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Elizabeth I and Irish Rule: Causations For
ELIZABETH I AND IRISH RULE: CAUSATIONS FOR CONTINUED SETTLEMENT ON ENGLAND’S FIRST COLONY: 1558 - 1603 By KATIE ELIZABETH SKELTON Bachelor of Arts in History Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 2009 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS May, 2012 ELIZABETH I AND IRISH RULE: CAUSATIONS FOR CONTINUED SETTLEMENT ON ENGLAND’S FIRST COLONY: 1558 - 1603 Thesis Approved: Dr. Jason Lavery Thesis Adviser Dr. Kristen Burkholder Dr. L.G. Moses Dr. Sheryl A. Tucker Dean of the Graduate College ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 1 II. ENGLISH RULE OF IRELAND ...................................................... 17 III. ENGLAND’S ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP WITH IRELAND ...................... 35 IV. ENGLISH ETHNIC BIAS AGAINST THE IRISH ................................... 45 V. ENGLISH FOREIGN POLICY & IRELAND ......................................... 63 VI. CONCLUSION ...................................................................... 90 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................ 94 iii LIST OF MAPS Map Page The Island of Ireland, 1450 ......................................................... 22 Plantations in Ireland, 1550 – 1610................................................ 72 Europe, 1648 ......................................................................... 75 iv LIST OF TABLES Table Page -
HU1 MAYNOOTH Oitecoil R»A Heirearwi M I Nuad
L'O ^tS-U HU1 MAYNOOTH Oitecoil r»a hEirearwi M i Nuad THE IMPACT OF EX BRITISH SOLDIERS ON THE I RISH VOLUNTEERS AND FREE STATE ARMY 1913-1924 BY MICHAEL JOSEPH WHELAN IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MA DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: PROFESSOR R.V.COMERFORD SUPERVISOR OF RESEARCH: DR IAN SPELLER July 2006 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to highlight the service of ex-British soldiers in the Irish Army and to examine some of their experiences during the period 1913-1924 with particular emphasis on the Irish Civil War. There was a constant utilisation of ex-British servicemen for their skills and also their intimidation by republicans throughout the period but their involvement may have been one of the factors that helped the IRA to bring the British government to negotiate. This is also true for the Free State Army and its defeat of the IRA during the Civil War. The Irish Volunteers and IRA was a guerrilla force combating a conventional army in many cases by using British military skills learned from ex-British soldiers. The Free State Army fought the IRA, which it had also evolved from, portraying a conventional military force using many more ex-British soldiers and lessons they had learned from the War of Independence against the British and those learned during the Great War. The ex-British soldiers helped to transform the army from a guerrilla force into a conventional army and it was probably their impact that had the greatest influence on the Irish Free State Army in defeating the republican forces and helped win the Irish Civil War. -
Gaelic Succession, Overlords, Uirríthe and the Nine Years'
Provided by the author(s) and NUI Galway in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. ‘Every Kingdom divided against itself shall be destroyed’: Title Gaelic succession, overlords, uirríthe and the Nine Years’ War (1593-1603) Author(s) McGinty, Matthew Publication Date 2020-06-18 Publisher NUI Galway Item record http://hdl.handle.net/10379/16035 Downloaded 2021-09-25T23:05:57Z Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above. ‘Every Kingdom divided against itself shall be destroyed’: Gaelic succession, overlords, uirríthe and the Nine Years’ War (1593-1603) by Matthew McGinty, B.A, M.A Thesis for the Degree of PhD, Department of History National University of Ireland, Galway Supervisor of Research: Dr. Pádraig Lenihan May 2020 i Table of Contents Abstract………………………………………………………………………iv Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………. v Abbreviations………………………………………………………………. vi Conventions………………………………………………………………….viii Introduction………………………………………………………………….1 Chapter One: ‘You know the nature of the Irish, how easily they are divided’: Tanistry, Overlords, Uirríthe and Division……………………………………………18 Chapter Two: There can be no sound friendship between them’: Divisions among the O’Neills and O’Donnells……………………………………………………62 Chapter Three: ‘The absolute commander of all the north of Ireland’: The formation of the Gaelic confederacy in a divided Ulster…………………………………..92 Chapter Four: ‘It will be hard for me to agree you’: Keeping the confederacy together before the arrival of Docwra…………………………………………………131 -
Story of Castle Magne (Continued) Author(S): James Carmody Source: Kerry Archaeological Magazine, Vol
