DOCSLIB.ORG

Carton De Wiart

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

BE-A0510_000301_002703_FRE Inventaire des papiers Carton de Wiart Het Rijksarchief in België Archives de l'État en Belgique Das Staatsarchiv in Belgien State Archives in Belgium This finding aid is written in French. 2 Carton de Wiart DESCRIPTION DU FONDS D'ARCHIVES:................................................................7 Histoire du producteur et des archives............................................................8 Producteur d'archives..................................................................................8 Archives.....................................................................................................19 Acquisition..............................................................................................19 Contenu et structure......................................................................................20 Contenu......................................................................................................20 Mode de classement..................................................................................21 Les papiers de famille............................................................................21 Les papiers politiques et littéraires de Henry Carton de Wiart et de Juliette Verhaegen..................................................................................21 Correspondance politique et littéraire................................................22 Papiers relatifs aux activités publiques de Henry Carton de Wiart.....22 Annexe : papiers de familles..................................................................23 DESCRIPTION DES SÉRIES ET DES ÉLÉMENTS.......................................................25 INVENTAIRE DES PAPIERS CARTON DE WIART................................................25 Ière PARTIE........................................................................................................... 25 PAPIERS DE FAMILLE.........................................................................................25 I. FAMILLES...................................................................................................25 A. Famille Carton de Wiart........................................................................25 14 - 15 Zadig Carton (13).....................................................................26 16 - 25 Riégo-Benjamin-Constant Carton de Wiart et Marie-Clémence- Jeanne-Ghislaine Cammaerts (14) :......................................................27 BRANCHE ADRIEN-BONAVENTURE-GHISLAIN CARTON DE WIART ET ZOÉ-MARIE-ISABELLE RYAN..................................................................28 27 - 34 Adrien-Paul-Ghislain Carton de Wiart et 1° Frédérique Fugger de Babenhausen 2° Joan Mac Kechnie (23) :....................................28 BRANCHE HASSAN-EUSÈBE-RODOLPHE CARTON DE WIART ET ÉLISABETH MOREL (3)..........................................................................29 43 - 44 Maxime-Antoine Carton de Wiart (36) curé de Notre-Dame de La Cambre :......................................................................................30 BRANCHE RIEGO-BENJAMIN-CONSTANT CARTON DE WIART ET MARIE- CLEMENCE-JEANNE-G. CAMMAERTS.....................................................30 46 - 48 René-Léon-Marie-Ghislain Carton de Wiart Bey et Gabrielle de Quirini (38) :................................................................................30 49 - 51 Maurice-Emmanuel-Marie-Ghislain Carton de Wiart (39).....31 52 - 64 Edmond-Constant-Marie-Ghislain Carton de Wiart et Louise de Moreau (40) :...............................................................................31 HENRY-VICTOR-MARIE-GHISLAIN CARTON DE WIART (44) ET EUGÉNIE- JULIETTE VERHAEGEN (45)...................................................................33 65/A - 202 Henry-Victor-Marie-Ghislain Carton de Wiart :.................33 204 - 411 Eugénie-Juliette Verhaegen (96)......................................51 I. Activités patriotiques. Guerre de 1914-1919.............................51 II. Activités sociales......................................................................56 A. Protection de l'enfance........................................................56 B. Famille..................................................................................58 III. Activités littéraires et culturelles.............................................58 A. Littéraires.............................................................................58 B. Culturelles............................................................................64 Carton de Wiart 3 413 - 417 Décès de Juliette Verhaegen....................................76 418 - 487 Marie-Ghislaine-Renée-Florence Carton de Wiart et Baron Albert-Léon-Marie Houtart (153)....................................77 488 - 489 François-Xavier-Riego-Arthur-M.