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Chronique Des 2010 Élections Parlementaires Volume 44 Volume 44

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Chronique Des 2010 Élections Parlementaires Volume 44 Volume 44 sroCouverture_Fr_Mise en page 1 11/08/11 11:04 Page1 ISSN (imprimé): 1994-0955 ISSN (en ligne): 1994-0971 UNION INTERPARLEMENTAIRE CHRONIQUE DES 2010 ÉLECTIONS PARLEMENTAIRES VOLUME 44 VOLUME 44 Publiée annuellement en anglais et en français depuis 1967, la Chronique des élections parlementaires rend compte de toutes les élections législatives nationales tenues dans le monde entier sur une année. On y trouve des infor- mations sur le système électoral, le contexte et l’issue de chaque élection, ainsi que des statistiques sur les résultats, la répartition des voix et la répartition de sièges selon le groupe politique, le sexe et l’âge. On peut aussi trouver les informations figurant dans la Chronique dans la base de données de l’UIP sur les parlements nationaux, PARLINE. PARLINE, qui est accessible sur le site Web de l’UIP (http://www.ipu.org/parline-f), est mise à jour régulièrement. Union interparlementaire 5, chemin du Pommier Case postale 330 CH-1218 Le Grand-Saconnex Genève – Suisse Tél.: +41 22 919 41 50 Fax: +41 22 919 41 60 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.ipu.org CHRONIQUE DES ÉLECTIONS PARLEMENTAIRES 2010 2010 Chronique des élections parlementaires VOLUME 44 1er janvier - 31 décembre 2010 © Union interparlementaire 2011 ISSN (imprimé) : 1994-0955 ISSN (en ligne) : 1994-0971 Photographies Couverture : photo AFP/Pascal Pavani Quatrième de couverture : photo AFP/Tugela Ridley Union interparlementaire Bureau de l'Observateur permanent de 5, chemin du Pommier l'UIP auprès des Nations Unies Case postale 330 220 East 42nd Street CH-1218 Le Grand-Saconnex Suite 3002 Genève — Suisse New York, N.Y. 10017 USA Tél. : + 41 22 919 41 50 Tél. : + 1 212 557 58 80 Fax : + 41 22 919 41 60 Fax : +1 212 557 39 54 E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] Site Web : http://www.ipu.org/parline-f TABLE DES MATIERES Introduction.................................................................................................................4 Afghanistan : Assemblée nationale Chambre des Représentants....................................................................8 Australie : Parlement du Commonwealth australien Chambre des Représentants..................................................................15 Sénat..........................................................................................................21 Azerbaïdjan : Assemblée nationale.......................................................................27 Bahreïn : Assemblée nationale Conseil des Représentants......................................................................32 Belgique : Parlement fédéral Chambre des Représentants..................................................................37 Sénat..........................................................................................................47 Bosnie-Herzégovine : Assemblée parlementaire Chambre des Représentants..................................................................58 Brésil : Congrès national Chambre des Députés............................................................................65 Sénat fédéral ............................................................................................70 Burundi : Parlement Assemblée nationale...............................................................................75 Colombie : Congrès Chambre des Représentants..................................................................81 Sénat..........................................................................................................86 Costa Rica : Assemblée législative.........................................................................91 Egypte : Assemblée du Peuple..............................................................................96 Assemblée de la Choura ......................................................................105 Etats-Unis d’Amérique : Congrès Chambre des Représentants................................................................111 Sénat........................................................................................................116 Ethiopie : Chambre des Représentants du Peuple.............................................121 Haïti : Assemblée nationale Chambre des Députés..........................................................................126 Sénat........................................................................................................135 Hongrie : Assemblée nationale ............................................................................143 Iles Salomon : Parlement national........................................................................151 Iraq : Conseil des Représentants de l'Iraq...........................................................157 Japon : Diète nationale Chambre des Conseillers ......................................................................163 Chronique 44 - janvier - décembre 2010 1 TABLE DES MATIERES Jordanie : Assemblée nationale Chambre des Représentants................................................................172 Kirghizistan : Conseil suprême...............................................................................178 Lettonie : Parlement ...............................................................................................186 Maurice : Assemblée nationale............................................................................192 Myanmar : Assemblée de l'Union Chambre des Représentants................................................................197 Chambre des Nationalités ....................................................................209 Nauru : Parlement ..................................................................................................221 Pays-Bas : Etats Généraux Chambre des Représentants................................................................229 Philippines : Congrès Chambre des Représentants................................................................236 Sénat........................................................................................................242 République de Moldova : Parlement...................................................................248 République dominicaine : Congrès de la République Chambre des Députés..........................................................................256 Sénat........................................................................................................260 République tchèque : Parlement Chambre des Députés..........................................................................264 Sénat........................................................................................................271 République-Unie de Tanzanie : Assemblée nationale.......................................278 Royaume-Uni : Parlement Chambre des Communes ....................................................................283 Saint-Kitts-et-Nevis : Assemblée nationale..........................................................290 Saint-Vincent-et-les-Grenadines : Assemblée ...................................................294 Sao Tomé-et-Principe : Assemblée nationale.....................................................299 Slovaquie : Conseil national..................................................................................303 Soudan : Législature nationale Assemblée nationale.............................................................................310 Sri Lanka : Parlement .............................................................................................317 Suède : Parlement..................................................................................................324 Suriname : Assemblée nationale..........................................................................330 2 Chronique 44 - janvier - décembre 2010 TABLE DES MATIERES Tadjikistan : Conseil suprême Chambre des Représentants................................................................336 Tonga : Assemblée législative ...............................................................................340 Trinité-et-Tobago : Parlement de Trinité-et-Tobago Chambre des Représentants................................................................345 Tuvalu : Parlement de Tuvalu................................................................................350 Venezuela : Assemblée nationale .......................................................................353 Chronique 44 - janvier - décembre 2010 3 INTRODUCTION En 2010, 56 scrutins législatifs directs se sont tenus dans 44 pays. Sur l’ensemble de ces pays, le taux de participation moyen a été de 65,34 pour cent des électeurs, en baisse de 3,95 points par rapport aux élections tenues en 2009, selon les informations disponibles. Le parti ou la coalition en place ont été reconduits dans 21 des 28 pays dans lesquels la composition du gouvernement dépend des résultats des élections législatives. Les faits de violence liés aux élections ont été moins nombreux que les années précédentes. Si la violence a fait rage en Afghanistan et aux Philippines, en revanche, d’après le Haut Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l’homme (HCDH), les élections qui ont eu lieu en Colombie ont été les plus paisibles qu’ait connu le pays depuis de nombreuses années. Effets de la crise économique mondiale Les mesures d’austérité mises en place suite à la crise économique mondiale ont été le principal sujet des élections dans de nombreux pays. Dans plusieurs pays d’Europe, les élections ont
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