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AS WE RECALL the Growth of Agricultural Estimates^ 1933-1961 L M Brooks
^t^f.t.i^A^( fk^^^ /^v..<. S AS WE RECALL The Growth of Agricultural Estimates^ 1933-1961 L M Brooks Statistical Reporting s Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Washington, D.C As We Recall, THE GROWTH OF AGRICULTURAL ESTIMATES, 1933-1961 U.S. OEPÎ. or AGRlCUtTURE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL UBRARY OECIT CATALOGmC PREP E. M. Brooks, Statistical Reporting Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture 1977 I FOREWORD The Statistical Reporting Service, as with any organization, needs to know its past to understand the present and appraise the future. Accordingly, our technical procedures are peri- ^odically set forth in ''Scope and Methods of the Statistical Reporting Service," and the agency's early development and program expansion were presented in "The Story of Agricultural Estimates." However, most important are the people who de- veloped this complex and efficient statistical service for agriculture and those who maintain and expand it today. Dr. Harry C. Trelogan, SRS Administrator, 1961-1975, arranged for Emerson M. Brooks to prepare this informal account of some of the people who steered SRS's course from 1933 to 1961. The series of biographical sketches selected by the author are representative of the people who helped develop the per- sonality of SRS and provide the talent to meet challenges for accurate and timely agricultural information. This narrative touching the critical issues of that period and the way they'^ were resolved adds to our understanding of the agency and helps maintain the esprit de corps that has strengthened our work since it started in 1862. Our history provides us some valuable lessons, for "those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it." W. -
WHAT IS a FARM? AGRICULTURE, DISCOURSE, and PRODUCING LANDSCAPES in ST ELIZABETH, JAMAICA by Gary R. Schnakenberg a DISSERTATION
WHAT IS A FARM? AGRICULTURE, DISCOURSE, AND PRODUCING LANDSCAPES IN ST ELIZABETH, JAMAICA By Gary R. Schnakenberg A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Geography – Doctor of Philosophy 2013 ABSTRACT WHAT IS A FARM? AGRICULTURE, DISCOURSE, AND PRODUCING LANDSCAPES IN ST. ELIZABETH, JAMAICA By Gary R. Schnakenberg This dissertation research examined the operation of discourses associated with contemporary globalization in producing the agricultural landscape of an area of rural Jamaica. Subject to European colonial domination from the time of Columbus until the 1960s and then as a small island state in an unevenly globalizing world, Jamaica has long been subject to operations of unequal power relationships. Its history as a sugar colony based upon chattel slavery shaped aspects of the society that emerged, and left imprints on the ethnic makeup of the population, orientation of its economy, and beliefs, values, and attitudes of Jamaican people. Many of these are smallholder agriculturalists, a livelihood strategy common in former colonial places. Often ideas, notions, and practices about how farms and farming ‘ought-to-be’ in such places results from the operations and workings of discourse. As advanced by Foucault, ‘discourse’ refers to meanings and knowledge circulated among people and results in practices that in turn produce and re-produce those meanings and knowledge. Discourses define what is right, correct, can be known, and produce ‘the world as it is.’ They also have material effects, in that what it means ‘to farm’ results in a landscape that emerges from those meanings. In Jamaica, meanings of ‘farms’ and ‘farming’ have been shaped by discursive elements of contemporary globalization such as modernity, competition, and individualism. -
SWP Quick Facts the Nation's Breadbasket from Farm to Table
The State Water Project Supports One of California’s Largest Industries: Agriculture The State Water Project (SWP) provides clean, reliable water to support California’s agricultural production – one of the state’s largest and most important industries: • $54 billion in revenue • $100 billion in related economic activity • 422,000+ direct agriculture jobs • 76,400 farms and ranches The Nation’s Breadbasket SWP Quick Facts • $21.02 billion in total agricultural exports • Serves 27 million Californians • 13% of the nation’s total agriculture value • Irrigates 750,000 acres of farmland across the state • 40% of the nation’s organic production • Provides 3/4 of California’s disadvantaged communities with some or all of their water supplies • 400+ commodities • Made up of 34 storage facilities, reservoirs, lakes and 701 • 33%+ of the nation’s vegetables miles of open canals and pipelines • 67% of the nation’s fruits and nuts • Carries water from the Sierra Nevada mountains, through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, to communities throughout the state from the Bay Area to San Diego California’s top commodities for • Without the SWP, California would need to replace up to 2018-2019: 4.2 million acre-feet of high-quality water annually to meet state demand Dairy Products, Milk — $7.34 billion, 18.1% Almonds — $6.09 billion, 100% From Farm to Table The agriculture industry goes beyond farms to support jobs in Grapes — $5.41 billion, 94.6% restaurants, grocery stores and more: Cattle and Calves — $3.06 billion, 4.6% Strawberries — $2.22 billion, 87.9% 2.8+ million $119.30 billion jobs in wages Pistachios — $1.94 billion, 100% Lettuce — $1.82 billion, 52.3% Walnuts — $1.29 billion, 100% Floriculture — $1.22 billion, 25.5% $369.19 billion in $25.42 billion in direct output exports Tomatoes — $1.17 billion, 73.4% *Percentages reflect California’s share of total U.S. -
