Therapeutic Effects of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipids Mediators On
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Characterization of Efferosome Maturation and the Processing of Apoptotic Bodies
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 8-15-2014 12:00 AM Characterization of Efferosome Maturation and the Processing of Apoptotic Bodies Yohan Kim The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Bryan Heit The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Microbiology and Immunology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Science © Yohan Kim 2014 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Cell Biology Commons, Immunity Commons, and the Other Immunology and Infectious Disease Commons Recommended Citation Kim, Yohan, "Characterization of Efferosome Maturation and the Processing of Apoptotic Bodies" (2014). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 2268. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/2268 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHARACTERIZATION OF EFFEROSOME MATURATION AND THE PROCESSING OF APOPTOTIC BODIES (Thesis format: Monologue) by Yohan Kim Graduate Program in Microbiology and Immunology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada © Yohan Kim 2014 Abstract Every day billions of cells in our bodies undergo apoptosis and are cleared through efferocytosis – a phagocytosis-like process in which phagocytes engulf and degrade apoptotic cells. Proper processing of efferosomes prevents inflammation and immunogenic presentation of antigens. -
Non-Cyclooxygenase-Derived Prostanoids (F2-Isoprostanes) Are Formed in Situ on Phospholipids (Eicosanoids/Lipids/Oxidative Stress/Peroxidation/Free Radicals) JASON D
Proc. Nail. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 89, pp. 10721-10725, November 1992 Pharmacology Non-cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids (F2-isoprostanes) are formed in situ on phospholipids (eicosanoids/lipids/oxidative stress/peroxidation/free radicals) JASON D. MORROW, JOSEPH A. AWAD, HOLLIS J. BOSS, IAN A. BLAIR, AND L. JACKSON ROBERTS II* Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232.6602 Communicated by Philip Needleman, July 21, 1992 (receivedfor review March 11, 1992) ABSTRACT We recently reported the discovery ofa series the formation ofthese prostanoids occurs independent ofthe of bioactive prostaglandin F2-like compounds (F2-isoprostanes) catalytic activity of the cyclooxygenase enzyme, which had that are produced in vivo by free radical-catalyzed peroxidation been considered obligatory for endogenous prostanoid bio- ofarachidonic acid independent ofthe cyclooxygenase enzyme. synthesis. Circulating levels ofthese compounds were shown Inasmuch as phospholipids readily undergo peroxidation, we to increase dramatically in animal models of free radical examined the possibility that F2-isoprostanes may be formed in injury (8). Interestingly, the levels of these prostanoids in situ on phospholipids. Initial support for this hypothesis was normal human plasma and urine are one or two orders of obtained by the rmding that levels of free F2-isoprostanes magnitude higher than those of prostaglandins produced by measured after hydrolysis oflipids extracted from livers ofrats the cyclooxygenase enzyme. Formation ofthese compounds treated with CCI4 to induce lipid peroxidation were more than proceeds through intermediates composed of four positional 100-fold higher than levels in untreated animal. Further, peroxyl radical isomers of arachidonic acid which undergo increased levels of lipid-associated F2-isoprostanes in livers of endocyclization to yield bicyclic endoperoxide PGG2-like CCI4-treated rats preceded the appearance of free compounds compounds. -
Neuroprotection by Glial Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Is Mediated by Transforming Growth Factor-
The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 1998, 18(23):9594–9600 Neuroprotection by Glial Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Is Mediated by Transforming Growth Factor-b V. Bruno,1 G. Battaglia,1 G. Casabona,1 A. Copani,2 F. Caciagli,3 and F. Nicoletti1,2 1Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy, 2Institute of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy, and 3Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Chieti, 66013 Chieti, Italy The medium collected from cultured astrocytes transiently ex- protective activity of DCG-IV or 4C3HPG, as well as the activity posed to the group-II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor of GM/DCG-IV or GM/4C3HPG; and (3) a transient exposure of 9 9 9 agonists (2S ,1 R ,2 R ,3 R )-2-(2,3-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine cultured astrocytes to either DCG-IV or 4C3HPG led to a de- (DCG-IV) or (S)-4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine (4C3HPG) layed increase in both intracellular and extracellular levels of is neuroprotective when transferred to mixed cortical cultures TGFb. We therefore conclude that a transient activation of challenged with NMDA (Bruno et al., 1997). The following data group-II mGlu receptors (presumably mGlu3 receptors) in as- indicate that this particular form of neuroprotection is mediated trocytes leads to an increased formation and release of TGFb, by transforming growth factor-b (TGFb). (1) TGFb1 and -b2 which in turn protects neighbor neurons against excitotoxic were highly neuroprotective against NMDA toxicity, and their death. These results offer a new strategy for increasing the local action was less than additive with that produced by the medium production of neuroprotective factors in the CNS. -
