Winter/Spring 2015 BioOhio The Quarterly Newsletter of the Biological Survey

In This Issue A Note From the Executive Director

Abstracts from the I am writing this column on an iPad we really do is describe life. In order to 2015 ONHC ...... 2 among the clouds at 30,000 feet while preserve life we must understand life, and it traveling to visit family. I am not saying this is this mission that has driven OBS for over in order to brag, but to point out how times a century. We just completed our latest round have changed. Te technologies behind the of grant reviews, and it is encouraging to see MBI Announces 2015 ways in which we communicate and locomote the great projects that are carrying on the Training Courses...... 5 have drastically altered the world in which we tradition of natural history in the state and live, but there can be a stigma associated with the region. Tis year, we awarded $4,500 to refusing to embrace that which is new. If you nine worthy projects covering a variety of taxa CMNH Conservation don’t have an iPhone or an Instagram account and investigating a wide range of ecological, Symposium ...... 7 or a Twitter handle, you are “old school”—a evolutionary, behavioral, and conservation Luddite; quaint, unimportant, and largely questions. I would encourage you and your irrelevant. Unfortunately, this is often how the students to consider submitting an application Exploring Life in science of natural history is viewed. Expensive for an OBS grant next year. You can fnd Vernal Pools ...... 11 equipment is not required, there may not more information on the Projects Page of our be immediate and direct applications for website. humanity as a whole, and recent discoveries in Humanity needs biodiversity, and we A Honey Bee Hive the feld usually don’t fnd their way into the cannot isolate ourselves from it. Tere is a big Tells All...... 11 national news. Even while we are reminded of world out there waiting to be explored, and the value of biodiversity, those institutions that world starts in our own backyards. It is tasked with cataloging and describing this important that we share this realization. Just threatened with extinction, EAB Confrmed as Threat biodiversity are as vinyl records have seen a resurgence in sales to White Fringetree ...... 12 and the next generation of scientists that due to the unique qualities of the sound they might take on this task are increasingly produce, I am optimistic that we will once undertrained. Some, perhaps much, of this again recognize the value of natural history Ohio University can be attributed to a shift in funding from and the unique role that it plays in discovering Researchers Discover traditional natural history (of the feld and lab and understanding the value of biodiversity. New Tanzanian variety) to newer molecular and biomedical Until then, OBS will continue to champion Dinosaur ...... 8 research that would appear to have much more the cause. direct human applications. I am certainly not (By the way, I fnished this column on a suggesting that these areas are not important, desktop PC with a standard keyboard and Organizational but I am suggesting that much of the direction a wired mouse. I also plan to read a printed Contact Info ...... 12 in these felds is driven by basic knowledge of book later this evening. Go fgure.) the life around us. To pretend that we know all that we need to know from nature and can therefore move away from basic observing, collecting, describing, and classifying would be folly. By today’s high-tech standards, I suppose you could say that the Ohio Biological Survey is “old school.” Sure, we have branched out into social media, we have an online journal, Greg Smith and we will soon have e-books; but what Executive Director

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 1 Abstracts from the 2015 Ohio Natural History Conference

Amphibian and Reptile County contamination, and the introduction of we documented signifcant declines for the Records from Perry County, Ohio, USA disease. Surveying 11 populations across the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) and the species declining range in Ohio and Michigan, northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentionalis) Marc Behrendt we found that populations difer in terms of while red bats (Lasiurus borealis) show a Ohio University skin-associated microbial communities, and signifcant increase since the documentation AMP production, but did not signifcantly of WNS. We will also report on natural Several amphibian and reptile species common difer in terms of AMP bioactivity against history observations and discuss important to Perry County are unreported in recent amphibian chytrid (Bd). Te skin-associated habitat features for the conservation of Ohio feld guides. Perry County is located in microbial communities were predicted by the bat populations. Continued monitoring of southeastern Ohio. Te northern half of the latitude of the pond site and the amount of summer bats in will help to better understand county is fat and primarily agricultural, located surrounding suburban and forested habitat. local and regional factors contributing to long- within the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau, and AMP production difered by site and was term trends in bat populations. is privately owned, bordered to the northwest marginally predicted by pond water alkalinity. by Buckeye Lake and to the west by Rush AMP bioactivity against Bd in culture was Legs, Leaves, and Logs: A 21st Creek Lake. Te southern half of the county, surprisingly predicted by AMP production. Century Ohio Millipede Adventure within the Unglaciated Allegheny Plateau, is Te more AMPs produced, the faster Bd hilly and increasingly rugged with cleared and grew in culture, indicating that AMPs in this Derek Hennen forested terrain. Te purpose of this study was species are not bioactive against this pathogen, University of Arkansas to begin an efort to create an accurate record and may serve as a nutrient source to Bd. of the species of reptiles and amphibians that Tis study demonstrates that environmental Millipedes (class Diplopoda) constitute inhabit Perry County, Ohio. Te study began characteristics can infuence these amphibian a diverse assemblage of 12,000 species in July 2014. Tis presentation reports three immune defense traits and calls for research worldwide. Despite their ubiquity in various new county records observed during the into the relative efects of other, potentially less habitats and their role in nutrient cycling, frst four months of the study, plus 13 new benign, anthropogenic environmental changes however, they are often ignored by biologists. township records and 5 species that have not on immune defense trait expression. Accessible reference materials for the been reported since or before 1961. group are scarce, contributing to the lack of Long-Term Monitoring of Summer Bat popular knowledge of millipede ecology and What Can Assessment of Immune Populations in Summit County, Ohio identifcation. Te last major work on Ohio’s Defense Traits Across Ohio and (2004-2014) millipedes was published in 1928, and since Michigan Tell Us about Cricket Frog then millipede taxonomy has undergone Health? Marlo Perdicas1 and Ryan Trimbath1,2 major changes. In an efort to modernize our 1Summit Metroparks; 2University of Akron knowledge of the state’s millipedes, collecting Katherine Krynak1, Michael F. Bernard1, expeditions were made from June to July 2014, and David J. Burke2 Biologists at Summit Metro Parks have been funded by the Ohio Biological Survey. Te 1Case Western Reserve University; 2Holden monitoring local bat populations since 2004. objectives for this study were (1) to produce Arboretum Most long-term data on bat populations an updated listing of Ohio’s millipedes with focuses on surveys of hibernacula; here, we will current taxonomy, (2) update species range Amphibians are protected from pathogens present data from summer mist net surveys and habitat information, and (3) provide new by two key skin-associated immune defense throughout Summit County, Ohio. During identifcation resources and photos to allow traits: the microbial communities which this period the most obvious changes in bat accurate identifcation by both scientists and inhabit their skin and the anti-microbial populations are those associated with white- non-scientists alike. Focused collecting was peptides produced within the skin. Te extent nose syndrome (WNS). Pseudogymnoascus done at over 16 sites, mostly in southern Ohio, to which the environment may infuence destructans, the fungus responsible for WNS, and museum collections were examined for these traits is unknown. Specifc aspects of was frst detected in North America in the additional records. A total of 44 species were the environment including water quality winter of 2006-2007. Te frst documentation found to inhabit the state, fve of which are and land-use characteristics may alter these of death due to WNS in Summit County, Ohio endemic. New county records and multiple traits, potentially making amphibians more was in the winter of 2011-2012. Comparing range expansions were documented, especially susceptible to disease. Te Blanchard’s the number of bats caught/net night we found in southern Ohio. Notably, this study resulted Cricket Frog (Acris blanchardi) is a species a reduction in total bats caught between 2004- in the frst collection of Conotyla ocypetes in suspected to be in decline due to a variety 2011 (x2=5.08; SD=6.17) and 2012-2014 98 years. It is hoped that these results will be of anthropogenic environmental changes (x2=3.92; SD=3.75) but this diference was not used as a launching pad for future millipede including habitat degradation, chemical signifcant (S=21503; p=0.1478). As expected, research in Ohio and the surrounding region.

