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Center for Radiation Research Center for Radiation Research J -QC 100 October 1986 .1156 # 86-3441 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards 1986 NBS RESEARCH NBSIR 86-3441 INFORMATION CENTER UUO 1 JO Center for Radiation Research Chris E. Kuyatt, Director U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards National Measurement Laboratory Center for Analytical Chemistry Gaithersburg, MD 20899 October 1986 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary National Bureau of Standards, Ernest Ambler, Director ABSTRACT This report summarizes research projects, measurement method development, calibration and testing, and data evaluation activities that were carried out during Fiscal Year 1986 in the NBS Center for Radiation Research. These activities fall in the areas of atomic and plasma radiation, radiation physics, radiometric physics, radiation sources and instrumentation, ionizing radiation, and nuclear physics. Key Words: Atomic radiation, ionizing radiation; measurement support; nuclear radiation; plasma radiation; radiation instrumentation, radiation measurements; radiation physics, radiation sources; radiometric physics. i INTRODUCTION This report is a summary of the technical activities of the NBS Center for Radiation Research (CRR) for the period October 1, 1985 to September 30, 1986. The Center is one of four Centers in the National Measurement Laooratory. The Center for Radiation Research develops and maintains the scientific competences and experimental facilities necessary to provide the Nation with a central basis for uniform physical measurements, measurement methodology, and measurement services in the areas of near infra-red radiation, optical (visible) radiation, ultraviolet radiation, and ionizing radiation (x rays, gamma rays, electrons, neutrons, radi oacti vity , etc.); provides government, industry, and the academic community with essential calibrations for field radiation measurements needed in such applied areas as nuclear power, lighting, solar measurements, aerospace, defense, color and appearance, health care, radiation processing, advanced laser development, and radiation protection for public safety; carries out research in order to develop improved radiation standards, new radiation measurement technology, and improved understanding of atomic, molecular, and ionizing radiation processes, and to elucidate the interaction of radiation and particles (electrons, neutrons, and ions) with inanimate and biological materials; collects, compiles, critically evaluates, and supplements the existing atomic, molecular, and ionizing radiation data bases in order to meet the major demands of the Nation for such data; and participates in col 1 aborst’ ve efforts with other NBS centers in the interdisciplinary applications of radi ati on. The summary of activities is organized into six parts, one for each of the five Divisions in the Center: Atomic and Plasma Radiation, Radiation Physics, Radiometric Physics, Radiation Sources and Instrumentation, and Ionizing Radiation, and one for the Nuclear Physics Group. A major subgroup of the Ionizing Radiation Division is the Office of Radiation Measurement. Each organizational unit tells its own story in its own way. In general there is an introduction followed by a series of short reports on current activities, publications during the year, talks given, committee participation, and professional interactions. A detailed table of contents has been provided to permit the reader to find those activities of greatest interest. To obtain more information about particular work, the reader should address the individual scientists or their division, c/o Center for Radiation Research, Radiation Physics Building, C229, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. Table of Contents ABSTRACT i INTRODUCTION ii CRR ORGANIZATION CHART vii ATOMIC AND PLASMA RADIATION - Division 531 1 Atomic Spectroscopy Group 3 Atomic Radiation Data Group 6 Plasma Radiation Group 9 Invited Talks 14 Publications 15 Publications in Preparation 20 Technical & Professional Committee Participation & Leadership .... 23 Major Consulting and Advisory Services 25 Journal Editorships 27 Trips Sponsored by Others 28 Calibration Services Performed 29 Sponsored Seminars and Colloquia 30 RADIATION PHYSICS - Division 533 33 Far Ultraviolet Physics Group 36 Electron Physics Group 42 Photon Physics Group 48 Sponsored Workshops, Conferences, and Symposia 57 Invited Talks 58 Publications 63 Publications in Preparation 67 Technical & Professional Committee Participation & Leadership .... 7U Major Consulting and Advisory Services 73 Journal Editorships 75 Trips Sponsored by Others « . „ ... „ . „ . ... 