Story of Castle Magne (continued) Author(s): James Carmody Source: Kerry Archaeological Magazine, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Apr., 1909), pp. 49-79 Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30059592 Accessed: 27-06-2016 10:23 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Kerry Archaeological Magazine This content downloaded from 131.247.112.3 on Mon, 27 Jun 2016 10:23:53 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms TakenbyMajorJ.McGillyeudy CASTLEMAINEBRIDGE(SeenfromtheEast). This content downloaded from 131.247.112.3 on Mon, 27 Jun 2016 10:23:53 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms YtoRy of Castle iOaPne, Co. terry. BY TEE REV. JAMES CARMODY, P,P, (Continued.) ESMOND is once more Lord in Munster. Castle Magne is in his hands, and Perrott's great achieve- ments in the south have been rendered fruitless. He realises to the full, however, the seriousness of recent events, for which he will be held responsible, and lie tries to smooth over difficulties with the Government. The situation was nlo easy one, nor was Desmond well fitted to cope with it. -
Terrible Beauty: a History of Ireland Craig L
Terrible Beauty: A History of Ireland Craig L. Foster, Research Specialist, AG® FamilySearch [email protected] EARLY IRELAND, 1169 - 1800 Christianity was brought to Ireland in the 5th century with devoted people like St. Patrick, St. Brigid of Kildare, and St. Columba of Iona. The Norman invasion of Ireland in May 1169 when Cambro-Normans and Anglo-Normans landed in Ireland at the request of Dermot MacMurragh, the deposed King of Leinster. Over the next few centuries, Cambro and Anglo-Normans intermarried with the native Irish and within a couple of generations there were the Hiberno-Normans. These Hiberno-Normans were said to be "more Irish than the Irish themselves.” The Statutes of Kilkenny were a series of thirty-five acts passed at Kilkenny in 1366. The statutes “forbade the intermarriage between the native Irish and the native English, the English fostering of Irish children, the English adoption of Irish children and use of Irish names and dress.” Conflicts: 1534-1537 Rebellion of Silken Thomas FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Kildare 1579-1583 Second Desmond Rebellion of James FitzMaurice FitzGerald of the House of Desmond 1594-1603 The Nine Years War of Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone and Red Hugh O'Donnell of Tyrconnell 1641 Irish Rebellion of 1641 led by Phelim Roe O'Neill of Kinard of the Catholic Confederation 1690 Battle of the Boyne and the defeat of the forces of the deposed King James II of England and Ireland by those of King William III, husband of Queen Mary II, daughter of James II. Plantations: Early plantations (1556–1576) Munster Plantation (1586 onwards) as a result of the Desmond Rebellions Ulster Plantation (1606 onwards) as a result of the Nine Years War Later plantations (1610–1641) Wexford (1610) – lands confiscated from the MacMurrough- Kavanagh clan Wicklow (1630s) Cromwellian land confiscation (1652) “Over 12,000 veterans of the New Model Army were awarded land in Ireland in place of their wages due” and up to 7,500 soldiers settled there. -
Fitz BROCHURE.Indd
Aged seventeen, Fitz enlisted in James Christopher Fitzmaurice, Friday 5 October, 7pm the British Army and was posted later to be known as ‘Fitz’, moved Dunamaise Arts Centre to France. He fought in the Battle to Maryborough (now Portlaoise) of the Somme and his bravery led at the age of four in 1902 when opening of exhibition in the gallery his father, a prison warder, was speakers transferred from Mountjoy. He Minister Charles Flanagan will officially open ‘Fitz & the 1st East-to-West Atlantic Flight’ attended the Christian Brothers’ Brendon Deacy, artist & exhibition curator School until he was sixteen. As a lad, Fitz spent every minute please take your seats in the auditorium he could, helping out in Aldritts’ Garage where motor-cars were MC: Muireann Ní Chonaill, Arts Officer & Creative Ireland Co-ordinator for Laois designed and built. The Aldritts speakers also built the fi rst aeroplane to Cllr John King, Cathaoirleach of Laois County Council be assembled in what is now the Teddy Fennelly, Chairman of the Fitzmaurice Commemoration Committee Republic of Ireland! The young Fitz assisted on the construction Brig. Gen. Seán Clancy, GOC of the Irish Air Corps of this fl ying machine and looked Alan Phelan, ‘The Portlaoise Plane’ This exhibition salutes Colonel James Fitzmaurice, him to be promoted to the rank of on proudly when it was wheeled Prof. Dr. Bernd Hamacher, University of Bremen the Irish airman affectionately known as ‘Fitz’, acting sergeant before his to the largest meadow in the Ralph James, former GOC Irish Air Corps nineteenth birthday. When the War who flew into aviation history by co-piloting the area for its maiden fl ight. -
In a Short Time There Were None Almost Left: the Success And
