The Collection of Heraldic Stained Glass at Ronaele Manor, Elkins
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Presented to the Library by Mrs. Pitz Eugene Dixon LIBRARY OF THE PHILADELPHIA MUSEUM OF ART wpbe vppnbowes swrougbt swrsten ful tbtfcfce sb^nen vx^tb sbapen sbelfcee. Creeo of piers plowman. THE HERALDIC STAINED GLASS AT RONAELE MANOR THE STAIR HALL THE COLLECTION OF HERALDIC STAINED GLASS AT RONAELE MANOR ELKINS PARK PENNSYLVANIA THE RESIDENCE OF Mr. & Mrs. FITZ EUGENE DIXON DESCRIBED BY F. SYDNEY EDEN AUTHOR OF "ANCIENT STAINED AND PAINTED GLASS" PRINTED BY THE ARDEN PRESS, LONDON MCMXXVII J?E3 2 5 1953 3^* PREFACE HE sumptuous and important collection of ancient stained glass described in this book is entirely made up of panels which, until re- cently, adorned the windows of some of Eng- land's most famous houses. The heraldry depicted in these panels brings forcibly before us many of the most moving scenes of Eng- land's story, and, in their blaze of colour and in their form, the actors in such scenes are seen again to walk the stage of history. The Wars of the Roses, the strong and brilliant rule of the two Henrys, the seventh and the eighth, follow on and grow out of the events of Edward Ill's reign and the rivalries and jealou- sies of his descendants, and are themselves the roots from which sprang the ambitions and dissensions which charac- terised later Tudor days and the years of the Stuart Dynasty. All these and much more live again in this ancient heraldry ; more may be learnt from it by the thoughtful and observant mind than from many a page of the history books. Heraldry tells its story in clear, incisive language, without passion or exaggeration, and it is often found to be the key to the solu- tion of problems which have perplexed and baffled the most learned of historians. It would have wearied the reader and overburdened these pages to have told all that one would like to have told of the great folk—churchmen, statesmen, soldiers, scholars and cour- tiers—whose coat armour glows in the windows at Ronaele Manor, but it is hoped that enough has been said to adequately illustrate their heraldry and, before all, to whet the reader's appetite for fuller knowledge. A note of contrast is struck by the panels of a domestic character, from old English, Dutch and Flemish homes. They v Preface tell of the lives and endeavours of merchant-adventurers and craftsmen of the seventeenth century, of their bold voyaging in little-known seas and of the simplicity, and dignity withal, of their daily doings. The shepherd with his flock, the birds round the homestead, the harvest of the sea, all such things, common and daily sights, varied by snatches from classical story and mediaeval legend, find their place in this painted glass from old windows. Nemo est haeres viventis, so I will not call the American people the heirs of Europe by reason of their conservation of so much of the best of the ancient art of the Old World, but I do rejoice in the loving care and thoughtful appreciation shown by them in dealing with such of it as comes their way. To the expert knowledge, artistic discrimination and zeal displayed by Mr. Roy Grosvenor Thomas and Mr. Wilfred Drake is primarily due the credit for assembling this remark- able collection of gems of ancient art now set up in the win- dows of Ronaele Manor. F. SYDNEY EDEN. London, 1927. VI .. CONTENTS GROUND FLOOR Page ' Morning Room i The Library H The Living Room . 33 The Dining Room . 40 The Reception Room 5i The Entrance Hall 53 The Stair Hall 55 The Men's Room . 81 SECOND STORY Mr. Dixon's Room 83 The Boudoir 88 Mrs. Dixon's Room 90 Miss Dixon's Room 92 Mr. Dixon Junr.'s Room 94 The West Room 96 The North Room . 98 The North-East Room 99 An Armorial of the Heraldic Windows 100 Index 109 Vli . » . LIST OF PLATES Facing Page Frontispiece i. Arms of John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, 1\« VJ • • •• •• •• •• • • • • X 2. Arms of King Henry VIII 3 Arms of King Henry VIII 4. Arms of Sir William Parr, K.G 5. Arms of Edmund Lacy and John Grandison 6. Arms of the Kingdoms of France and England 10 7. Arms of Sir Roger Fiennes and the Kingdom of France 12 8. Arms of Edward the Black Prince.. 9. Arms of the City of Norwich 16 10. Arms of King Edward III 18 11. Arms of Edward, Prince of Wales, afterwards King Edward VI 20 12. Arms of King Henry VIII 22 13. Arms of John Barrett of Belhus .. 