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 2 Migrant Landbird Use of Urn Moss (Physcomitrium pyriforme) and voluntary eforts through a coalition Natural and Restored Riparian and Other Bryophytes at a Wet of multiple government and conservation Forest Habitats in Agricultural Prairie Restoration organizations. and its Landscapes During Stopover tributaries have been the target of 1) Bob Klips a unique stormwater permit based on 1 Erin B. Cashion and Paul G. Te Ohio State University at Marion ground water recharge goals; 2) millions Rodewald2 of dollars’ worth of stream restoration 1Ohio History Connection; 2Cornell Lab of Ecological restoration activities at Batelle projects; 3) focused land conservation; Ornithology Darby Creek Metro Park in Franklin 4) endangered species protection and County, Ohio, have converted an extensive augmentation; and 5) a 2014 Ohio EPA Stopover habitat may be a limiting tract of agricultural land into wet prairie. comprehensive TMDL assessment of over resource for forest birds in agriculturally Tis has produced an open area ideal for 100 biomonitoring sites and measurement dominated regions of the Midwestern U.S. the establishment of small, short-lived of the watershed’s aquatic biological In these landscapes, remnant natural and arable mosses and other bryophytes. Urn community. Te watershed has recorded restored habitats may provide important moss, Physcomitrium pyriforme, is especially 100 species of fsh, including 15 state or refueling opportunities and cover for abundant here. Like other members of the federal listed species; and 44 species of migrants, yet few studies have examined family Funariaceae, this species produces male mussels, including 22 species that are state migrant abundance in these habitats. and female branches on the same individual or federal listed and fve federal endangered We studied migratory land bird use and plants, potentially enabling self-fertilization and threatened species. Tis presentation vegetative structure across a gradient of to occur. An assay of simple sequence repeat summarizes the eforts to protect and riparian forest conditions that included (microsatellite) DNA variation revealed restore this outstanding biodiversity, ofers mature forest, early successional shrub- 98.1% of sampled urn moss sporophytes an initial review of success, and provides sapling habitat (SS) and young forest to be homozygous at all of 6 variable loci, remarks on continuing challenges. restorations containing trees 2-15m in indicative of a very predominantly selfng height developed through Farm Bill mating pattern. Botanical reconnaissance Natural History Observations on habitat conservation programs (CRP and meander surveys performed prior to and the Timber Rattlesnakes (Crotalus CREP). We conducted transect surveys during the urn moss breeding study reveal horridus) of Tar Hollow, Ohio and mist-netting from late August through that a remarkable abundance and diversity late October in 2009 and 2010 at 19 sites of bryophytes can be found during the early Margarita Apanius1, Denis Case1, Doug northwest Ohio. An information theoretic successional stage of a prairie restoration. Two Wynn2, and Greg Lipps2 approach was used to identify structural moss species found here were new for Ohio: 1Unafliated; 2Te Ohio State University and foristic habitat characteristics Physcomitrium collenchymatum (Funariaceae), associated with bird abundances. Overall, and Gemmabryum klinggraefi (Bryaceae). A study of Timber Rattlesnakes (Crotalus capture and transect detection rates for horridus) in the Neotropical and temperate migrants were Big Darby Creek: A Decade area of south central Ohio has been lowest in restored habitats and highest in of Successful Protection and conducted since 2006. Twenty-four snakes SS habitats. Detection rates of temperate Restoration of Biodiversity have been encountered during the study, migrants were positively correlated with and nine were ftted with radiotransmitters stem counts between 0.5 and 3m, whereas Anthony Sasson for study by telemetry. Four of these Neotropical migrant detection rates were Te Nature Conservancy in Ohio snakes have been radiotracked for multiple independent of vegetation measures. seasons, typically every 3-4 days. Eight Relationships with percent forest cover Big Darby Creek is a National and State dens have been located, and at least two within 500 m depended on the ecological Scenic River because of its outstanding of them are used by more than one snake. requirements of the species, with biological diversity, especially challenged Den characteristics vary widely in terms Neotropical migrants and forest breeding because of development and agricultural of compass orientation and relative slope species having a positive relationship, stresses, and located on the western edge elevation. Some dens have a surprisingly while early-successional breeding species of the expanding metropolitan area of large underground extent that is not were negatively associated. Our research Columbus, Ohio. Over the past decade, evident from the surface. Den emergence suggests that riparian forest CRP it has been the subject of relatively behavior is described as a period of time restorations should be managed to increase advanced and focused local planning (usually weeks) spent near the den, “hiding” structural heterogeneity by incorporating and state environmental policies and in transition habitat, characterized by thick more shrub layer vegetation. Further, implementation. Tis is at least the third greenbrier, coarse woody debris, or leaf efective strategies to provide stopover round of intensive, sometimes controversial, litter. Annual movements have been plotted, habitat for stopover migrant landbirds eforts to protect this outstanding stream. and home ranges have been calculated by must incorporate multiple spatial scales to Both stream protection and restoration the Minimum Convex Polygon method. be efective. have seen extensive and renewed regulatory Snakes demonstrate individual variation

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 3 in behavior and use “favorite” places, which Ant and Associated Mite Diversity in pollination services provided by the bee are visited multiple times. Information Conservation Grasslands: A Spatial community. Te problem is furthered by will be presented on staging near the den Scaling Approach invasive plants that may displace or suppress in the fall. Management implications for native foral resources utilized by bees. protecting transition habitat near the dens Kaitlin U. Campbell and Tomas O. Crist Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) is an and the efcacy of relocating “nuisance” Miami University invasive woody plant that has become the snakes a short distance are discussed. dominant understory shrub along edges of Ants are widespread arthropods and act as forest remnants throughout southwest Ohio. Potential Shifts in Emergence ecosystem engineers, modifying the soil as To quantify bee community responses to Patterns of Native Lady Beetles they build their nests and deposit food and foral resources ofered by invasive plants, Imposed by Climate Change and waste. Te nests of ants harbor many resources we removed 100 meters of L. maackii fower Introduced Species and are often exploited by other arthropods, buds using a paired-plot design along fve especially mites. Mites are frequently found in north-facing temperate forest remnant edges Anita Lynn Schaefer, Kaitlin U. ant nests and also riding on ants for dispersal adjacent to soy or corn monocultures in Campbell, and Tomas O. Crist to resources. Determining the factors afecting southern Ohio and Indiana during the spring Miami University the diversity and composition of infuential of 2013 and 2014. We placed fuorescent pan regulating species such as ants can provide traps and obligatory outcrossing cucumber Climate change and invasive species may us with key information on not only the ants, (Cucumis sativus) sentinel plants at distance interact to cause changes in the emergence, but other ant-dependent organisms in a given classes up to 200 meters from the forest edge distribution, and abundance of predatory system. We studied the biodiversity of ants to sample the bee community and measure insects. Lady beetles (Coccinellidae) are and their associated mites in 23 conservation pollination services, respectively. In 2013, we biological control agents of aphids and scale grasslands that difered in area, time since sampled 1,068 bees representing 85 species insects on crops and provide important planting, plant community, soil type, from 20 genera during the fowering period ecosystem services to agriculture. A decrease management, and surrounding landscape. of L. maackii. No diferences in community in the species diversity of native coccinellids Te goals of this study were to determine composition were detected between could reduce their efectiveness as ecosystem the efects of habitat variables on ant and treatments, but we measured a decrease in service providers in agricultural landscapes. mite communities, and identify the role of the number of seeds per fruit with proximity Over the past 30 years, native coccinellid ant hosts on phoretic mite communities. to L. maackii fowers. In 2014, 471 bees from species have declined, potentially due to A total of 32 ant species with 55 associated 17 genera indicated a 36% increase in bee exotic coccinellid invasions and climate mite species were found across the grassland abundance in plots without honeysuckle change. Te multicolored Asian lady sites. Te best models for ant richness and fowers. Te unanticipated increase in bees beetle emerges earlier than most of the mite richness were site age and ant richness, with the removal of foral resources may have native species, and these priority efects respectively. At an individual species level, strong implications in Ohio’s fragmented could afect the native beetle populations. several ant species were signifcantly afected landscape and needs further investigation. Historical studies of other insects have by soil texture and surrounding landscape. shown a strong link between earlier spring Mite host associations ranged from specifc emergence and warming climate; however, to generalist, and mites showed preference Poster Presentations coccinellids overwinter at the soil layer and for the larger cosmopolitan ant species. Mite may be infuenced by decreasing periods of species composition on the primary ant hosts snow cover, thereby emerging later due to varied among sites, but host species explained Lepidopteran Citizen Science and less insulation from the cold. Using museum a signifcant portion of the variation (28%, Butterfy Surveys at the James H. records and Geographic Information p<0.001), providing evidence for their role as Barrow Field Station Systems, I tested the efects of introduced regulators of mite diversity in conservation coccinellid species and climate change grasslands. Patricia Bohls and Jennifer M. Clark on native coccinellid emergence times Hiram College across the century and Midwest region. Floral Resources of an Invasive Shrub Preliminary results show signifcant shifts Suppress Native Bee Abundance With the growing number of endangered toward later emergence dates for multiple and Diversity in Adjacent Intensive and threatened species, there is a greater native species, but no strong efects due Agriculture need to raise awareness of conservation to introduced coccinellid abundance. Te issues to the general public and to create results of my research have implications for Michael Cunningham-Minnick, Valerie E. global databases of species diversity and understanding how two global drivers of Peters, and Tomas O. Crist abundance. One way to reach out to the biodiversity infuence the distribution and Miami University public is through citizen science programs. abundance of native lady beetles important Tis project incorporated citizen science to agricultural ecosystem services. Habitat loss and changes in land use in two ways: 1) hosting a National Moth are causing declines in bee diversity and Week community event and 2) creation of

