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The Ross Sea Dipole - Temperature, Snow Accumulation and Sea Ice Variability in the Ross Sea Region, Antarctica, Over the Past 2,700 Years
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-95 Manuscript under review for journal Clim. Past Discussion started: 1 August 2017 c Author(s) 2017. CC BY 4.0 License. The Ross Sea Dipole - Temperature, Snow Accumulation and Sea Ice Variability in the Ross Sea Region, Antarctica, over the Past 2,700 Years 5 RICE Community (Nancy A.N. Bertler1,2, Howard Conway3, Dorthe Dahl-Jensen4, Daniel B. Emanuelsson1,2, Mai Winstrup4, Paul T. Vallelonga4, James E. Lee5, Ed J. Brook5, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus6, Taylor J. Fudge3, Elizabeth D. Keller2, W. Troy Baisden2, Richard C.A. Hindmarsh7, Peter D. Neff8, Thomas Blunier4, Ross Edwards9, Paul A. Mayewski10, Sepp Kipfstuhl11, Christo Buizert5, Silvia Canessa2, Ruzica Dadic1, Helle 10 A. Kjær4, Andrei Kurbatov10, Dongqi Zhang12,13, Ed D. Waddington3, Giovanni Baccolo14, Thomas Beers10, Hannah J. Brightley1,2, Lionel Carter1, David Clemens-Sewall15, Viorela G. Ciobanu4, Barbara Delmonte14, Lukas Eling1,2, Aja A. Ellis16, Shruthi Ganesh17, Nicholas R. Golledge1,2, Skylar Haines10, Michael Handley10, Robert L. Hawley15, Chad M. Hogan18, Katelyn M. Johnson1,2, Elena Korotkikh10, Daniel P. Lowry1, Darcy Mandeno1, Robert M. McKay1, James A. Menking5, Timothy R. Naish1, 15 Caroline Noerling11, Agathe Ollive19, Anaïs Orsi20, Bernadette C. Proemse18, Alexander R. Pyne1, Rebecca L. Pyne2, James Renwick1, Reed P. Scherer21, Stefanie Semper22, M. Simonsen4, Sharon B. Sneed10, Eric J., Steig3, Andrea Tuohy23, Abhijith Ulayottil Venugopal1,2, Fernando Valero-Delgado11, Janani Venkatesh17, Feitang Wang24, Shimeng -
The Spirit and the Gifts: Dako, Benjamin Morrell and Cargo in the Vitiaz Trading Area, New Guinea
The Spirit and the Gifts: Dako, Benjamin Morrell and Cargo in the Vitiaz Trading area, New Guinea Jennifer Blythe McMaster University James Fairhead, University of Sussex ABSTRACT In 1830 an American trader, Benjamin Morrell, abducted Dako, the son of a prominent leader from Uneapa Island in the Bismarck Sea, took him to New York and, four years later, returned him to Uneapa. Dako‘s encounter with America and his return provides insight into the region half a century before colonization, and in particular into local mytho-practical knowledge at that time. This enables us to discern subsequent transformations. Myths concerning an origin spirit and guardian of the dead, Pango, which then dominated Uneapa cosmology have since ‗disappeared‘. This, we argue, is not because Pango has been superseded or suppressed, but because the parallel ‗white‘ world over which the mytho- practical Pango presided has become ever more manifest as Uneapa has been drawn into a colonial, post-colonial and globalised world. Today, Pango refers predominantly to white people. Islander‘s experience of American ‗Pango‘ was a shocking event at the time, but we show how trading with Pango established transformatory possibilities for reciprocal trading relations with the dead which remain the concern of today‘s Cult movement on the island. Cargo cult. Uneapa, Vitu Islands, mythology, first contact, Benjamin Morrell, Dako INTRODUCTION: THE MORRELL-DAKO EPISODE AS EVENTFUL HAPPENING Since Lawrence‘s (1964) classic study of a Melanesian ‗cargo cult‘, many writers have interpreted these movements as indigenous modes of engagement with super-ordinary beings and the dead, albeit transformed by colonial and post-colonial experience. -
Antarctica Classic in Depth
ANTARCTICA CLASSIC IN DEPTH This 13-day expedition introduces you to the magic of the South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula. Part of the reward of arriving in Antarctica is the challenge of negotiating the Drake Passage – and the MS Expedition will bring you there safely. Encounter leopard seals lazing on ice floes and immense rookeries of penguins surrounded by towering glaciers. The Expedition’s expert guides and lecturers offer knowledge and insight that really bring the nature and history of the region to life, creating the adventure of a lifetime. ITINERARY Day 1 Ushuaia Arrive in Ushuaia at any time. Enjoy the sights and sounds of the world's most southerly city. Arrival transfer is included. There will be a welcome desk in the lobby of the start hotel that will provide more specific information on the MS Expedition. Day 2 Ushuaia/Drake Passage Enjoy a free morning in Ushuaia. Do any last minute shopping, explore the town or the surrounding countryside. Embarkation 01432 507 280 (within UK) [email protected] | small-cruise-ships.com on the MS Expedition begins in the afternoon at the port in the whales that feed in the peninsula's cold, fertile waters. Ushuaia. Enjoy the evening sailing through the Beagle Channel. Navigate southwards making stops in the South Shetland Expedition travel can be full of surprises! While it is our Islands then through the Bransfield Strait and to the Antarctic intention of adhere to the itinerary described below, there is a Peninsula. During the voyage, learn about some of the most certain amount of flexibility built into the itinerary and on important and dramatic expeditions to this remote corner of the occasion it may be necessary, or desirable to make alterations. -
