fuels management, ecological restoration, and habitat conservation. To contribute to a better understanding of spatial and temporal patterns of fires in the region relative to environmental and anthropogenic influences, we augmented existing fire perimeter data for the US by mapping wildfires that occurred in the Mexican Sky Islands from 1985 to 2011. Results: A total of 254 fires were identified across the region: 99 fires in Mexico (μ =3901ha,σ = 5066 ha) and 155 in the US (μ =3808ha,σ = 8368 ha). The Animas, Chiricahua, Huachuca-Patagonia, and Santa Catalina mountains in the US, and El Pinito in Mexico had the highest proportion of total area burned (>50%) relative to Sky Island size. Sky Islands adjacent to the border had the greatest number of fires, and many of these fires were large with complex shapes. Wildfire occurred more often in remote biomes, characterized by evergreen woodlands and conifer forests with cooler, wetter conditions. The five largest fires (>25 000 ha) all occurred during twenty-first century droughts (2002 to 2003 and 2011); four of these were in the US and one in Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparing Global and Regional Maps of Intactness in the Boreal Region Of
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.13.382101; this version posted November 16, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Comparing global and regional maps of intactness in the boreal region 2 of North America: Implications for conservation planning in one of the 3 world’s remaining wilderness areas 4 5 October 26, 2020 6 7 Pierre Vernier1*, Shawn Leroux2, Steve Cumming3, Kim Lisgo1, Alberto Suarez Esteban1, Meg Krawchuck4, 8 Fiona Schmiegelow1,5 9 10 11 12 1 Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 13 2 Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, Newfoundland, Canada 14 3 Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada 15 4 Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA 16 5 Yukon Research Centre, Yukon University, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada 17 18 19 20 * Corresponding author 21 E-mail: [email protected] 22 23 24 25 ¶ These Authors contributed equally to this work 26 & These authors also contributed equally to this work 27 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.13.382101; this version posted November 16, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
    [Show full text]
  • DISCLAIMER the IPBES Global Assessment on Biodiversity And
    DISCLAIMER The IPBES Global Assessment on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services is composed of 1) a Summary for Policymakers (SPM), approved by the IPBES Plenary at its 7th session in May 2019 in Paris, France (IPBES-7); and 2) a set of six Chapters, accepted by the IPBES Plenary. This document contains the draft Glossary of the IPBES Global Assessment on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Governments and all observers at IPBES-7 had access to these draft chapters eight weeks prior to IPBES-7. Governments accepted the Chapters at IPBES-7 based on the understanding that revisions made to the SPM during the Plenary, as a result of the dialogue between Governments and scientists, would be reflected in the final Chapters. IPBES typically releases its Chapters publicly only in their final form, which implies a delay of several months post Plenary. However, in light of the high interest for the Chapters, IPBES is releasing the six Chapters early (31 May 2019) in a draft form. Authors of the reports are currently working to reflect all the changes made to the Summary for Policymakers during the Plenary to the Chapters, and to perform final copyediting. The final version of the Chapters will be posted later in 2019. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps used in the present report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Theecological Systemsof Puerto Rico
    United States Department of Agriculture Guide to the Forest Service Ecological Systems International Institute of Tropical Forestry of Puerto Rico General Technical Report IITF-GTR-35 June 2009 Gary L. Miller and Ariel E. Lugo The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the National Forests and national grasslands, it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Authors Gary L. Miller is a professor, University of North Carolina, Environmental Studies, One University Heights, Asheville, NC 28804-3299.