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 4 a butterfy transect at the James H. Barrow selected for in isolated populations. Te Competitive Interactions Between Field Station for the community to help goal of this project was frst to census Native Benthic Fish, Native Crayfsh, us collect valuable population information. island populations throughout the Great and Invasive Rusty Crayfsh for In addition to this project, we studied the Lakes to determine morph frequency on Shelter short-term efects of a prescribed burn the islands and whether more populations on butterfy abundance and diversity in a were monomorphic unstriped than would Kailey N. Cooper and Jennifer M. Clark restored northeastern Ohio prairie. Surveys be expected by chance. I censused morph Hiram College were conducted in July 2013 (prior to the frequency on 30 islands and 14 paired burn) and July 2014 (following the burn) mainland sites via literature records, Invasive crayfsh are a major concern in using a combination of plot and transect museum specimens, and feld censuses. In aquatic ecosystems and can have devastating surveys. Overall, both total abundance the census, I found that nine islands are impacts on both plant and animal and species richness declined signifcantly polymorphic, two islands are monomorphic communities. Te rusty crayfsh (Orconectes following the prescribed burn. Responses, unstriped, and ffteen are monomorphic rusticus), is a common invasive in the Great however, were species-specifc with three striped. It is unclear whether drift or Lakes region and has had detrimental major outcomes: 1) some species detected selection are acting on island populations, impacts in both lake and stream ecosystems in the summer prior to the burn but not although it appears that universal through destruction of macrophyte beds, following; 2) some species detected during selection is not driving populations toward outcompeting native crayfsh for shelters the summer following the burn but not monomorphic unstriped. (which often increases susceptibility to fsh prior to; and 3) some species found during both years. Although not all butterfies were negatively afected, fre did adversely MBI Announces 2015 Training Courses impact the community as a whole. As insect pollinators continue to decline, prairie Midwest Biodiversity Institute offers a wide range of high-quality courses for anyone interested managers should consider using alternative in increasing their knowledge and skills in aquatic resource ecology. MBI’s educational offerings methods such as haying and grazing when cover many aspects of wetland and aquatic resource monitoring and bioassessment, including possible. However, when fre is used, nearby courses that provide certifcation as Level 2 and Level 3 Qualifed Data Collectors under the Ohio refugia and host plants should be set aside Credible Data Law. We also offer personalized training tailored to the needs of your agency or and conserved for sensitive species. organization. Morph Frequency of Island Populations of Eastern Red-Backed MBI is offering the following courses for the 2015 season: Salamanders Throughout the Great Lakes • Wetland Delineation: April 27–April 30 (Cost: $975.00 early/$1,025.00 standard) • Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI): May 5–6 and June 1–2 (Cost: $475.00 early/$525.00 standard) Cameron Eddy, Carl Anthony, and Cari- • Primary Headwater Habitat (PHWH): May 7–8 (Cost: $475.00 early/$525.00 standard) Ann Hickerson *If taking both the May 5-6 QHEI and the May 7-8 PHWH, receive a discount.* John Carroll University • Amphibian IBI/ID: May 20–21 (Cost $475.00 early/$525.00 standard) • Ohio Rapid Assessment Method (ORAM) for Wetlands: Isolated populations are of interest to May 27–28 (Cost: $475.00 early/$525.00 standard) biologists because they provide simplifed • Ohio Credible Data Program Training - fsh or macroinvertebrate specialties: systems in which to test biological theory. June 1–5 (prices vary – check website for details) Recent studies have focused on mechanisms • Vegetation Index of Biotic Integrity (VIBI): June 16–18 (Cost: $725.00 early/$775.00 of speciation in polymorphic populations. standard) Tese mechanisms may be better explored • Identifcation of Common Wetland Plants: June 23–25 (Cost: $725.00 early/$775.00 in simplifed island populations of varying standard) morph frequency. Tis study focuses on • Wetland Restoration: July 14–15 (Cost: $525.00 early/$575.00 standard) isolated island populations of the Eastern Red-backed Salamander (Plethodon For more information about MBI and its training program, or to register for courses: cinereus), where morph frequencies are Visit our main website at www.midwestbiodiversityinst.org and click on the training tab, or, go largely unknown. Additionally, it is straight to our education website: www.mbieducation.com unknown whether selection or drift may be acting on these populations to drive them We would love to hear from you! toward one morph or the other. Reports E-mail us: [email protected] of monomorphic unstriped populations Give us a call: 614-457-6000 on other islands and peninsulas lead us to predict that unstriped individuals may be

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 5 predation), and hybridizing with native within a one-mile radius from a central more susceptible to predation. Te sites used crayfsh producing competitively superior location in Portsmouth, Ohio, during the for this study are in a disturbed landscape individuals. Although many species are fall of 2014. Spider presence was assessed in where overabundant deer populations limit outcompeted by the rusty crayfsh some abandoned, managed (lawn), and naturally the availability of native understory plants. species seem to be able to coexist. In succeeded urban lots. Six pitfall traps were Under these conditions, the ability of exotic this study, we used an artifcial stream to established within each of the nine sites plants to tolerate deer browse may provide investigate the competitive superiority (three sites per treatment). Pitfalls were important habitat for hooded warblers and between the invasive rusty crayfsh, native collected weekly during the late summer other forest wildlife. crayfsh (O. obscurus), and central mottled through the late fall. Collected spiders were sculpin (Cottus bairdi) fshes for shelter. identifed to the family level. More than Shifting Plant Communities: The Te following combinations were tested: 5,000 insects and non-spider arachnids, Infuence of Forest Composition 10 O. obscurus + 10 C. bairdi, 10 O. rusticus which may serve as prey to spiders, were on Habitat Use and Colonization of + 10 C. bairdi, and 10 O. obscurus + 10 O. collected and identifed to the family level. Amphibians in Upland Constructed rusticus. Only 10 PVC shelters were used Statistical analyses compared the spider Wetlands to limit shelter availability. During each richness and potential prey richness and 24-hour trial, shelters were monitored abundance between site type. Michael Graziano for species occupancy at dawn, afternoon, Te Ohio State University and dusk. Our results show that invasive The Role of Exotic Shrubs in rusty crayfsh occupied signifcantly more Determining Nesting Success of Habitat loss, degradation, and disease shelters than the native crayfsh (P < Hooded Warblers are recognized as the greatest threats 0.0001). However, combinations of both to amphibians. However, few studies invasive and native crayfsh with the central Daniel Garrett1 and Ryan Trimbath1,2 investigate the intricate efects that the plant mottled sculpin showed that neither 1University of Akron; 2Summit Metroparks community has on amphibian populations. crayfsh displayed competitive superiority Plants greatly impact the ecosystem in over this benthic fsh (P > 0.05). Overall, Past research suggests that nests in exotic which they occur, afecting both physical our results suggest that the rusty crayfsh shrubs are more susceptible to predation and chemical attributes of the landscape. may be able to outcompete native O. and represent an ecological trap. In this Te loss of fre in eastern hardwood forests obscurus for shelter, but may not decrease study, we explore the relationship between is changing the composition and structure shelter use for native benthic fshes. exotic plants, nest predation, and nest-site of forest communities, resulting in a loss of selection in order to test the hypothesis that oak-hickory regeneration and an increase A Comparison of Spider Diversity nests in exotic plants are more susceptible in red maple in the understory. As plant Among Abandoned, Managed, to depredation then nests in native plants. communities shift within the landscape and Naturally Succeeded Urban We used the hooded warbler (Setophaga due to invasion by non-native species and Lots in Portsmouth, Ohio citrina), a forest-understory obligate, as a climate change, there is a critical need to model species for this study. In 2013 and further investigate potential impacts on the Molly Dargavell and Sarah Minter 2014, we monitored nests in forest parks amphibian community and the mechanisms Shawnee State University in Summit County, Ohio. In these parks, by which they occur. Research focused on hooded warblers predominantly selected the efects of litter in aquatic mesocosms Te recent urban garden movement has exotic plants for nesting sites (73% of 135 has revealed a wide range of species-specifc stimulated an interest in the richness, nests). Te preferred species for nesting efects on amphibians, with red maple often abundance, and life histories of spiders sites were Rosa multifora, Lonicera maackii, associated with decreased growth and survival. occupying urban areas. As generalist Lingustrum vulgare, and native saplings Litter quality and chemical composition of predators, spiders are also active outside (24%, 13%, 27%, and 26% respectively). oak litter is considerably diferent than red of urban gardens, where they likely play We analyzed the infuence of origin in maple and may be an important determinant a regulatory role in the populations of determining nest success at the nest and of amphibian occurrence in forests. Te loss of arthropods not specifc to crop production. patch scale and did not fnd any signifcant fre and shift from oak-hickory to red maple- In Portsmouth, Ohio, urban degeneration relationship between nesting success and dominated communities may represent a and development occur simultaneously exotic species. Similar to past studies, widespread, yet cryptic, threat to amphibian in close association. Given the generalist we found no support that typical habitat populations should those species exert a behavior of spiders and their ability to measurements had an infuence on nesting negative afect. Tis study seeks to test whether occupy a variety of habitats, it is reasonable success. However, we did fnd a positive results from mesocosm experiments are to assume that spider richness and relationship for nest success and the clutch applicable under feld conditions. Moreover, it abundance will difer between specifc initiation date such that nests initiated later may further support the reintegration of fre urban habitats. In our study, we assessed in the season were more likely to survive into ecosystems as a management tool and the diversity and abundance of spiders to fedge. Tese results do not support the provide insights towards enhancing wildlife occupying three distinct urban habitats hypothesis that nests in exotic plants are habitat in managed forests.