Aurora Australis (Icebreaker) Featured Content from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Current Events Aurora Australis Is an Australian Icebreaker
Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Search Amending our Terms of Use: Please comment on a proposed amendment regarding undisclosed paid editing. Main page Contents Aurora Australis (icebreaker) Featured content From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Current events Aurora Australis is an Australian icebreaker. Built by Carrington Slipways and Random article launched in 1989, the vessel is owned by P&O Maritime Services, but is regularly Donate to Wikipedia chartered by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) for research cruises in Wikimedia Shop Antarctic waters and to support Australian bases in Antarctica. Interaction Help Contents [hide] About Wikipedia 1 Design and construction Community portal 2 Operations Recent changes 3 References Contact page 4 External links Tools Design and construction [edit] Print/export Aurora Australis docked at Hobart in 2010 Designed as a multi-purpose research and resupply ship, Aurora Australis was Languages Career built by Carrington Slipways in Newcastle, New South Wales.[1] The vessel was Deutsch (Australia) launched in September 1989.[1] Name: Aurora Australis ﻓﺎﺭﺳﯽ Lietuvių Aurora Namesake: The Aurora Australis 日本語 Owner: P&O Maritime Services Edit links Operator: P&O Polar Builder: Carrington Slipways, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Launched: 18 September 1989[citation needed] [citation needed] Aurora Australis berthed in Hobart under a rainbow, with the French research In service: 30 March 1990 vessel L'Astrolabe to the right. Homeport: Hobart Identification: IMO number: 8717283 Australis is 94.91 metres (311.4 ft) long, and has a beam of 20.3 metres (67 ft), Status: In service draught of 7.862 metres (25.79 ft) and moulded depth of 10.43 metres (34.2 ft). -
The Ross Sea: a Valuable Reference Area to Assess the Effects of Climate Change
IP (number) Agenda Item: CEP 7e, ATCM 13 Presented by: ASOC Original: English The Ross Sea: A Valuable Reference Area to Assess the Effects of Climate Change 1 IP (number) Summary International Panel on Climate Change models predict that the Ross Sea will be the last portion of the Southern Ocean with sea ice year round. Currently, the Ross Sea ecosystem is considered to be relatively little affected by direct human-related impacts other than the past exploitation of marine mammals along its slope and the recent exploratory Antarctic toothfish fishery. The indirect human impacts of CO2 pollution on melting ice and ocean acidification have yet to be felt. The Ross Sea - with its several very long biotic and hydrographic data sets - constitutes an important reference area to gauge the ecosystem effects of climate change and distinguish those effects from the effects of current fisheries, tourism, and historic overexploitation and recovery or lack of recovery of some seal, whale, and fish populations elsewhere. This, in conjunction with a range of other scientific and biological reasons that has been laid out in prior ASOC papers, underpins why the Ross Sea should be included as a key component in the network of marine protected areas currently being considered for the Southern Ocean by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). 1. Introduction Over the past few years, ASOC has put forward a number of papers making the ‘science case’ for supporting full protection of the Ross Sea slope and shelf,1 in the context of establishing an important component of a representative network of MPAs in the Southern Ocean.2 This paper focuses on the climate reference zone potential of the Ross Sea. -
The Weddell Sea: an Historical Retrospect Dr
This article was downloaded by: [University of New England] On: 22 January 2015, At: 04:23 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Scottish Geographical Magazine Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rsgj19 The Weddell Sea: An historical retrospect Dr. Wm.S. Bruce Published online: 30 Jan 2008. To cite this article: Dr. Wm.S. Bruce (1917) The Weddell Sea: An historical retrospect, Scottish Geographical Magazine, 33:6, 241-258, DOI: 10.1080/14702541708554307 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14702541708554307 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. -
IAATO Report
IP 36 Agenda Item: ATCM 4 Presented by: IAATO Original: English Submitted: 15/05/2012 HCA12-06.3A Report of the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators 2011-12 1 IP 36 Report of the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators 2011-2012 Under Article III (2) of the Antarctic Treaty Introduction The International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO) is pleased to report its activities to ATCM XXXV, under Article III (2) of the Antarctic Treaty. IAATO continues to focus activities in support of its mission statement to ensure: Effective day-to-day management of Member activities in Antarctica; Educational outreach, including scientific collaboration; and Development and promotion of Antarctic tourism industry best practices. A detailed description