The Rise of Dairy Farming
The Rise of Dairy Farming Wheat was the earliest and most important cash crop for white settlers in Wisconsin. It required a small initial capital investment and was fairly easy to grow, allowing farmers to harvest two crops a year. The high rate of financial return made wheat an especially attractive crop for homesteaders during the middle of the 19th century. Wheat provided a way for new immigrants in Wisconsin to farm cheaply and to deliver a product that many people needed. From 1840 to 1880, Wisconsin was considered "America's breadbasket" because one-sixth of the wheat grown in the nation came from Wisconsin. The early success of wheat farming helped Wisconsin's agriculture develop more rapidly than it did in other states. Despite its appeal, wheat also had risks and disadvantages. It was hard on the soil, which it quickly depleted of nitrogen. Depending on the vagaries of the weather and insect infestation, yield could vary substantially from year to year. By the late 1850s, the price of wheat began to drop as Wisconsin yields and quality diminished and competition increased from farmers in Iowa and Minnesota. Disaster struck in the 1860s, when tiny insects known as chinch bugs began devouring Wisconsin wheat crops. To meet these challenges, farmers began experimenting with a variety of alternatives to wheat. Feed crops, rather than cash crops, were better suited to Wisconsin's soil and climate, and came to characterize the state's agriculture in the late nineteenth century. Charles Rockwell was one of the earliest cheese makers in Wisconsin, beginning production at Koshkonong, near Fort Atkinson in Jefferson County, in 1837. -
Permaculture in the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria: Ecology As a Pillar in the Construction of an Alternative Political Society in Rojava
Permaculture in the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria: Ecology as a pillar in the construction of an alternative political society in Rojava Marcus P. Lomax Student Number: S192665 [email protected] Supervisor: Heba Taha Introduction My research will aim to address the following research question: what role does permaculture play in Rojava and what implications does it have for Kurdish nation-building in northern Syria? The Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, also known as Rojava, is a majority Kurdish region located in Northern Syria. The Syrian uprising in 2011 and the subsequent political unrest that ensued, eventually turning into a civil war, offered the Kurds in Northern Syria with a political opportunity for self-rule. The Kurds in Northern Syria exploited Syria’s fragility, and the Syrian government’s preoccupation with rebel forces and later on Islamic State fighters, to carve out a part of Syria for themselves. The distracted Syrian government, having to ‘divert its attention elsewhere in the country, especially to Damascus’ (Van Wilgenburg, 2016) and the relative geographical isolation provided the Kurds with fertile ground to bring about autonomous rule for the Kurds in Northern Syria. The Syrian opposition represented by the Syrian National coalition and the Islamic state represented a far greater threat to the Syrian government and its leader Bashar al Assad than did the burgeoning Kurdish region that was located far from Syria’s capital and centre of political power – Damascus. The Kurds wanted autonomy. A loose coalition of the opposition coalesced and formed the Free Syrian Army in order to overthrow Bashar al Assad (Holliday, 2012). -
Expanding Cashew Nut Exporting from Ghana's Breadbasket
Int. Jrnl. of Soc. of Agr. & Food, 2019, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 152-172 Expanding Cashew Nut Exporting from Ghana’s Breadbasket: A Political Ecology of Changing Land Access and Use, and Impacts for Local Food Systems Paper first received 5 April 2019; Accepted: 27 June 2019; Published in final form 4 September 2019 1, a 2 JAMES BOAFO AND KRISTEN LYONS Abstract. The Brong Ahafo region supplies most of Ghana’s staple foods and is often described as the ‘breadbasket’ of Ghana. Despite the important role of this region in the provision of local food, farmers are shifting towards the cultivation of cashew nuts for export. The increasing production of cashew for export is driven by multiple factors across scale; including historical legacy of export-led agriculture, increasing global demand for cashew nuts, and a number of local level socio-cultural factors. While farmers may benefit from cashew production, the conversion of land into production of cashew poses local level socio-cultural and economic challenges. In this paper, we adopt a critical perspective through the lens of political ecology to demonstrate how the transition towards the production of cashew is driving land accumulation, social differentiation, alongside a decline in access to land for local food provisioning. Through the use of a range of qualitative methods, including interviews, focus group discussions, observation and policy document analysis, this paper reports on in-depth data collected from cashew farmers and local agricultural actors in the Brong Ahafo region. Findings demonstrate that cashew production is transforming land tenure relations through individualisation, alongside the acquisition of communal land for cashew cultivation. -
