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For Home and Country University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln University of Nebraska Press -- Sample Books and Chapters University of Nebraska Press Spring 2010 For Home and Country Celai Malone Kingsbury Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/unpresssamples Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Kingsbury, Celai Malone, "For Home and Country" (2010). University of Nebraska Press -- Sample Books and Chapters. 91. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/unpresssamples/91 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Nebraska Press at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Nebraska Press -- Sample Books and Chapters by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. FOR HOME AND COUNTRY Buy the Book Studies in War, Society, and the Military GENERAL EDITORS Peter Maslowski University of Nebraska–Lincoln David Graff Kansas State University Reina Pennington Norwich University EDITORIAL BOARD D’Ann Campbell Director of Government and Foundation Relations, U.S. Coast Guard Foundation Mark A. Clodfelter National War College Brooks D. Simpson Arizona State University Roger J. Spiller George C. Marshall Professor of Military History U.S. Army Command and General Staff College (retired) Timothy H. E. Travers University of Calgary Arthur Waldron Lauder Professor of International Relations University of Pennsylvania Buy the Book For Home and Country World War I Propaganda on the Home Front CELIA MALONE KINGSBURY University of Nebraska Press | Lincoln & London Buy the Book © 2010 by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska Portions of chapter 1 were originally published as “‘In Close Touch with Her Government’: Women and the Domestic Science Movement in World War One Propaganda,” in The Recipe Reader: The Recipe and Its Cultural Contexts, ed. Janet Floyd and Laurel Forster, 88–101 (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003), used by permission of the publisher, copyright © 2003 by Celia M. Kingsbury; and “‘Food Will Win the War’: Food and Social Control in World War I Propaganda,” in Edible Ideologies: Representing Food and Meaning, ed. Kathleen LeBesco and Peter Naccarato, 45–64 (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2008), used by permission of the publisher, copyright © 2008 by suny Press. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. ∞ Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication Data Kingsbury, Celia Malone. For home and country : World War I propaganda on the home front / Celia Malone Kingsbury. p. cm. — (Studies in war, society, and the military) Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8032-2474-2 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. World War, 1914–1918—Propaganda. 2. World War, 1914–1918—United States. 3. Propaganda, American. 4. Popular culture— United States—History—20th century. 5. World War, 1914–1918—Social aspects. 6. World War, 1914–1918—Psychological aspects. 7. Persuasion (Psychology). I. Title. d639.p7u63 2010 940.4'88—dc22 2009047702 Set in Iowan Old Style by Bob Reitz. Buy the Book For Chuck Buy the Book Buy the Book CONTENTS List of Illustrations. viii Acknowledgments . xi Introduction . 1 1. Food Will Win the War: Domestic Science and the Royal Society . .27 2. “One Hundred Percent”: War Service and Women’s Fiction . .66 3. vads and Khaki Girls: The Ultimate Reward for War Service . 105 4. “Learning to Hate the German Beast”: Children as War Mongers . 169 5. The Hun Is at the Gate: Protecting the Innocents . 218 Conclusion: Learning to Love Big Brother—or Not. .262 Notes . 271 Bibliography . .289 Index. 301 Buy the Book ILLUSTRATIONS All illustrations are from the author’s collection. 1. “Sow the Seeds of Victory,” James Montgomery Flagg. .7 2. “Keep the Hun Out,” Billy Ireland . 11 3. “For Home and Country,” Alfred Everitt Orr . 25 4. United States Food Administration uniform . .34 5. “The Salvation Army Lassie,” anonymous . .44 6. “Sugar Means Ships,” Ernest Fuhr . .47 7. “Are you a Victory Canner?” Leonebel Jacobs . .48 8. “Can Vegetables, Fruit, and the Kaiser too” . .50 9. “She Helps Her Boy to Victory,” anonymous . 56 10. “Women of Britain Say—go!” E. V. Kealey . 81 11. “I Want you for the Navy,” Howard Chandler Christy. .89 12. Edith Cavell’s burial site . 107 13. “L’assassinio di Miss Cavell Inspira la ‘Kultur,’” T. Corbella . 108 14. Edith Cavell’s victory over death, T. Corbella. 109 15. “We Need You,” Albert Sterner. .111 16. Valerie Duval shoots a German soldier. 145 17. Black Cat Cigarette cards, nos. 1 and 13. .156–57 18. Black Cat Cigarette cards, nos. 32 and 43 . .158–59 19. Black Cat Cigarette cards, nos. 26 and 24 . 160–61 20. Black Cat Cigarette postcard . 163 Buy the Book 21. “Follow the Pied Piper,” Macinel Wright Enright . 