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Mojave Airport East Kern Airport District Launch Site Operator License Final Environmental Assessment, February 2004

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Mojave Airport East Kern Airport District Launch Site Operator License Final Environmental Assessment, February 2004 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE EAST KERN AIRPORT DISTRICT LAUNCH SITE OPERATOR LICENSE FOR THE MOJAVE AIRPORT Prepared for the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Office of the Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation Washington, DC 20591 February 18, 2004 This Page Intentionally Left Blank FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE EAST KERN AIRPORT DISTRICT LAUNCH SITE OPERATOR LICENSE FOR THE MOJAVE AIRPORT FEDERAL AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation (AST) STATE AGENCY: East Kern Airport District (EKAD) PUBLIC REVIEW PROCESS: In accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) the FAA initiated a public review and comment period of the Draft Environmental Assessment (EA)/Initial Study for the EKAD Launch Site Operator License for the Mojave Airport. A public meeting was held in Mojave, California on December 10, 2003 to record comments from the public. The comments were addressed in a Comment Response Document and in the Final EA as appropriate. ABSTRACT: The Final EA for the EKAD Launch Site Operator License for the Mojave Airport addresses the environmental impacts of the proposed action of issuing a launch site operator license to the EKAD for the Mojave Airport. This launch site operator license would be for the purpose of operating a facility to launch horizontally launched, suborbital rockets. In addition, the EKAD may offer other services for commercial launch companies at the Mojave Airport including static engine firings, launch vehicle manufacturing, and other testing and manufacturing activities. These services and other testing and manufacturing activities are unrelated to, and are not authorized by the Launch Site Operator License. Potential impacts of the proposed action on resource areas including air quality; airspace; biological resources; cultural resources; geology and soils; hazardous materials and hazardous waste management; land use; noise; socioeconomic impacts and environmental justice; transportation; visual and aesthetic resources; water resources; and secondary or induced impacts were considered in this EA. In addition, the following topics required under 1050.1 D are covered in the EA under the following sections: the analysis of Farmlands and DOT Act § 4(f) appears in the “Land Use” section, the analysis of Natural Resources and Energy and Wild and Scenic Rivers appears in the “Water Resources” section, and the Wetlands analysis appears in the “Biological Resources” section. Cumulative impacts from the proposed action were also considered for all of the above- mentioned resource areas. CONTACT INFORMATION: Questions regarding the proposed action and the Final EA for the EKAD Launch Site Operator License for the Mojave Airport; can be addressed to Ms. Michon Washington, Federal Aviation Administration, Office of the Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation, Suite 331/AST-100, 800 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20591; e-mail [email protected] or phone (202) 267-9305. This Page Intentionally Left Blank Executive Summary Introduction Under the proposed action, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) would issue a launch site operator license to the East Kern Airport District (EKAD) to operate a launch facility at the Mojave Airport. The FAA may also issue launch licenses to individual operators for launches from the Mojave Airport. A launch site operator license remains in effect for five years from the date of issuance unless surrendered, suspended, or revoked before the expiration of the term and is renewable upon application by the licensee (14 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] 420.43). A license to operate a launch site authorizes a licensee to offer its launch site to a launch operator for each launch point for the type and weight class of launch vehicle identified in the license application and upon which the licensing determination is based. Issuance of a license to operate a launch site does not relieve a licensee of the obligation to comply with any other laws or regulations, nor does it confer any proprietary, property, or exclusive right in the use of airspace or outer space (14 CFR 420.41). Two Federal agencies are involved in this proposed action, the FAA as the lead agency responsible for licensing the proposed activities at the facility and the U.S. Air Force (USAF) as a cooperating agency. The Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC) is the host organization at Edwards Air Force Base (AFB) that manages the special use airspace designated as Restricted Area R-2515. The R-2508 Joint Policy and Planning Board (JPPB) manages other joint use airspace within the R-2508 Complex. The R-2508 Complex Control Board represents the JPPB in exercising supervisory management of the R-2508 Complex. The AFFTC and the R- 2508 Complex Control Board would allow the vehicles launched from