DOCSLIB.ORG

APUSH-Antebellum Reform

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
APUSH-Antebellum Reform Antebellum Reform Movements AP U.S. HISTORY Mr. Sean McAtee Iroquois High School, Elma, NY December 2014 The Second Great Awakening Protestant Revivalism Movement (circa 1790 - 1850) Camp Meetings / Emotional Preaching Universal Salvation Led to the desire to improve society - Reform Movements Temperance Abolitionism Education Asylum & Women’s Penal Reform Rights The Rise of Popular Religion In France, I had almost always seen the spirit of religion and the spirit of freedom pursuing courses diametrically opposed to each other; but in America, I found that they were intimately united, and that they reigned in common over the same country… Religion was the foremost of the political institutions of the United States. -- Alexis de Tocqueville, 1832 The Second Great Awakening Rev. Charles Grandison Finney (1792 - 1875) Finney believed that God offered Himself to everyone, and that one could be saved only through an active acceptance of God's invitation to grace. The ranges of tents, the fires, reflecting light…; the candles and lamps illuminating the encampment; hundreds moving to and fro…; the preaching, praying, singing, and shouting,… like the sound of many waters, was enough to swallow up all Rev. Finney 1835 the powers of contemplation. The Second Great Awakening Revival Meeting The Second Great Awakening The Movement of Camp Meetings / Revivals The Mormons The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Smith was born into a poor Vermont family that moved to Palmyra, NY. In 1820 Smith began to have religious experiences. He believed that God had chosen him to receive the divine truth In 1835 Smith published The Book of Mormon. This book told the story of an ancient Jewish civilization that had migrated to the Western Hemisphere, Joseph Smith (1805-1844) and of the visit of Jesus Christ, soon after his resurrection, to that society The Mormons The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints People began to “follow” Smith - became converts to his church. Smith saw himself as a prophet in a sinful, excessively individualistic society. He revived traditional social doctrines, including patriarchal authority. Smith also stressed communal discipline to safeguard the Mormons. Smith was killed by a mob in Smith justified the practice of polygamy - Carthage, Illinois in 1844 men having multiple wives After Smith was killed, Brigham Young led 6,500 converts West to Utah Established a community in what is now Salt Lake City Brigham Young (1870) The Shakers The United Society of Believers in Christ’s Second Appearing Founded in England in 1770 Lee’s followers believed that she was the female component of Christ’s spirit, and that she represented the Second appearance of Christ on earth. “Mother” Ann Lee Lee and nine followers emigrated to America Born-England 1736 in 1774. They built a community near Albany, which they named Niskeyuna. Died-Albany, NY 1784 There would be a total of 18 communities - stretching from Maine to Kentucky The Shakers Very Successful! Communities led by a man and a woman Church members were celibate Social discipline was important Contact between men and women was limited The Rise of Transcendentalism Transcendentalism 19th century philosophical and literary movement Proponents rejected the ordered, rational world of the Enlightenment. In its place they embraced human passion and sought deeper insight into the mysteries of existence “Transcend” the limits of intellect Ralph Waldo Emerson and allow the emotions, the SOUL, (1803-1882) to create an original relationship with the Universe. Transcendentalist Thinking The spirit had gone out of the churches. Religion needed a new vision. Each person is an extension of a universal spirit, that speaks through them in a unique and creative way. Each individual has the right to follow the dictates of his or her own conscience. Key ideas included optimism, freedom and self-reliance. Emphasized living a simple life, and celebrated the truth found in nature and in personal emotion and imagination GiveThe well-being Transcendentalist to the poor and the Agenda miserable. Give learning to the ignorant. Give health to the sick. Give peace and justice to society. Ralph Waldo Henry David Emerson Thoreau Nature Self-Reliance Walden (1832) Civil Disobedience (1841) (1854) (1849) “The American Scholar” (1837) A Critic of Transcendentalism A more pessimistic worldview. “The world is not a perfect place” Pursuing one’s own self-interest has the potential to destroy individuals and those around them In Hawthorne’s Scarlet Letter, two characters ignore societies rules by committing adultery. Instead of gaining freedom, their lives are destroyed. Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) Secular Utopian Communities Owenite-Communities Owen and his followers established a number of communities organized around cooperative principles (sharing labor and resources) Robert Owen (1771-1858) Owen’s plan for New Harmony, Indiana Brook Farm - near Boston, Ma. Community created in 1841 by a couple who adopted the philosophy of transcendentalism. Its key beliefs were equality and personal freedom. Community members would pool their labor and their resources.It lasted for five years. Key transcendentalists such as Emerson and Thoreau were frequent visitors The Oneida Community Established in 1848 in central New York State Noyes was a graduate of Dartmouth College. He became a minister after being inspired by Charles Grandison Finney Noyes became a believer in perfectionism - believed that Christ had already returned to earth. Therefore, people could aspire to sinless perfection in their earthy lives. Noyes rejected traditional marriage. John Humphrey Noyes He felt that was a barrier to perfection (1811-1886) The Oneida Community In 1848, the community had 87 members Community members practiced what Noyes called Complex Marriage - Every man was married to every woman (and vice versa) No two people were allowed to have exclusive attachment The Oneida Community to each other - as this was Mansion House deemed to be selfish (circa 1870) Albert Brisbane & Fourierism Charles Fourier (1777-1837) was a French reformer. He predicted the decline of individual property rights and capitalist values. Brisbane was Fourier’s leading disciple in America Members would work for the community in cooperative groups called phalanxes; they Albert Brisbane would own property in common, including (circa 1840) stores, a bank, a school and a library Born in Batavia, NY During the 1840s nearly 100 communities were in 1809 established. Most of them quickly collapsed. Buried in Batavia Cemetery in 1809 The Temperance Movement Annual Consumption of Alcohol (gallons per person) The Temperance Movement The American Temperance Society was established in 1826. Its goal was to curb the consumption of alcohol. Within a few years the organization had 200,000 members Intemperance is the sin of our land, and, with our boundless prosperity, is coming in upon us like a flood; and if anything shall defeat the hopes of the world, which hang upon our experiment of civil liberty, it is that river of fire . Lyman Beecher (1775-1863) — Lyman Beecher 1829 The Drunkard’s Progress: From the First Glass to the Grave (1846) The Abolition Movement Around 1800, those working to end slavery argued that slavery was contrary to the ideas of the American Revolution - republicanism & liberty 1816 - American Colonization Society was created. Goal - gradual, voluntary emancipation David Walker (free black man) published Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World in 1829. It called for slaves to revolt agains their masters. Walker: Fight for Freedom. Don’t wait to be set free! The Abolition Movement The abolition movement greatly expanded around 1830, inspired by the ideas of the Second Great Awakening and the Transcendentalists By the 1830s, abolitionists argued that slavery was a sin / against God’s will. William Lloyd Garrison Established the New England Anti-Slavery Society in 1831. Helped to establish the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833. There is a law above all the enactments of human code . written by the finger of God upon the heart of man Wm. Lloyd Garrison (1829) — Wm. Lloyd Garrison 1859 William Lloyd Garrison Called for the immediate emancipation of all people who were enslaved with no compensation for slave owners. Slavery was a moral issue - not an economic issue Slavery undermined republican values Wm. Lloyd Garrison (1859) The Liberator (1831 - 1865) I am aware that many object to the severity of my language; but is there not cause for severity? I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this issue I do not wish to think, or to speak, or write, with moderation . urge me not to use moderation in a cause like the present. I am in earnest - I will not equivocate - I will not excuse - I will not retreat a single inch - AND I WILL BE HEARD. — Wm Lloyd Garrison, The Liberator (Inaugural Issue) 1 Jan 1831) The Anti-Slavery Alphabet (1846) Written by abolitionist sisters Hannah and Mary Townsend, who were Quakers from Philadelphia Frederick Douglass (1818 - 1895) Born on a plantation in Maryland Escaped from slavery in 1838. Douglass disguised himself as a sailor, and boarded a northbound train in Baltimore. When he arrived in New York City Douglass declared himself a free man Earliest known photo - age 26 Became a leading abolitionist speaker Published The Narrative of Frederick Douglass in 1845 Settled in Rochester, NY. Began publishing newspaper The North Star in 1847 1879 - age 61 Sojourner Truth (Isabella Baumfree) (1797 - 1883) Born on an estate owned by a Dutch American in Ulster County, NY (95 miles North of NYC) She “walked away” in 1827 when her owner refused to uphold the New York Anti-Slavery Law Published The Narrative of Sojourner Truth: A Northern Slave in 1850 May 1851, delivered a speech at the Ohio Women’s Rights Convention, which is today known as Ain’t I a Woman. Harriet Tubman (1820 - 1913) Born a slave on a plantation on the eastern shore of Maryland She married a free black man named John Tubman around 1844.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Paris Diary of Albert Brisbane, American Fourierist