Eicosanoids in Carcinogenesis
4open 2019, 2,9 © B.L.D.M. Brücher and I.S. Jamall, Published by EDP Sciences 2019 https://doi.org/10.1051/fopen/2018008 Special issue: Disruption of homeostasis-induced signaling and crosstalk in the carcinogenesis paradigm “Epistemology of the origin of cancer” Available online at: Guest Editor: Obul R. Bandapalli www.4open-sciences.org REVIEW ARTICLE Eicosanoids in carcinogenesis Björn L.D.M. Brücher1,2,3,*, Ijaz S. Jamall1,2,4 1 Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Germany, USA 2 INCORE, International Consortium of Research Excellence of the Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Germany, USA 3 Department of Surgery, Carl-Thiem-Klinikum, Cottbus, Germany 4 Risk-Based Decisions Inc., Sacramento, CA, USA Received 21 March 2018, Accepted 16 December 2018 Abstract- - Inflammation is the body’s reaction to pathogenic (biological or chemical) stimuli and covers a burgeoning list of compounds and pathways that act in concert to maintain the health of the organism. Eicosanoids and related fatty acid derivatives can be formed from arachidonic acid and other polyenoic fatty acids via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways generating a variety of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, lipoxins, resolvins and others. The cytochrome P450 pathway leads to the formation of hydroxy fatty acids, such as 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and epoxy eicosanoids. Free radical reactions induced by reactive oxygen and/or nitrogen free radical species lead to oxygenated lipids such as isoprostanes or isolevuglandins which also exhibit pro-inflammatory activities. Eicosanoids and their metabolites play fundamental endocrine, autocrine and paracrine roles in both physiological and pathological signaling in various diseases. These molecules induce various unsaturated fatty acid dependent signaling pathways that influence crosstalk, alter cell–cell interactions, and result in a wide spectrum of cellular dysfunctions including those of the tissue microenvironment. -
Fatty Acid Diets: Regulation of Gut Microbiota Composition and Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Dysbiosis
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Fatty Acid Diets: Regulation of Gut Microbiota Composition and Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Dysbiosis David Johane Machate 1, Priscila Silva Figueiredo 2 , Gabriela Marcelino 2 , Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães 2,*, Priscila Aiko Hiane 2 , Danielle Bogo 2, Verônica Assalin Zorgetto Pinheiro 2, Lincoln Carlos Silva de Oliveira 3 and Arnildo Pott 1 1 Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil; [email protected] (D.J.M.); [email protected] (A.P.) 2 Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil; pri.fi[email protected] (P.S.F.); [email protected] (G.M.); [email protected] (P.A.H.); [email protected] (D.B.); [email protected] (V.A.Z.P.) 3 Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79079-900, Brazil; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-67-3345-7416 Received: 9 March 2020; Accepted: 27 March 2020; Published: 8 June 2020 Abstract: Long-term high-fat dietary intake plays a crucial role in the composition of gut microbiota in animal models and human subjects, which affect directly short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and host health. This review aims to highlight the interplay of fatty acid (FA) intake and gut microbiota composition and its interaction with hosts in health promotion and obesity prevention and its related metabolic dysbiosis. -
Chemical Compositional Changes in Over-Oxidized Fish Oils
foods Article Chemical Compositional Changes in Over-Oxidized Fish Oils 1, 2, 3 3 Austin S. Phung y, Gerard Bannenberg * , Claire Vigor , Guillaume Reversat , Camille Oger 3 , Martin Roumain 4 , Jean-Marie Galano 3, Thierry Durand 3, 4 2, 5, Giulio G. Muccioli , Adam Ismail z and Selina C. Wang * 1 Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; [email protected] 2 Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3s (GOED), Salt Lake City, UT 84105, USA; [email protected] 3 Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; [email protected] (C.V.); [email protected] (G.R.); [email protected] (C.O.); [email protected] (J.-M.G.); [email protected] (T.D.) 4 Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; [email protected] (M.R.); [email protected] (G.G.M.) 5 Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (G.B.); [email protected] (S.C.W.) Present address: Visby Medical Inc., 3010 N. First Street, San Jose, CA 95134, USA. y Present address: KD Pharma, Am Kraftwerk 6, D 66450 Bexbach, Germany. z Received: 16 September 2020; Accepted: 16 October 2020; Published: 20 October 2020 Abstract: A recent study has reported that the administration during gestation of a highly rancid hoki liver oil, obtained by oxidation through sustained exposure to oxygen gas and incident light for 30 days, causes newborn mortality in rats. -