76 Calibration Services Performed 79 Sponsored Seminars and Colloquia 90 RADIOMETRIC PHYSICS - Division 534 83 Spectroradi ometry and Optical Pyromet ry Group 87 Spectrophotometry Group 89 Photodetector Physics and Metrology Group 94 Radiometric Measurement Services Group 97 Invited Talks 101 Publications 102 Publications in Preparation 104 Technical & Professional Committee Participation & Leadership ... 106 Journal Editorships 109 Standards Committee Meetings 110 Standards Writing Ill Major Consulting and Advisory Services 112 Standard Reference Materials 113 Measurement Assurance Services lib Calibration Services Performed lib Trips Sponsored by Others 11 ; Sponsored Seminars and Colloquia 113 i v RADIATION SOURCE AND INSTRUMENTATION - Division 535 119 CW Accelerator Research (Microtron) 119 Linac Operations 146 Instrumentation Services ... .... 148 Radiation Instrumentation Standards 151 Invited Talks 154 Publications 155 Publications in Preparation 156 Technical & Professional Committee Participation & Leadership .... 157 Major Consulting and Advisory Services 160 Sponsored Seminars and Colloquia 161 IONIZING RADIATION DIVISION - Division 536 163 Office of Radiation Measurement 164 Radiation Theory Group 173 Radiation Chemistry & Chemical Dosimetry Group 177 Neutron Mesurements & Research Group 183 Neutron Dosimetry Group 196 Radioactivity Group 206 X-Ray Physics Group 214 Dosimetry Group 218 Sponsored Workshops, Conferences, and Symposia 224 Invited Talks 225 Publications 231 Publications in Preparation 238 Technical & Professional Committee Participation & Leadership 244 Major Consulting and Advisory Services 254 v Journal Editorships 263 Trips Sponsored by Others 264 Standard Reference Materials 268 Calibration Services Performed 269 Sponsored Seminars and Colloquia 273 NUCLEAR PHYSICS GROUP - 530.1 275 Sponsored Workshops, Conferences, and Symposia 287 Invited Talks 288 Publications 291 Publications in Preparation 293 Technical & Professional Committee Participation & Leadership 294 Trips Sponsored by Others 296 Sponsored Seminars and Colloquia 298 LIST OF ACRONYMS 299 vi >- I v> UJ v^ 3 UJ as «a *s ** s S O! § 2 JZ o c ^ gu 6 a Vi A1IAI10WPIO\/H O) s seddqi (/) P E* P'§ O a £ SI as <T3 llJ Lu i' U_ •jj • *q O z -a o o I*— u_ a; 5= < <u < .o I ? b3 £^5 <! x Q_ •x "c P LlI « iJ as lb •- GO 5 s ca . IP• UJ .’ as i *=: ^a£ 0 _j 'a uj — "a —• q e o RESEARCH I i RADIATION £ ut_ A Q_ GO <T3 FOR e. O "3 LlJ t. as •<— | O CJ 2 > UJ UJ Q_ • o_ • 3 s CENTER V) < v) -a a; CO 3 LD oo C_J >- So X OO -UJ Q_ ro >- G. ZC O Q- 4-3 2| 'TS 3 o S ° gcS UJ o • u_ as UJ as £P o . TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES Division 531, Atomic and Plasma Radiation The Atomic and Plasma Radiation Division carries out a broad range of experimental and theoretical research on atomic structure and atomic radiation in plasmas. The division determines a large variety of atomic radiation and collision data, encompassing wavelengths of spectral lines; atomic energy levels; ionization potentials; atomic transition probabili- ties; plasma line broadening parameters; ionization and excitation cross sections and rate coefficients, and dielectronic rate coefficients. Two data centers located in the division critically evaluate and compile atomic energy levels and transition probabilities. The division is also engaged in research on the interaction of atomic radiation with plasma environments, and it explores such effects for the development of new measurement techniques. Furthermore, well-defined atomic radiation sources are developed as VUV radiometric standards or wavelength stan- dards. These activities support several areas of science and technology. A good deal of our work ties into magnetic fusion research, where atomic data are needed for studies of the effects of heavy ion impurities and where atomic radiation processes are utilized as non-interfering plasma probes. Other areas of direct applications are parts of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), vacuum ultraviolet and x-ray laser development, and space astronomy and solar physics. In all these areas, atomic radiation data are one of the basic ingredients, and plasma measurement techniques utilizing the emitted radiation are applied. Our vacuum ultraviolet radiometry work is now providing small calibrated radiation source packages to allow radiometric calibrations on board spacecraft, which are used, for example, on the space shuttle for accurate monitoring of the solar ultraviolet radiation, and are part of the space telescope i nstrumentati on The division consists of three technical groups: Atomic Spec- troscopy, Atomic Radiation Data, and the Plasma Radiation Groups. The division currently has 17 professional physicists, among them 15 Ph.D.s, plus 1 IPA. During 1986 the division has had 11 guest scientists from China (3), Israel (2), France (2), India (1), Soviet Union (1), and Yugosl avia ( 1)
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