    [Show full text]
  • Holistic Understanding of Contemporary Ecosystems Requires Integration of Data on Domesticated, Captive and Cultivated Organisms
    Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e65371 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e65371 Forum Paper Holistic understanding of contemporary ecosystems requires integration of data on domesticated, captive and cultivated organisms Quentin Groom‡,§, Tim Adriaens |, Sandro Bertolino¶#, Kendra Phelps , Jorrit H Poelen¤, DeeAnn Marie Reeder«, David M Richardson§, Nancy B Simmons»,˄ Nathan Upham ‡ Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium § Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa | Research Inst. for Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, Belgium ¶ Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy # EcoHealth Alliance, New York, United States of America ¤ Ronin Institute for Independent Scholarship, Montclair, United States of America « Bucknell University, Lewisburg, United States of America » Department of Mammalogy, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, United States of America ˄ Arizona State University, Tempe, United States of America Corresponding author: Quentin Groom ([email protected]) Academic editor: Vincent Smith Received: 02 Mar 2021 | Accepted: 13 May 2021 | Published: 15 Jun 2021 Citation: Groom Q, Adriaens T, Bertolino S, Phelps K, Poelen JH, Reeder DM, Richardson DM, Simmons NB, Upham N (2021) Holistic understanding of contemporary ecosystems requires integration of data on domesticated, captive and cultivated organisms . Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e65371. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e65371 Abstract Domestic and captive animals and cultivated plants should be recognised as integral components in contemporary ecosystems. They interact with wild organisms through such mechanisms as hybridization, predation, herbivory, competition and disease transmission and, in many cases, define ecosystem properties. Nevertheless, it is widespread practice for data on domestic, captive and cultivated organisms to be excluded from biodiversity repositories, such as natural history collections.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical and Current Niche Construction in an Anthropogenic Biome: Old Cultural Landscapes in Southern Scandinavia
    land Article Historical and Current Niche Construction in an Anthropogenic Biome: Old Cultural Landscapes in Southern Scandinavia Ove Eriksson Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden; [email protected]; Tel.: +46-8-161204 Academic Editors: Erle C. Ellis, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Navin Ramankutty and Laura Martin Received: 29 September 2016; Accepted: 18 November 2016; Published: 23 November 2016 Abstract: Conceptual advances in niche construction theory provide new perspectives and a tool-box for studies of human-environment interactions mediating what is termed anthropogenic biomes. This theory is useful also for studies on how anthropogenic biomes are perceived and valued. This paper addresses these topics using an example: “old cultural landscapes” in Scandinavia, i.e., landscapes formed by a long, dynamic and continuously changing history of management. Today, remnant habitats of this management history, such as wooded pastures and meadows, are the focus of conservation programs, due to their rich biodiversity and cultural and aesthetic values. After a review of historical niche construction processes, the paper examines current niche construction affecting these old cultural landscapes. Features produced by historical niche construction, e.g., landscape composition and species richness, are in the modern society reinterpreted to become values associated with beauty and heritage and species’ intrinsic values. These non-utilitarian motivators now become drivers of new niche construction dynamics, manifested as conservation programs. The paper also examines the possibility to maintain and create new habitats, potentially associated with values emanating from historical landscapes, but in transformed and urbanized landscapes. Keywords: biodiversity; conservation biology; landscape aesthetics; semi-natural grasslands; wooded meadows 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Leccinum Pseudoscabrum Sp-P2-MJ-VU-24-12-14.Pub
