ACTA PALAEONTOLOGICA ROMANIAE V. 6 (2008), P 365-374.

PRESENCE OF BIG SIZE AMMONITES IN THE JURASSIC OLISTOLITHS OF TRANSYLVANIAN NAPPE(S) FROM RARĂU SYNCLINE (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA)

Paul ŢIBULEAC1

Abstract: Rarău Syncline is known through various ammonite faunas, from Triassic to Early Cretaceous, but only two specimen of large ammonites were quoted until now, respectively from Sinemurian (Bodia Hill) and Aalenian (Moldova slope). The paper added a new fossiliferous point with big size ammonites (Praşca Peak, Sinemurian: Zetoceras bonarelli, Coroniceras (Coroniceras) cf. lyra, C. (Paracoroniceras) sp. etc) and remembered the first two records. Key-words: Big size ammonites, Sinemurian, Aalenian, Rarău Syncline, Transylvanian nappes.

1. General data on big size ammonites raricostatum Taxon-range Zone (Late Three empirical size categories of Sinemurian) and they were always small; other ammonites have been proposed (Stevens, families (e. g. Arititidae) has both large and 1985, 1988): small (with diameter up to 170 normal size exemplaires; mm), medium/big (with diameter between 170 - several taxa could be usually encountered mm and 435 mm) and large (with diameter by large adult specimens in some beyond 435 mm and very rarely greater than 1 biozones/subbiozones; Paracoroniceras or meter. Medium (more frequently) and large Coroniceras (Paracoroniceras) is often ammonites (more rarely) have been collected recorded through big size shells in in many parts of the world from the Late Coroniceras (Coroniceras) lyra Subzone; Devonian to Late Cretaceous, but the reasons - in the same biozones and of their presence in certain beds and biozones paleonvironments there are prevalent large are not obvious. The general rarity of large shells of several taxa and only small ones for ammonites may be due to preservational another; e.g. in the C.(C.) lyra Subzone, with factors (the ammonite shells are very thick), large specimens of C. (Paracoroniceras), the life cycle characteristics, environmental Arnioceras were only small individuals. features etc. Stevens (1988) also showed In conclusion, the relevance of large relationships between the presence of large ammonites for the global and local events isn’t ammonites and eustatic see level fluctuations: yet clearly deduced. the main stratigraphical intervals with such The Paleontology-Stratigraphy collection of ammonites have coincided with sea-level the Geology Department, University changes: Hettangian-Early Sinemurian, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” of Iaşi holds several Bajocian, Kimmeridgian-Tithonian, Late specimens of large ammonites: from the Aptian, Cenomanian-Turonian and Early Triassic, Hagighiol-Dobrogea - Trachyceras Campanian, less frecquent being in Late (Trachyceras) curionii MOJSISOVICS, Pliensbachian, Early and Middle Oxfordian Gymnites bosniensis (HAUER) – Simionescu and Late Campanian. The author accepts the (1913); from the Jurassic: Subsaynella suesii hypothesis that transgressions favor the (SIMIONESCU) - Dâmbovicioara Basin, appearance of large ammonites through Simionescu 1898; Procerites moorei (OPPEL) relatively low reproduction rate, late - Bucegi Mountains, Simionescu, 1905; maturation, greater longevity, large body and Perisphinctes (Arisphinctes) cotovui trophic specialization (Calder, 1984 – fide SIMIONESCU, P. (A.) pseudobreviceps Stevens, 1988). SIMIONESCU, P. (Orthosphinctes) suevicus The presence of large ammonites also planus SIMIONESCU, P. emphasizes as much on local fossilization (Dichotomosphinctes) dobrogensis conditions and paleoenvironment. Big versus SIMONESCU, P. (Kranaosphinctes) small ammonites might be controlled by post- promiscuus BUKOWSKI, P. (Perisphinctes) mortem sorting and transport or several multifidus (SIMIONESCU), P. (Discosphinctes) specimens could be only nuclei of originally gerontoides SIEMIRADZI, Decipia ernesti bigger ammonites. On the other hand, they paucicosta (SIMIONESCU) – Hârşova, might be immature individuals which died by Dobrogea Simionescu, 1907; and from the different causes before reaching full size. Cretaceous - Pachydiscus sp. (P. cf. levyi The biological reasons are not still clearly GROSS = Nowakites macoveii SZASZ) – explained: Macovei, 1906, and a few fragments of large - there are families of ammonites which ammonites from the Dâmbovicioara Basin - preserved only small specimens; echioceratids Crioceratites kilianii, Crioceratites (? were the most widespread in the Echioceras =Hoplocrioceras) sp., Simionescu (1898). 1 “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iaşi, Department of Geology, Bd. Carol I, no. 20A, 700505, Iasi, Romania, e-mail: [email protected] P. ŢIBULEAC