    Syracuse University SURFACE The Courier Libraries 1997 Dreams and Expectations: The Paris Diary of Albert Brisbane, American Fourierist Abigail Mellen Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/libassoc Part of the Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Mellen, Abigail. "Dreams and Expectations: The Paris Diary of Albert Brisbane, American Fourierist," The Courier 1997: 195-122. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Libraries at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Courier by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ASSOCIATES COURIER VOLUME XXXII· 1997 SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ASSOCIATES COURIER VOLUME XXXII 1997 Ivan Mestrovic in Syracuse, 1947-1955 By David Tatham, Professor ofFine Arts 5 Syracuse University In 1947 Chancellor William P. Tolley brought the great Croatian sculptor to Syracuse University as artist-in-residence and professor ofsculpture. Tatham discusses the his­ torical antecedents and the significance, for Mdtrovic and the University, ofthat eight-and-a-half-year association. Declaration ofIndependence: Mary Colum as Autobiographer By Sanford Sternlicht, Professor ofEnglish 25 Syracuse University Sternlicht describes the struggles ofMary Colum, as a woman and a writer, to achieve equality in the male-dominated literary worlds ofIreland and America. A CharlesJackson Diptych ByJohn W Crowley, Professor ofEnglish 35 Syracuse University In writings about homosexuality and alcoholism, CharlesJackson, author ofThe Lost TtVeekend, seems to have drawn on an experience he had as a freshman at Syracuse University. Mter discussingJackson's troubled life, Crowley introduces Marty Mann, founder ofthe National Council on Alcoholism. Among her papers Crowley found a CharlesJackson teleplay, about an alcoholic woman, that is here published for the first time.
    [Show full text]
  • From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: the Making of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904)
    East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2006 From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: The Making of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904). Ann B. Cro East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Cro, Ann B., "From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: The akM ing of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904)." (2006). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2187. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2187 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: The Making of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904) ____________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Cross-Disciplinary Studies East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in Liberal Studies ___________________ by Ann B. Cro May 2006 ____________________ Dr. Theresa Lloyd, Chair Dr. Marie Tedesco Dr. Kevin O’Donnell Keywords: Abby Morton Diaz, Transcendentalism, Abolition, Brook Farm, Nationalist Movement ABSTRACT From Transcendentalism to Progressivism: The Making of an American Reformer, Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904) by Ann B. Cro Author and activist Abby Morton Diaz (1821-1904) was a member of the Brook Farm Transcendental community from 1842 until it folded in 1847.
    [Show full text]
  • Charles Fourier Was Born in Besançon, France.2
    1 FRANÇOIS-MARIE-CHARLES “1,680 PERSONS” FOURIER WALDEN: In short, I am convinced, both by faith and experience that to maintain one’s self on this earth is not a hardship but a pastime, if we will live simply and wisely; as the pursuits of the simpler nations are still the sports of the more artificial. It is not necessary that a man should earn his living by the sweat of his brow, unless he sweats easier than I do. 1772 April 7: François-Marie-Charles Fourier was born in Besançon, France.2 1.This sentiment which went into Walden first occurs in a letter Henry Thoreau wrote to a person intrigued by Fourierism, Horace Greeley, on May 19, 1848: “The fact is man need not live by the sweat of his brow unless he sweats easier than I do he needs so little.” 2. “Besançon” is not French for “Tickle your ass with a feather.” For the magnificent celebration of this magnificent day on April 7, 1845 at Brook Farm, see: HDT WHAT? INDEX CHARLES FOURIER AND “FOURIERISM” 1808 Charles Fourier’s first major work was released, THÉORIE DES QUATRE MOUVEMENTS ET DES DESTINÉES GÉNÉRALES (THE SOCIAL DESTINY OF MAN; OR, THEORY OF THE FOUR MOVEMENTS, to be published in English as of 1857).3 3. There is one master myth which drives all our ideology. It is that there is, and that it is necessary for us to discover, the one right way, The Solution, and that if we then hew to this one right way, everything will start to work, and the world will be all set to turn out all right: It seems, however, that although we are prepared to defend to the death our right to trust in this master myth which drives all our ideology –that there is a right way and all that is necessary is for us to discover and hew to it– this really is not so.