the Mojave Airport to operate in airspace that they each manage. The AFFTC also operates the runway and airfield that would serve as the primary emergency landing site for the launches. These entities also have responsibility for the environment and assets on the ground, which have the potential to be affected by launches. Therefore, the FAA requested and the USAF agreed to participate as a cooperating agency in the preparation of NEPA analysis for this proposed action. Issuing a launch site operator license is considered a Federal action and is subject to review as required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 (Public Law 91-190), as amended, 42 United States Code (U.S.C.) § 4321, et seq. The FAA will be the lead Federal Agency for the NEPA process and the USAF will be a cooperating agency on this proposed action. Because this proposed action would take place in California, it is also necessary for the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) to be met in the environmental analysis. The EKAD owns and operates the Mojave Airport and must comply with CEQA to operate a launch facility at the Mojave Airport. The EKAD will be the lead agency for the CEQA process. The EKAD has determined that this Environmental Assessment (EA) will also serve as the Initial Study for CEQA. The Initial Study is prepared to determine whether it is necessary to prepare an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) or a Negative Declaration. In this instance, EKAD determined that ES-1 February 2004 it was appropriate to prepare a Negative Declaration, which was adopted by the EKAD Board of Directors on December 16, 2003. Purpose and Need The Mojave Airport would serve as an alternative location to Federal facilities or other commercial sites for launching horizontally launched, suborbital vehicles. The Mojave Airport already serves as a location to test aircraft and this would allow the EKAD to offer the Mojave Airport to existing customers wishing to conduct launch operations. These operations may include for-profit launch services. For-profit launch services may include tourism activities, selling merchandise flown in the vehicle, or other activities. These activities are consistent with the objectives of the Commercial Space Launch Act. Description of Proposed Action/Preferred Alternative The EKAD has identified two types of launch vehicles, identified in this analysis as Concept A and Concept B, which would be typical of the vehicles that would operate from the Mojave Airport. The proposed action/preferred alternative would include launches of both Concept A and Concept B launch vehicles. The potential users of the launch site would be responsible for obtaining any necessary permits or approvals including a launch license from the FAA for specific missions. The FAA may use the analysis in this document as the basis for an environmental determination of the impacts of these launches to support subsequent licensing decisions for the launch of specific launch vehicles from the Mojave Airport. The activities included in this analysis are the launch of suborbital rockets as described in Concept A and Concept B, and the testing of rocket engines. The FAA does not license specific vehicles or the ground tests of rocket engines, only launches of vehicles and the operation of launch and reentry sites. The environmental impacts of the engine tests at the Mojave Airport are included in this document because they are related activities. No construction activities are proposed as part of the action. Existing infrastructure including hangars and runways would be used to support proposed launch and landing operations at the site. Existing rocket engine test stands may also be used for static tests of rocket engines. Engines that are tested would be incorporated into vehicles that are launched from the Mojave Airport, or they would be incorporated into vehicles that are launched at other facilities. The scope of this analysis considers the use of the Mojave Airport for launch of horizontally launched Concept A and Concept B vehicles, into suborbital trajectories and their landing, and static tests of engines. Description of Alternatives and No Action The FAA considered two alternatives to the proposed action in this EA. The first alternative would be to issue a launch site operator license to the EKAD for the Mojave ES-2 February 2004 Airport for inclusion of launch vehicles specifically fitting the description of Concept A. The second alternative would be to issue a launch site operator license to the EKAD for the Mojave Airport for inclusion of launch vehicles specifically fitting the description of Concept B. Under the no action alternative, the FAA would not issue a launch site operator license and there would be no commercial launches from the Mojave Airport. The EKAD would not be able to operate a commercial launch facility at the Mojave Airport. The Mojave Airport facility would continue to be available for existing aviation and testing activities. Under the no action alternative, there would be no change to existing conditions at the airport. Environmental Consequences This section summarizes the conclusions of the analyses made for each of the resource areas considered.
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