Hort-Science-Holy-Basil-Article.Pdf
HORTSCIENCE 53(9):1275–1282. 2018. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI13156-18 To increase cultivation of holy basil in the southeastern United States, the first step is to evaluate available holy basil varieties to de- Variation in Growth and Development, termine which are most suited for commer- cial production. At present, growers typically and Essential Oil Yield between Two select varieties based on seed availability, market demand, and harvestable weight, and Ocimum Species (O. tenuiflorum and not necessarily on the presence or concentra- tion of biologically active compounds (Zhang et al., 2012). With medicinal herbs, O. gratissimum) Grown in Georgia an important consideration is the measurable Noelle J. Fuller1 difference in therapeutic constituents, such as Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, 1111 Miller Plant essential oils, that are indicators of quality and efficacy. For example, a notable phenolic Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602 compound found in holy basil essential oil is Ronald B. Pegg eugenol. It is a versatile molecule with application in many industries (Kamatou Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 100 et al., 2012). It has a spicy clove-like scent Cedar Street, Athens, GA 30602 and has been shown to be therapeutically effective for neurological, inflammatory, al- James Affolter lergic, and immunological disorders (Bakkali State Botanical Garden of Georgia, 450 South Milledge, Athens, GA 30605 et al., 2008; Kamatou et al., 2012; Sen, 1993). Eugenol is largely extracted from natural David Berle sources, most commonly clove essential oil Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, 1111 Miller Plant (Eugenia caryophyllata), which has a gross Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602 market value of US$30–70 million annually for use in food and cosmetics (Bohnert et al., Additional index words.
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