    [Show full text]
  • Albert Brisbane Papers, 1830-1832, 1840-1936
    IHLC MS 487 Albert Brisbane Papers, 1830-1832, 1840-1936 Manuscript Collection Inventory Illinois History and Lincoln Collections University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Note: Unless otherwise specified, documents and other materials listed on the following pages are available for research at the Illinois Historical and Lincoln Collections, located in the Main Library of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Additional background information about the manuscript collection inventoried is recorded in the Manuscript Collections Database (http://www.library.illinois.edu/ihx/archon/index.php) under the collection title; search by the name listed at the top of the inventory to locate the corresponding collection record in the database. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Illinois History and Lincoln Collections http://www.library.illinois.edu/ihx/ phone: (217) 333-1777 email: [email protected] 1 Albert Brisbane. Papers, 1830-1832, 1840-1936. Contents Correspondence, 1840-1936 ...................................................................................................................... 2 1840-1850 ................................................................................................................................................. 2 1867-1869 ................................................................................................................................................. 2 1870-1877 ................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Harbinger Reviews Its Transcendental "Friends": Margaret Fuller, Theodore Parker, and Ralph Waldo Emerson
    Colby Quarterly Volume 17 Issue 2 June Article 4 June 1981 The Harbinger Reviews Its Transcendental "Friends": Margaret Fuller, Theodore Parker, and Ralph Waldo Emerson Sterling F. Delano Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/cq Recommended Citation Colby Library Quarterly, Volume 17, no.2, June 1981, p.74-84 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Colby. It has been accepted for inclusion in Colby Quarterly by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Colby. Delano: The Harbinger Reviews Its Transcendental "Friends": Margaret Full The Harbinger Reviews Its Transcendental "Friends"; Margaret Fuller, Theodore Parker, and Ralph Waldo Emerson by STERLING F. DELANO HEN IN late 1840 Ralph Waldo Emerson refused George Ripley's W request to become a member of Ripley's then nascent Brook Farm community, he made perfectly clear to his fellow transcendentalists what modern students of the movement-and, one feels certain, the transcendentalists themselves-have always known: there never was much unanimity of agreement among the "infidels" who had fallen away in the 1830's from the Unitarian church. This point, of course, had earlier been made-albeit unwittingly-by the outspoken Orestes Brownson, the tough-minded socialist who eventually founded and edit­ ed-among other journals-the Boston Quarterly Review (1838-42). On September 9, 1836, Emerson had published Nature, that essay which drew together and organized for the first time the separate ideas that were then being articulated by such individuals as Ripley and Brownson themselves, as well as by Sampson Reed, Frederic Henry Hedge, and others.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright by Rondel Van Davidson 1970 ^X^''--V
    Copyright by Rondel Van Davidson 1970 ^x^''--V VICTOR CONSIDERANT: FOURIERIST, LEGISLATOR, AND HUMANITARIAN by RONDEL VAN DAVIDSON, B.A., M.A. A DISSERTATION IN HISTORY Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December, 1970 SOI Mo.25 ACKN0V7LEDGMENTS I am deeply indebted to Professor Lowell L. Blaisdell for his direction of this dissertation and to the other members of my committee. Professors Jacquelin Collins, Kenneth Davis, Lawrence Graves, James Harper, and George Robbert, for their helpful criticism. I would also like to thank Professor Louise Robbert of the Department of History at Texas Tech University, Professor Sylvan Dunn, Director of the Southwest Collection at Texas Tech Univer­ sity, and Madam.e Chantal de Tourtier Bonazzi, Chief Archivist at the Archives Nationales, Paris, France, for valuable assistance. Ill CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iii CHAPTER I. BACKGROUI-ro AND EARLY LIFE, I808-I832 . II. THE ENGINEER AS A FLEDGLING IN RADICAL SOCIALIST THEORY, I832-I837 . 25 III. THE RADICAL SOCIALIST AS THEORIST, 57 1837-1848 , 100 IV. THE SOCIALIST AS ACTIVIST, l837-l848 . , V. THE HUMANIST AS POLITICIAN, FEBRUARY 138 1848-NOVEMBER l848 , VI. THE PACIFIST AS REVOLUTIONIST, NOVEMBER 1848-JUNE 1849 , 181 VII. THE EXILE AS OPTIMIST, JULY l849- 222 DECEMBER l854 , 242 VIII. THE OPTIMIST AS DEFEATIST, I855-I869 . , IX. THE FRONTIERSM-AN AS SOCIALIST SAGE, 267 1869-1893 . BIBLIOGRAPHY 288 IV CHAPTER I BACKGROUND AND EARLY LIFE, I808-I832 At noon, on December 28, I893, a funeral proces­ sion made its way down the Avenue de la Bourdonnais in Paris toward the cemetery at Pere-Lachaise.