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 6 Wild Toledo Trail Camera Initiative: high reported activity, then return to those the hypothesis that tadpoles consume Wildlife Monitoring Within the Green cameras weeks later to retrieve a small SD insect prey. We ofered tadpoles one of three Corridor of Northwest Ohio card that holds the images. Biologists then food options: 1) insects only (two midge catalog the images and sort them by species larvae and three amphipods); 2) algae Justin Grubb and location to get a better picture of what pellet only; or 3) insects and algae pellet. Toledo Zoo animals are using the habitat and in which Tadpoles did not consume any insects, so specifc habitats these animals are found we rejected our frst hypothesis. Second, Wild Toledo, an emerging conservation in higher abundance, while keeping an eye we tested the hypothesis that tadpoles department at the Toledo Zoo, is currently out for bobcats and other cryptic predators change their diet under competition from undergoing an initiative to monitor the with a historic range through this region. other tadpoles. We ofered focal tadpoles wildlife in Northwest Ohio. So far, 33 Tousands of images have been collected two damselfy larvae and one algae pellet, camera traps have been established to so far, and the number of species observed and placed them in divided aquaria alone monitor animals that live in the Green is immense and diverse, including some or with a competitor tadpole. Tadpoles did Ribbon Corridor, which ranges from surprising observations. not consume insects in experiment two. Secor Metropark south to Oak Openings However, focal tadpoles consumed more Preserve Metropark. Te project will help Diet Preferences of Green Frog food when larger competitors were present. determine the absence or presence of many Tadpoles, With and Without Tis behavior may be an adaptive strategy animals, including bobcats, badgers, turkey, Competitive Stressors for small tadpoles to reach a similar size to black bear, coyote, deer, and mesopredators larger tadpoles. Additionally, smaller focal like raccoons, skunks, and opossum. Tis Laura Hill and Michael Benard tadpoles consumed more food than larger Wild Toledo trail camera initiative is Case Western Reserve University focal tadpoles. Tis may occur because using cameras generously donated by large tadpoles that have already reached Bass Pro Shops. Te Nature Conservancy Many tadpoles have long been considered the necessary size for metamorphosis will has also provided additional cameras herbivorous. Tis idea has recently been not require as much food as small tadpoles for deployment on their properties. Tis challenged through observations of that have not yet reached the minimum project was initiated as a response to the tadpoles killing and eating insects. To size requirement. Contrary to similar bobcat that was found dead one year ago of determine diet preferences of green frog studies, green frog tadpoles did not attack Secor Road. Wild Toledo biologists set the (Rana clamitans) tadpoles, we performed or consume any insects, though relative and cameras near game trails and in areas with two feeding experiments. First, we tested absolute tadpole size afected overall food consumption. CMNH 2015 Conservation Symposium Biodiversity Beyond Parks: Do Urban Vacant Lots Hold Promise for Conservation and Restoration? Science by the People: New Challenges, New Opportunities Nicole Hoekstra, Catherine Herms, John Friday, September 11, 2015 Cardina, and Mary M. Gardiner 9 am to 4 pm Te Ohio State University

Citizen science harnesses the power of the crowd to drive scientifc research. Ordinary Cleveland, Ohio, holds approximately people help with scientifc projects by doing tasks that range from documenting 20,000 vacant lots equal to roughly observations to interpreting data. This strength-in-numbers approach allows scientists to 3,600 acres (US Census, 2012). Te majority of lots are located in inner- undertake research on a scale that would otherwise be impractical or even impossible. The city neighborhoods, presenting a unique 2015 Conservation Symposium examines opportunities and challenges for conservation opportunity to improve the environmental work that come with asking for—and getting—help from enthusiastic masses. quality of these communities. Vacant land management in Cleveland has shifted Our two keynote speakers are Dr. Sam Droege and Mr. Rusty Russell. Dr. Droege is in recent years due to decreased budgets, a biologist at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center and has worked on a number of providing less mowing service to the different citizen science projects. Mr. Russell is a Collections Manager at the Smithsonian lots; thus, our goal was to examine how National Museum of Natural History and will be speaking on The Field Notebook Project. this change in vacant land management infuenced community composition within Keep checking https://www.cmnh.org/discover/nature/Conservation-Symposium the lots by examining communities in managed (mowed) versus unmanaged for more announcements. (unmowed) vacant lots. We hypothesized that the absence of mowing would result

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 7 in a greater standing stock of plant new populations in distant habitats. Baker Using Citizen Science to Map Ohio’s resources, supporting greater arthropod (1967) reviewed many cases of widespread, Diversity: An Update of the Ohio biomass than in mowed lots. Our results disjunct, or invasive species supporting BioBlitz Project on iNaturalist.org did not fully support our hypothesis, but this paradigm. I used growth chamber did show a trend in similarity of plant populations maintained at the Biology Owen M. Lockhart community composition in unmowed lots, Department, University of Louisville, Cleveland State University and Cleveland and signifcant diferences were found for the experiments and performed self, Metroparks in mite and spider abundance (higher in sister (intra-taxon), and inter-taxon mowed lots) when sampled via soil core (diploid x diploid, diploid x polyploid, Te Ohio BioBlitz is a web-based citizen collection. Tis work is part of a fve-year and polyploid x polyploid) mating crosses. science project with the goal of documenting study investigating how the vegetative Te foral morphology was quantitatively all of the diversity and natural history of landscape infuences the structure and characterized and statistically analyzed. Ohio’s rich biota. In November 2011, the function of arthropod food webs in an Te depositional pattern of pollen on the Ohio Biological Survey initiated the Ohio urban study system. Our objectives are to style as well as adherence and germination BioBlitz Project on iNaturalist.org. Since 1) Determine how spatial heterogeneity were measured. Germinating pollen grain then, 127 participants have submitted over infuences dietary niche breadth within tubes were measured from the point 17,000 observations representing at least species and niche overlap among species of style penetration to the point where 2,348 species. Te fve taxonomic classes with of arthropod predators; 2) examine how growth ended. Fruit-set percentages the most records, in order of highest to lowest, changes in spatial heterogeneity infuence determined the degree of successful are Insecta (807), Magnoliopsida (645), Aves the richness, composition, and per-capita pollination and identifed self-compatible (266), Liliopsida (184), and Agaricomycetes contributions of predators to resource and self- incompatible individuals within (98). Te number of records per county exhibits capture of shared prey; and 3) determine studied taxa. a strongly negative exponential distribution, whether spatial heterogeneity infuences with fve northeastern Ohio counties the provision of biocontrol services within Checklist of the Ants accounting for 67% of all observations and a landscape mosaic. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of 29 counties having ten or fewer observations. Ohio Geographic and taxonomic gaps within Reproductive Patterns in Taxa the BioBlitz can be addressed with fun and of Malacothrix (Asteraceae; Kal Ivanov efective outreach to increase participation. Lactuceae) Endemic to the Virginia Museum of Natural History More information about the Ohio BioBlitz Southern California Channel project and how to join this active community Islands: A Test of Baker’s 1955 Law I revisit the list of Ohio ants for the frst of naturalists sharing their observations of time since the publication of the Ants of Ohio’s biodiversity is available at http://www. Rose M. Isgrigg Ohio in 2005, based on literature records, ohiobiologicalsurvey.org/bioblitz/ and http:// Rio Grande University museum collections, and new sampling www.inaturalist.org/projects/ohio-bioblitz. events across the state. I update the list to I examined patterns of self-compatibility accommodate 16 additional species and Preparing Bird Study Skins for a and reproductive strategies in a clade of nine several name changes to taxa already on the Museum Collection species/subspecies of Desert Dandelions list. Currently, a total of 133 ant species, (Malacothrix spp., Asteraceae: Lactuceae) including 10 exotics, are reliably reported Stephanie Malinich and Angelika Nelson that are endemic to the Southern from the state. Tese species represent Museum of Biological Diversity, Te Ohio State California Channel Islands. Tese data most of the North American groups, University were then correlated with the geological lacking only the more tropical members and biogeographic history of the islands of the subfamilies Cerapachyinae, Natural History Museum collections in order to test Baker’s Law regarding Ectatomminae, and Pseudomyrmecinae. are important resources for biological long-distance (vicariant) dispersal across Ohio’s ant diversity is dominated by the sciences. Te specimens they house provide water barriers between the mainland and genus Formica (26 spp); other speciose windows into the past and are irreplaceable the various islands. Baker’s Law states that genera include Strumigenys (14 spp.), representatives of Earth’s biodiversity. self-compatible species that are capable Camponotus (11 spp.), Lasius (10 spp.), Scientists use museum specimens to discover, of autonomous self-pollination are more Temnothorax (10 spp.), and Myrmica (9 describe, and document plants and animals likely to successfully colonize distant spp.). In addition, I provide distributional still unknown to science today. Tey apply islands than can obligate out-breeding information for the newly recorded species, new technologies such as DNA-, amino- species (Baker 1955, Stebbins 1957). Te and I ofer brief comparison to species lists acid and isotope-based analyzes on a small co-dispersal of an additional individual of for surrounding states. With this update, amount of historical specimens. Tus, it is a compatible mating type, which would I hope to encourage future explorations important to continue documenting species be required for self-incompatible species, of the myrmecofauna of Ohio, where new in the present time and adding new specimens would not be necessary for establishing records are undoubtedly to be expected. to collections. We describe a method of