There are also undocumented ammonites with (Valea Pojorâtei stream), Bathonian (Valea large dimensions in other Romanian Seacă) - Turculeţ, 2004; and Early Callovian collections. deposits (Izvorul Malului, Izvorul Alb, Moldova valley) – Turculeţ, 1979. 2. Setting of the Jurassic olistoliths The affiliation of olistoliths and, especially, (Transylvanian Nappes) exotic blocks to one of the three Transylvanian Field researches made in the last years in Nappes is difficult and needs comparative the Jurassic deposits of the Rarău Syncline studies between their presence in Rarău, has provided new information concerning the Hăghimaş and Perşani mountains. presence of large ammonites in the The rocks of the Transylvanian Nappes are Transylvanian Nappes rocks (the first being the most fossiliferous in the Rarău Syncline, reported by Turculeţ, 1966). the fauna including algae, foraminifers The Transylvanian Nappes occur only as ammonites, bivalves, gastropods, belemnites, olistoliths and hieratic blocks in the brachiopods, crinoids, echinoids etc. Cretaceous wildflish. It was outlined by Uhlig (1907), who distinguished and named in the 3. Large Jurassic ammonites in Rarău Rarău Syncline two kinds of nappes: the Syncline autochthonous Bucovinian Nappe and the Two specimens of large sized ammonites allochthounousTransylvanian Nappe; the last have so far been collected from the Rarău name suggests the original area of its Syncline deposits: the first was found in deposits. Uhlig identified Triassic and Jurassic Aalenian deposits – Moldova river slope sedimentary rocks mixed with oceanic igneous (Turculeţ, 1966) and the second from a rock in the Transylvanian Nappe. hieratic Sinemurian block – Bodia hill Until the middle of the eightieth decade, (Ţibuleac, 2002). A few other fragments of subsequent researchers accepted the large ammonites testify to their presence in Transylvanian Nappe (although with different another fossiliferous outcrop (Praşca Peak). interpretations) and its presence was also highlighted in Hăghimaş and the Perşani 3.1 Sinemurian olistolith from Praşca Peak mountains (Popescu-Voiteşti, 1936; Preda, The most important olistolith of Liassic age 1940; Patrulius, Popescu, 1964; Mutihac, from the Eastern Carpathians occurs in the 1968; Săndulescu, 1973, 1976; Patrulius et al., Praşca Peak, almost in the middle of the 1971, 1979; Rădulescu et al., 1976; syncline, several kilometers south-west of Săndulescu et Visarion, 1978; Rădulescu et Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Suceava County Săndulescu, 1973; after Săndulescu, 1984). (Fig. 1). It was discovered by Uhlig (1900), and The deposits of the Transylvanian Nappes has subsequently been studied and reported were formed on an oceanic spreading floor, by Trauth (1906), Popescu & Patrulius (1964), and represent different ages on a different Turculeţ (1965, 1968, 1971), Popa and ophiolitic basement. Using this evolutionary Patrulius (1996), Turculeţ and Ţibuleac (2001) model, Săndulescu (1984) proposed three and Ţibuleac (2005). Uhlig considered the heterochronous Transylvanian Nappes: olistolith to be a development of the “Adnet - the oldest one – Perşani Nappe – sensu facies” because of the similarity of lithology stricto with Triassic deposits and without (red nodular limestones and marls) and the ofiolitic rocks; similarity of the ages of ammonites - the Olt Nappe, separated in the Perşani represented. Mountains by Patrulius et al., 1979 A rich fauna of ammonites and a few taxa including ultrabasic rocks, pillow-lava and of algae, foraminifera, bivalves, gastropods, Traissic – Middle Jurassic deposits; crinoids and brachiopods have been - and the last one, Hăghimaş Nappe, recorded. Specimens have been collected in delimited in the mountains with the same recent years both in situ and from the soil name by Săndulescu (1976), this which buried the olistolith. representing the Tithonian – Early An upside-down inclination of the olistolith Cretaceous time interval. in the Cretaceous wildflish can be In the Rarău Syncline, the Jurassic of the demonstrated by the relative position of in situ Transylvanian Nappes is marked until now by fossiliferous beds. For example, beds yielding Sinemurian (Praşca Peak, Bodia Hill, Izvorul ammonites from the Arnioceras semicostatum Malului), Pliensbachian (Valea Pojorâtei T.-r. Zone occur up-slope from beds yielding stream), Toarcian, Toarcian - Aalenian (Izvorul ammonites of the Echioceras raricostatum T.- Malului stream, Măgura hill – Moldova valley r. Zone. The presence of other ammonites between Sadova and Pojorâta), Bajocian Zones between these and of earlier and later 366 PRESENCE OF BIG SIZE AMMONITES IN THE JURASSIC OLISTOLITHS OF TRANSYLVANIAN NAPPE(S) FROM RARĂU SYNCLINE (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA) has also been proved by recent diggings made 1901), (Coroniceras (Coroniceras) cf. lyra in the area of Praşca Peak. HYATT, 1867, Coroniceras (Paracoroniceras) These field researches have also yielded sp. cf. ? C. (P.) charlesi DONOVAN, 1955), some fragments of large ammonites. We could Coroniceras (Paracoroniceras) sp., a taxon identify several taxa from these fragmentary from the Eoderocetacaee family, Gleviceras fossils: Zetoceras pseudo-oenotrium sp., and Lytoceras sp. (KOVÁCS, 1942), Z. cf. oenotrium (FUCINI,