-G. Carton de Wiart (174) et Georgine-M.-d.-Augusta-Le-Laure-Ge-Renelde van Wassenhove (175)....................................................................86 490 - 490 Hubert-Henri-Érnile-Hélie-Marie-Ghislain Carton de Wiart et Noëlle-Marcelle Lambert (178);..................................86 491 - 495 Hubert-Henri-Érnile-Hélie-Marie-Ghislain Carton de Wiart et Noëlle-Marcelle Lambert (178)...................................86 496 - 497/2 Gudule-Alberte-Louise-Marie-Ghislaine Carton de Wiart (et baron Paul.-P.-M. Houtart) (180)................................87 498 - 499 Geneviève-Paule-Palmyre-Emmanuelle-Marie- Ghislaine Carton de Wiart (182)...............................................87 B. Familles Alliées.....................................................................................87 502 - 506 Famille Aerts (186)...............................................................87 FAMILLES ALLIÉES À AERTS..................................................................88 507 - 520 Famille Navez...................................................................88 521 - 521 Famille Verlit.....................................................................90 522 - 522 Famille Willame................................................................90 523 - 523 Famille De Meyer..............................................................90 524 - 532 Famille Pangaert...............................................................90 533 - 535 Famille De Cock................................................................91 FAMILLES ALLIEES A DE COCK..............................................................92 536 - 543 Famille Van den Elsken (212)...........................................92 544 - 544 Famille Mouchet (212)......................................................93 545 - 547 Famille de Mauroy de Merville (217)................................93 548 - 549 Famille Cammaerts (221).................................................93 550 - 556 Famille Verhaegen (223)..................................................93 557 - 557 Famille Nève (227)...........................................................94 558 - 558 Famille Coppens (228)......................................................94 559 - 561 Famille Rommel (229)......................................................94 562 - 565 Famille de Clippele (231)..................................................95 566 - 567 Famille de Beer (234).......................................................96 568 - 568 Famille Scorion (237).......................................................96 569 - 569 Famille de Moreau (239)...................................................96 570 - 571 Famille Simonis (241).......................................................96 II. FONDATIONS DE BOURSES D'ÉTUDES......................................................96 A. Généralités...........................................................................................96 B. Fondations............................................................................................97 IIe PARTIE.............................................................................................................. 99 PAPIERS POLITIQUES ET LITTÉRAIRES DE HENRY CARTON DE WIART ET DE JULIETTE VERHAEGEN.......................................................................................99 I. CORRESPONDANCE LITTÉRAIRE ET POLITIQUE (264).................................99 La Cour.....................................................................................................99 Souverains...........................................................................................99 Maison civile du Roi............................................................................100 Maison militaire du Roi.......................................................................100 Service du Prince Albert.....................................................................101 Maison de la Reine.............................................................................101 II. ACTIVITÉS PUBLIQUES............................................................................101 A. papiers d'Office..................................................................................101 1. Carrière d'Avocat............................................................................136 4 Carton de Wiart 2. Carrière Politique............................................................................137 a. POLITIQUE INTÉRIEURE DE LA BELGIQUE...................................137 1049 - 1052 La Ligue démocratique...........................................137 1060/A - 1061 La participation aux élections : 1921, 1925, 1929, 1936, 1939, 1949.......................................................................139
Recommended publications
  • Obligation and Self-Interest in the Defence of Belgian Neutrality, 1830-1870