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 8 preparing bird specimens into museum can be ecosystem engineers, modification A Comparison of Small Mammal study skins. These birds were collected of the physical, chemical, and biological Diversity Among Microhabitats from window-kills and accessioned to properties of the soil profile can have in and an the Museum of Biological Diversity at cascading consequences for soil systems. Investigation of Trap Effcacy for The Ohio State University. Building Small Mammal Capture collections for future needs of science has Effects of N:P Ratio on Harmful been a pressing challenge, in particular Algal Blooms Amanda Porter and Sarah Minter funding their accession and curation. We Shawnee State University present a model for financing collection James Palus growth by offering birds for symbolic Te Ohio State University Knowledge of small mammal adoption to the public. abundance and distribution can provide Urban and agricultural development has useful information for management and Effects of Caffeine on Earthworm had dramatic efects on the biogeochemical conservation. As primary consumers (Lumbricus terrestris) Survival and cycles of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus and common prey items, small mammals Growth (P). Such nutrient-rich conditions play a crucial role in the regulation cause cyanobacteria to dominate the of plant communities and carnivore LeAunna S. Martin and Jennifer M. phytoplankton, thereby causing a number populations. The diversity of small Clark of problems in the water bodies they mammal species occupying specific Hiram College inhabit. Cyanobacteria exhibit rapid habitats was investigated between growth under high nutrient conditions, January and April 2014 in Shawnee Caffeine is one of the stimulants most and as such have been increasingly State Forest, Portsmouth, Ohio. Aside consumed by humans, at an average referred to as harmful algal blooms from the documentation of species rate of 210 mg daily per person in the (HABs) when they become overabundant during the 1960’s and prior, little is U.S. alone. Since wastewater treatments in aquatic ecosystems. While nutrient known about the diversity, habitat do not currently have the ability to run-of is thought to be the primary cause preferences, or seasonal activity of small remove caffeine during processing, it of HABs, it has been found that it is not mammal species in this state forest. has become a persistent pollutant in U.S. necessarily the independent quantities Human activities, natural catastrophes, surface waters. Although it is generally a of nitrogen and phosphorus that favor and time have influenced the suitability stimulant in vertebrates, caffeine appears cyanobacteria, but rather the N:P ratio. of the forest system for small mammals. to be toxic to some species of invertebrates. Interestingly, management strategies that Our study sought to document small Recent research has suggested that aim to increase N:P ratios in lakes have mammal diversity, to compare diversity this may have consequences not only not always resulted in the dominance among microhabitats found within the for aquatic systems, but could also of less harmful phytoplankton. Lake forest, and to investigate the efficacy negatively impact organisms living in Choctaw, located in Madison County, of trapping equipment. Traps were set floodplains. Earthworms are one of the OH, has been experiencing HABs that and collected once weekly for 15 weeks most common organisms in soil biota have been producing high levels of in the winter of 2014. Four distinct and serve important ecological functions cyanotoxins. Tis study examined how trap types (Sherman, Trip-trap, Pitfall, including increasing soil fertility and the N:P ratio infuences phytoplankton and Museum Special snap traps) were formation, but are also considered community composition and dominance set up in 3 distinct ecosystems within invasive in many forest systems. Very of cyanobacteria in lakes. As expected, each of six transects for a total of 72 few studies have assessed the effect of there was a strong correlation (r2= traps set per trap night. Ecosystems caffeine on earthworms. In this study, 0.91) between increasing cyanobacteria investigated included meadows, 30 earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) dominance and low N:P ratios. A similarly established forests, and ecotones. A were assigned to one of three treatments: strong relationship (r2 = 0.89) was found total of 153 specimens (89 live, 64 a control group (distilled water); a low between total algal biomass and Secchi dead) were collected, representing caffeine concentration group; and a high disk depth, providing a potentially five distinct species. Species within caffeine concentration group (N = 10 efective and low-cost monitoring tool for the genus Peromyscus were the most for each treatment). Earthworms were lake managers. However, caution should be commonly caught mammals among all put into individual 25 fl. oz. storage taken when extrapolating this relationship trap types with the exception of the containers and were fed sugar maple to other systems with potentially diferent pitfall trap. Pitfalls collected Blarina (Acer rubrum) leaves soaked in the algae communities. Further research brevicauda more frequently than other treatment solutions described above. should focus on laboratory experiments, species. The Sherman trap collected the Each individual will be checked and manipulating the various nutrient greatest number of individuals among weighed weekly to assess the effects on concentrations, in order to determine the all trap types. survival and growth (preliminary data relative importance of each nutrient in will be presented). Because earthworms algal intraspecifc competition.

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 9 Effects of Acid Mine Drainage in 2014, a prescribed burn of a tallgrass prairie periods in the summer of 2014 ( June, July, Southern Ohio Stream Systems on was conducted at the Gwynne Conservation and August) used bee bowls with soapy water Odonate Nymph Body Size Area, London, Ohio. Four weeks prior to the to collect bees. A total of 6 rain gardens and prescribed burn, we installed pitfall traps both 8 control lots of turf mown monthly were Halle Renn and Kelly Johnson within the area to be burned and an adjacent sampled. A total of 1,016 bees were collected Ohio University unburned area to compare diferences in the including over 33 diferent taxa in all of the pre- and post-burn spider community. To sites. A majority of the collected bees were Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is a legacy of avoid damage from the fre, the pitfall traps in the family Halictidae (n=752) with small past mining practices that is greatly afecting were pulled the day of the fre and reinstalled sweat bees (Lasioglossum spp., n=477) making water ways of southern Ohio. Elevated levels for 6 weeks following the fre. A total of 297 up the vast majority. Per cup, more bees were of acidity and heavy metals are observed in spiders were collected from 15 families, of collected at control sites (2.20) than rain contaminated stream systems in part because which over 60% were in the family Lycosidae garden sites (0.64). of the oxidation of sulphuric minerals leached and nearly 20% were Linyphiidae. Overall, we from abandoned mines. AMD can have found the prescribed burn did not signifcantly Wild Toledo Natural Prairie Habitat: severe impacts on the ecology and inhabitants alter the abundance of spiders collected. Reclaiming Toledo’s Native Prairies of afected streams. Odonate nymphs were Tis trend was seen in the overall spider selected as indicator taxa because of their abundance as well as for the most abundant Ryan Walsh importance as predators in the food web as families. Anecdotal observations also suggest Toledo Zoo well as their relative sensitivity to ecological that some spiders are capable of surviving stressors. Odonate nymphs were collected the fre in situ. As we continue to study Te Toledo area has a rich natural heritage— from thirteen feld sites in the Sunday and these communities, we will develop a better western Lucas County’s globally rare oak Monday creek watersheds in Southern understanding of the role that prescribed savanna habitat is just one example—and Ohio in the summer of 2013. Tese sites burning plays in regulating the structure and urban areas tend to decrease in biodiversity as were grouped into three categories of composition of the spider communities. Such land is developed. Trough our Wild Toledo acid mine impairment: heavily impaired, information is important to develop process- initiative, we’re creating native prairie habitat moderately impaired, and unimpaired. Five based restoration and management practices on and around Zoo grounds by planting the morphological features of 118 specimens in grassland ecosystems. wildfowers and prairie grasses that thrived of Boyeria vinosa (Aeshnidae) and several here before European settlement. Native Coenagrioniidae were measured: body Can Rain Garden Implementation prairie habitat does more than restore a lost length, body width, body surface, labial mask Support Multiple Ecosystem Services landscape; it supports a balanced natural length, and labial mask width. I predicted in Cleveland, OH? community, from birds and butterfies to that Odonates inhabiting heavily impaired reptiles and amphibians. Converting these and moderately impaired sites would have a MaLisa Spring and Mary Gardiner mowed lawns to prairie habitats increases smaller body size than Odonates inhabiting Te Ohio State University plant diversity and provides food resources unimpaired stream sites. After performing for animals, which increases animal diversity. an ANOVA, I determined that there was Stormwater runof and subsequent Many native pollinators (like butterfies and no signifcant evidence of a diference in any overfowing of blackwater in neighborhoods bees) beneft from such plantings. Tese characteristic among the categories for either of Cleveland is of increasing concern. habitats also blend cost-efective use of Zoo Aeshnidae or Coenagrioniidae. Rainfall of more than an inch causes the resources with our commitment to decrease water to backfow out of the combined sewer our carbon footprint. Tese plantings require Short-Term Effects of a Prescribed system. Tis mixed-use water pollutes the less maintenance than mowed areas, saving Burn on the Spider (Order: Araneae) surrounding neighborhoods before entering resources like fossil fuels and staf time. Community in a Small Ohio Prairie Lake Erie and other water bodies. A method Te prairie plants beautify these areas while to combat this runof and efuent is to both managing rain and runof better than turf Sarah J. Rose and P. Charles Goebel update the sewer system and attempt to grass. Unused parcels within the Zoo, as well Te Ohio State University decrease the amount of water entering the as parcels of our partners, have been or are in system. In an efort to evaluate the impact the process being restored to native prairie Prescribed burning is a management tool that of dispersed green infrastructure investment, habitat totaling 26.5 acres. Partners including is widely accepted for prairie management six rain gardens were installed in the Slavic the City of Toledo, the Village of Ottawa and restoration, yet little is known about its Village neighborhood of Cleveland, OH. In Hills, Toledo Public Schools and Rudolph- impact on the spider community. Although it addition to reducing stormwater runof, our Libbey have allowed the Toledo Zoo to is generally thought that prescribed burning goal was to measure additional ecosystem expand the prairie restoration project out into may shift the spider community, few studies services infuenced by this change in land use. the community. have examined these shifts in a controlled Specifcally, we were interested to know how manner with both a burned prairie and a rain gardens infuenced local bee biodiversity nearby unburned control. On October 25, within urban greenspaces. Tree sampling

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 10 Exploring Life in Vernal Pools

In September of 2013, naturalist says Lavelle. “I like to think of my John Lavelle began a survey of the vernal endeavor as a virtual museum that others pools and wetlands that are found in the more knowledgeable than I can rummage Metroparks of Lorain County, Ohio. Tis through and connect dots I can’t even see.” began as a simple attempt to fnd out what Lavelle hopes to connect with other animals are found in the waters covering biologists and natural historians who share 10,000 acres scattered over 500 square an interest in vernal pool biota. “People go to miles. John estimates that only one-tenth sleep dreaming of hitting the megamillion of the pools have been sampled. lottery,” he says. “[My] dream is fnding What began as a basic survey led to someone south of the glacier line in Ohio further questions as more data was gathered. or someone in the Appalachian foothills Te amount of activity in the waters in the This Daphnia is tentatively identifed as doing what I do. What a comparison it autumn and winter, even under the ice and D. ephemeralis, a species that thrives in would be.” cold of the polar vortex, was a shocking water temperatures between 33 and 50ºF. To follow Lavelle’s progress, or to get in Photo by John Lavelle. surprise. “Tere is nothing dead about the touch to share your own experiences in the dead of winter,” states one of Lavelle’s blog study of vernal pool biology, you can access posts. “Te animal life beneath the snow is the chief naturalist for the Metroparks. Lavelle’s blogs through https://sites.google. bustling along in the millions and billions.” “What is hoped for is that the raw data of com/site/journalofavernalpoolnaturalist/ or About every ten days to two weeks, photos and spreadsheets may ofer more e-mail him at [email protected]. Lavelle sends of notes of his fndings to information than I’m capable of gleaning,”

