Chapter 6. Transport and Telecommunications

6.1 Ports of

Marine Administration of the port of Kaliningrad: 24, Portovaya St., Kaliningrad, 236003, tel. (0112) 47-22-17, fax 47-14-83, e-mail: [email protected]

Marine Administration of the port of Kaliningrad effects state control over the safety of navigation in the ports and along the channel, over execution of rules and requirements of international conventions, tariff policy, maintenance of berths and the channel operation, their modernization and development.

System of navigation security is guaranteed by radar pilotage, modern navigational equipment, experienced and qualified inspectors of state surveillance in the port and by the pilots. Equipment of Global Marine Distress Safety System at (GMDSS) is put into operation. Rescue Co-ordinated Centre for execution of search and rescue in the area of ’s responsibility and in the Southeast part of the is organised. Regular work on deepening of the sea channel, control over the depth using modern electronic equipment allows big vessels in the port of Kaliningrad.

Practically, this is a port complex consisting of Sea Commercial Port, State Fishing Port and River Port. Two of them are capable to receive ships with the capacity of up to 24 000 tons.

The ports are connected with the sea by 42 km shipping canal. In order to pass the canal, vessels must be submitted to the following restrictions: · maximum draft 8,2 m; · maximum length 170 m (dry-cargo vessels); · maximum length 140 m (tankers); · The total length of 29 berths is 5 km.

All ports offer very high speed loading/ unloading operations. The turnover of the Sea Fishing Port is 3 million tons a year, while the capacity of the Sea Commercial Port exceeds 5 million tons.

The charts Kaliningrad Sea-Channel and of the Port of Kaliningrad are presented below.

PIC A

…and

PIC B

A more detailed information on the three ports of Kaliningrad is provided below.

Ø JSC “Sea Commercial Port of Kaliningrad”

24, Portovaya St., Kaliningrad, 236003, tel. (0112) 44-43-06, fax 44-63-18, e-mail: [email protected]

It is the second significant Russian port on the Baltic. It is located in 2 basins on the Pregol River. Its area is 166 hectares, it has 22 berths of the total length 3017 m. Sea Commercial Port of Kaliningrad is a round-the-clock operation enterprise. Rated capacity of the port for handling general and bulk cargoes is 8.6 million tons a year.

PIC C

The port has a vast free territory for further development.

The port also offers a such services as cargo storage, freight forwarding, passenger reception and service and every kind of activity related to vessels’ stay at the port. The port has direct agreement with the Ministry of Railways of the RF for freight forwarding by rail.

Some further technical details of the port are as follows: · Port area – 116 hectares. · Length of quays – 3017 m. · Max size of calling vessels (length / draft): - dry cargo vessels – 170 m / 8,2 m. - tankers – 140 m / 8,2 m. · Lifting capacity of cranes – 6 to 32 t. · Capacity range of cargo handling machinery – 1 to 40 t. · Open storage area 215 000 sq. m. · Covered storage area – 60 000 sq. m, including: - 4 000 sq. m regulated temperature (0°C to 13°C) warehouse for fruit and vegetables. - container packing warehouse (3 650 TEU per year) with 9 000 sq. m area. · Terminal for liquid cargo (fertilizers) wit three tanks 3 000 cu. m each. · Terminal for dry bulk fertilizers with a warehouse of 13 000 cu. m capacity.

Speed of loading: 3 000 to 4000 t / 24 h.

Ø Kaliningrad Sea fishing Port

1, 5th Prichalnaya, Kaliningrad, 236029 tel. (0112) 44-28-32, fax (0112) 49-60-80, e-mail: [email protected]

This is a state-owned enterprise whose major task is to provide a comprehensive, timely and up-to-standard service for Russian and foreign ship and cargo owners.

Among the services rendered are: · Handling and storage of general, bulk and liquid cargo, oil and petroleum products. · Reception and servicing of passenger liners. · On/off loading of all types of rail wagons and road vehicles. · Storage of fish and meat products at -25°C with further processing. · Quick big bag (0,5t and 1t) packing and slinging. · Production and sales: ice, fresh caught carp, honey and beer. · Chemical / technological control and quality certification (internationally recognised form) for all food stuff, oil, petroleum products and drinking water. · Supply of provision, water, fuel, oils, life rescue and fire-fighting equipment coolants and navigation maps to vessels in the port. · Disposal of oily, bilge, fecal waters and refuse. · Repair and adjustment of individual protection and fire-fighting equipment (licensing included), navigation equipment maintenance, electrical services and navigation map corrections. · Vessel inspection by divers.