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Senior Honors Projects Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island 2006 In a Short Time There Were None Almost Left: The uccesS s and Failure of the Tudor Conquest in Ireland Sean McIntyre University of Rhode Island Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog Part of the European History Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, and the Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures Commons Recommended Citation McIntyre, Sean, "In a Short Time There Were None Almost Left: The ucS cess and Failure of the Tudor Conquest in Ireland" (2006). Senior Honors Projects. Paper 3. http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/3http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at the University of Rhode Island at DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. In a Short Time There Were None Almost Left The Success and Failure Of the Tudor Conquest in Ireland By: Sean McIntyre Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Scott Molloy 1 Abstract There are few periods in the history of any nation as tumultuous as the late -sixteenth and early -seventeenth centuries in Ireland. The following paper examines the social and religious upheavals of this period and identifies an emergent national identity among ‘Gaelic Irish’ and ‘Anglo -Irish’ Catholics. Although Engl ish forces defeated the Irish ‘rebels’ in the two major military conflicts of the period, the Desmond Rebellion (1579-84) and the Nine Years’ War (1595-1603), the means employed by England to achieve victory , cultural continuity among the Irish (and Gaelicise d English), as well as the conflict over religion throughout Europe ensured that Ireland would remain a point of resistance to colonialism and the reformation. -
Desider: Issue 119, June 2018
www.des.mod.uk Issue 119 June 2018 the magazine for defence equipment and support Landdes Ceptor 2 Foreword must start my first Desider at risk and Merlin Mk 4 helicopter foreword as CEO by saying is being released into service. I how incredibly honoured I The first firing trials of the feel to have been given the British Army’s Land Ceptor opportunity to lead DE&S. missile system have taken place successfully demonstrating its "I’m delighted to see how many DE&S employees are accuracy and power. Meanwhile the RAF’s A400M giving back to their community through wonderful Atlas has gained full aeromedical evacuation capability for work like this" high dependency and highly infectious patients, signalling another important step forward Michael Bradley has done a for this integral programme. tremendous job as interim CEO And the first Phenom jet – part and has given me such solid of DE&S’ £1.1 billion upgraded foundations on which to build pilot-training fleet – has been upon (read more about Sir Simon acclaimed after making its and his hopes for the future on maiden training flight. pages 12&13). Finally, I must recognise those Starting off on a personal note, DE&S Science, Technology, I had the tremendous privilege Engineering and Mathematics of greeting George "Johnny" (STEM) ambassadors who Johnson at MOD Abbey Wood led classes at Vinney Green again when he visited to close Secure Children’s Home which our successful Learning at accommodates boys and girls, Work Week and spoke to staff aged between 10 and 17, many about his experiences with 617 of whom have committed serious Squadron in 1943 and his part in crimes. -
The Plantation of Leix and Ojfaly
1891 61 The Plantation of Leix and Ojfaly F all the allies of ' Silken Thomas' there was none more loyal O to him in the hour of his distress than his brother-in law, Downloaded from Brian O'Conor, prince of Offaly. When Gilapatrick O'More, chief of the O'MoreB of Leix, allowed himself to be seduced to the English side, O'Conor remained faithful to his allegiance, and together with O'Brien, prince of Thomond, bore the brunt of lord Leonard Grey's displeasure. In the spring of 1587, only a few http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ weeks after Kildare's head had fallen on Tower Hill, a great hosting was instituted against him, and the lord deputy advancing by unaccustomed paths into his territory, then a vast wilderness of bog and forest-land, expelled him from the country, razed his fortresses to the ground, and appointed Cahir O'Conor, whose ambition had led him into treasonable practices again his brother, chief in his stead. The expedition was deemed ' a notable exploit;' at New York University on May 27, 2015 but before the year had expired O'Conor had returned to his old haunts and was soon as strong as ever. Truly, as St. Leger wrote to Cromwell, the country was much easier won than kept; ' for unless it be peopled with others than be there already, and also certain fortresses, there builded and warded, if it be gotten the one day it is lost the next.' l The task of suppressing O'Conor seemed hopeless, and partly for this reason, partly also perhaps because his conscience reproached him for his excessive severity, Grey offered him terms of peace. -