A Honey Bee Hive Tells All

Exactly what plants do honey bees visit on their daily forages for food in rural Madison County, Ohio? A research team led by Dr. Reed Johnson from Te Ohio State University has found that the answer lies in pollen DNA. Tey’ve collected pollen from a trapping device beneath beehives and developed a new method utilizing DNA metabarcoding to uncover the plants from which the pollen originated. “Understanding honey bees’ pollen preferences can provide insights to what a colony needs and help improve the quality of foraging habitats,” says Dr. Chia-Hua Lin, a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Entomology at Te Ohio State University. Teir work will not only provide other researchers with a foundation for uncovering information from pollen DNA, it will also enable bees to do some environmental science feldwork. “A honey bee colony is like an army Honey bees can aid researchers by collecting data in the form of pollen. of research assistants—thousands of Photo by Jessee J. Smith. enthusiastic, fying research assistants that work all day and trespass with impunity,” monitoring plants in their surrounding of pollution and pesticides. explains Doug Sponsler, a graduate student landscapes, some hard to reach by researchers, Rodney Richardson, a graduate student in the Department of Entomology. While and collecting valuable data in the form of in Te Ohio State University’s Department foraging each day, bees are unknowingly pollen. Tey can also serve as bioindicators of Entomology, explains that traditional

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 11 methods of analyzing pollen data under issue of Applications in Plant Sciences. bee foraging behavior than either method the microscope sufer from being difcult, “It’s a frst attempt that lets other alone. For scientists, it is only the beginning slow, and often imprecise. “Tere’s a researchers know what to expect, using of uncovering the secret life of bees. For the huge bottleneck in the workfow because the ITS2 marker in particular,” explains bees, it is only the beginning of their work as ultimately every sample needs the undivided Richardson. research assistants. attention of one expert behind a microscope,” Metabarcoding resulted in higher says Richardson. sensitivity and resolution, and identifed -Botanical Society of America DNA metabarcoding is a promising twice as many plant families than alternative because it is a way to rapidly microscopic analysis of the same pollen Rodney T. Richardson, Chia-Hua Lin, identify the genera or even species present samples. It lacked, however, the ability to Douglas B. Sponsler, Juan O. Quijia, in a mass DNA sample of multiple quantitatively assess the relative proportions Karen Goodell, and Reed M. Johnson. organisms. Te technology has been gaining of each pollen type. Tis will need to be 2015. Application of ITS2 metabarcoding popularity across many felds of biology, addressed in future advancements. to determine the provenance of pollen and Richardson and colleagues are among For now, a combination of traditional collected by honey bees in an agroecosystem. the frst to apply it to pollen analysis. Teir microscopic analysis with DNA Applications in Plant Sciences 3(1): new protocol is available in the January metabarcoding ofers a deeper look into 1400066. doi:10.3732/apps.1400066.

EAB Confrmed as Threat to White Fringetree

Te emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), also known as EAB, is an invasive insect pest from Asia that has killed millions of trees in the United States and Canada and has caused billions of dollars of damage since it was discovered in 2002. Fortunately, its damage has been limited to ash trees—or so we thought. During the summer and fall of 2014, Dr. Don Cipollini, a professor at Wright State University, found evidence that the EAB can also attack white fringetree (Chionanthus virginicus), a species native to the southeastern United States that is planted ornamentally. His observations are described in “White Fringetree as a Novel Larval Host for Emerald Ash Borer,” published in the Emerald ash borer larva recovered from white fringetree. (A) Dorsal habitus. (B) Ventral habitus. (C) Dorsal view of head. (D) Ventral view of head.. Journal of Economic Entomology. While examining white fringetrees in Yellow Springs, Ohio, Dr. Cipollini found “It may have a wider host range than we ever and until now has never been reported as a external symptoms of emerald ash borer thought in the frst place, or it is adapting host to wood borers related to emerald ash attacks, including the presence of adult exit to utilize new hosts. Tis biological invasion borer. holes, canopy dieback, bark splitting, and is having drastic ecological and economic Te Journal of Economic Entomology is other deformities. After removing the bark consequences, and you can’t always predict published by the Entomological Society from one of the trees, he found evidence what’s going to happen.” of America, the largest organization in the that at least three generations of emerald ash Te borers attack trees by laying eggs on world serving the professional and scientifc borer larvae had used the tree, and he saw the bark. Te serpentine feeding galleries of needs of entomologists and people in related several live larvae that were actively feeding. the larvae inside the bark disrupt the fow of disciplines. Founded in 1889, ESA today In addition, he found a dead adult that nutrients and water and starve the tree. has nearly 7,000 members afliated with has been confrmed as emerald ash borer. White fringetree, a relative of ash, is a educational institutions, health agencies, Additional white fringetrees exhibiting deciduous shrub or small tree that can grow private industry, and government. Members evidence of emerald ash borer attack were up to 30 feet tall. It has white fowers and are researchers, teachers, extension service also found in Springfeld and Dayton, Ohio. a purple, olive-like fruit, and is growing in personnel, administrators, marketing “It appears that emerald ash borer is popularity as an ornamental. It is known for representatives, research technicians, eating more than ash trees,” Cipollini said. its relative lack of pest and disease problems, consultants, students, and hobbyists.

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 12 Ohio University Paleontologists Discover New Tanzanian Dinosaur

Ohio University paleontologists have identifed a new species of titanosaurian, a member of the large-bodied sauropods that thrived during the fnal period of the dinosaur age, in Tanzania. Although many fossils of titanosaurians have been discovered around the globe, especially in South America, few have been recovered from the continent of Africa. Te new species, named Rukwatitan bisepultus, was frst spotted by scientists embedded in a clif wall in the Rukwa Rift Basin of southwestern Tanzania. Using the help of professional excavators and coal miners, the team unearthed vertebrae, ribs, limbs and pelvic bones over the course of two feld seasons. CT scans of the fossils, combined with detailed comparisons with other sauropods, revealed unique features that suggested an The team worked in a steep quarry in the Rukwa Rift Basin to recover the dinosaur fossils. animal that was diferent from previous Image credit: Patrick O’Connor, Ohio University. fnds—including those from elsewhere in Africa, according to a study the team published stance. Although not among the largest of “Tere may have been certain today in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. titanosaurians, Rukwatitan is estimated to environmental features, such as deserts, large “Using both traditional and new have forelimbs reaching 2 meters high and may waterways and/or mountain ranges, that would computational approaches, we were able to have weighed as much as several elephants. have limited the movement of animals and place the new species within the family tree Te dinosaur’s bones exhibit similarities promoted the evolution of regionally distinct of sauropod dinosaurs and determine both with another titanosaurian, Malawisaurus faunas,” O’Connor said. “Only additional data its uniqueness as a species and to delineate dixeyi, previously recovered in Malawi. But the on the faunas and paleo-environments from other species with which it is most closely two southern African dinosaurs are distinctly around the continent will let us further test related,” said lead author Eric Gorscak, a diferent from one another, and, most notably, such hypotheses.” doctoral student in biological sciences at Ohio from titanosaurians known from northern In addition to providing new data about University. Africa, said co-author Patrick O’Connor, a species evolution in sub-Saharan Africa, Rukwatitan bisepultus lived approximately professor of anatomy in the Ohio University the study also contributes to feshing out 100 million years ago during the middle of the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine. the global portrait of titanosaurians, which Cretaceous Period. Titanosaurian sauropods, Te fossils of middle Cretaceous crocodile lived in habitats across the globe through the the group that includes Rukwatitan, were relatives from the Rukwa Rift Basin also end of the Cretaceous Period. Teir rise in herbivorous dinosaurs known for their exhibit distinctive features when compared to diversity came in the wake of the decline of iconic large body sizes, long necks, and wide forms from elsewhere on the continent. another group of sauropods, the diplodocoids, which include the dinosaur Apatosaurus, the researchers noted. Scientists have found fossils for more than 30 titanosaurians in South America compared to just four in Africa. “Much of what we know regarding titanosaurian evolutionary history stems from numerous discoveries in South America—a continent that underwent a steady separation from Africa during the frst half of the Cretaceous Period,” Gorscak said. “With the discovery of Rukwatitan and study of the material in nearby Malawi, we are beginning This image shows the pieces of the skeleton recovered of Rukwatitan bisepultus within a to fll a signifcant gap from a large part of the silhouette of the animal. The bar equals 1 meter. Image credit: Eric Gorscak, Ohio University. world.”

