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Theatrum Arbitrt: Theatrical Elements in the Satyr1ca of Petronius https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ Theses Digitisation: https://www.gla.ac.uk/myglasgow/research/enlighten/theses/digitisation/ This is a digitised version of the original print thesis. Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] “THEATRUM ARBITRT: THEATRICAL ELEMENTS IN THE SATYR1CA OF PETRONIUS. t y COSTAS PANAYOTAKIS Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) to the University of Glasgow, Faculty of Arts, Department of Classics. © Costas Panayotakis, August 1993. ProQuest Number: 10992179 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10992179 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ° -r^ji ■ i Q /f c GLASGOW UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ABSTRACT. The title of this thesis is Theatrical elements in the Satyrica of Petronius". It is a literary study which deals with the possible influence that Roman comic drama (comedies of Plautus and Terence, theatre of the Greek and Roman mimes, the fabula palliata, fabula togata, fabula Atellana) might have exerted on the surviving extant fragments of Petronius’ novel. In the preface I summarise briefly the generally accepted view about the identity of the novel’s author and the diverse nature of his work, and I explain the method and criteria which are to be used for the intended study of the novel. The introductory chapter has two purposes: first, to delineate in a lucid way the theatre of the mimes and its main features, since this theatrical genre is predominant in the world of entertainment in Petronius’ time; second, to provide a brief account of both the ancient testimonia and modern scholarly works which make fundamental comments on this novel from a theatrical point of view. Chapters one to fifteen form the main part of the thesis: I follow the narrative thread of the Petronian novel in its episodic form and attempt to interpret the events in terms of visual role-playing and the stage. The conclusion draws together the main themes of the thesis, and attempts to explain the strong impact of theatre and its intended function in the Satyrica. The bibliographical material has been divided into three sections, due to its length, and for the convenience of the reader: a) editions and commentaries of texts referred to in the thesis, b) books and articles to which reference has been made in the footnotes, and c) other works consulted to form a more complete view of the problems concerning Petronius’ text, the novel in general, and popular theatre, Greek and Roman. A detailed theatrical study of the Satyrica is more than a mere enumeration of passages from a genre which influenced Petronius. It can shed light on the dispute over the delivery of the text and gives a clearer picture of how Petronius may have viewed his literary creation. Finally, the farcical features which recur throughout the narrative support the interpretation of this composite text as an eccentric innovation in the area of literature which, through sophisticated means, aimed to amuse without preaching moral lessons. 3 ABSTRACT ..............................................................2 LIST OF CONTENTS......................................................... 3 PREFACE .................................................................5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.............................................7 INTRODUCTION. I. MIMUS IMITATIO VITAE............................................................................................ 8 n . FERETOTUS MUNDUS EX ARBITRI NOSTRI SENTENTIA MIMUM VIDETUR IMPLERE.................................................................................. 15 CHAPTER ONE. TAMQUAM SCHOLASTICI: SAT. 1.1-5.1.1-22.........................................................21 CHAPTER TWO. RIXA INTER ZELOTYPOS ET AMASIUNCULOS: SAT. 6.1-11.4............................30 CHAPTER THREE. TUNICULARIA: SAT. 12.1-15.9............... 41 CHAPTER FOUR. MI MI CAE NUPTIAE: SAT. 16.1-26.6..........................................................................54 CHAPTER FIVE. SPECTACULUM TRIMALCHIONIS: SAT. 26.7-78.8 ............................................... 76 I. CONVIVIA POETARUM ET PHILOSOPHORUM..........................................80 II. SAT. 26.7-28.5 ..................................................................................................... 83 III. SAT. 28.6-31.2 ................................................................................................. 91 IV. SAT. 31.3-33.2.................................................................................................. 94 V. SAT. 33.3-34.5...................................................................................................102 V I. SA 7.34.6-36.8 .....................................................................................................105 V II. SAT. 37.1-41.8 ..................... I l l VIII. SAT. 41.9-46.8 ........................................................................................... 116 IX. SAT. 47.1-53.10 .............................................................................................118 X.SAT. 53.11-59.7 ..................................................................................................128 X I. SAT. 60.1-64.1................................................................................................141 X II. SAT. 64.2-64.13............................................................................................. 145 X III. SAT. 65.1-67.13 ......................................................................................... 149 XIV. SAT. 68.1-69.5 ........................................................................................... 154 4 X V . SAT. 69.6-73.5 ................................................................................................161 XVI. SAT. 73.5-73.8 .............................................................................................167 CHAPTER SIX. ENCOLPIUS ET ASCYLTUS RIXANTUR DE GITONE: SAT. 79.1-82.6 ................ 172 CHAPTER SEVEN. IN PINACOTHECA: SAT. 83.1-90.7 .......................................................................... 188 CHAPTER EIGHT. FABULA INTER A MANTES: SAT. 91.1-96.7...........................................................193 CHAPTER NINE. MIMICUM MOECHIMONIUM: SAT. 97.1-99.4........................................................ 205 CHAPTER TEN. MIMICUM NAUFRAGIUM: SAT. 99.5-115.20........................................................212 CHAPTER ELEVEN. DIVES FUGITIVUS: SAT. 116.1-125.4......................................................................238 CHAPTER TWELVE. POLYAENON CIRCE AMAT: SAT. 126.1-130.8 ...................................................... 244 CHAPTER THIRTEEN. IMPOTENTIA SCAENAM DESIDERAT: SAT. 131.1-139.5.....................................256 CHAPTER FOURTEEN. PYGESIACA SACRA: SAT. 140.1-11........................................................................ 272 CHAPTER FIFTEEN. MIMICA MORS: SAT. 139.5 & 140.12-141.11.........................................................281 CONCLUSION. GREX AGIT IN SCAENA MI MUM.............................................................................284 BIBLIOGRAPHY. EDITIONS AND COMMENTARIES............................................................................ 293 WORKS TO WHICH REFERENCE HAS BEEN MADE...........................................294 OTHER WORKS CONSULTED .......................................................................306 5 PREFACE. The Satyrica or Satyricon Libri, nowadays regarded conventionally as a kind of novel, was written probably between 63 and 66 A.D. perhaps by Titus Petronius Niger, a man who led a most extraordinary way of life, if he was the same Petronius as the one described by Tacitus (Ann. XVI.18-19) as being appointed Elegantiae Arbiter in Nero’s court, after Seneca had ceased to be the emperor’s favourite in his literary coterie.i What has survived from the original is no more than fragments probably from books XIV, XV and XVI. We do not know how much more there was .2 Similarly, we can only speculate on the way it was delivered to some of Petronius’ contemporaries.3 There are two main theories which have been formed to answer the vital question of the novel’s purpose: one supports the notion that it was composed as literary entertainment and the other favours the more serious interpretation of moral preaching.4 For many the question remains still open. The surviving Satyrica tells the adventures of Encolpius
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