Figure 1 Geological settings of the olistoliths with big ammonites (Rarău Syncline, Eastern Carpathians): 1- Praşca Peak, 2 – Bodia Hill, 3 – Right slope of Moldova river between Sadova and Pojorâta (after Turculeţ, 1971).

Two big specimens of Zetoceras were The second specimen was collected in situ encountered during recent digging: a Z. in the same zone; throughout the more open pseudo-oenotrium (or Z. zetes sensu Meister umbilicus and the general outline of whorl and B Böhm, 1993) was collected ex situ in section it could be a Z. oenotrium (or Z. zetes the area of outcrop of the Arnioceras sensu Meister and B Böhm, 1993) of the semicostatum Zone; it is a specimen of around closed dimensions as the first one. 185 mm diameter, other exemples of Zetoceras was proposed as a genus by Zetoceras (50-80 mm diameter) have been Kovács (1939 – fide Fantini-Sestini, 1969) in a cited previously (Turculeţ and Ţibuleac 2001) revision of Jurassic phylloceratids, but a few The large specimen has a crinoid dorsal cup years later, Wiedmann (1963 – fide Fantini- attached (Pl. I, fig. 1a). Sestini, 1969) considered Zetoceras KOVÁCS The species is identified through several (and also Geyeroceras HYATT 1900) as a characteristic features: the complex suture line subgenus of Phylloceras SUESS 1865. shows a short ventral lobe and a broad lateral Subsecvent researchers have adopted one lobe with two accessory saddles (the external or other point of view. For example, Meister more high then the internal one) and the first and Böhm (1993) considered Zetoceras as a two saddles (E/L, L/U) are tetraphyllic; the subgenus of Phylloceras and grouped umbilicus is moderate open, with an abrupt Phylloceras (Zetoceras) zetes (d’ORBIGNY wall and the whorl section is subtrapezoidal/ 1850), P. (Z.) oenotrium (FUCINI 1901), P. (Z.) subelliptical, with the maximum width near to bonarelli (BETTONI, 1900) and P. (Z.) lavizarii the umbilicus. (W/h =0,39). (HAUER, 1854) in a single species - P. (Zetoceras) zetes. Few years later, Alkaya and