of IAATO, its mission statement, primary activities and recent developments can be found in the 2012-13 Fact Sheet, and on the IAATO website: www.iaato.org. IAATO Membership and Visitor Levels during 2011-12 IAATO comprises 111 Members, Associates and Affiliates. Member offices are located worldwide, representing 57% of the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Party countries, and carrying nationals from nearly all Treaty Parties annually to Antarctica. During the 2011-12 Antarctic tourism season, the overall number of visitors decreased nearly 22% to 26,519 from the previous season (33,824 visitors in 2010-2011). These numbers reflect only those travelling with IAATO member companies. Details on tourism statistics can be found in ATCM XXXIV IP39 IAATO Overview of Antarctic Tourism: 2011-12 Season and Preliminary Estimates for 2012-13. The Membership Directory and additional statistics on IAATO member activities can be found at www.iaato.org. -
Silas Enoch Burrows and the Search for Sir John Franklin
Silas Enoch Burrows and the Search for Sir John Franklin Douglas Wamsley Silas Enoch Burrows (1794-1830), a Stonington-born merchant, established a successful international shipping business operating from the cities of New York, San Francisco, Hong Kong and Montevideo among others. With his financial success, he became known for his generous charitable acts and, as a man of the sea, he took a particular interest in the aid of shipwrecked mariners. After Sir John Franklin’s expedition ships HMS Erebus and HMS Terror were lost in the Arctic, Burrows befriended Lady Jane Franklin, the missing navigator’s wife, who was determined to ascertain the fate of her missing husband and his crew. Through the public and private relationships established by Burrows over the years, Burrows managed to assist Lady Franklin in a meaningful way in obtaining assistance in the search for her husband. This article examines circumstances that led to the involvement of Silas Burrows in the search for Sir John Franklin and his efforts on behalf of Lady Franklin. ____________________________________________________________________________ The protracted and frustrating search for the missing Arctic expedition commanded by the British explorer Sir John Franklin in the mid-19th century captured international attention. With the recent discovery of Sir John Franklin’s ships, HMS Erebus and HMS Terror, there has been a renewed interest in the expedition’s fate. Franklin’s ships departed England in May 1845 to much fanfare. After no word had been received from the expedition by 1849, Lady Jane Franklin, the lost explorer’s wife, made an impassioned appeal directly to President Zachary Taylor seeking the assistance of the U.S. -
Can Fishing in the Ross Sea Be Sustainable? Leo Salas, Ph.D
Can fishing in the Ross Sea be sustainable? Leo Salas, Ph.D. [email protected] Humans have removed 90% of Besides being the largest fish in feasible metrics to monitor the big fish from every ocean in Antarctic waters, toothfish is also include seal population numbers, the planet, except for the among the most energy-rich. breeding propensity, diving effort, Southern Ocean, especially the Because of these two factors, It and toothfish consumption rate. Ross Sea. But that may be has been suggested that toothfish changing. Since 2003, the largest may be critical for mass recovery Main Points (more than twice as big as the in mother seals. next species) fish in Antarctica is Weddell seals may not Using all the scientific evidence being removed from the Ross Sea. recover sufficiently from available, the team constructed a nursing their pups without That fish is the Antarctic toothfish, the largest and model to determine how much toothfish, usually sold as Chilean among the most energy- energy the seals must consume seabass. The fishery target is to dense fish in Antarctic waters. reduce the total number of adult during the recovery period to maintain population numbers. The toothfish fishery is toothfish by 50% over a 35 year likely already adversely That model was coupled with a period. affecting seal populations. simulation of prey consumption The fishery may be Is the fishery affecting the to establish the role of toothfish sustainable at lower Antarctic ecosystem? If so, how, in sustaining seal populations. extraction rates. Monitoring of seal and by how much? A team of The results show that some populations is important to researchers, led by Point Blue ensure this fishery is consumption of toothfish is Conservation Science, sought to sustainable. -
INAUGURAL SEASON 2020-2021 Antarctica | Greenland & Iceland
