Penguin Sorting

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PENGUIN SORTING Skills Sorting Objectives Classification First sort penguin species however they would like (size, color, other markers.) Materials Then they sort them by genus, to see how Printed and cut (in color) penguin cards scientists classify them. Vocabulary Duration Species Under 30 Genus Learning Level Gr K-4 Adélie Yellow-Eyed African Humboldt Erect-Crested Pygoscelis adeliae Megadyptes antipodes Spheniscus demersus Spheniscus humboldti Eudyptes sclateri Royal Chinstrap Emperor Magellanic Gentoo Eudyptes schlegeli Pygoscelis antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Spheniscus magellanicus Pygoscelis papua Southern Rockhopper Galápagos Little Blue Eudyptes chrysocome Spheniscus mendiculus Eudyptula minor Snares King Northern Rockhopper Eudyptes robustus Aptenodytes patagonicus Eudyptes moseleyi Fjordland Macaroni Eudyptes pachyrhynchus Eudyptes chrysolophus Penguin Species Scientists recognize between 17-20 species of penguin. Some species are up for debate as genetic testing is done. Using the species cards: How would you sort the species? What characteristics would you use? Can you sort the species the way a scientist would? (Hint: In a scientific name, the first name is the name for the genus, and the second name is the name of the species. A genus is a group of related organisms.) What else do you notice about the differences between penguin species? What do you wonder? At-home extension: What is the size of a penguin? Here are the sizes of various penguin species. What items can you find in your house that are the same size? We’d love to see the things you find – post them to our social media! Species Size (metric) Size (imperial) Object in your house Emperor 122cm 48in King 70-100cm 28-39in Chinstrap 68-76cm 27-30in Royal 66-76cm 26-30in Yellow-Eyed 62-79cm 24-31in Magellanic 61-76cm 24-30in African 61-71cm 24-28in Macaroni 61-70cm 23-29in Humboldt 56-70cm 22-28in Fjordland 53-58cm 21-23in Gentoo 51-90cm 20-35in Erect-Crested 50-70cm 19-27in Penguin Snares Island 50-70cm 19-27in Galapagos 49-53cm 19-21in Adelie 46-71cm 18-28in Rockhopper 45-58cm 18-23in (Northern or Southern) Little Blue 30-33cm 12-13in .

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Species Status Assessment Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes Fosteri)
SPECIES STATUS ASSESSMENT EMPEROR PENGUIN (APTENODYTES FOSTERI) Emperor penguin chicks being socialized by male parents at Auster Rookery, 2008. Photo Credit: Gary Miller, Australian Antarctic Program. Version 1.0 December 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Program Branch of Delisting and Foreign Species Falls Church, Virginia Acknowledgements: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Penguins are flightless birds that are highly adapted for the marine environment. The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species. Emperors are near the top of the Southern Ocean’s food chain and primarily consume Antarctic silverfish, Antarctic krill, and squid. They are excellent swimmers and can dive to great depths. The average life span of emperor penguin in the wild is 15 to 20 years. Emperor penguins currently breed at 61 colonies located around Antarctica, with the largest colonies in the Ross Sea and Weddell Sea. The total population size is estimated at approximately 270,000–280,000 breeding pairs or 625,000–650,000 total birds. Emperor penguin depends upon stable fast ice throughout their 8–9 month breeding season to complete the rearing of its single chick. They are the only warm-blooded Antarctic species that breeds during the austral winter and therefore uniquely adapted to its environment. Breeding colonies mainly occur on fast ice, close to the coast or closely offshore, and amongst closely packed grounded icebergs that prevent ice breaking out during the breeding season and provide shelter from the wind. Sea ice extent in the Southern Ocean has undergone considerable inter-annual variability over the last 40 years, although with much greater inter-annual variability in the five sectors than for the Southern Ocean as a whole.