367 P. ŢIBULEAC

Meister (1995) maintain Zetoceras as Coroniceras (Coroniceras) cf. lyra – sensu distinctive genus adding Phylloceras Guérin-Franiatte is represented by a fragment (Zetoceras) pseudo-zetes FUCINI 1908 to the collected in situ (Arnioceras semicostatum synonymy of Z. zetes; but they regarded Zone) with a subquadratic whorl (generally, C. Zetoceras lavizarii as a distinctive species (C.) lyra proves a very varaible whorl section), characterized by the shape of section whorl a relative flat venter which keeps the main keel and several particularities of suture line: the and weak sulci. It has distant, slowly provers lateral lobe is more asymmetric in comparison ribs, with vestigial tubercles, the approximation with noted species, “its branch extending of suture lines suggest a mature specimen (Pl. laterally to the middle of the venter”. I, fig 4). The l/h report is 0,81, which is close to During the Sinemurian – Pliensbachian - ? that given by Guérin-Franiatte (1966) on 152 Early Toarcian interval, Zetoceras was a specimens of C. (C.) lyra (the index varing common tetraphyllic phylloceratid in the between 0,70 and 1,25). Tethyan realm being also reported The suture line shows several features of occasionally from the Euroboreal region (Great the pattern typical of this genus/subgenus: it Britain, Germany – Donovan, 1967; Géczy and shows four lobes: a straight, deep ventral lobe, Meister, 1998; Meister and Friebe, 2003). a broad, divided lateral lobe (with one high However, few specimens of large size have accesory saddle), an U1 and the internal lobe; been recorded in Sinemurian (after the the first and lateral saddles are the most available references): from Enzesfeld Quarry important, last one a little high and the sadddle (Adnet – Austria), one cited by Hauer (fide U/I more deccupated than the first two Meneghini, 1867-1881) is 150 mm diameter, saddles. another held in the collection of the Natural Coroniceras (C.) lyra was also recorded History Museum Vienna) is about 190 mm through other olistolith specimens collected in diameter; and a specimen recorded from Çalik and ex situ in the Perşani Mountains. (Turkey) figured by Alkaya and Meister (1995) The most complete fragment (Pl. II, fig. 1) is around 170-180 mm diameter. shows an evolute shell with distant ribs and a Joly (2000) quoted several specimen over whorl section that resembles Coroniceras 200 mm diameter (maximum 275 mm – (Paracoroniceras) charlesi. It was found ex Zetoceras lavizzarii (HAUER, 1854) in the Late situ and there is no previous data about its Pliensbachian of France. presence in the olistolith. Corna et al. (1997) In Romania, specimens of Zetoceras were considered it as a boreal species showing the also found at Pietrele Albe (Perşani Mountains influences of north–west seas in the (Popa, Patrulius, 1996). Daulphinoise zone of the French Alps (Écrins Coroniceras sp. is represented by a few Massif). fragments, collected in situ (Arnioceras Coroniceras (Coroniceras) and C. semicostatum Zone) and ex situ. (Paracoroniceras) appear in the both Euboreal Guérin-Franiatte (1966) distinguished three and Tethyan areas. subgenera of Coroniceras HYATT, 1867: Gleviceras is known from the first mention Coroniceras s.s., Paracoroniceras SPATH, of the olistolith: Uhlig (1900) noted an 1922, Metophioceras SPATH 1924, but Arkell exemplary of Oxynoticeras guibali et al., (1968) considered them as distinctive d’ORBIGNY, 1844 (=Gleviceras aff. genera within the subfamily Arietitinae. The subguibalianum PIA, 1914 – after Popa and arguments in favour of this separation concern Patrulius’ revision, 1996). It has a widespread the morphology of the whorl section, sculptural distribution - North-West Europe, Tethys, aspects, and several details of the suture line