    Obligation and Self-Interest in the Defence of Belgian Neutrality, 1830-1870

    CONTEXTUAL RESEARCH IN LAW CORE VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL Working Papers No. 2017-2 (August) Permanent Neutrality or Permanent Insecurity? Obligation and Self-Interest in the Defence of Belgian Neutrality, 1830-1870 Frederik Dhondt Please do not cite without prior permission from the author The complete working paper series is available online at http://www.vub.ac.be/CORE/wp Permanent Neutrality or Permanent Insecurity? Obligation and Self-Interest in the Defence of Belgian Neutrality, 1830-1870 Frederik Dhondt1 Introduction ‘we are less complacent than the Swiss, and would not take treaty violations so lightly.’ Baron de Vrière to Sylvain Van de Weyer, Brussels, 28 June 18592 Neutrality is one of the most controversial issues in public international law3 and international relations history.4 Its remoteness from the United Nations system of collective security has rendered its discussion less topical.5 The significance of contemporary self-proclaimed ‘permanent neutrality’ is limited. 6 Recent scholarship has taken up the theme as a general narrative of nineteenth century international relations: between the Congress of Vienna and the Great War, neutrality was the rule, rather than the exception.7 In intellectual history, Belgium’s neutral status is seen as linked to the rise of the ‘Gentle Civilizer of Nations’ at the end of the nineteenth century.8 International lawyers’ and politicians’ activism brought three Noble Peace Prizes (August Beernaert, International Law Institute, Henri La Fontaine). The present contribution focuses on the permanent or compulsory nature of Belgian neutrality in nineteenth century diplomacy, from the country’s inception (1830-1839)9 to the Franco- 1 Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), University of Antwerp, Ghent University/Research Foundation Flanders.
  • Les Émeutes De Novembre 1871 À Bruxelles Et La Revocation Du Ministère D'anethan

    Les Émeutes De Novembre 1871 À Bruxelles Et La Revocation Du Ministère D'anethan

    RBHC-BTNG, XV, 1984, 1-2, pp. 165-200. LES EMEUTES DE NOVEMBRE 1871 A BRUXELLES ET LA REVOCATION DU MINISTERE D'ANETHAN par Ph. J. VAN TIGGELEN Aspirant au F.N.R.S. En octobre 1871, l'ancien ministre Pierre De Decker est nommé gouverneur du Limbourg. Celui-ci avait été un proche collaborateur du financier André Langrand-Dumonceau, dont la faillite frauduleuse avait entraîné la ruine de milliers de familles. Cette nomination four- nit à l'opposition libérale et en particulier au député Jules Bara, le prétexte d'une offensive contre le ministère catholique du baron d'Anethan. Le 22 novembre, Bara interpelle le gouvernement au sujet de cette nomination. L'attention politique se trouve focalisée sur les séances houleuses de la Chambre des Représentants. Simultanément, des manifestations ont lieu dans les rues de Bruxelles et se répètent dans les derniers jours de novembre. Le 1er décembre 1871, Leopold II, excédé par les troubles journa- liers qui se produisaient à la Chambre des Représentants et sous les fenêtres du Palais, décide de révoquer ses ministres et fait appel au comte de Theux pour constituer un nouveau gouvernement dans la majorité. Les événements de novembre 1871 et la chute du ministère d'Anethan, évoqués de manière toujours ponctuelle dans les grandes synthèses de l'histoire politique de la Belgique, n'ont fait l'objet d'aucune recherche spécifique. Les études d'histoire politique parues durant les dernières années, tout comme les monographies d'histoire bruxelloise, se réfèrent, sur ce point, aux ouvrages plus anciens qui fondent leur argumentation sur des 'Vérités historiques" souvent douteuses (1).
  • AN UPHILL BATTLE Campaigning for the Militarization of Belgium, 1870-1914