    LECCINUM PSEUDOSCABRUM Nom de référence : Leccinum pseudoscabrum (Kalleenb.) Sutara Synonymes : Leccinum carpini (R. Schulzer) M.M. Moser ex D.A. Reid Krombholziella carpini (R. Schulzer) Bon Classifica$on : Division : Basidiomycota Ordre : Boletales Famille : Boletaceae Nom fran%ais : bolet des charmes, bolet rude des charmes. Intér&t culinaire : médiocre comes$ble. Photo Wikipedia Photo Wikimedia 1-DESCRIPTION 1-1 Silhoue+e : au sol, de dimension moyenne % grande avec un long pied central surmont# d(un chapeau convexe. Couleur dominante : brun. 1-2 Chapeau : de 5 % 12 cm. Il est h#misph#ri.ue puis convexe % aplani. /e rev0tement, lubri1# par temps humide, est mat, un peu feutr#, lisse, tou3ours mar.u# de pe$ts creux, fosse4es et bosses .ui lui donnent un aspect l#g5rement caboss# , parfois fendill# par temps sec. Il est de couleur brun clair % brun fonc#, par- fois teint# de verd7tre ou de 3aun7tre. /a marge lisse, #paisse, d#bordante, en bourrelet, reste concolore au rev0tement. 1-3 Pied ou s$pe : de 8-15 x 1,5-3,5 cm. Assez ne4ement ventru mais pas ob5se, cylindri.ue plus tard, il est plein et son cortex est ferme. Sa surface cr5me- blanch7tre, gris-3aun7tre devient brun-gris7tre fonc# : elle est mar.u#e de stries longitudinales tout en haut et porte sur toute sa longueur des s.uamules/ asp#rit#s/rugosit#s align#es ou en r#seau de couleur gris sombre % noir7tre plus clairsem#es dans la par$e sup#rieure : la base est parfois tach#e de bleu-vert. 1-. Chair : #paisse, ferme mais vite molle et spongieuse dans le chapeau, elle est blanche mais vire au rouge7tre puis au violet sombre et 1nalement au noir apr5s la coupe.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Catalogue of the Fungal Biota of the Roztocze Upland Monika KOZŁOWSKA, Wiesław MUŁENKO Marcin ANUSIEWICZ, Magda MAMCZARZ
    An Annotated Catalogue of the Fungal Biota of the Roztocze Upland Fungal Biota of the An Annotated Catalogue of the Monika KOZŁOWSKA, Wiesław MUŁENKO Marcin ANUSIEWICZ, Magda MAMCZARZ An Annotated Catalogue of the Fungal Biota of the Roztocze Upland Richness, Diversity and Distribution MARIA CURIE-SkłODOWSKA UNIVERSITY PRESS POLISH BOTANICAL SOCIETY Grzyby_okladka.indd 6 11.02.2019 14:52:24 An Annotated Catalogue of the Fungal Biota of the Roztocze Upland Richness, Diversity and Distribution Monika KOZŁOWSKA, Wiesław MUŁENKO Marcin ANUSIEWICZ, Magda MAMCZARZ An Annotated Catalogue of the Fungal Biota of the Roztocze Upland Richness, Diversity and Distribution MARIA CURIE-SkłODOWSKA UNIVERSITY PRESS POLISH BOTANICAL SOCIETY LUBLIN 2019 REVIEWER Dr hab. Małgorzata Ruszkiewicz-Michalska COVER DESIN, TYPESETTING Studio Format © Te Authors, 2019 © Maria Curie-Skłodowska University Press, Lublin 2019 ISBN 978-83-227-9164-6 ISBN 978-83-950171-8-6 ISBN 978-83-950171-9-3 (online) PUBLISHER Polish Botanical Society Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland pbsociety.org.pl Maria Curie-Skłodowska University Press 20-031 Lublin, ul. Idziego Radziszewskiego 11 tel. (81) 537 53 04 wydawnictwo.umcs.eu [email protected] Sales Department tel. / fax (81) 537 53 02 Internet bookshop: wydawnictwo.umcs.eu [email protected] PRINTED IN POLAND, by „Elpil”, ul. Artyleryjska 11, 08-110 Siedlce AUTHOR’S AFFILIATION Department of Botany and Mycology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin Monika Kozłowska, [email protected]; Wiesław
    [Show full text]
  • Persoonia V18n4.Pdf
    PERSOON IA Volume 18. Pan 4. 449- 4 70 (2005) BASIDIOME DEVELOPMENT OF XEROMPHALINA CAMPANELLA (TRICHOLOMATALES, llASIOIOMYCETES) H. CLEMEN<;ON Department of Ecology and Evolu1ion. Universi1y of Lau nnnc.CH-1015 Lau,annc. Swi1zerland. &mail: Hcin.i;[email protected] The agaricoid Hymenomycc1c Xero111phali11a camp<me/1" is exocarpic. apenopileme and amphiblcma1c. Me1ablem.u. develop separ:uely on the pileus and on the s1ipe. bul 1hey du not fom1 any kind of veil. The pileoblema becomes a gelatinous pilcipcllis. and 1he cauloblema fom1s a hairy coaiing on 1he lower pan of the :.tipe of the ma­ ture basidiomes. The hymcnophoral 1ra111a i, bidirectional in 1he gi ll rudiments. but becomes more phy,alo-irrcgular at maturi1y and contains many narrow hyphae with Mnoolh or incrusted walls. The contex1 of 1he Stipe resembles a sarcodimitic strncturc. bul 1he thin-walled intla1ed cell s arc rarely fusiform. although 1hey are frequently gradually narrowed at one end. 8c1wcen 1he phy:.alohyphae. narrow. incrus1ed hyphae and ramified conncc1ive hyphae occur in 1he s1ipe and in the pileu~ con text The hyphae of the pileus of a young basidiomc con1ain gra nular deposits of glycogen. The only note on lhe basidiome development of Xero111phali11a campanel/a published so far consists of a few lines and a single photograph at the end of a taxonomic paper by Hintikka ( 1957). Since no trace of any kind of veil is visible in the photograph. Hintikka cautiou. ly concluded that the development is probably gymnocarpic. Singer ( 1965) was more confident and stated that his X. ausrroa11di11a is gynm ocarpic, based on the ·•same observations as indicated by Hintikka ( 1957) for X.
    [Show full text]