Rollout Qualifications
Rollout Qualifications 2021 CONTENTS FIRM PROFILE CLIENT LIST RELEVANT EXPERIENCE TEAM Architecture FIRM PROFILE Planning Who We Are Interiors RDC is an award winning architectural firm, with over 40 years of experience. We are a full-service architecture practice, with experience in conceptual design, entitlement, site planning, and all stages of construction documentation and construction administration. Sustainability Our depth and excellence in architecture allows us to take a comprehensive approach when designing spaces. Our history of successful design, client relationships and exquisite architecture proves us as forerunners in our field, leading the industry in designing retail, mixed use, hospitality, and Development entertainment venues. Services RDC’s collaborative practice of architecture, planning and interior design creatively meets the diverse needs of a variety of projects. We work to develop creative solutions that are both functional and cost effective while Store Nationwide Offices taking into consideration the goals of the client, surrounding communities Planning and emerging online ordering, pick-up and delivery trends. Our practice encompasses many different scales, from small store planning, prototype design and rollout, to large master plans and everything in between. 6 Procurement Geographic Reach and National Bandwidth RDC’s 180-member professional team works across a flexible structure that Retail can expand and contract according to our clients’ workloads and needs. All 5 of our offices are aligned with the same -
Nationalism, Empire and the Triumph of Canadian Wheat, 1890-1940 Nicholas Tošaj
Document generated on 09/25/2021 11:39 a.m. Journal of the Canadian Historical Association Revue de la Société historique du Canada Weaving the Imperial Breadbasket: Nationalism, Empire and the Triumph of Canadian Wheat, 1890-1940 Nicholas Tošaj Volume 28, Number 1, 2017 Article abstract Canadian wheat has occupied a prominent place in the global market since the URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1050901ar late 19th century. Ideal for bread-baking, the high-protein wheat grown on the DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1050901ar Canadian prairies was a highly valued export. The efforts undertaken to adapt wheat to Canadian agriculture, and the subsequent success of Canada’s wheat See table of contents export market, contributed to building Canadian nationhood both at home and abroad. The prominence of Canadian wheat is a testament to the success of imperial agricultural developments and the connections woven by empires. Publisher(s) Britain’s creation of an agricultural hinterland within Canada through the expansion of its empire’s food supply defined how a new nation emerged through The Canadian Historical Association / La Société historique du Canada an old-world dependency on wheat. The wheat produced by Canadian farmers flowed into both the British and French empires, filling crucial roles throughout ISSN each of these imperial structures. Divergent reactions to these imports speak to wheat’s importance both as a staple foodstuff and a bearer of cultural 0847-4478 (print) significance. 1712-6274 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this article Tošaj, N. (2017). Weaving the Imperial Breadbasket: Nationalism, Empire and the Triumph of Canadian Wheat, 1890-1940. -
Canyon Charter Enforces Enrollment Rules
20 Pages Thursday, May 30, 2019 ◆ Pacific Palisades, California $1.50 Sunny Days Ahead After Memorial Day Rains Wildfire Safety Advisor By JAMES GAGE Reporter Shares Tips at PPCC Meeting fter a stormy Memorial Day weekend, sum- mer sun has finally arrived in Pacific Pali- By SARAH SHMERLING Asades. Weeks of overcast, gusty weather and tem- Editor-in-Chief peratures in the mid to low 60s are being cleared away by sunny, blue skies and temperatures with acific Palisades Community highs in the low to mid 70s. PCouncil Wildfire Safety Ad- Storms last week closed Los Angeles beaches visor Mariam Schulman shared up and down the coast from El Segundo to Mali- some good news and bad news bu, with rare displays of thunder and lightning on with the board at its most recent the afternoon of Wednesday, May 22, prompting meeting Thursday, May 23. lightning advisories and requests to shelter in- “When there is a wildfire, one doors from LA County Lifeguards. of the things that we know for a “We received .19 inches of rain on May 22,” fact now is there are not enough resident rain expert Craig Weston told the Palisa- resources,” Schulman warned. dian-Post. “We then received .03 inches on May “There aren’t enough fire engines, 26, bringing the May total to 1.60 inches and the there aren’t enough helicopters, yearly total to 25.15 inches, with totals running there aren’t enough planes. And from July 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019.” even if there were, there are areas “We are probably over the stormy weather,” that they cannot get to.” added meteorologist Jay Rosenthal. -