    AN UPHILL BATTLE Campaigning for the Militarization of Belgium, 1870-1914

    AN UPHILL BATTLE Campaigning for the Militarization of Belgium, 1870-1914 - Nel de Mûelenaere - Belgium plays a minor role, if it is mentioned at all, in the annals of the previously unparalleled European militarization that led to the First World War. This article presents a more nuanced image of Belgium as a non-militarized state during these decades, by focusing on the attempts of the militaristic political lobby to expand Belgium’s military infrastructure. Between 1870 and 1914, Belgium was indeed the scene of an intense militaristic movement that, despite its high level of activism, quickly fell into oblivion. At the start of their campaigns, in which the main goal was the adoption of personal military service, the militaristic lobbyists were primarily military or ex-military functionaries. The main motivation for their campaign was improving the sense of military purpose that acted as a preparation for war. This changed fundamentally throughout the campaigns. The militarists steadily built up a civilian network and expanded their influence. This was a key factor in the successful dissemination of the idea that a reformed Belgian army was very much needed in order to avert external dangers. At the same time, civilian influence altered the militarists’ view of the societal role of the military. This reciprocal influence reduced the gap between the military and civilian worlds, and suggests the presence of under- acknowledged militarization processes in Belgium prior to World War One. 145 Campaigning for the Militarization of Belgium I. Introduction ment of army officials and prominent Liberals pursuing the goal of a more powerful Belgian army.
  • Daniel Cardon De Lichtbuer

    Daniel Cardon De Lichtbuer

    Vincent Delcorps Daniel Cardon de Lichtbuer Une vie plurielle Préface de Mark Eyskens Photo de couverture: © Jessica Hilltout En arrière-plan: œuvre de Georg Baselitz. Tous droits réservés L’auteur et l’éditeur se sont efforcés de régler les droits des ayants droits ou des photographes conformément aux prescriptions légales. Les détenteurs des droits que, malgré nos recherches, nous n’aurions pu retrouver sont priés de se faire connaître à l’éditeur. Mise en pages: MC Compo Toutes reproductions ou adaptations d’un extrait quelconque de ce livre, par quelque procédé que ce soit, réservées pour tous pays. © Éditions Racine, 2015 Tour & Taxis, Entrepôt royal 86C, avenue du Port, BP 104A • B-1000 Bruxelles www.racine.be D. 2015, 6852. 36 Dépôt légal: décembre 2015 ISBN 978-2-87386-965-6 Imprimé aux Pays-Bas AvaNT-PROPOS Coucher sur papier la vie de quelqu’un n’est pas sans danger. En s’essayant au genre biographique, l’historien prend le risque d’enfermer en un texte la richesse d’un parcours, de réduire à quelques pages le sens d’une existence. «Écrire la vie reste un horizon inaccessible 1», professe d’emblée le spécia- liste François Dosse. Ajoutons qu’en osant ce pari-là, l’auteur prête le flanc au jeu de la critique, et cela d’autant plus lorsque la personne étudiée et ses proches sont encore en vie. «Les vivants sont là, tout autour de moi, et une phrase maladroite peut suffire à les blesser durablement – ou à me valoir des ennuis 2», constatait Benoît Peeters, en rédigeant son Derrida.
  • Ed.) the Civilising Offensive New Perspectives on the History of Liberalism and Freethought

    Ed.) the Civilising Offensive New Perspectives on the History of Liberalism and Freethought

    Christoph De Spiegeleer (Ed.) The Civilising Offensive New Perspectives on the History of Liberalism and Freethought Edited by Liberas/Liberaal Archief Guaranteed Peer Review Series Volume 1 The Civilising Offensive Social and Educational Reform in 19th-century Belgium Edited by Christoph De Spiegeleer ISBN: 978-3-11-057842-3 e-ISBN (PDF): 978-3-11-058154-6 e-ISBN (EPUP): 978-3-11-057917-8 This publication is graciously funded by Liberas/Liberaal Archief. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 Interational License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 2018958370 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Cover image: Dining hall open-air school Diesterweg in Heide-Kalmthout (1904–1930), Liberas/Liberaal Archief Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com TableofContents Christoph De Spiegeleer 1New Perspectives on Social and EducationalReform during the Long Nineteenth Century.AnIntroduction 1 Part I Social-Pedagogical PerspectivesonSocial and Educational Reform Lieselot De Wilde, Bruno Vanobbergen &Michel Vandenbroeck 2 “On voit bien que c′est un petitmalheureux des Hospices”.The Child, the Body and the Bath in Nineteenth-Century Belgium: aCurefor
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel Justice and Equality for All ? Dhondt, Frederik