    [Show full text]
  • Manuscript Collection Inventory Illinois History and Lincoln Collections University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
    IHLC MS 487 Albert Brisbane Papers, 1830-1832, 1840-1936 Manuscript Collection Inventory Illinois History and Lincoln Collections University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Note: Unless otherwise specified, documents and other materials listed on the following pages are available for research at the Illinois Historical and Lincoln Collections, located in the Main Library of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Additional background information about the manuscript collection inventoried is recorded in the Manuscript Collections Database (http://www.library.illinois.edu/ihx/archon/index.php) under the collection title; search by the name listed at the top of the inventory to locate the corresponding collection record in the database. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Illinois History and Lincoln Collections http://www.library.illinois.edu/ihx/ phone: (217) 333-1777 email: [email protected] 1 Albert Brisbane. Papers, 1830-1832, 1840-1936. Contents Correspondence, 1840-1936 ...................................................................................................................... 2 1840-1850 ................................................................................................................................................. 2 1867-1869 ................................................................................................................................................. 2 1870-1877 ................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Utopian Communalism: a Comparison of 19Th and 20Th Century Phenomena in the United States
    Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science Volume 39 Number 1 Article 14 1973 Utopian Communalism: A Comparison of 19th and 20th Century Phenomena in the United States Truman David Wood Mankato State College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/jmas Part of the Political Science Commons, and the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Wood, T. D. (1973). Utopian Communalism: A Comparison of 19th and 20th Century Phenomena in the United States. Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science, Vol. 39 No.1, 27-29. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/jmas/vol39/iss1/14 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Minnesota Morris Digital Well. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science by an authorized editor of University of Minnesota Morris Digital Well. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Utopian Communalism: a comparison of 19th and 20th century phenomena in the United States TRUMAN DAVID WOOD* ABSTRACT - The utopian communal phenomenon has been present in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The longevity of various religious and secular utopian communal experiments is examined in terms of four organizational factors and the twentieth century communes are considered in terms of four ideals. The main stream of American society has assimilated nothing from these utopian communal experiments. The utopian communal phenomenon is not new. It is appear periodically in college newspapers and so-called un­ similar to the nineteenth century phenomenon when Ralph derground newspapers asking those involved in communes to Waldo Emerson wrote to Thomas Carlyle in 1840: "We are please contact the researcher to facilitate the study.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthur E. Bestor Research Collection on Communitarianism, 1937-1962
    IHLC MS 468 Arthur E. Bestor Research Collection on Communitarianism, 1937-1962 Manuscript Collection Inventory Illinois History and Lincoln Collections University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Note: Unless otherwise specified, documents and other materials listed on the following pages are available for research at the Illinois Historical and Lincoln Collections, located in the Main Library of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Additional background information about the manuscript collection inventoried is recorded in the Manuscript Collections Database (http://www.library.illinois.edu/ihx/archon/index.php) under the collection title; search by the name listed at the top of the inventory to locate the corresponding collection record in the database. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Illinois History and Lincoln Collections http://www.library.illinois.edu/ihx/index.html phone: (217) 333-1777 email: [email protected] 1 Bestor, Arthur E. Research Collection on Communitarianism, 1937-1962. Contents PART 1. PICTORIAL MATERIALS .......................................... 2 I. Community Buildings and Sites ................................... 2 II. Views of Ideal Community ........................................ 3 III. Maps .......................................................... 3 IV. Portraits ....................................................... 3 V. Manuscripts ..................................................... 3 VI. Printed Works ................................................... 4 VII. Caricatures
    [Show full text]
  • Horace Greeley and the Rise of the Republican Party
    20 Horace Greeley and the Rise of the Republican Party Harrison Diskin Faculty Advisor: Dr. Katherine Mooney Department of History Abstract: Throughout the period between the Wilmot Proviso of 1846 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, progressive politicians within the Whig Party became increasingly aware of these growing tensions, as northern and southern interests vied for control. Progressive Whigs simply could not remain within their party and retain any prospect of enacting political reform, leading to the development of a new party—indeed the first sectional party to arise in American history—the Republican Party. At the front of this movement for a new political venue were Horace Greeley and his New York Tribune. Greeley’s paper provided a mouthpiece for northern interests, and reflected this nineteenth-century trend of progressives finding themselves in need of a new and better-unified political faction. By studying the factors in Horace Greeley’s life that led him away form the Whigs and in search of this new faction, we provide ourselves a greater understanding of the socio-political forces that caused this larger trend within nineteenth-century American politics and led to the ultimate formation of the Republican Party. n the evening of June 28, 1855, Horace Greeley sat at his desk choosing his words with the utmost care. He was weary from long Ohours spent at the office of hisNew York Tribune, and frustrated with the complacency and indecision exhibited by his remaining compatriots in the Whig Party. He was writing an editorial to be printed the next morning: “By persisting in calling ourselves Whigs…we do but divide our forces of Freedom at the moment of [its] utmost need, and expose her sacred cause to the calamity of utter and enduring defeat.”1 Like a fiery inferno, the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 had reduced America’s political landscape to a wasteland, with the remnants of parties, formerly strong and unified in purpose, scattered among the ash.
