MID Parapsychology
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GARDNER ON DISTANT HEALING • SHELDRAKE ON THE STARING EFFECT • WORLD SKEPTICS CONGRESS Skeptical Inquirer THE MAGAZINE FOR SCIENCE AND REA SO N Volume 25, No. 2 • March/April 2001 consciousness MID parapsychology t^ Diirtilu Lu. El '.^^^^^^^^^^^^^^mn^^^^^^^^^^yl THE COMMITTEE FOR THE SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION OF CLAIMS OF THE PARANORMAL AT THE CENTER FOR INQUIRY-INTERNATIONAL (ADJACENT TO THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO) • AN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION Paul Kurtz, Chairman; professor emeritus of philosophy, State University of New York at Buffalo Barry Karr, Executive Director Joe Nickell, Senior Research Fellow Lee Nisbet, Special Projects Director FELLOWS James E. Alcock,* psychologist. York Univ., Thomas Gilovich, psychologist, Cornell Univ. Dorothy Nelkin, sociologist, New York Univ. Toronto Henry Gordon, magician, columnist, Toronto Joe Nickell,* senior research fellow, CSICOP Jerry Andrus, magician and inventor, Albany, Stephen Jay Gould, Museum of Comparative Lee Nisbet* philosopher, Medaille College Oregon Zoology, Harvard Univ. Bill Nye, science educator and television host, Marcia Angell, M.D., former editor-in-chief, Susan Haack, Cooper Senior Scholar in Arts Nye Labs New England Journal of Medicine and Sciences, prof, of philosophy, University James E. Oberg, science writer Robert A. Baker, psychologist, Univ. of of Miami Loren Pankratz, psychologist, Oregon Health Kentucky C. E. M. Hansel, psychologist, Univ. of Wales Sciences Univ. Stephen Barrett M.D., psychiatrist, author, Al Hibbs, scientist. Jet Propulsion Laboratory John Paulos, mathematician, Temple Univ. consumer advocate, Allentown. Pa. Douglas Hofstadter, professor of human Steven Pinker, cognitive scientist. MIT Barry Beyerstein,* biopsychologist. Simon understanding and cognitive science, Indiana Milton Rosenberg, psychologist, Univ. of Fraser Univ., Vancouver, B.C., Canada Univ. Chicago Irving Biederman. psychologist, Univ. of Gerald Holton, Mallinckrodt Professor of Wallace Sampson. M.D., clinical professor of Southern California Physics and professor of history of science, medicine. Stanford Univ. Susan Blackmore, psychologist, Univ. of the Harvard Univ. Amardeo Sarma, engineer, head of dept. West of England, Bristol Ray Hyman,* psychologist, Univ. of Oregon at T-Nova Deutsche Telekom Henri Broch, physicist, Univ. of Nice, France Leon Jaroff, sciences editor emeritus, Time Innovationsgesellschaft mbH Headquarters, Jan Harold Brunvand, folklorist, professor Sergei Kapitza, editor. Russian edition, executive director, GWUP, Germany. emeritus of English, Univ. of Utah Scientific American Evry Schatzman, president French Physics Vern Bullough, professor of history, California Philip J. Klass,* aerospace writer, engineer Association State Univ. at Northridge Edwin C. Krupp, astronomer, director. Griffith Eugenie Scott physical anthropologist, execu Mario Bunge, philosopher, McGill University Observatory tive director. National Center for Science John R. Cole, anthropologist, editor. National Paul Kurtz.* chairman. CSICOP Education Lawrence Kusche, science writer Center for Science Education Thomas A. Sebeok, anthropologist, Leon Lederman, emeritus director, Fermilab; Frederick Crews, literary and cultural critic, linguist, Indiana Univ. professor emeritus of English. Univ. of Nobel laureate in physics Robert Sheaffer, science writer California, Berkeley Scott Lilienfeld, psychologist. Emory Univ. Elie A. Shneour, biochemist, author. Lin Zixin, former editor, Science and F. H. C. Crick, biophysicist. Salk Inst, for director, Biosystems Research Institute, Biological Studies, La Jolla. Calif; Nobel Prize Technology Daily (China) La Jolla, Calif. laureate Jere Lipps, Museum of Paleontology, Univ. of Dkk Smith, film producer, publisher, Terrey Richard Dawkins. zoologist, Oxford Univ. California, Berkeley Hills. N.S.W.. Australia L. Sprague de Camp, author, engineer Elizabeth Loftus, professor of psychology, Robert Steiner, magician, author. Cornells de Jager, professor of astrophysics. Univ. of Washington El Cerrito, Calif. Univ. of Utrecht, the Netherlands Paul MacCready, scientist/engineer, Jill Cornell Tarter, astronomer. SET! Institute. Bernard Dixon, science writer, London, U.K. AeroVironment, Inc., Monrovia, Calif. Mountain View. Calif. Paul Edwards, philosopher, editor, John Maddox, editor emeritus of Nature Carol Tavris, psychologist and author. Los Encyclopedia of Philosophy David Marks, psychologist City University, London. Angeles, Calif. Kenneth Feder, professor of anthropology. Walter C. McCrone, microscopist. McCrone Stephen Toulmin, professor of philosophy, Central Connecticut State Univ. Research Institute Univ. of Southern California Antony Flew, philosopher, Reading Univ., U.K. Mario Mendez-Acosta, journalist and Marilyn vos Savant Parade magazine con Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer, Foothill College, science writer. Mexico City. Mexico tributing editor and CBS News correspon Los Altos Hills, Calif. Marvin Minsky, professor of media arts and dent Kendrick Frazier,* science writer, editor. sciences. M.I.T. Steven Weinberg, professor of physics and SKEPTICAL INQUIRER David Morrison, space scientist NASA Ames astronomy. Univ. of Texas at Austin; Nobel Yves Galifret. vice-president. Affiliated Research Center Prize laureate Organizations: France Richard A. Muller, professor of physics. Univ. Marvin Zelen, statistician. Harvard Univ. Martin Gardner.