Pacific areas, being encountered in the Late etc. Subsequent reserchears have been Sinemurian (Echioceras raricostatum Zone). divided between these two points of view. Our fragments is a phragmocon part, with flat Regarding the new samples from Praşca and smooth flancs, compressed venter and Peak, one fragment represents a partial weakly risen keel (Pl. II, fig.3). It isn’t a true phramocone and partial body chamber, the large ammonite (we have only a fragment) others only phragmocones of large individuals. since the specimen has bigger size than the It is difficult to identify the species because the ussualy ones found in the olistolith: Gleviceras specimens are fragmentary shell casts and the boucaultianum (DUMORTIER,) sensu PIA, ontogenetic evolution of whorl sections, 1914, G. doris (REYNES, 1879) sensu Pia, sculpture, involution etc. cannot be 1914. determined. We still supose the presence of A big size ammonite of the the Superfamily few species. Eoderoceratoidea SPATH, 1929 is represented by a fragment that shows a suture 368 PRESENCE OF BIG SIZE AMMONITES IN THE JURASSIC OLISTOLITHS OF TRANSYLVANIAN NAPPE(S) FROM RARĂU SYNCLINE (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA) line with a bifid lateral lobe and the tendency opalinum, L. comptum, L. gotzendorfensis, of the lateral saddle to be bifid. The inner Leioceras sp. (large specimen) Costileioceras, whorls are more densly ribbed than the Hudlestonia, Dumortieria sp., Pleydellia following ones and the ventral part seems to aalensis, Ludwigia sp., Rhabdobellus exilis, lose the sulci (eoderoceratoids rarely have Belemnopsis subblainvillei. Few years later, sulci). The whorl sections are modified (Pl. II, Turculeţ (1982) named the large Leioceras – Fig. 4 a, c), but we suposse the essential L. carpathicus and he estimated the change are due by erosional cause. reconstructed shell at 42.1 cm diameter (Pl. III, Several specimens of large Lytoceras, and fig 2). The fragment of large ammonite also several aulacocerids with big dimensions represents only a part of body chamber and it were found. A few other fragments are is difficult to determine it preciously. indeterminables. 4. Conclusions 3.2 Sinemurian blocks from Bodia hill Comparing the interval with large A few years ago, a specimen of C. ammonites quoted by Stevens (1988) during (Paracoroniceras) with an approximated the Mesozoic we find two of these intervals in diameter of 32 cm was found on a dried torrent the Rarău Syncline – Sinemurian and of Bodia hill, near to the western slope base Aalenian. (Ţibuleac, 2002). It is known that (C.) The new data come from the Praşca Paracoroniceras changes markedly through olistolith; the ammonite fragments were found ontogeny being trigonal in large mature in soil and in the excavation made into a whorls, this specimen differing from other transversal section in the olistolith (Arnioceras known C. (Paracoroniceras) species by its semicostatum T.-r. Zone and under this Zone). elliptical whorl section (Pl. III, fig 1). The possibility of finding large ammonites was restricted by the dimensions of the excavation 3.3 Aalenian blocks from the right slope of (1.0 – 1.5 m width and until 1 m depth), hence the Moldova river can suppose a more substantial presence of Turculeţ (1966) described an Aalenian such specimens. fauna in an exotic material from the right slope of the Moldova river (between Sadova and 5. Aknowledgements Pojorâta). These rocks consisted of strata of Many thanks to Murray Edmunds (Chipping grey-yellowish marls between 8 - 10 m Norton, United Kingdom) who revised the thicknesses with elliptical structures composed content and grammar of last but one variant of of adulterated grey-bluish marls; these paper. ellipsoids were fossiliferous, yielding Leioceras

