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History of Science and Technology EPMagazine History of Science and Technology Issue No. 2, June, 2016 ISSN 1722-6961 Webmaster Rick Hilkens Year 2016 [email protected] Issue 2 - June I.S.S.N.1722-6961 International Cooperators International Editorial Board Schools Coordinators Brasov Editorial Board School 127 I. Denkoglu, Sofia, Brasov, Romania Bulgaria Tzvetan Kostov Transilvania University of Brasov Dr. Ioan Mesota National College Mircea Cristea Technical College Suttner-Schule, Biotechnologisches Gymnasium, Ettlingen, Germany Norbert Müller Students Anca Ungureanu, Andrei Miloiu, Andrei Pîrv, Timea Koppandi, Andrei Toderasc, Alexandru Mathe, Adrian Baku Ahmet Eren Anadolu Lisesi Kayseri, Turkey Okan Demir Teachers Elena Helerea, Monica Cotfas, Melania Filip Priestley College Boggio Lera Editorial Board Warrington, UK Shahida Khanam Catania, Italy Victor Babes National College Students Alessio Canini, Giuliano Sgroi, Gabriele Bucuresti, Romania Crina Stefureac Votadoro Teacher Angelo Rapisarda C. A. Rosetti High School Bucuresti, Romania Elisabeta Niculescu Fagaras Editorial Board, Fagaras, Romania Gh. Asachi Technical College Iasi, Romania Tamara Slatineanu Dr. Ioan Senchea Technological High School Students Sebastian Mesaros, Robert Verestiuc, IES Julio Verne, Roberta Oprean, Agnes Ercsei, Felix Husac Bargas, Spain Angel Delgado Teachers Luminita Husac, Gabriela Talaba, Emanuela Puia EPM Official Website: www.epmagazine. org Model Experimental High School Editorial Board EPM Online Magazine: epmagazine.altervista. Thessaloniki, Greece org Students Athina Stergiannidou, Spyros Terzin, Eu- genia Xaki, Niki Kozaiti, Ioannis Mantamas, Evaggelia EPM Greek Website www.epmgreece. Varlami, Christos Emmanouilidis, Dimitrios Zora blogspot.com Teachers Nikos Georgolios, Marilena Zarftzian Cover of the magazine: Andra Tudor Magazine Layout: Andra Tudor, Cristian Musuroi Editorial EN-Editorial................................4 RO-Editorial.................................4 BG-Редакционни бележки.........6 GR-Εκδοτικό Σημείωμα................6 IT-Εditoriale.................................8 SP-Editorial................................8 Viviana Moldovan General Educational Platforms...................10 Monica Cotfas 14-16 Mendeleev and Periodic Table of Elements...........................................14 Miruna-Cristina Cotfas Graphene. The Material of the Future......................................22 Lidia María Requena Patiño 2 Fun Pages Scientific quiz............................20 Adrian - Daniel Baku Crossword - Planets.........................21 Adrian - Daniel Baku 17-19 Gheorghe Marinescu - Scientist and Man................27 Felix Husac Drugs' Actions and Effects............31 Edoardo Lo Presti Why Does My Body Do This?..........34 Teodora Doroftei The History of Vaccines.................38 Alessio Sabbia János Bolyai - The Founder of Non-Euclidian Geometry..42 Timeea Koppandi University How Technology has Advanced Mathematics.....................................48 Alexandra Largen Piezoelectric Effect and its Applications .....................................51 Anca Ungureanu History of Technology of Lviv Part II ....................................................56 Oleh Ukhanskyi 3 Viviana Moldovan [email protected] Ioan Pascu Theoretical High School of Codlea EN- Editorial RO- Editorial The School of Tomorrow Școala Mileniului III Technology is rapidly changing the world Lumea se schimbă rapid datorită tehnologiei și and many people fear that technology will mulți oameni se tem că ea va înlocui inteligența replace human intelligence. Teachers fear umană. Cadrele didactice se tem că nu vor mai that they will have no students to teach avea niciun student cărora să le predea în vii- anymore in the future because of technol- tor deoarece tehnologia ar putea prelua sarcinile ogy which might take over their tasks and și abilitățile lor. Cu toate acestea, Educația nu abilities. However, Education will never dis- va dispărea niciodată. Va lua doar forme diferite. appear. It will just take different shapes. În următorii 20 de ani, vor exista unele In the next 20 years, there will be some schimbări fundamentale în educație. Începând fundamental changes in education. Starting cu sala de clasă. Sala de clasă tradițională, cu with the classroom. The traditional classroom un profesor care predă în fața studenților în timp with a professor lecturing in front of students ce aceştia iau notiţe și apoi trec printr-un exa- who take notes and then an exam at the end men la sfârșitul semestrului, nu va mai exista. of the semester will no longer exist. People Oamenii nu vor mai fi pasivi. Se va trece de la will no longer be passive. They will move from un modelul pasiv la unul activ, de descoper- a passive model to an active one, based