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel Justice and Equality for All ? Dhondt, Frederik

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel Justice and Equality for All ? Dhondt, Frederik Published in: Sequência DOI: 10.5007/2177-7055.2020v41n86p28 Publication date: 2021 License: CC BY Document Version: Final published version Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Dhondt, F. (2021). Justice and Equality for All ? Proportional representation in Belgium and France, 1883-1921. Sequência, XLI(86), 26-82. https://doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2020v41n86p28 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 04. Oct. 2021 http://doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2020v41n86p28 Justice and Equality for All? Proportional Representation in Belgium and France (1883-1921)1 Justiça e Igualdade para Todos? Representação Proporcional na Bélgica e na França (1883-1921) Frederik Dhondt1 Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Ghent University, Belgium Abstract: Whereas 19th century Belgium is Resumo: Enquanto a Bélgica do século XIX é traditionally framed as heavily dependent on tradicionalmente enquadrada como dependente France, this image ought to be nuanced for its da França, essa imagem possui uma nuance political system.
  • Branding Brussels Musically: Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in the Interwar Years

    Branding Brussels Musically: Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in the Interwar Years

    BRANDING BRUSSELS MUSICALLY: COSMOPOLITANISM AND NATIONALISM IN THE INTERWAR YEARS Catherine A. Hughes A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Music. Chapel Hill 2015 Approved by: Annegret Fauser Mark Evan Bonds Valérie Dufour John L. Nádas Chérie Rivers Ndaliko © 2015 Catherine A. Hughes ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Catherine A. Hughes: Branding Brussels Musically: Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in the Interwar Years (Under the direction of Annegret Fauser) In Belgium, constructions of musical life in Brussels between the World Wars varied widely: some viewed the city as a major musical center, and others framed the city as a peripheral space to its larger neighbors. Both views, however, based the city’s identity on an intense interest in new foreign music, with works by Belgian composers taking a secondary importance. This modern and cosmopolitan concept of cultural achievement offered an alternative to the more traditional model of national identity as being built solely on creations by native artists sharing local traditions. Such a model eluded a country with competing ethnic groups: the Francophone Walloons in the south and the Flemish in the north. Openness to a wide variety of music became a hallmark of the capital’s cultural identity. As a result, the forces of Belgian cultural identity, patriotism, internationalism, interest in foreign culture, and conflicting views of modern music complicated the construction of Belgian cultural identity through music. By focusing on the work of the four central people in the network of organizers, patrons, and performers that sustained the art music culture in the Belgian capital, this dissertation challenges assumptions about construction of musical culture.
  • A Theory-Guided Statistical Historiography Of

    A Theory-Guided Statistical Historiography Of

    A statistical historiography of Belgium’s national electoral and party system Tom Schamp1 & Carl Devos Background paper For the paper submitted for ECPR‟s Joint Sessions of Workshops “Party system dynamics. New tools for the study of party system change and party transformation” 11-16 March, 2013 Mainz, Germany 1 Ghent University Faculty of Social and Political sciences Department of Political science Universiteitstraat 8, 9000 Gent, Belgium e-mail: [email protected] 1 1. Introduction In their overview of the Belgian national electoral results and party systems since 1830, Matagne and Verjans (2012:85) concluded that Belgium advanced from a bipolar political system since 1848, via what Giovanni Sartori (1976) called a two-and-a-half party system in the 1920s to the fractionalized and highly volatile multiparty system that present-day Belgium is worldwide known for. In this paper we study the linkages between the changing political system, the process of electoral reforms and the development of the party system. We intend to do so focusing on an old democracy: Belgium. We analyze origin, rise and fall of Belgian political parties participating in the national legislative elections, of the nature and complexity and change of the national electoral system, of the persistence, consolidation and change of the national party system, and last but not least of the perception of democracy in itself.2 These issues are among the most central issues studied by political scientists. There are plenty of explanations for today‟s party system fragmentation. Ever since the 1960s political parties in Belgium, in The Netherlands and in many other Western European representative democracies were principally uprooting from social cleavages.
  • Iso Jaar Katholieke Arbeidersbeweging in Belgie 1789-1939