The port can handle the following types of cargo: packaged, dry and liquid fertilizers, food stuff, frozen fish, metals, oil and petroleum products.

· Length of quays – 3 000 m. · Covered storage area – 60 000 sq. m. · Refrigerating capacity – 20 000 t. · Dry bulk fertilizers handling capacity – 700 000 t/year. · Liquid fertilizers handling capacity – 2 000 000 t/year. · Liquid fertilizers storage capacity – 32 000 t.

Ø JSC River Port of Kaliningrad Sea fishing Port

3, Remeslennaya St, Kaliningrad, 236010, Russia tel./fax (0112) 22-70-08

River Port of Kaliningrad specialises in handling and storage of coal, coke and mineral construction materials. · Using its own fleet, the port is engaged in cargo and passenger transport on inland waterways of Russia and between the ports of Kaliningrad, Elblag, and Krynitsa Morska. · The port cargo handling capacity is over 2 000 000 t/per annum. · The port has a coal and coke grading equipment. Highly productive cranes ensure a cargo speed up to 4 500 t/24 h.

Technical details of cargo berths are as follows: · The cargo berth of . Length – 201 m, width – 14 m. Design depth at berth – 4,8 m. Coal storage capacity – 35 000 t. The rail track access enables to have 16 wagons at a time for unloading. The berth is equipped with 6 gantry cranes, type “Albatros” and “Albrecht”, of 10 t lifting capacity each. · The cargo berth of Svetly. Length – 130 m, width – 20 m. Design depth at berth – 5,25 m. Coal storage capacity is 19 000 t. The rail track access enables to have 15 wagons at a time for unloading. The berth has 2 “Albatros” and 1 “Ganz” gantry cranes rated at 10 t and 16 t respectively.

Ø JSC Port Elevator

5, 4th Prichalnaya St., Kaliningrad, 236003, Russia tel. (0112) 44-42-15, fax (0112) 34-16-81

Port Elevator is situated in the ice-free port of Kaliningrad, what means it can handle grain and oil-bearing crops all the year round. The elevator offers handling, storage and winnowing of grain and oil-bearing crops, and can work both exports and imports.

· JSC Port Elevator includes three separate buildings with floor, bunker and silo storage facilities. The total storage capacity is 46 000 t. · The loading capacity is up to 3 000 t of grain per 24 h. · There are two separate loading stations which enable to load two vessels at a time with different crops. · The productivity of the elevator handling equipment is 175 t/h. · The Chronos weighting system can weigh the grain in the flow. · Four wagons can be handles simultaneously, with a total of 50 wagons per 24 h. · The winnowing equipment and fumigation silos provide a work-up and anti- insect treatment of the grain and oil-bearing crops. · The elevator laboratory is equipped with all instruments necessary for grain quality measurements.

Ø JSC Terminal GMB

24, Portovaya St, Kaliningrad, 236003, Russia tel. (0112) 44-19-73, fax (0112) 44-27-00 E-mail: [email protected]

JSC Terminal GMB is registered in the Registration Chamber of the Russian Ministry of Economy. Founders are big companies, namely: JSC Gaz-Oil (the regional branch of RAO Gazprom), JSC Sea Commercial Port of Kaliningrad and VIA-Service (Switzerland). The company specializes in fertilizers handling.

· The equipment for Terminal GMB was made and installed by a West-European company having worldwide installation references. · Terminal GMB can handle all types of fertilizers that meet GOST (Russian standards) requirements. · Services range is a follows: fertilizer handling and storage, wagon (block train) rentals, package and slinging. · Production capacity: 700 000 t of fertilizers per year. · The facility and its operations are insured by the Russian Insurance Company, and reinsurance is made by professional insurers from Western Europe.