EXPEDITION CRUISES INAUGURAL SEASON 2020-2021 Antarctica | Svalbard | Greenland & Iceland | Norway & Russia | Northwest Passage | North, Central & South America | Europe new Alaska & Canada Content 2020-21 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– We take you far beyond the ordinary 6-7 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Our Expedition Fleet 8-9 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– The future is green 10-11 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Antarctica 12-15 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Greenland & Iceland 16-19 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Russia 19 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Svalbard 20-23 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Norway 24-25 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Northwest Passage 26-27 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Alaska & Canada 28-29 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– North & Central America 30 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– South America 31 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Europe 32 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Extend your stay 32-33 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Terms and conditions 34-37 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 2 “Ever since Hurtigruten started sailing polar waters back in 1893, we have been on a constant look out for new worlds to explore.” © HURTIGRUTEN Hurtigruten is an exploration company in the truest sense of the word; our mission is to bring adventurers to remote natural beauty around the world. Our experience in the feld is unparalleled, and we draw on our unique -
Southward an Analysis of the Literary Productions of the Discovery and Nimrod Expeditions to Antarctica
Corso di Laurea magistrale (ordinamento ex D.M. 270/2004) In LLEAP – Lingue e Letterature Europee, Americane e Postcoloniali Tesi di Laurea Southward An analysis of the literary productions of the Discovery and Nimrod Expeditions to Antarctica. Relatore Ch. Prof. Emma Sdegno Laureando Monica Stragliotto Matricola 820667 Anno Accademico 2012 / 2013 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 Chapter I The History of Explorations in Antarctica 8 Chapter II Outstanding Men, Outstanding Deeds 31 Chapter III Antarctic Journals: the Models 46 Chapter IV Antarctic Journals: Scott’s Odyssey and Shackleton’s Personal Attempt 70 Chapter V The South Polar Times and Aurora Australis: Antarctic Literary Productions 107 CONCLUSION 129 BIBLIOGRAPHY 134 2 INTRODUCTION When we think about Antarctica, we cannot help thinking of names such as Roald Admunsen, Robert Falcon Scott and Ernest Shackleton. These names represented the greatest demonstration of human endurance and courage in exploration and they still preserve these features today. The South Pole represented an unspoilt, unknown, unexplored area for a long time, and all the Nations competed fiercely to be the first to reach the geographical South Pole. England, which displays a great history of exploration, contributed massively to the rush to the Antarctic especially in the first decade of the 20th century. The long years spent in the Antarctic by the British explorers left a priceless inheritance. First of all, the scientific fields such as meteorology, geology and zoology were tellingly improved. The study of the ice sheet allowed the scientists of the time to partly explain the phenomenon of glaciations. In addition, magnetism was still a new field to be explored and the study of phenomena such as the aurora australis and the magnetic pole as a moving spot1 were great discoveries that still influence our present knowledge. -
Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Committee Department of the Senate PO Box 6100 Parliament House Canberra ACT 2600 Dear Commit
Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Committee Department of the Senate PO Box 6100 Parliament House Canberra ACT 2600 Dear Committee Thank you for the opportunity to submit a response to the Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade References Committee on the inquiry into Australia’s future activities and responsibilities in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic waters. The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) is a statutory authority established under the Australian Maritime Safety Authority Act 1990 with the primary role to minimise the risk of shipping incidents and pollution in Australian waters, through ship safety and environment protection regulation and services, and maximise people saved from maritime and aviation incidents through search and rescue coordination. AMSA’s submission is structured around the following terms of reference for the inquiry: b. cooperation with international partners on management and research under international treaties and agreements; c. appropriate resourcing in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic territory for research and governance; and d. any other related matters. - 2 The submission is focussed on three principal areas of interest to AMSA – the International Maritime Organization Polar Code, pollution response initiatives and Search and Rescue. Yours sincerely MICK KINLEY 27 June 2014 Encls. (1) Submission to the Senate Inquiry into Australia’s future activities and responsibilities in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic waters Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade The Australian Maritime Safety Authority is a statutory authority established under the Australian Maritime Safety Authority Act 1990 with the primary role to minimise the risk of shipping incidents and pollution in Australian waters, through ship safety and environment protection regulation and services, and maximise people saved from maritime and aviation incidents through search and rescue coordination.