    [Show full text]
  • History of Batavia 1801 to 2015
    HISTORY OF BATAVIA 1801 TO 2015 Larry Dana Barnes Batavia City Historian 2015 Dedication This book is dedicated to future Batavians who may read this publication years into the future. May they find it both interesting and useful. Author . Larry Dana Barnes is the current historian for the City of Batavia, New. York, a position . mandated by State law. Bom on October 19, 1940 in Dansville; New York, he grew up in . Jamestown. He is a graduate of Jamestown High School,Jamestown Community College, Harpur College, State University of Iowa, and, most recently, Genesee Community College. The author taught courses in psychology while serving on the faculty of Mohawk Valley Community College in Utica, New York from 1966 to 1968 and then at Genesee Community College from· 1968 until his retirement in 2005. After earning an associate's degree from G.C.C.; he also taught courses in industrial model-making. Although formally educated primarily in the field of psychology, the author had along-term interest in history prior to being appointed as the Batavia City Historian in 2008. In addition to being the City Historian, he has served as President of the landmark Society of Genesee County, is a member of the Batavia Historic Preservation Commission, and works as a volunteer in the Genesee County History Department. He also belongs to the Genesee County Historians . Association, Government Appointed Historians of Western New York, and the Association of Public Historians of New York State. The author is married to. Jerianne Louise Barnes, his wife ofSO years and a retired public school librarian who operated a genealogical research service prior to herretirement.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1: Timeline of Northampton Association Abolitionists
    Appendix 1: Timeline of Northampton Association Abolitionists © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature 223 Switzerland AG 2021 A. Hart, Fourierist Communities of Reform, Palgrave Studies in Utopianism, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68356-6 …APPENDIX 1: TIMELINE OF NORTHAMPTON ASSOCIATION 224 Northampton Association Jonathan Walker Sojourner Truth Olive Gilbert Late 1845: Arrived at 1844: Arrived at the Late 1845: Arrived at the theNorthampton Northampton Northampton Association Association Association 1846-1850: transcribed 1846-1852: Lectured 1846-1857: Lectured Truth’s autobiography, across the country across the country spending time in between visits with Truth to return 1852: Moved to 1857: Sold to Brooklyn and visit her Wisconsin Northampton home and brother in Kentucky movedto the Harmonia 1863-64: Moved to community in Michigan After 1850: Travelled to Michigan live with various family 1860: Left Harmonia 1864: assisted ex- members, primarily and movedto Battle slaves at Fort Monroe between Brooklyn and Creek, Michigan in Virginia Northampton 1864-1865: Worked at 1878: Diedin 1876: Wrote to William the Freedmen’s Aid Michigan Lloyd Garrison from Society in Virginia Vineland, New Jersey 1883: Died in Michigan 1884: Died in Connecticut BIbLIOGRaPHY ARCHIVaL COLLECTIONS A. J. Macdonald Writings on American Utopian Communities, General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. Abernethy Manuscript Miscellany Collection, Middlebury College Special Collections & Archives Repository (ABER MS MISC). Angelique Le Petit Martin Papers, Marietta College Archives. Baker-Busey-Dunlap Family Papers, Illinois History and Lincoln Collections, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (BBDFP). Benjamin Sheldon Papers, Oshkosh Area Research Center. Blackwell Family Papers, Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University (BFP).
    [Show full text]