Epigenetic Regulations of Ahr in the Aspect of Immunomodulation
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Epigenetic Regulations of AhR in the Aspect of Immunomodulation Anna Wajda 1,* , Joanna Łapczuk-Roma ´nska 2 and Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka 1 1 Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] 2 Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 July 2020; Accepted: 28 August 2020; Published: 3 September 2020 Abstract: Environmental factors contribute to autoimmune disease manifestation, and as regarded today, AhR has become an important factor in studies of immunomodulation. Besides immunological aspects, AhR also plays a role in pharmacological, toxicological and many other physiological processes such as adaptive metabolism. In recent years, epigenetic mechanisms have provided new insight into gene regulation and reveal a new contribution to autoimmune disease pathogenesis. DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin alterations, microRNA and consequently non-genetic changes in phenotypes connect with environmental factors. Increasing data reveals AhR cross-roads with the most significant in immunology pathways. Although study on epigenetic modulations in autoimmune diseases is still not well understood, therefore future research will help us understand their pathophysiology and help to find new therapeutic strategies. Present literature review -
Environmental Pollution 275 (2021) 116665
Environmental Pollution 275 (2021) 116665 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Environmental Pollution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/envpol Metabolomics reveals the reproductive abnormality in female zebrafish exposed to environmentally relevant levels of climbazole* Ting Zou a, 1, Yan-Qiu Liang b, 1, Xiaoliang Liao a, Xiao-Fan Chen a, Tao Wang c, * Yuanyuan Song c, Zhi-Cheng Lin a, Zenghua Qi a, Zhi-Feng Chen a, d, , Zongwei Cai a, c a Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China b Faculty of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China c State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China d Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China article info abstract Article history: Climbazole (CBZ) ubiquitously detected in the aquatic environment may disrupt fish reproductive Received 15 November 2020 function. Thus far, the previous study has focused on its transcriptional impact of steroidogenesis-related Received in revised form genes on zebrafish, but the underlying toxic mechanism still needs further investigation at the metabolic 10 January 2021 level. In this study, adult zebrafish were chronically exposed to CBZ at concentrations of 0.1 (corre- Accepted 2 February 2021 sponding to the real concentration in surface water), 10, and 1000 mg/L and evaluated for reproductive Available online 5 February 2021 function by egg production, with subsequent ovarian tissue samples taken for histology, metabolomics, and other biochemical analysis. -
Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
nutrients Article Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Rich Extract from the Microalga Nannochloropsis Decreases Cholesterol in Healthy Individuals: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Three-Month Supplementation Study Amanda Rao 1,2 , David Briskey 1,3, Jakob O Nalley 4 and Eneko Ganuza 4,* 1 RDC Clinical, Brisbane 4006, Australia; [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (D.B.) 2 School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia 3 School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia 4 Qualitas Health, Houston, TX 77056, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 26 May 2020; Accepted: 20 June 2020; Published: 23 June 2020 Abstract: The aim of this trial is to assess the effect of Almega®PL on improving the Omega-3 Index, cardio-metabolic parameters, and other biomarkers in generally healthy individuals. The benefits of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids for cardiovascular health are primarily built upon mixtures of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA). Highly purified EPA therapy has proven to be particularly effective in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, but less is known about the benefits of EPA-only supplementation for the general healthy population. Almega®PL is a polar rich oil (>15%) derived from the microalga Nannochloropsis that contains EPA (>25%) with no DHA. Participants (n = 120) were given a capsule of 1 g/day of either Almega®PL or placebo for 12 weeks. Differences in the Omega-3 Index, cardiometabolic markers, and other general health indicators were measured at the baseline, six, and 12 weeks. -
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Reduces Cardiovascular Events: Relationship with the EPA/Arachidonic Acid Ratio