REFERENCES

Alkaya F., Meister C. 1995. Liassic ammonites from Storia Naturale e Acquario Civico., p. 103- the Central and Eastern Pontides (Ankara 133, 3 tav., Milano and Kelkit areas, Turkey). Révue de Corna M., Dommergues J.-L., Meister C., Page K. Paléobiologie, 14 (1), p. 125-193, 14 pl., 1997. Les faunes d’ammonites inférieur Genève. (Hettangien, Sinémurien et Pliensbachien) Arkell W.J., Kummel B., Wright C. W. 1968. au nor du massif des Écrins (Oisans, Mesozoic Ammonoidea. In: Moore R.C. Alpes occidentales françaises). Revue de (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paléobiologie, Genève, t. 16 (2), p. 321 - Paleontology. Part. L., Mollusca 4, 409. Kansas-Lawrence. Donovan D. T. 1967. The geographical distribution Böhm F., Ebli O., Krystyn L., Lobitzer H., Rakús M, of Lower Jurassic ammonites in Europe Siblík M. 1999. Fauna, Stratigraphy and and adjacent areas. Systematics Depositional Environment of the Association Publication, no. 7 – Aspects of Hettangian-Sinemurian (Early Jurassic) of Tethyan Biogeography, p. 113-134, 5 text- Adnet (Salzburg, Austria). Abhandlungen sketches, London. der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, Band Dommergues J.-L., Meister C. 1991. Area mixed 56/2, p. 143-271, Wien. marine faunas between two major Cantaluppi G., Corti S. 1969. La fauna della “Pietra paleogeographical realms, exemplified by di Moltrasio” (Como) – Natura Società the Early Jurassic (late Sinemurian and Italiana di Scienze Naturali, Museo Civico Pliensbachian) ammonites in the Alps. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology,