24 14. Arms of Lord Grey of Wilton 26 15. Arms of Sir Edward Norris 28 16. Arms of Robert, Earl of Sussex, K.G. 30 17. Arms of Sir Giles Capel 32 18. Arms of George, Earl of Cumberland, K.G. 34 19. Arms of William, Marquess of Winchester 36 20. Arms of Sir Francis Knolles 38 21. Arms of Sir Edward Coke 40 22. Arms of Thomas, Earl of Exeter . 42 23. Arms of Thomas, Earl of Rutland 44 IX . List of Plates Facing Page 24. Arms of Henry, Earl of Lincoln . 46 25. Arms of Ambrose, Earl of Warwick 26. Arms of Thomas, Lord Wentworth 27. Arms of King Henry VIII 28. Arms of Erlye and Clederowe 29. Arms of King Henry VIII 30. Arms of Thomas, Lord Audley 31. Arms of Queen Katherine Parr 32. Arms of Paulet of Edington 33. Arms of Paulet and Clederowe 34. Arms of Edward, Prince of Wales 35. Arms of Edward, Prince of Wales 36. Arms of Seymour of Sudeley 37. Arms of Sir John Hungerford, Sir Walter Hunger ford, and Thomas Hungerford 38. Arms of Edward, Prince of Wales 39. Arms of Thomas Hugford, Sir Anthony Hunger ford, and Henry, Earl of Devon 40. Arms of King Henry VII 41. Arms of Queen Mary I 42. Arms of King Henry VIII Sir 43. Arms of Thomas Moyle ; John, Lord Lovel, and Sir William Norris 44. Arms of Queen Elizabeth and Queen Mary 45. Badge of King Henry VII .. 46. Badge of King Henry VII . 47. Badge of King Henry VII . List of Plates Facing Page 48. Arms of Edward, Prince of Wales . 94 49. Arms of Henry, Earl of Derby, K.G. ; Henry, Earl of Sussex, K.G., and Queen Elizabeth . 96 50. Arms of King Henry VIII impaled with the Cross of St. George 98 51. Arms of William, Lord Burghley, K.G.; Robert, Earl of Leicester, K.G. ; and King Henry VIII. 100 52. Arms of Robert, Earl of Leicester, K.G.; Ambrose, Earl of Warwick, K.G.; and Thomas, Earl of Sussex, K.G 102 53. Arms of Lord Grey of Wilton, K.G. ; Francis, Earl of Bedford, K.G. ; and William, Marquess of Winchester, K.G 104 XI MORNING ROOM PLATE i John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland XVI century THE HERALDIC STAINED GLASS AT RONAELE MANOR, ELKINS PARK PENNSYLVANIA MORNING ROOM T the north end of the room is a window of four lights containing in each upper light a shield of arms—in the two central lights Royal heraldry of the Tudor period, and, on either side, arms of noblemen distinguished in the Courts of the Tudor sovereigns of England. All these deco- rated the windows of the great house built at Cassiobury in Hertfordshire by Sir Richard Morrison and his son Charles between the years 1545 and 1556, a part of which is incorpo- rated in the present house there, restored by the architect James Wyatt, in 1800, by the order of the first Earl of Essex of the Capel family. Prior to the removal of these panels to Ronaele Manor they were fixed in the windows of the cloister on the south-west side of the courtyard of Wyatt's building. ^,. The first light from the west shows the arms of John Dud- ley, Duke of Northumberland, whose ill-laid plan to divert the succession to the crown of England on the death of Edward VI to his own family ended in his own beheading on Tower Hill and the imprisonment of his five sons in the Tower of London. Of these, Guilford, and his child-wife, Jane Grey, the Queen of a day, were executed for their enforced complicity in Northumberland's treason, and the others, John, Ambrose, Robert and Henry, remained under arrest for some time. In the Tower of London, in the Beauchamp Tower, is to be seen A I Heraldic Stained Glass to-day a carved wall-panel commemorating the imprisonment of these brothers, done by the eldest of them, John, to while away the tedious hours of his enforced stay in durance. This shield was painted before John Dudley's elevation to the Dukedom, when he was Earl of Warwick only. Several of the quarterings in this shield are painted in black and white only, though some of them show examples of ' abraded ' work—the removal of a coloured ' flash ' or veneer on white glass—so as to indicate coloured objects on white or white objects on colour, as the case may be. The fourteen quarterings which follow the lion of Dudley in this shield call for a few remarks, for so many quarterings indicate a claim to very ancient descent, and it is a notorious fact that the question of the origin of the Dudleys is not free from difficulty. There was a story, put about by enemies of the family, to the effect that Edmund Dudley, Henry VII's Minister, was the son of a carpenter in the town of Dudley who migrated to Lewes in Sussex, but this tale has been quite disproved by the discovery, some years ago, of the will of Edmund's father, John Dudley of Atherington in Sussex, Esquire, High Sheriff of his County.