Advance Publication Journal of AtherosclerosisJournal and Thrombosis of Atherosclerosis Vol.20, No.● and Thrombosis1 Review Accepted for publication: June 17, 2013 Published online: September 18, 2013 Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Reduces Cardiovascular Events: Relationship with the EPA/Arachidonic Acid Ratio Haruo Ohnishi1 and Yasushi Saito2 1Mochida Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 2Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan The clinical efficacy of fish oil and high-purity eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (hp-EPA-E) for treat- ing cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported. Fish oil contains saturated and monounsatu- rated fatty acids that have pharmacological effects opposite to those of ω3 fatty acids (ω3). Moreover, ω3, such as EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), do not necessarily have the same metabolic and biological actions. This has obscured the clinical efficacy of ω3. Recently, the Japan EPA Lipid Inter- vention Study (JELIS) of hp-EPA-E established the clinical efficacy of EPA for CVD, and higher lev- els of blood EPA, not DHA, were found to be associated with a lower incidence of major coronary events. A significant reduction in the risk of coronary events was observed when the ratio of EPA to arachidonic acid (AA) (EPA/AA) was >0.75. Furthermore, the ratio of prostaglandin (PG) I3 and PGI2 to thromboxane A2 (TXA2) ([PGI2+PGI3]/TXA2) was determined to have a linear relationship with the EPA/AA ratio as follows: (PGI2+PGI3)/TXA2 =λ+π* (EPA/AA). Like PGI2, PGI3 not only inhib- its platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction, but also is assumed to reduce cardiac ischemic injury and arteriosclerosis and promote angiogenesis. -
Elucidating the Signalling Pathway of Mer Tyrosine Kinase Receptor in Efferocytosis
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 8-19-2014 12:00 AM Elucidating the Signalling Pathway of Mer Tyrosine Kinase Receptor in Efferocytosis Ekenedelichukwu Azu The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Bryan Heit The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Microbiology and Immunology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Science © Ekenedelichukwu Azu 2014 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Cell Biology Commons, Immunity Commons, Molecular Biology Commons, and the Other Immunology and Infectious Disease Commons Recommended Citation Azu, Ekenedelichukwu, "Elucidating the Signalling Pathway of Mer Tyrosine Kinase Receptor in Efferocytosis" (2014). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 2260. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/2260 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ELUCIDATING THE SIGNALLING PATHWAY OF MER TYROSINE KINASE RECEPTOR IN EFFEROCYTOSIS Thesis format: Monograph by Ekenedelichukwu Azu Graduate Program in Microbiology and Immunology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada © Ekenedelichukwu Azu 2014 Abstract Efferocytosis is the clearance of apoptotic cells and is necessary for homeostasis. Mer Tyrosine Kinase (MerTK) is a crucial efferocytic receptor whose loss is associated with chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity. While previous studies have shown that MerTK mediates efferocytosis through a unique mechanism that requires integrins, MerTK signalling pathway remains unknown. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,872,152 B2 Serhan Et Al
US007872152B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,872,152 B2 Serhan et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 18, 2011 (54) USE OF DOCOSATRIENES, RESOLVINS AND (58) Field of Classification Search ....................... None THER STABLE ANALOGS IN THE See application file for complete search history. TREATMENT OF AIRWAY DISEASES AND (56) References Cited ASTHMA U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (75) Inventors: Charles N. Serhan, Needham, MA (US); Bruce D. Levy, West Roxbury, 4,201,211 A 5/1980 Chandrasekaran et al. MA (US) (Continued) (73) Assignee: The Brigham and Women's Hospital, FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Inc., Boston, MA (US) EP O736509 A2 10, 1996 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 (Continued) U.S.C. 154(b) by 198 days. OTHER PUBLICATIONS (21) Appl. No.: 11/836,460 Hong et al., Journal of Biological Chemistry 278(17) 14677-14687.* (22) Filed: Aug. 9, 2007 (Continued) Primary Examiner Karl J. Puttlitz (65) Prior Publication Data (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Colin L. Fairman; Scott D. US 2008/OO96961 A1 Apr. 24, 2008 Rothenberge; Fulbright & Jaworski Related U.S. Application Data (57) ABSTRACT (63) Continuation of application No. 11/081,203, filed on The present invention is generally drawn to novel isolated Mar. 16, 2005, and a continuation-in-part of applica therapeutic agents, termed resolving, generated from the tion No. 10/639,714, filed on Aug. 12, 2003, now Pat. interaction between a dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty No. 7,585,856. acid (PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosa (60) Provisional application No.