Performance data · Types of fertilizers: all kinds of dry bulk fertilizers (carbamide, A/N, MAP, DAP, NP, NPK, MOP, ammonium sulphate). · Types of wagons used: self-dumping mineral and grain carriers and hopper cars. If required, containerised fertilisers can also be handled. · Hourly productivity: 300 t. · Handling speed: 3 000 to 4 000 per 24 h. · Main storage facility: 13 000 t (two isolated bays for 10 000 t and 3 000 t). · Floating storage facilities: 2 units with 5 600 t total capacity. · Weighing: weighing equipment is available in-house. · Quay length: 200 m. · Vessel draft: 8,2 m at berth in the port and 9,4 m at additional loading berth in Baltiysk. · Cargo loading of vessels: up to 19 000 t at port and up to 25 000 t at additional loading berth. · Unloading rate: 6 wagons per hour. Rail access length is enough to accommodate up to 100 wagons.

Ø JSC Baltiyskaya Oil Handling Company (BOHC)

18, Sadovaya St., Baltiysk, 238520, Kaliningrad region, Russia Tel./Fax: (01145) 20912; 20267 E-mail: [email protected]

BOHC meets all modern requirements with regard to oil and petroleum product reception, storage and distribution and directly related to environmental safety and international rules fro handling of sea-going vessels.

· Tankers are on/offloaded in an ice-free port of Baltiysk, where water level fluctuations never exceed 0,3 m. · The terminal has customs and border guard posts and is open for international trade. · A high productivity piping system connects the tank farm and jetties to a railway platform, equipped with a complete load /unload system capable of handling 34 railway tanks at a time. The platform and 2,5 km of rail tracks connecting the terminal with the main railway network, belong to BOHC. · The tank farm is comprised of thoroughly calibrated and certified tanks with a total capacity of 32 000 cu.m. The work is underway to increase the storage capacity up to 50 000 cu. m.

The complex location is a town of Baltiysk on the southern coast of the Baltic sea, at the entrance to the Kaliningrad sea channel. An ice-free port is suitable for an all- year-round navigation and a good railway network provides and easy access to any region of Russia.

Performance data: · Annual handling capacity: 1 000 000 t. · Equipment performance: - light petroleum products: 600 cu.m / h (diesel fuel or benzene) - dark petroleum products: 800 cu.m / h. · Simultaneous unloading capacity: 34 standard railway tanks. · Storage capacity: 32 000 cu.m. · Quay length: 200 m. Depth at berth – 8,5 m. Dredging is going on to increase depth up to 10 m. · Calling tankers: drafts up to 7,5 and max 10 000 cu. m capacity.

6.2 Highways

The length of common-use motor roads in the Kaliningrad Region is about 4.6 thou. km. All those roads have hard pavement. The density of the road network is nearly 10 times higher than the average for Russia and amounts 300 km per every 1000 sq. km of its territory. There is a considerable (50%) reserve of the roads throughput capacity.

Existing road network is replete with artificial constructions: bridges, overpasses, pipe culverts. In average there is one bridge or overpass per six km of road and one pipe per km of road. In Russia these indices are less by half.

There are two branching of trans-European transport routes “-Kaliningrad-Gdansk” (No. 1A) and “Kiev---Kaliningrad” (No. 9D).

6.3 Railways

The length of the railroads in the region was 645 km including 95 km of electrified railway. The share of the electrified sections on the rail roads is 3 times less then in Russia. The largest volume of cargoes 74% of the total transportation was conveyed by the railway transport. This was one third compared to Russia. But the goods were conveyed by different kinds of transport.

The main role in the transport communications between Kaliningrad and other regions of Russia is played by the intra-regional railways whose total length is 756 km. The stations in Kaliningrad, , Cherniakhovsk, and Zheleznodorozhniy are adequate for handling the freight flow with the use of both Russian and West-European tracks. Regular railway traffic has been established to connect Kaliningrad to and - via - to .

Regular railway connections are available to Russia, , , , , and Poland.

Railway personnel — 6,848. Cargo turnover (in 1997) — 1.15 billion ton-kilometres.