    Iso Jaar Katholieke Arbeidersbeweging in Belgie 1789-1939

    ISO JAAR KATHOLIEKE ARBEIDERSBEWEGING IN BELGIE 1789-1939 Tweede deel DE CHRISTEN-DEMOCRAT1E 1886-1914 Onder redactie van Dr. S.H. Scholl. 2. Groei van de politieke democratie Periode van het algemeen meervoudig stemrecht (1893-1919) door PROF. DR. THEO LUYKX De eerste grondwetsherziening van 1893, uitgevoerd tijdens de katholieke regering van August Beernaert, luidde een nieuwe perio- de in van onze politieke geschiedenis. België kende ingevolge deze grondwetsherziening nog wel geen gelijk kiesrecht, vermits elke stemgerechtigde over één tot drie stemmen kon beschikken, doch E de tijd waarin alleen de rijke cijnskiezers het wettelijke land uit­ maakten behoorde nu voorgoed tot het verleden. De periode van het algemeen meervoudig stemrecht heeft geduurd tot aan de tweede grondwetsherziening van na de Eerste Wereldoorlog, toen het algemeen enkelvoudig of gelijk stemrecht voor alle mannelijke onderdanen werd ingevoerd. Tijdens heel de hier behandelde periode heeft de katholieke partij de volstrekte meerderheid in beide Kamers gehad, doch deze meerderheid was minder groot na 1899, toen bij de verdeling van de toe te kennen zetels het stelsel van de evenredige vertegenwoordi­ ging werd toegepast, waar voordien de zetelverdeling op basis van het principe der volstrekte meerderheid geschiedde. De katholieke partij, die onafgebroken regeringsverantwoorde­ lijkheid heeft gedragen, mag echter niet worden voorgesteld als een homogene groep. In haar schoot heerste een felle strijd tussen de conservatieven en de christen-democraten. Deze tegenstelling had tot goed gevolg dat de regerende katholieke partij met een sterke­ re parlementaire controle had af te rekenen dan in feite door de numeriek zwakke oppositiepartijen kon geleverd worden. De partij vertegenwoordigde inderdaad niet alleen de bezittende burgerklasse, maar ook arbeidersbelangen, die door haar christelijk-sociale vleugel werden verdedigd.
  • Complete the Chain of Universal Law and Order’

    Complete the Chain of Universal Law and Order’

    CONTEXTUAL RESEARCH IN LAW CORE VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL Working Papers No. 2018-1 (March) ‘Complete the Chain of Universal Law and Order’ The first continental conferences of the Friends of Peace and the interdisciplinary dream of peace Frederik Dhondt Please do not cite without prior permission from the author The complete working paper series is available online at http://www.vub.ac.be/CORE/wp ‘Complete the Chain of Universal Law and Order’ The first continental conferences of the Friends of Peace and the interdisciplinary dream of peace1 Frederik Dhondt The first continental congresses of the "Friends of Peace" were held in 1848 (Brussels) and 1849 (Paris). A heterogeneous bourgeois audience convened to discuss the abolition of war and standing armies, unearthing a long pedigree of perpetual peace plans, linking them up with the changing nature of national sovereignty and general concerns for societal reform. The professionalisation of international law, or its establishment as a discipline taught by experts, was preceded by scathing criticism from civil society against the traditional diplomatic and military elites, who monopolised the exercise of force. In spite of the Peace Conferences' failure to alter international order through transnational public opinion, discussions stretching from the 1840s to the late 1860s provide insight into the role of legal arguments in political activism. This paper gives an overview of the personal networks and intellectual inspirations converging at these meetings, situated in the immediate "pre-history" of the Gentle Civilizer of Nations (Koskenniemi, 2001). 1 Henry Vincent, 21 September 1848, L’Indépendance Belge, 22 September 1848, p. 6. Henry Vincent (1813- 1878), radical activist (implicated in the Chartist movement) with an active lecturing career.
  • Sovereignty, Civic Participation, and Constitutional Law: the People Versus the Nation in Belgium