369 P. ŢIBULEAC

Palaeoecology, 86, p. 252-282, Elsevier Dîmboviciorei. Publicaţiunile Fondului Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam. Vasile Adamachi. Academia Româna. Dommergues J. L., Ferretti A., Meister C. 1994. Les Bucuresci. Institutul de arte grafice Carol faunes d’Ammonites du Sinémurien de Göbl, p. 45 - 111, 9 pl. l’Apennin Central (Marches et Toscane, Simionescu I. 1905. Studii geologice şi Italie). Bolletino della Società paleontologice din Carpaţii sudici. IV Paleontologica Italiana, 33/1, p. 13-42, 4 Fauna jurasică din Bucegi. Publicaţiunile pl., Modena, Maggio. Fondului Vasile Adamachi. Academia Fantini Sestini Nerina 1969. Osservazioni Româna. Bucuresci. Institutul de arte tassonomiche sul genere Geyeroceras grafice Carol Göbl, 41p, 4 pl. Hyatt (Ammonoidea). Rivista Italiana di Simionescu I. 1907. Studii geologice şi Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 75/1, p. 89- paleontologice din Dobrogea. I Fauna 104, Milano. cefalopodelor jurasice dela Hârşova. Faraoni P., Marini A., Pallini G., Venturi F. 1996. Publicaţiunile Fondului Vasile Adamachi. New Carixian ammonite assemblages of Academia Româna. Bucuresci. Institutul Central Apennines (Italy) and their impact de arte grafice Carol Göbl, 94 p, 9 pl. on Mediterranean biostratigraphy. Simionescu I. 1913. Studii geologice şi Paleopelagos, 6, p. 75-122, 13 plates. paleontologice din Dobrogea. VI Fauna Géczy B., Meister C. 1998. Les ammonites du amoniţilor triasici dela Hagighiol Lea Domérien de la montagne du Bakony ammonites triasiques de Hagighiol (Hongrie). Révue de Paléobiologie, 17 (1), (Dobrogea). Publicaţiunile Fondului Vasile p. 69 - 161, 17 pl., Genève. Adamachi. Academia Româna. Bucuresci. Joly B., 2000. Les Juraphyllitidae, Phylloceratidae, Institutul de arte grafice Carol Göbl, 101p, Neophylloceratidae (Phyllocerataceae, 9 pl. Phylloceratina, Ammonoidea) de France Trauth F. 1906. Ueber den Lias von Valea Seacă in au Jurassique et au Crétacé. Co-édité par den Bukowina. Verein. a.d. Univ. Wien, Geobios, Mémoire nr. 23, Société Bd. IV/31, Wien. géologique de France, Mémoire nr. 174, p. Turculeţ I. 1965. Câteva date privind Liasicul din 6-17, 28-37. dealul Praşca. Analele ştiinţifice ale Kment K. 2000. Frühe liassische Ammoniten aus Universităţii “Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. II/b, XI, p. der Gegend um Hinterriss im 203-204, 1 pl., Iaşi. Karwendelgebirge (Tirol) und dem Turculeţ I. 1968 Observations sur l’Algue Mangfallgebirge bei Rottach-Egern Globochaete alpina. Lomb., des depôts (Bayern). Jahrbuch der Geologischen liasiques de la cuvette de Rarău. Rivista Bundesanstalt, vol. 142/2, p. 181-218, Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia vol. Wien. 74, nr. 4, p. 1155-1174, Milano. Meister C., Böhm F. 1993. Austroalpine Liassic Turculeţ I. 1970. Klippa sinemuriană din dealul Ammonites from the Adneth Formation Praşca (Rarău) - un valoros punct fosilifer. (Northern Calcareous Alps.). Jahrbuch Studii şi comunicări de ocrotirea naturii, I, Geologische Bundesanstalt - p. 229-233, Comitetul judeţean pentru Abhadlungen, Band 136/ Heft 1, p. 163- cultură şi artă - Consiliul judeţean de 211, 14 text figures, 9 plates, Wien. îndrumare pentru ocrotirea naturii Meister C., Friebe J. G. 2003. Austroalpine Liassic Suceava. Ammonites from Vorarlberg (Austria, Turculeţ I. 1971. Cercetări geologice asupra Northern Calcareous Alps). Beiträge zur depozitelor jurasice şi eocretacice din Paläontologie., nummer 28, Wien, 2003, p. cuveta Rarău-Breaza (Carpaţii Orientali), 9 -99.16 pl. Studii tehnico-economice, IGR, seria J, nr. Popa E., Patrulius D. 1996. Lower Jurassic 10, 142 p., 43 pl., Bucureşti. Ammonites in the Romanian Carpathians. Turculeţ I. 1979. Date cronostratigrafice privind Memoriile Institutului Geologic al seria transilvană din regiunea Rarău. României, vol. 36, p. 53-63, Bucureşti. Studii şi cercetări de gelogie-geofizică- Quenstedt F.A.-1883 ed .1973. Die Ammoniten des geografie. Academia RSR, t. 24, p. 151- Schwäbischen Jura. I Band, Der 157, Bucureşti. Schwarze Jura (Lias) Atlas 1-54, E. Turculeţ I. 1982. Leioceras giganteum, une nouvelle Schweizerbart’sche Verlagshandlung. 440 espèce de Leioceratinae de l’Aalénien pag., Stuttgart. inferieur du Synclinal de Rarău (Carpathes Rakús M., Lobitzer H. 1993. Early Liassic Orientales Roumaines. Analele ştiinţifice Ammonites from the Steinplatte- ale Universităţii “Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. II/b, Kammerköhralm Area (Northern XXVIII, p. 25-27, Iaşi. Calcareous Alps/Salzburg) Jahrbuch der Turculeţ I. Ţibuleac P., 2001. Sinemurian Geologischen Bundesanstalt- ammonites from the Praşca hill (the Rarău Abhadlungen, Band. 136, Heft 4, p. 919- Syncline, Eastern Carpathians). Acta 932, Wien. Paleontologica Romaniae. V. III, p. 427 - Simionescu I. 1898. Studii geologice şi 452, Ed. Vasiliana –98, Iaşi. paleontologice din Carpaţii sudici. II. Studiul faunei neocomiene din basenul 370 PRESENCE OF BIG SIZE AMMONITES IN THE JURASSIC OLISTOLITHS OF TRANSYLVANIAN NAPPE(S) FROM RARĂU SYNCLINE (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA)