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 13 The Herbert Osborn Award Organizational Members: Contact Information Purpose: The Ohio Biological Survey, in honor of The University of Akron Cedarville University Cleveland State University its founder, established the Herbert Osborn Award Dept. of Biology Dept. of Science and Dept. of Biological, to recognize noteworthy accomplishments and ASEC D401 Mathematics Geological, and service in the feld of biology as pertaining to the Akron, OH 44325-3908 251 N. Main St. Environmental Sciences (330) 972-7155 Cedarville OH 45314 2121 Euclid Avenue objectives of the Ohio Biological Survey. The Award fax: (330) 972-8445 (937) 766-7940 Cleveland, OH 44115-2214 is presented on an annual basis, and was initiated in www.uakron.edu/biology www.cedarville.edu/ (216) 523-7270 1991. academics/sciencemath/ www.csuohio.edu/sciences/ ASC Group dept/biology/ 800 Freeway Drive North Qualifcations: Recipients of the Herbert Osborn Suite 101 Central State University Award will be individuals who have made an Columbus, OH 43229 Dept. of Natural Sciences Columbus Audubon (614) 268-2514 Benjamin Banneker 505 W. Whittier St. exceptional contribution through consistent research Science Bldg. Columbus, OH 43215 publications to the advancement of knowledge fax: (614) 268-7881 www.ascgroup.net/index.html Wilberforce, OH 45384 (614) 545-5475, ext. 307 concerning the occurrence, distribution, taxonomy, (937) 376-6357 [email protected] and/or ecology of the fora and/or fauna of Ohio. Ashland University fax: (937) 376-6585 www.columbusaudubon.org www.centralstate.edu/ The intent of the Award is to recognize relevant Dept. of Biology/Toxicology (419) 289-5261 academics/arts_science/ accomplishments and service over a period of years. nsmcs/biology/index.html Metropolitan Park District of www.ashland.edu/departments/ Columbus & Franklin County biology-toxicology 1069 W. Main St. OBS Naturalist Award Cincinnati Museum Center Westerville, OH 43229. Aullwood Audubon Center 1301 Western Ave. General Info: (614) 508-8000 Purpose: The Ohio Biological Survey wishes to and Farm Cincinnati, OH 45203-1129 www.metroparks.net 1000 Aullwood Road honor those individuals who have made signifcant (513) 287-7020 Dayton, OH 45414-1129 1-800-733-2077 contributions to our understanding and conservation (513) 890-7360 www.cincymuseum.org Columbus Natural History of the natural heritage of Ohio. web4.audubon.org/local/ Society sanctuary/aullwood/ c/o Robert C. Glotzhober Cincinnati Zoo Ohio Historical Society Qualifcations: An individual selected to receive Boonshoft Museum of and Botanical Garden 1982 Velma Avenue the Ohio Biological Survey Naturalist Award will Discovery 3400 Vine Street Columbus, OH 43211-2497 have worked energetically to acquire or disseminate 2600 DeWeese Parkway Cincinnati, OH 45220 (614) 297-2633 Dayton, OH 45414-5499 (513) 281-4700 [email protected] knowledge, conserve natural areas, and/or foster our (937) 275-7431 1-800-94-HIPPO www.columbusnaturalhistory. understanding of the fauna and fora of Ohio. The www.boonshoftmuseum.org www.cincinnatizoo.org org awardee will be an active contributor over a period of years in pursuit of the activities concerning the natural Bowling Green State University Dept. of Biological Sciences Clarion University Columbus Zoo and Aquarium heritage of Ohio. Bowling Green, OH 43403 Dept. of Biology 9990 Riverside Drive (419) 372-2332 Clarion, PA 16214 P.O. Box 400 fax: (419) 372-2024 www.clarion.edu/art-sci/biology/ Powell, OH 43065 Small Grants www.bgsu.edu/departments/ index.htm (614) 645-3550 biology/ www.colszoo.org OBS offers small grant programs to support work that Cleveland Metroparks occurs partially or wholly in Ohio, and that promotes Brukner Nature Center 4101 Fulton Parkway Crane Hollow Preserve the Survey’s objectives. The Survey offers this support 5995 Horseshoe Bend Road Cleveland, OH 44144 18038 State Route 374 to individual members and institutional/corporate Troy, OH 45373 (216) 351-6300 Rockbridge, OH 43149 (937) 698-6493 members from monies derived from a portion of TTY (216)351-0808 (740)438-5777 [email protected] www.clemetparks.com [email protected] dues income. Applicants for individual small grants www.bruknernaturecenter.com must be current individual members of the Survey or Case Western Reserve The Cleveland Museum Crawford Park District employees/members of the institution or corporation University, Dept. of Biology of Natural History 2401 St. Rte. 598 that is a Survey member. Proposals should be received 10900 Euclid Avenue 1 Wade Oval Drive Crestline, OH 44827 on or before February 1 of each granting year. Cleveland OH 44106 University Circle (419) 683-9000 (216) 368-3557 Cleveland, OH 44106-1767 fax: (419) 683-6281 You can fnd more information, including an application fax: (216) 368-4672 (216) 231-4600 www.crawfordparkdistrict.org www.case.edu/artsci/biol/ www.cmnh.org form, at www.ohiobiologicalsurvey.org/projects/.

Ohio Biological Survey - Individual Membership

The Ohio Biological Survey, an inter-institutional agency dedicated to the natural history and conservation of Ohio’s fora and fauna, has opened its membership to individuals. Individual members are entitled to a 20% discount on all Survey publications, will receive the Survey’s newsletter, BioOhio, can participate in hosted or co-hosted workshops, feld trips, or lecture series, and are eligible to apply for research monies through the Survey’s Small Grant Program. All dues money will be returned to the membership through these benefts. Dues schedule: Students and Retired Members: $15/year; Regular Members: $25/year; Lifetime Regular Membership: $500; and Lifetime Retired Membership (60 or older): $100. If you are interested in becoming a member, please send your name, address, and dues to Ohio Biological Survey, P.O. Box 21370, Columbus, OH 43221-0370.

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 14 Cuyahoga Community College Geauga Park District Lake Metroparks University of Minnesota ODNR, Division of Forestry 700 Carnegie Avenue 9160 Robinson Road 11211 Spear Road Dept. of Entomology 2045 Morse Rd., Building H-1 Cleveland, Ohio 44115 Chardon, OH 44024-9148 Concord Twp., OH 44077 1980 Folwell Ave Columbus, OH 43229-6693 (216) 987-2350 (440) 286-9516 (440)-358-7275 219 Hodson Hall (614) 265-6694 http://www.tri-c.edu/programs/ fax: (440) 286-1285 1-800-227-7275 St. Paul, MN 55108 fax: (614) 447-9231 liberalarts/biology info@ geaugaparkdistrict.org www.lakemetroparks.com (612) 624-3636 www.dnr.state.oh.us/forestry www.geaugaparkdistrict.org fax: 612-625-5299 MAD Scientist and www.entomology.umn.edu The Dawes Arboretum ODNR, Division of Great Lakes Environmental Associates 7770 Jacksontown Rd. SE Natural Areas and Preserves Center (GLEC) 253 N. State Street, Suite 101 Mount St. Joseph University Newark, OH 43056-9380 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. C-3 1295 King Avenue Westerville, OH 43081-1584 Dept. of Biology (740) 323-2355 Columbus, OH 43229 Columbus, Ohio 43212 (614) 818-9156 5701 Delhi Road 1-800-44-DAWES (614) 265-6453 (614) 487-1040 fax: (614)818-9157 Cincinnati OH 45233-1670 www.dawesarb.org www.ohiodnr.com/dnap www.glec.com www. (513) 244-4401 environmentalconsultingohio. http://tinyurl.com/cmpjejn University of Dayton Hamilton County Park District com ODNR, Division of Dept. of Biology 10245 Winton Road Mount Union College Parks and Recreation 300 College Park Cincinnati, OH 45231 Malone University Biology Department 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. C-3 Dayton, OH 45469-2320 (513) 521-PARK Dept. of Natural Sciences Bracy Hall Columbus, OH 43229 (937) 229-252 www.hamiltoncountyparks.org 2600 Cleveland Avenue NW Alliance, OH 44601 www.ohiodnr.com/parks www.udbiology.com Canton, OH 44709 (330) 823-3672 Heidelberg College 1-800-521-1146 [email protected] Dept. of Biology www.malone.edu/academics/ raider.mountunion.edu/bi ODNR, Division of Wildlife The Defance College 310 E. Market St. natural-sciences 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G Natural Sciences and Tiffn, OH 44883-2462 Mount Vernon Columbus, OH 43229-6605 Mathematics 1-800-HEIDELBERG Marietta College Nazarene University (614) 265-6300 701 N. Clinton St. www.heidelberg.edu/ Dept. of Biology and Biology Deptartment 1-800-WILDLIFE Defance, Ohio 43512 academiclife/depts/bio Environmental Science 800 Martinsburg Rd. www.ohiodnr.com/wildlife 1-800-520-GODC Rickey Science Center Mount Vernon, OH 43050 www.defance.edu/pages/ Hiram College 215 S. 5th Street (740) 392-6868 Ohio Historical Society NS_majors_biology.html P.O. Box 67 Marietta, OH 45750 www.mvnu.edu/academics/ 1982 Velma Ave. Hiram, OH 44234 bio.department.marietta.edu natsocsci/biology/biology.asp Columbus, OH 43211 Denison University (330) 569-3211 (614) 297-2300 Dept.of Biology www.hiram.edu/biology Marietta College, Barbara A. Muskingum College ohsweb.ohiohistory.org Samson Talbot Hall Besier Field Station Dept. of Biology Granville, OH 43023 Hocking College Rickey Science Center 163 Stormont St. The Ohio Lepidopterists (740) 587-6261 School of Natural Resources 215 S. 5th Street New Concord, OH 43762 1315 Kinnear Rd. www.denison.edu/academics/ 3301 Hocking Parkway Marietta, OH 45750 (740) 826-8220 Columbus, OH 43212 departments/biology/ Nelsonville, OH 45764 www.marietta.edu/~biol/feld_ www.muskingum.edu/home/ (877) 462-5464 station/feldstation.html admission/majors/biology/1. www.ohiolepidopterists.org www.hocking.edu html EcoAnalysts, Inc. Marietta Natural History Ohio Northern University 1420 S. Blaine, Suite 14 Holden Arboretum Society The Nature Conservancy 525 S. Main Street Moscow, ID 83843 9500 Sperry Rd. P.O. Box 983 Indiana Chapter Ada, OH 45810 (208) 882-2588 Kirtland, OH 44094 Marietta, OH 45750 1505 N. Delaware St., Suite 200 (419) 772-2325 [email protected] (440) 256-1110 www.marietta.edu/~biol/mnhs/ Indianapolis, IN 46202 www.onu.edu/a+s/biology www.ecoanalysts.com (440) 946-4400 mnhs.html (317) 951-8818 www.holdenarb.org fax: (317) 917-2478 Marshall University www.nature.org/wherewework/ The Ohio Ornithological Ecological Specialists, Inc. John Carroll University Division of Biological northamerica/states/indiana Society 1417 Hoff Industrial Ct. University Heights, OH 44118 Sciences P.O. Box 14051 O’Fallon, MO 63366 (216) 397-4294 1 John Marshall Drive The Nature Conservancy Columbus, OH 43214 (636) 281-1982 fax: (216) 397-4981 Huntington, WV 25755 Ohio Chapter www.ohiobirds.org Contact@EcologicalSpecialists. www.jcu.edu/biology (304) 696-3148 6375 Riverside Dr., Suite 100 com www.marshall.edu/biology Dublin, OH 43017 www.ecologicalspecialists.com Ohio Prairie Association Kent State University (614) 717-2770 ATTN: K. Roger Troutman Dept. of Biological Sciences Miami County Park District http://tinyurl.com/bvnox2b 3360 State Route 546 Envirotech Consultants, Inc. 256 Cunningham Hall 2645 East St. Rt. 41 Mansfeld, OH 44904-9328 5380 TWP 143 NE P.O. Box 5190 Troy, OH 45373 Northern Kentucky www.ohioprairie.org Somerset, OH 43783 Kent, OH 44242-0001 (937) 335-6273 University (740) 743-1669 330-672-3613 fax: (937) 335-6221 Dept. of Biological Sciences Fax: (740) 743-1669 fax: 330-672-3713 www.miamicountyparks.com Nunn Drive Valley Water [email protected] www.kent.edu/biology Highland Heights, KY 41099 Sanitation Commission www.envirotechcon.com Miami University (849) 572-5110 (ORSANCO) Kenyon College, Brown Dept. of Botany biology.nku.edu 5735 Kellogg Avenue Family 316 Pearson Hall Cincinnati, OH 45230 Erie MetroParks Environmental Center Oxford, OH 45056 Oberlin College (513) 231-7719 3910 Perkins Ave. 9781 Laymon Rd. (513) 529-4200 Dept. of Biology fax: (513) 231-7761 Huron, OH 44839 Gambier, OH 43022 fax: (513) 529-4243 Science Center K123 www.orsanco.org (419) 625-7783 (740) 427-5050 www.cas.muohio.edu/botany 119 Woodland St. [email protected] [email protected] Oberlin, OH, 44074 www.eriemetroparks.org bfec.kenyon.edu Miami University (440) 775-8315 The Ohio State University, Dept. of Zoology new.oberlin.edu/arts-and- Marion Campus 1469 Mt. Vernon Ave. University of Findlay Lake Erie College 212 Pearson Hall sciences/departments/biology Marion, OH 43302 1000 North Main Street 391 West Washington Street Oxford, OH 45056 Ohio Bluebird Society (740) 725-6254 Findlay, OH 45840 Painesville, Ohio 44077 (513) 529-3100 PMB 111, 343 W. Milltown Road osumarion.osu.edu (419) 422-8313 (440) 296-1856 zoology.muohio.edu Wooster, OH 44691 (419) 434-4822 www.lec.edu www.ohiobluebirdsociety.org http://tinyurl.com/crfyswj