on ire și de creaţie. Sala de clasă se va transforma discovery and creative skills. The classroom într-o sală – proiect, o sală de clasă interactivă. will turn into a project-room, an interactive lab. Elevii din clasă vor construi lucruri, vor crea Students in the class will be building, creat- lucruri și vor explora lucruri în diverse dome- ing and exploring things in various educational nii educaționale. Scopul principal a ceea ce se fields. The main purpose of what happens in întâmplă în clasă va fi modelul bazat pe realizări. the class will be the achievement-based mod- Aceste realizări ar putea fi abilități în matematică, el. These achievements could be skills like de exemplu, pictură sau posibilitatea de a inter- calculus, painting or being able to read music preta muzica sau de a înțelege fizica cuantică. or being able to understand quantum phys- Studentul/elevul va decide cum să învețe și ics. The student will decide how to learn and să stăpânească aceste concepte în orice mo- master these concepts at any time that is most ment ales de el. Elevii vor putea să-și modifice convenient for them. Students will be able to procesul de învățare cu ajutorul instrumente- modify their learning process with tools they lor pe care le consideră ei înşişi necesare. Ei feel are necessary for them. They will be able vor avea acces la o educație despre lume, iar to get access to a world-class education and tehnologia avansată va facilita oportunitățile the sophisticated technology facilitates oppor- de învățare personalizată şi la distanță. tunities for remote and personalized learning. Rolul profesorului rămâne foarte impor- The role of a teacher remains very impor- tant. El sau ea va fi acum antrenor sau men- tant. He or she will now be a coach or a men- tor. Profesorii vor forma punctul central în jun- tor. Teachers will form a central point in the gla informației și sunt vitali pentru performanța jungle of information and they are vital to aca- academică. Modelul bazat pe realizărilor este demic performance. The achievement model construit în cadrul schimburilor de la profe- is built within the exchanges from: teachers to sori la mai mulți studenți, de la studenți la multiple students, from students to students studenți și poate chiar de la studenți la profesori. and maybe even from students to teachers. În ceea ce privește evaluarea în școala mileniu- As for the assessment in the future school, lui III, examenele clasice se vor schimba complet, classic exams will change completely, because deoarece este posibil să nu măsoare cu adevărat 4 European Pupils Magazine Editorial they might not really measure what students ceea ce ştiu elevii înainte de a intra pe piaţa mun- should be capable of when they enter their first cii. Aplicarea cunoștințelor lor este testată atunci job. The application of their knowledge is tested când lucrează la proiecte într-un anumit domeniu. when they work on projects in the field. Teachers Profesorii vor evalua învățarea elevilor prin inter- will assess student learning through portfolios mediul portofoliilor și al sarcinilor de performanță and creative performance tasks. The main ob- creativă. Obiectivul principal este de a utiliza jective is to use real-life approaches. This means abordări din viața reală. Acest lucru înseamnă that students have to learn how to apply their că studenții trebuie să învețe cum să-și aplice skills in shorter time to a variety of situations. abilitățile într-un timp scurt în situații diferite. Can we talk about future education without Aşadar, putem vorbim despre educaţie fără să mentioning technology? Technology is the key. menţionăm tehnologia - tehnologia este cheia. The world-class and online learning go Învățarea activă în centrul clasei-univers şi along perfectly. Technologies such as cloud învățarea online se potrivesc perfect. Tehnologii computing, virtual reality or 3D printing will precum cloud computing, realitatea virtuală sau be very common and indispensable in the tipărirea 3D vor fi foarte frecvente și indispensa- pursuit of knowledge. Nevertheless, no mat- bile în căutarea cunoștințelor. Cu toate acestea, ter how important computers and other tech- indiferent de cât de minunat este rolul compu- nologies become for the future school, we terelor și al altor tehnologii în viitoarea școală, must bear in mind that they represent only a trebuie să ținem cont de faptul că ele reprezintă means of enabling students to learn through doar un mijloc de a permite elevilor să învețe interaction with various aspects of life. prin interacțiune diferitele aspecte ale vieții. History of Science and Technology 5 BG- Editorial GR- Editorial Училището Hа Бъдещето Το Σχολειο Του Αυριo Технологията бързо променя света и Η τεχνολογία αλλάζει με γρήγορους много хора се опасяват, че
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