Kaliningrad railway provides railage services to roughly five thousand cargo users. The most intensive car turnover is on the approach lines and spur tracks leading to the Kaliningrad Sea Trading Port, the Kaliningrad Sea Fishing Port, the petroleum storage and distribution centres of the Sea Fishing Port, the OJSC “-Kaliningrad- Morneft”, the Kaliningrad River Port, and the CJSC “Baltic Petroleum Transhipment Company”. The Railway operates container terminals in Kaliningrad and , and on the approach lines and spur tracks leading to the Kaliningrad Sea Trading Port. Transhipment of cargoes is carried out via the stations Chernyakhovsk and Dzerzhinskaya Novaya according to the car—warehouse—car and the car—car reloading schemes, on the 1,520 mm and 1,435 mm gauge lines and on the approach inesl and spur tracks of the Trading and Fishing Ports transhipment is carried out according to the car—warehouse—vessel and car—vessel schemes. The main task of the Railway personnel is to provide the whole gamut or services pertaining to freight trafic activities. Container trains with travel time less then 45 hours pertrip have been made up and dispatched to at the Kalininskaya Railway Marshalling Yard since 1997. Passsenger trains have been moving from Poland to Kaliningrad by the 1,435 mm gaugelines sicne 1993. The Yantar top-class train, running between Kaliningrad and Moscow, is noted for its excellent-quality services1.

6.4 Kaliningrad airport

Khrabrovo International Airport is located 24 km north of Kaliningrad. It is connected with the city by roads. It has two passenger terminals: one for local and the other for international flights. The through capacity of the airport is 400 passengers per hour. Regular lines connect Kaliningrad with 14 cities of Russia and CIS countries and with the cities of the foreign states: Warsaw and Berlin. There are also charter flights to any part of the world.

The runway of 2500 x 60 m makes it possible to accept airplanes with take-off mass to 100 tons. Radio equipment of the airport guarantees landing of the airplane minimum by 1 IKAO category.

The airport enjoys the status of the international airport. The international terminal is three km away from the domestic terminal. Kaliningrad has regular flights to 29 main cities of CIS countries (Kaliningrad Air Enterprise office is located on Kalinin Sq.1, tel. 44-66-66).

Some technical details of the are provided below.

General Info

1 Note: Map is available at the following web-site: http://www.omnimap.com/catalog/int/rail/raillatv.htm

54.890050 Latitude 54° 53' 24.18" N 20.592633 Longitude 020° 35' 33.48" E 43 feet Elevation 13 meters Type Civil

Runways ID Dimensions Surface PCN ILS (Click for details.) 8202 x 197 feet 06/24 CONCRETE 034RCXT NO 2500 x 60 meters

Remarks FUEL (NC-TS-1) Opr 0600-1900Z++ for foreign acft; H24 for acft OPR HOURS based at fld.

6.5 Telecommunication and communication

The important role belonged to the enterprises of communication in the regional sphere of services. They provided services of international, long-distance, local and rural telephone communication, telegraph services, document electric communication, wire communication, radio telegraph, mail, and television services. There were 49 communication enterprises with more than 5.1 thousand employees in the region.

The area of the automatic far-distance communication constantly expanded. City telephone communication developed dynamically. The substantial growth in the amount of telephone numbers for individual use was guaranteed within the frame of the Presidential Program "Russian Popular Telephone". Beginning from 1996 more than 12 thousand numbers were put into operation. The demand of the document communication services increased: in 1998 compared to 1997 revenues from data transmission over the Internet increased three times and the number of the subscribers increased to 517 in 5.7 times. In 2000 the total volume of communication services was estimated (without VAT) as 843.7 million roubles including 391.7 million roubles of the services to the population. Compared to 1999 the total amount prices increased for 14.1% but the volume of services to the population decreased for 11.4%. In the situation of the general financial crisis the large and medium communication enterprises received 48 million roubles of profit in 1998, and constituted one fifth of the profit in the whole region. Communication was one of few branches of the regional economy without loss- making enterprises.

The main telephone operators of the Kaliningrad Region are ElektroSvyaz (State- owned, www.baltnet.ru) and VestBalt Telecom (private, www.wbt.ru). Among cell- phone operators the largest companies are the local Extel GSM (www.extel-gsm.com) and the Representation of the Saint-Petersburg-based North-West GSM.