Volume 23 No. 1 Page 15 The Ohio State University Strategic Environmental and U.S. Geological Survey School of Environment and Ecological Services, Inc. Ohio District Natural Resources 653 McCorkle Blvd, Suite G 6480 Doubletree Ave. 210 Kottman Hall Westerville, OH 43082 Columbus, OH 43229-1111 2021 Coffey Road (614) 891-6905 (614) 430-7700 Columbus, OH 43210 fax: (614) 891-6915 fax: (614) 430-7777 (614) 292-2265 www.strategicenvironmental.net oh.water.usgs.gov/about_ senr.osu.edu us.htm Metro Parks: Summit County 975 Treaty Line Rd. Ohio University Akron, OH 44313 The Wheaton Club Dept. of Biological Sciences (330) 867-5511 [email protected] 107 Irvine Hall www.summitmetroparks.org Athens, OH, 45701 The Wilderness Center, Inc. (740) 593-2290 Thomas More College 9877 Alabama Ave. S.W. fax: (740) 593-0300 333 Thomas More Parkway P.O. Box 202 www.biosci.ohiou.edu Crestview Hills, KY 41017 Wilmot, OH 44689 (859) 341-5800 (330) 359-5235 Ohio University www.thomasmore.edu/biology www.wildernesscenter.org Dept. of Environmental and Board of Trustees Plant Biology Metropolitan Park District of The Wilds Scott Pendleton (Chair) - Cadiz Animal Clinic Porter Hall 315 the Toledo Area 14000 International Rd. Athens OH 45701 5100 W. Central Ave. Cumberland, OH 43732 Jeff Brown (Secretary) - Stantec (740) 593-1126 Toledo, OH 43615 (740) 638-5030 fax: (740) 593-1130 (419) 407-9700 www.thewilds.org Bob Deal - Shawnee State University www.plantbio.ohiou.edu www.metroparkstoledo.com Wittenberg University Mark Dilley - Mad Scientist and Associates Toledo Naturalists’ 200 West Ward St. Andrew Gibson - (Student Member) Ohio University Ohio Wesleyan University Association 19800 Sugar Springfeld, OH 45501-0720 Dept. of Zoology Creek Rd. www5.wittenberg.edu/ Bob Glotzhober - Ohio Historical Society (retired) 61 S. Sandusky St. Bowling Green, OH 43402 academics/biology.html Delaware, OH 43015 www.toledonaturalist.org Constance Hausman - Cleveland Metroparks (740) 368-3885 Wood County Park District James Lane (Treasurer) - GBQ Redbank Advisors bio.owu.edu/zoo.htm The Toledo Zoo 18729 Mercer Rd. Anthony Wayne Trail Bowling Green, OH 43402 Jason Larson - Richland County Park District Ohio Wildlife Center 2 Hippo Way (419) 353-1897 Steve Madewell - Metroparks of the Toledo Area 6131 Cook Rd. Toledo, OH 43609 www.woodcountyparkdistrict. Powell, OH 43065 (419) 385-5721 org David McShaffrey - Marietta College (614) 734-9453 www.toledozoo.org www.ohiowildlifecenter.org The College of Wooster Kendra Wecker - ODNR, Division of Wildlife Transystems Dept. of Biology 5747 Perimeter Dr., #240 J.G. Mateer Hall Royal Ontario Museum: Dublin, OH 43017-3256 931 College Mall Executive Director Natural History (614) 336-8480 Wooster, OH 44691 Greg Smith - Kent State University 100 Queen’s Park www.transystems.com (330) 263-2379 Toronto, ON fax: (330) 263-2378 M5S 2C6 University of Cincinnati www.wooster.edu/Academics/ Business Manager/Publications Director www.rom.on.ca/collections/ Dept. of Biological Sciences Areas-of-Study/biology Gene Kritsky - Mount St. Joseph University history.php Cincinnati, OH 45221-0006 (513) 556-9740 Wright State University http://www.artsci.uc.edu/ Dept. of Biological Sciences Offce Manager Otterbein College, Dept. of departments/biology.html 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway Frank Brockmeyer Biology and Earth Science 235A BH 1 Otterbein College University of Toledo Dayton, OH 45435 Westerville, OH 43081 Stranahan Arboretum (937) 775-2655 Corporate Counsel (614) 823-1517 4131 Tantara Drive fax: (937) 775-3320 Peter Precario - Precario Law; www.otterbein.edu/public/ Toledo, OH 43623 www.wright.edu/biology Academics/Departments/ Midwest Biodiversity Institute (419) 841-1007 BiologyandEarthScience.aspx Fax: (419) 530-4421 Xavier University www.utoledo.edu/nsm/ Dept. of Biology Copy Editor/Designer Ramser Arboretum arboretum 3800 Victory Parkway Jessee J. Smith 24565 Danville-Jelloway Rd. Cincinnati, OH 45207 Danville, OH 43014 U.S. Fish & Widlife Service (513) 745-3807 (740) 501-4166 Ohio: Ecological Services www.xavier.edu/biology [email protected] Offce 4625 Morse Road, Suite 104 Youngstown State University Columbus, OH 43230 Dept. of Biological Sciences www.ohiobiologicalsurvey.org Shawnee State University (614) 416-8993 1 University Plaza 940 Second Street www.fws.gov/midwest/Ohio Youngstown, OH 44555 Portsmouth, OH 45662-4344 (330) 941-3601 [email protected] www.shawnee.edu/acad/ns/ U.S. Forest Service fax: (330) 941-1483 biology.html web.ysu.edu/stem/biology 13700 US Highway 33 www.facebook.com/ Stantec Nelsonville, OH 45764 Zane State College: Parks, 11687 Lebanon Rd. (740) 753-0101 Recreation, and Wildlife OhioBiologicalSurvey Cincinnati, OH 45241 www.fs.fed.us/r9/wayne 1555 Newark Rd. (513) 842-8200 Zanesville, OH 43701 fax: (513) 842-8250 (740) 454-2501 twitter.com/ www.stantec.com www.zanestate.edu/programs/ OhioBioSurvey parks-recreation-and-wildlife

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