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Longevity in Little Penguins Eudyptula Minor
71 LONGEVITY IN LITTLE PENGUINS EUDYPTULA MINOR PETER DANN1, MELANIE CARRON2, BETTY CHAMBERS2, LYNDA CHAMBERS2, TONY DORNOM2, AUSTIN MCLAUGHLIN2, BARB SHARP2, MARY ELLEN TALMAGE2, RON THODAY2 & SPENCER UNTHANK2 1 Research Group, Phillip Island Nature Park, PO Box 97, Cowes, Phillip Island, Victoria, 3922, Australia ([email protected]) 2 Penguin Study Group, PO Box 97, Cowes, Phillip Island, Victoria, 3922, Australia Received 17 June 2005, accepted 18 November 2005 Little Penguins Eudyptula minor live around the mainland and Four were females, two were males and one was of unknown sex offshore islands of southern Australia and New Zealand (Marchant (Table 1). The oldest of the birds was a male that was banded by the & Higgins 1990). They are the smallest penguin species extant, Penguin Study Group as a chick before fledging on Phillip Island breeding in burrows and coming ashore only after nightfall. Most on 2 January 1976 in a part of the colony known as “the Penguin of their mortality appears to result from processes occurring at sea Parade.” This bird was not recorded again after initial banding (Dann 1992). The average life expectancy of breeding adult birds until it was five years old and was found raising two chicks at the is approximately 6.5 years (Reilly & Cullen 1979, Dann & Cullen Penguin Parade. This individual had a bill depth measurement 12% 1990, Dann et al. 1995); however, some individuals in southeastern less than the mean for male penguins from Phillip Island (Arnould Australia have lived far in excess of the average life expectancy. et al. 2004), but was classified as a male based on the sex of its mates (sexed as females from the presence of cloacal distension Approximately 44 000 birds have been flipper-banded on Phillip following egg-laying or from their bill-depth measurements).
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A Global Population Assessment of the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A global population assessment of the Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) Noah Strycker1*, Michael Wethington2, Alex Borowicz2, Steve Forrest2, Chandi Witharana3, Tom Hart4 & Heather J. Lynch2,5 Using satellite imagery, drone imagery, and ground counts, we have assembled the frst comprehensive global population assessment of Chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) at 3.42 (95th-percentile CI: [2.98, 4.00]) million breeding pairs across 375 extant colonies. Twenty-three previously known Chinstrap penguin colonies are found to be absent or extirpated. We identify fve new colonies, and 21 additional colonies previously unreported and likely missed by previous surveys. Limited or imprecise historical data prohibit our assessment of population change at 35% of all Chinstrap penguin colonies. Of colonies for which a comparison can be made to historical counts in the 1980s, 45% have probably or certainly declined and 18% have probably or certainly increased. Several large colonies in the South Sandwich Islands, where conditions apparently remain favorable for Chinstrap penguins, cannot be assessed against a historical benchmark. Our population assessment provides a detailed baseline for quantifying future changes in Chinstrap penguin abundance, sheds new light on the environmental drivers of Chinstrap penguin population dynamics in Antarctica, and contributes to ongoing monitoring and conservation eforts at a time of climate change and concerns over declining krill abundance in the Southern Ocean. Chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) are abundant in Antarctica, with past estimates ranging from 3–8 million breeding pairs, and are considered a species of “least concern” by BirdLife International1, but the popula- tion dynamics of this species are not well understood and several studies have highlighted signifcant declines at monitored sites2–6.
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Genomic Characterisation of a Novel Avipoxvirus Isolated from an Endangered Yellow-Eyed Penguin (Megadyptes Antipodes)
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Declining Eastern Rockhopper (Eudyptes Filholi) and Erect-Crested (E
124 AvailableNew on-lineZealand at: Journal http://www.newzealandecology.org/nzje/ of Ecology, Vol. 38, No. 1, 2014 Declining eastern rockhopper (Eudyptes filholi) and erect-crested (E. sclateri) penguins on the Antipodes Islands, New Zealand Johanna A. Hiscock1 and B. Louise Chilvers2* 1Southern Islands, Department of Conservation, PO Box 743, Invercargill, New Zealand 2Marine Species and Threats, Department of Conservation, PO Box 10 420, Wellington, New Zealand *Author for correspondence (Email: [email protected]) Published online: 7 November 2013 Abstract: New Zealand’s subantarctic Antipodes Islands are of international significance for breeding seabirds. However, penguin populations on the islands are declining. Uncertainty about the extent of this decline has been accentuated by a lack of accurate information on the population size and nest distribution of the penguin species, and the absence of an appropriate methodology for their long-term monitoring. We surveyed the nest abundance and distribution of eastern rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes filholi) and erect-crested penguins (E. sclateri) on the Antipodes Islands from 22 October to 6 November 2011 and compared counts with historical censuses from 1978 to 1995. Presence or absence of colonies previously known to have existed was recorded and counts of all nests within colonies around the islands were undertaken. In total, 42 689 nests of both species were counted over 103 colonies. Of these, 86% of nests (2475 rockhopper and 34 226 erect-crested) were counted accurately from on land. Overall, 24 entire colonies have ceased to exist since 1978, and there was an estimated 23% decline in the number of penguin nests between 1995 and 2011.
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Breeding Behavior of Captive Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes Forsteri) : A
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Behavior and Nesting Success Relative to Nest Location in Adslie Penguins (Pygoscelis Adeliae)
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Eudyptula Minor) Picture of Bird Full Life History Info: HP://Nzbirdsonline.Org.Nz/Species/LiLe-Penguin
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Breeding Dynamics of a Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis Papua Population at Cierva Point, Antarctic Peninsula
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