    Sovereignty, Civic Participation, and Constitutional Law: the People Versus the Nation in Belgium

    Sovereignty, Civic Participation, and Constitutional Law: The People versus the Nation in Belgium Edited by Brecht Deseure, Raf Geenens, and Stefan Sottiaux First published in 2021 ISBN: 978-0-367-48359-3 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-71228-0 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-03952-5 (ebk) Chapter 11 Pulling the curtain on the national sovereignty myth: Sovereignty and referendums in Belgian constitutional doctrine Christophe Maes, Brecht Deseure, and Ronald Van Crombrugge (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) This OA chapter is funded by KU Leuven. 11 Pulling the curtain on the national sovereignty myth Sovereignty and referendums in Belgian constitutional doctrine Christophe Maes, Brecht Deseure, and Ronald Van Crombrugge Introduction The dominant interpretation of sovereignty in the Belgian Constitution holds that the National Congress consciously opted for national sovereignty as opposed to popular sovereignty. Followers of this interpretation argue that direct consul- tation of the people – most notably through referendums – is unconstitutional. Giving voice to the nation through legal decision-making is reserved exclusively for political representatives. Yet, it has been shown elsewhere that the national sovereignty interpretation is an anachronism (De Smaele, 2005; Deseure, 2016b; Geenens and Sottiaux, 2015). This chapter traces the development of the closely related subjects of sovereignty and referendums in Belgian constitutional doctrine from 1831 onwards. We will chart the different points of view on sovereignty from the nineteenth century until the definite breakthrough of the national sov- ereignty interpretation between 1893 and 1950, as well as the implications this development had for the perceived (un)constitutionality of referendums. We will also briefly address the more recent (post-2000) debates on citizen participation and their connection to the issue of sovereignty.
  • This Item Is the Archived Peer-Reviewed Author-Version Of

    This Item Is the Archived Peer-Reviewed Author-Version Of

    This item is the archived peer-reviewed author-version of: 'La mentalité de nos confrères à l'égard de ce qui fut jadis et sera demain'. The Neutralities of Belgium, the Congo Free State and the Belgian Congo (1885-1914) seen through the Journal des Tribunaux Reference: Dhondt Frederik, Vandenbogaerde Sebastiaan.- 'La mentalité de nos confrères à l'égard de ce qui fut jadis et sera demain'. The Neutralities of Belgium, the Congo Free State and the Belgian Congo (1885-1914) seen through the Journal des Tribunaux Belgisch tijdschrift voor nieuw ste geschiedenis / Jan Dhondt Stichting; CEGESOMA [Brussel] - ISSN 0035-0869 - 48:1-2(2018), p. 134-162 To cite this reference: https://hdl.handle.net/10067/1546700151162165141 Institutional repository IRUA “La mentalité de nos confrères à l’égard de ce qui fut jadis et sera demain”1 The Neutralities of Belgium, the Congo Free State and the Belgian Congo (1885-1914) seen through the Journal des Tribunaux2 Frederik Dhondt3 - Sebastiaan Vandenbogaerde4 I. Introduction The Great War fought between 1914 and 1918 involved each and every imperial power and devastated the entire world. In that respect, the centenary commemoration generated a disproportionately large attention to the heroic battles in Flanders and the North of France. The war experience in the colonies, where European powers found the required manpower and resources5, has been barely looked at. The African Theatre of War, where Germany started its East African Military Campaign to force allied governments to keep their armed forces and supplies on the dark continent, generated new interest6. In comparison, the case of the Belgian Congo during the First World War and the key question on its neutrality, remains until now largely unexplored7.