* author, critic of Calif., Berkeley Murray Gell-Mann. professor of physics, Santa H. Narasimhaiah, physicist, president. * Member, CSICOP Executive Council Fe Institute; Nobel Prize laureate Bangalore Science Forum, India (Affiliations given for identification only.) Visit the CSICOP Web site at http://www.csicop.org •. K.SI lNQ» IKIK -ISSN 0194-6~30i i> pubUsed bimonthly by the Commincc for the tatdo- rcpMB. review**, jnJ letter* published in the SkUTKAl INQUIRER tcpioem iht Scientific Investigation of Claim* of the Paranormal. 1310 Sweet Home Rd„ Amherst. NT views and work of individual authorv Their publication doo noi neccsvarik COWPPIW an 14228. Printed m U.S.A. Periodicals postage paid ai Buffalo. NY. Subscnption prices: one year endorsement by CSICOP or its members unless so stated. (six issues), $35; rwo years, S58: three years. $81: single issue. $4.95. Canadian and foreign orders: Copyright ©2001 by the Commincc tor the Scientific Investigation of Claims of thr Payment in U.S. hinds drawn on a U.S. bank must accompany orders; please add US$10 per year Paranormal. All rights reserved. The SKEFTKAI iNgnRER is available on 16mm microfilm, for shipping. Canadian and foreign cuuomcrt arc encouraged to use Visa or MasterCard. 35mm microfilm, and 105mm microfiche from L'niscriits Microfilms International and u Inquiries from ihc media and the public about the work of the Committee should be made indexed in the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature. to Paul Kurtz. Chairman. CSICOP. Box 703. Amherst, NY 14226-0703. Tel.: "16-636-1425. Subscriptions and changes of address diould be addressed to: SkUTK.M INQI 1RIR, Box FAX 716-636-1733. "03. Amherst. NY 14226-0703. Or call toll-free 1-800-634-1610 (outside U.S. call 716-636- Manuscripts, letters, books for review, and editorial inquiries should be addressed to 1425 ('Id address as well as new are necessary for change of subscribers address, with su Kendrick Frazier. Editor. SKETOCAI INQUIRER, 944 Deer Drive NE. Albuquerque. weeks advance notice. SKEITK.U INQURFR subscribers may not speak on behalf of CSICOP NM 87122. FAX 505-828-2080. For Guide for Authors, see page 64 in the September I or the SKI l-1 it Al I\gi IRER. October 2000 issue, or send a fax request to the Editor, It is also as-ailablc on the web at Postmaster Send changes of address to SXEFTICU INQUIRE*, Box "03. Amber*.: H\ http://www.csicop.org/si7guidc- for-a uthotv h t ml. 14226-0703 COLUMNS Skeptical Inquirer EDITOR'S NOTE 4 March / April 2001 • VOL 25, NO. 2 NEWS AND COMMENT Retired Air Force Balloon Expert Expands on Origin of 'Majestic WHAT'S WRONG WITH THE INFORMATION 12' UFO Hoax / L. Sprague de Camp: Erudite Writer on ARGUMENT AGAINST EVOLUTION? Archaeology, Ancient Engineering, and Pseudoscience (and Science Fiction Too) / Aromatherapy Company Settles Lawsuit Disputing Health Claims / Tabloid Busts Fox TV on Pyramid 35 Darwin in Mind Special 5 'Intelligent Design' Meets Artificial Intelligence SPECIAL TRIBUTE TO W. V. QUINE PAUL KURTZ 8 Proponents of Intelligent Design" claim information theory refutes Darwinian evolution. Modern physics and artificial CONFERENCE REPORT intelligence research turns their arguments on their head. Rousing World Skeptics Congress TANER EDIS Convened in Sydney, Australia PAUL KURTZ 9 40 A Bit Confused NOTES OF A FRINGE-WATCHER Creationism and Information Theory Distant Healing and Elizabeth Targ The argument of some creationists that modern information MARTIN GARDNER 12 theory refutes Darwinian evolution is based on a confusion between two distinct information concepts. At the heart of INVESTIGATIVE FILES the Darwinian thesis is not information, but complexity. Mysterious Australia DAVID ROCHE JOE NICKELL 15 PSYCHIC VIBRATIONS ARTICLES The Great Chupacabra Conspiracy ROBERT SHEAFFER 19 22 What Can the Paranormal Teach Us FORUM About Consciousness? How to Live With Evolution SUSAN BURY 56 Parapsychologists seem to assume that psychic phenomena—if tfjey exist—would prove the "power of consciousness. " Yet this FOLLOW-UP may be no more than trying to use one mystery to solve Research on the Feeling of Being Stared At another. Susan