An Overview of Tudor Ireland
Gale Primary Sources Start at the source. An Overview of Tudor Ireland Professor Rory Rapple University of Notre Dame Various source media, State Papers Online EMPOWER™ RESEARCH Ireland underwent a profound transformation in the different origin myth, glorified specific emblems of its sixteenth century. In 1500 Ireland, nominally a own culture and cherished an epic aspiration for its possession of the Tudors, was largely autonomous; by eventual victory over the other. In truth, however, the 1603 that autonomy had been broken. The manner in country’s lords, both Gaelic and English-Irish, had quite which this change unfolded could not have been a deal in common, being addicted to what, in the foreseen a hundred years earlier. The Irish state English view, looked exactly like the appurtenances of papers (series SP 60, 61, 62, 63), collated bastard feudalism: the maintenance of private armies, here,[1] amount to, quite simply, the single best source forcible entry onto lands, cattle-rustling and arbitrary historians have at their disposal when considering this exactions against those within their individual spheres transformation. Other sets of state papers (hived off by of influence. These practices used – most notably – by individual statesmen or collectors) such as the adherents of the two main indigenous factions, the Fitzwilliam papers in the Bodleian Carte Manuscripts, Butlers (the house of Ormond) and the Geraldines (the the Carew Manuscripts at Lambeth Palace and others houses of Kildare and Desmond), were antagonistic to scattered across various holdings, although the higher form of law, order and administration indispensible, can only serve as partial adjuncts to this practiced in the home counties of England. -
A Popular History of Ireland V2
A Popular History of Ireland V2 Thomas D'Arcy McGee A Popular History of Ireland V2 Table of Contents A Popular History of Ireland V2.............................................................................................................................1 Thomas D'Arcy McGee.................................................................................................................................2 BOOK VIII. THE ERA OF THE REFORMATION..................................................................................................5 CHAPTER IV. SIR HENRY SIDNEY'S DEPUTYSHIP—PARLIAMENT OF 1569— THE SECOND “GERALDINE LEAGUE”—SIR JAMES FITZ−MAURICE.....................................................................6 CHAPTER V. THE “UNDERTAKERS” IN ULSTER AND LEINSTER—DEFEAT AND DEATH OF SIR JAMES FITZMAURICE...............................................................................................................10 CHAPTER VI. SEQUEL OF THE SECOND GERALDINE LEAGUE—PLANTATION OF MUNSTER—EARLY CAREER OF HUGH O'NEIL, EARL OF TYRONE—PARLIAMENT OF 1585.............................................................................................................................................................13 CHAPTER VII. BATTLE OF GLENMALURE—SIR JOHN PERROTT'S ADMINISTRATION— THE SPANISH ARMADA—LORD DEPUTY FITZWILLIAM—ESCAPE OF HUGH ROE O'DONNELL FROM DUBLIN CASTLE—THE ULSTER CONFEDERACY FORMED......................16 CHAPTER VIII. THE ULSTER CONFEDERACY—FEAGH MAC HUGH O'BYRNE—CAMPAIGN OF 1595—NEGOTIATIONS, ENGLISH AND SPANISH—BATTLE -
Chapter 6 Flight
Chapter 6 Meteorology and flight In the piecewise way that a book like this comes together there are various ways in which the division of chapters from here on could be organised and each approach might have its perfectly logical basis. However the arrangement that is adopted here has more to do with the way in which the I came to the subject and how these topics related to other matters including the academic research career for which I was officially being paid. My first contact was when my father handed me a set of photographs connected with the flight of the Bremen in 1929, an event which he had witnessed. He was amongst the crowds of people who assembled at Baldonnel Aerodrome near Dublin on a very wet day to witness the take-off. He held his Brownie box camera aloft and clicked, but got only a picture of the sky. Later in his career as both an artist and an officer in the Irish army he proposed a design for a "Bremen Memorial" This was not taken up but the plasticine model complete with 'lake' which I have sketched below sat on the windowsill of our kitchen for many years until sunlight eventually degraded the constituent plasticisers. Much later, I became involved in the history of trans-Atlantic telegraphy and particularly the role of James Graves, the Superintendent at the Valentia island cable station and my wife's great-great grandfather. In addition to the much discussed issue of naval anchorages, the Treaty of 1922 which led to independence and the establishment of the Irish Free State also had clauses which covered British use of airfields, wireless stations and submarine cables.