Turculeţ I. 2004. Paleontologia Jurasicului şi deutschen naturwissenschaftlich- Cretacicului din Rarău. Editura Junimea, medicinischen Vereins für Böhmen 285 p., Iaşi. “Lotos”. II Band, 1, 31 p. 1 pl., Praga. Ţibuleac P. 2002. Presence of large arietitid Vadász E. M. 1908. Die unterliassische Fauna von (Sinemurian) in Rarău Syncline (Eastern Alsórákos in Komität Nagyküküllö. Carpathians, Romania) Analele ştiinţifice Mitteilungen aus dem Jahrbuche der kgl ale Universităţii “Al. I. Cuza” Iaşi, s. II/b, Ungarischen Geologischen.Reichsanstalt, XLVIII, p. 193-196, 2 pl., Iaşi. XVI Band, 5 Heft, p. 309-406, Budapesta. Uhlilg V. 1900. Üeber eine unterliasische Fauna aus der Bukowina. Abhandlungen des

Captions of plates

Plate I Fig. 1 – Zetoceras pseudo-oenotrium (KOVÁCS, 1942), ex situ in the area of Arnioceras semicostatum Taxon-range Zone, Sinemurian, Praşca Peak (Rarău Syncline, Eastern Carpathians). Fig. 2 – Zetoceras cf. oenotrium (FUCINI, 1901), in situ, Arnioceras semicostatum T.-r. Zone, idem. Fig. 3 – Zetoceras zetes (d’ORBIGNY, 1850), in situ, Arnioceras semicostatum T.-r. Zone, idem. FIG. 4 – Coroniceras (Paracoroniceras) sp., ex situ, in the area of Arnioceras semicostatum T.-r. Zone, idem. Fig. 5 – Coroniceras (Coroniceras) cf. lyra HYATT, 1867, in situ, Arnioceras semicostatum T.-r. Zone, idem.

Plate II Fig. 1 – Coroniceras (Paracoroniceras) sp., (cf. ? C. (P.) charlesi (DONOVAN, 1955) ex situ, in the area of Arnioceras semicostatum T.-r. Zone Sinemurian, Praşca Peak (Rarău Syncline, Eastern Carpathians). Fig. 2 – Lytoceras sp., ex situ. Fig. 3 – Gleviceras sp., in the area of Echioceras raricostatum T.-r. Zone, idem. Fig. 4 – Eoderocetacaee family, ex situ.

Plate III Fig. 1 – Paracoroniceras sp., exotic block, Sinemurian, Bodia Hill (Rarău Syncline Eastern Carpathians) Fig. 2 – Leioceras carpathicus TURCULEŢ (2a from Turculeţ, 1982; 2b from Paleontology- Stratigraphy collection) exotic blocks, Aalenian, right slope of Moldova river (between Sadova and Pojorâta).

371 P. ŢIBULEAC PLATE I

372 P. ŢIBULEAC PLATE II

373 P. ŢIBULEAC PLATE III

374