170 22. The Kaiser as monster, James Montgomery Flagg . 173 23. Davy and Dorfy with their animal friends . 178 24. Lady Liberty’s torch . 180 25. “Oh please do! Daddy, Buy Me a Victory Bond,” Joseph Ernest Samson . 186 26. “My Daddy Bought Me a Government Bond,” anonymous . 187 27. “Our Daddy is fi ghting at the Front for You,” Dewey . 188 28. “Boys and Girls! You can help your Uncle Sam Win the War,” James Montgomery Flagg. 189 29. “Save your Child from Autocracy and Poverty,” Herbert Paus. 190 30. Storefront tea party. 192 31. “Little Americans Do Your Bit,” Cushman Parker . 193 32. Soldier Bob, Florence Notter . 197 33. Sheet music for “There’s Nobody Home but Me” . 198 34. “Fold-A-Way War Nurses” paper dolls . 200–201 35. Dog saluting from Les Soldats de la Grande Guerre, Niké. 205 36. French postcard of defecating child . .207 37. Postcard of a child soldier . .208 38. Postcard of German child soldier and his girlfriend . 210 39. Impaled sausage from Ten Little Sausages . 213 40. Sliced sausage from Ten Little Sausages . 214 41. Back cover of Ten Little Sausages . 215 42. “Hun or Home?” Henry Patrick Raleigh . 221 43. “Hunger,” Henry Patrick Raleigh . 222 44. “Don’t waste food while others starve!” L. C. Clinker and M. J. Dwyer . 223 45. “When You Fire Remember This,” W. A. Rogers . .230 Buy the Book 46. Edith Cavell . 233 47. Sheet music for “Are You Half the Man Your Mother Thought You’d Be?” . .248 48. Sheet music for “I’d Be Proud to Be the Mother of a Soldier” . .249 49. Sheet music for “Britannia Needs You Like a Mother” . 252 50. Sheet music for “That Family Called the U.S.A.”. 254 51. Cream of Wheat advertisement. 258 52. Today’s Housewife, cover illustration. 259 Buy the Book ACKNOWLEDGMENTS From a long list of friends and colleagues who have provided moral support as I completed this project, I would like to thank my department chair, Don Melichar, for his unfl agging encour- agement, and Dennis Muchisky for his support as well as his abiding interest in World War I. Also special thanks to Mary Hallab, Kevin Prufer, Sheryl Craig, Kathy Leicht, and Wayne Miller for asking the right questions and listening with grace to what must have been tedious answers. I am especially indebted to Gail Crump for writing letters in support of release time to work on this and other projects and to my former chair, Cher- yl Eason, for endorsing my applications. I would also like to ex- press my gratitude to the College of Arts, Humanities, and So- cial Sciences for granting that release time. To Lisa Schmidt at the University of Central Missouri’s Academic Media Services go huge thanks for helping get my illustrations in order. Additionally, thanks to Steve Trout for calling me several years ago to ask me to contribute an article to volume 6 of Cath- er Studies. Working with Steve and the University of Nebraska Press on that volume encouraged me to return to Nebraska with this book project. I am grateful to my editors, Heather Lundine and Bridget Barry, for responding to numerous questions, and to my anonymous readers for helping make this book the best it can be. Last but by no means least, thanks go to my husband, Chuck Martin, whose patience and love is limitless and whose editing indispensable. I couldn’t have done it without you. Buy the Book Buy the Book FOR HOME AND COUNTRY Buy the Book Buy the Book Introduction As a child of the sixties, I cut my philosophical eye teeth, as it were, on the lyrics of Bob Dylan. He expressed exactly my dissatisfaction with the culture of the Eisenhower fi fties, still very much intact in small-town America of the sixties. While the Cuban Missile Crisis taught us to live for the moment, Viet- nam offered more complicated lessons concerning the overlap of political strategy and strategy on the front lines. In 1965, the year T. S. Eliot died, Dylan released a sort of kitchen sink protest song that lambasted everything from war to materialism to the ubiquitous issue of middle-class morality. Aside from being the source of one of Jimmy Carter’s favorite aphorisms—“He not being born / Is busy dying”—Dylan’s “It’s Alright, Ma (I’m Only Bleeding)” raises another issue, that of propaganda. Dylan cites propaganda along with hypocritical morality and greed: Old lady judges . push fake morals, insult and stare While money doesn’t talk it swears Obscenity, who really cares Propaganda, all is phony.1 In Dylan’s view, propaganda includes everything promoting that vacuous fi fties way of life, from advertising to tv sitcoms. Since Dylan whacked the establishment, other rock groups have used the subject of propaganda as a way of rejecting whatever Buy the Book happen to be current political trends. Green Day’s “American Idiot,” for instance, attacks contemporary militarism and, their word, paranoia.
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