Grain, Warfare, and the Persistence of the British Atlantic Economy, 1765-1815
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fogler Library Summer 8-23-2019 Feeding the Empire: Grain, Warfare, and the Persistence of the British Atlantic Economy, 1765-1815 Patrick Callaway University of Maine, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd Recommended Citation Callaway, Patrick, "Feeding the Empire: Grain, Warfare, and the Persistence of the British Atlantic Economy, 1765-1815" (2019). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3092. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3092 This Open-Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FEEDING THE EMPIRE: GRAIN, WARFARE, AND THE PERSISTENCE OF THE BRITISH ATLANTIC ECONOMY, 1765-1815 By Patrick Callaway B.A. University of Montana-Western, 2004 B.S. University of Montana-Western, 2005 M.A. Montana State University, 2008 A DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (in History) The Graduate School The University of Maine August 2019 Advisory Committee: Liam Riordan, Professor of History, Advisor Jacques Ferland, Associate Professor of History Stephen Hornsby, Professor of Geography and Canadian Studies Stephen Miller, Professor of History Scott See, Professor of History Copyright 2019, Patrick Callaway All Rights Reserved ii FEEDING THE EMPIRE: GRAIN, WARFARE, AND THE PERSISTANCE OF THE BRITISH ATALNTIC ECONOMY, 1765-1815 By Patrick Callaway Dissertation Advisor: Dr. Liam Riordan An Abstract of the Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History August 2019 The importance of staple agriculture in the development of the modern world can hardly be overstated. -
Erewhon Market Files Palisades Paperwork the Documents Confirm Plans to Expand to Pacific Palisades
22 Pages Thursday, March 14, 2019 ◆ Pacific Palisades, California $1.50 Parents’ Night Out Erewhon Market Files Palisades Paperwork The Documents Confirm Plans to Expand to Pacific Palisades By CHRISTIAN MONTERROSA Reporter umors turned into reality last Friday, March 8, after Tony RAntoci, owner of Erewhon Mar- kets, filed paperwork with the California Secretary of State for his latest expansion “Nowhere Pal- isades LLC”—all but confirming whispers that Vintage Grocers will be taken over six months after its grand opening. The filing follows the com- pany’s common practice of estab- lishing LLCs under the name “No- where” followed by the city where Erewhon Markets are opened shortly after, with “Nowhere Sil- ver Lake” being the most recent. But both Vintage Grocers and Parents of Marquez Charter Elementary School celebrate good cheer, food, dancing and Erewhon Market do not appear fundraising at the Friends of Marquez annual gala on Saturday, March 9, at The Buffalo Club ready to announce the decision, keeping employees in the dark in Santa Monica. For the full story and more photos, see Page 4. Rich Schmitt/Staff Photographer and declining multiple requests for comment. Several employees said they have not yet been notified of a change and had only heard rumors, as some expect they will have to Uptick in Stolen Vehicles reapply for their jobs. Tom Wong, chief financial of- Keys Found in All Eight Recovered Cars ficer for Erewhon Markets, did not deny the arrival of the popular or- By SARAH SHMERLING “If not, they move on the doesn’t work with Ford or Mer- ganic market to the Palisades, and Editor-in-Chief next car,” he said. -
Understanding Changing Land Access and Use by the Rural Poor in Ghana
Understanding changing land access and use by the rural poor in Ghana John Tiah Bugri and Eric Yeboah A study of changing land access in sub-Saharan Africa This report is part of a wider study to improve understanding of changing land access and use in sub-Saharan Africa. The study draws on case study research and literature from Ghana, Mozambique, Senegal and Uganda. A synthesis report and briefing are also available, alongside complementary reports and briefings from each of the four countries. These are listed below with hyperlinks where available. The country reports will all be available at www.iied.org/pubs once published. Synthesis report and briefing Knapman, C, Silici, L, Cotula, L and Mayers, J (2017) Africa’s farmland in changing hands: A review of literature and case studies from sub-Saharan Africa. Research Report. IIED, London. http://pubs.iied.org/17598IIED Mayers, J, Knapman, C, Silici, L and Cotula, L (2017) Access to farmland gets quick and dirty in sub-Saharan Africa. Briefing. IIED, London. http://pubs.iied.org/17399IIED Also available in French and Portuguese. Country briefings Bugri, JT, Yeboah, E and Knapman, C (2017) Shifts in the landscape: increased pressure on rural land and livelihoods in Ghana. Briefing. IIED, London. http://pubs.iied.org/17355IIED Filipe, E and Norfolk, S (2017) Changing landscapes in Mozambique: why pro-poor land policy matters. Briefing. IIED, London. http://pubs.iied.org/17356IIED Also available in Portuguese. Niang, A and Knapman, C (2017) Land access for Senegal’s small producers under threat. Briefing. IIED, London. http://pubs.iied.org/17375IIED Also available in French.