Giving a History of All Noted Stallions, Bred and Raised in Orange County
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LIBRARY UNIVERSITY^' PENNSYLVANIA V^^S^ Jo i^ FAIRMAN ROGERS COLLECTION ON HORSEMANSHIP Digitized by tine Internet Archive in 2009 witin funding from Lyrasis IVIembers and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/orangecountystOOreev ORANGE COUNTY STUD BOOK, GIVING A HISTORY OF m ALL NOTED jjuIONS, Bred and Raised in Orange County. BY J. H. REEVES, V. S. TO WHICH IS ADDED A COMPLETE History of the Horse, IN ALL COUNTRIES, IN HEALTH AND IN SICKNESS, WITH A THOROUGH TREATISE ON HIS Breeding, Breaking, Shoeing and CURING. ADDED TO WHICH IS GIVEN A LIST OF THE BEST TROTTING HOESES AND FA^IOUS RACES in the UNITED STATES. NEW YORK: JASON H. TUTTLE, PUBLISHER, 78 Nassau Street. 1880. NEW BOLTON CENTER mo Copyrighted 1879, by Jason H. Tuttle. ELECTKOTTPED BT CRUJI k RINOLER, NEW YORK.. CONTENTS -OF- ORANGE COUNTY STUD BOOK. Introduction 7 Climate of Orange County 7 Breeding in Orange County— Imported Bellfounder 9 Charles Kent Mare 10 Abdallab 10 Black Hawk 10 Cassius M. Clay, Jr 10 Harry Clay 10 Black Harry Clay 11 Hambletonian—History of— Pedigree 12 Shown at Fair at Goshen 13 Mr. Rysdyk's Books 13 Goldsmith's Maid 13 First Season 13 Hiram Woodruff's opinion of Abdallahs 14 ' Pronounced ' King of Horses. " 16 Sons of Old Hambletonian— Alexander's Hambletonian 18 " " Captured by the Rebels 18 Edward Everett 19 Volunteer 19 Middletown 20 Happy Medium 21 Idol 21 Idol's Colts 23 Sayer's Guy Miller 22 American Star— Pedigree 24 His Pluck, Bottom and Speed , 27 American Star's Colts 30 History of the Horse— Character of the Horse 31 Wild Horses 33 Foreign Breeds of Horses 34 The Barb 35 The Arab 35 The Abyssinian 36 ^ The Australian 38 CONTENTS. The Turkish 39 The Dutch 40 The Danish 40 The Swedish 40 The Finland : 40 The Norwegian 40 The Russian 40 The English 41 Early English Jockies 43 Regular Races first established 44 White Turk 45 New Market Course 46 Highflyer and Eclipse 46 Bryerley Turk 47 Brocklesby Betty 48 ." Bonny Black. 48 Flying Childers 49 Eclipse 50 King Herod 51 Many Celebrated Horses 51 Varieties of Horses— The Race Horse 52 The Hunter 54 The Saddle Horse 55 The Coach Horse 59 The Galloway 62 The Cart Horse 63 The Clydesdale Horse 64 The Farmer's Horse 64 Early Training 65 Conformation of the Horse— General Observations 68 The Head 69 The Chest 69 The Back 70 The Shoulder 70 The Arm 70 The Knee 71 The Teeth— 71 —Change 72 " —Trickery 74 The Foot 75 The Hoof 76 Tlie Sole 77 The Senses of the Horse 78 Docking 79 On Breeding Stock 80 " " Qualities needed 82 Proper Crosses 85 On Clioice of Mares 87 Success of a Breeding Stud 88 Results in favor of Blood 90 . CONTENTS. Good Judges of Horses 92 Superiority of Mares over Geldings 93 Hereditary Defects 94 Treatment and Management of the Horse. The Stable 95 A Perfect Stable 98 The Horse's Food 99 Nutritious Matter 102 Millv of Brood Mares 104 General Management 105 Breaking Colts 107 Acts of Cruelty 108 The Nose Bag 109 Watering Horses 110 Of Farm Horses HI Diseases of Horses— Congestion 112 Apoplexy 113 Stomach Staggers 114 Congestions of other kinds 114 " "Liver 114 Swelled Legs 114 Fever 114 Mucous Membrane 115 Blain 115 Barbs, Lampas Canker 115 Poisons, Colic, Entanglement, Worms 116 Respiratory Passages 117 Chronic Cough, Thiclv Wind, Glanders 118 Urinary and Genital Organs 118 Inflammation of Bladder, etc 119 Itchiness, Warts, Hard 119 Diseases of the Eye 120 " Brain 120 Epilepsy, Palsy, Rabies 121 Pleurisy 121 Dropsy and Inflammation of the Heart 122 Castration 1 22 Opened Joint 1 23 Spavin 123 Windgalls, Thorough-pin, Blood Spavin 124 Poll Evil, Abscess, Swangles, Farcy 125 Surfeits, Mange, Hide-bound, Grease 126 Splints, Sprains, Windgalls 127 Ring-bone, Acute Founder, Pumiced Foot, Contracted Feet. 128 Navicular Joint Disease, Sand Crack 129 False Quarter, Overreach 129 Quittor, Corns, Thrush, Canlier 130 Shoeing— Clips, the Calkin 133 The Bar Shoe, the Tip 134 Leather Shoe, Horse Sandal 135 b CONTENTS. On Soundness— Koaring 135 Different Class of Roaring 137 The Trotting Horse— Popularity of Driving 141 Russian and English Trotters 143 Messenger Stock 143 Mambrino " 144 Hambletonian " 144 Canadian Trotters 146 Black Hawk's Colts 148 Pacing 148 Pellmm, Cayuga Chief 149 Vermont Black Hawk 151 Morrill's Morgans, American Star 153 List of Great Trotting Sires 153 Vices and Dangerous Habits of the Horse— Restiveness 155 Backing 156 Biting 157 Getting the Bit, Kicking 158 Unsteadiness, Rearing, Running Away 159 Vicious to Clean, Vicious to Shoe 160 Swallowing without Grinding 160 Crib Biting 161 Wind Sucking, Cutting 1 62 Not Lying Down 163 Over-reach, Pawing 163 Quidding, Rolling, Shying 164 Slipping the Collar, Tripping 165 Weaving 166 Breaking to Harness— Early Proceedings 167 The Apparatus 168 The Actual Putting to 169 First Lessons 1 70 Bonner's Great Stables 171 Time of Horses by Ajax 173 Recipes 178 INTRODUCTION. The authoi' of this work, a native, and for years a resident of Orange County, and one whose avocation has tlu-o-noi him much into the society of her horsemen, and consequently en- abled him to acquire very valuable inforination in regard to the breeding of horses in that county, and the history and pedigi'ee of its celebrated animals, in jjresenting his book to the i^ubhc, hopes that, in estimating its value, the reliability, novelty, and usefulness of its statements will be taken into consideration by the reader. It is probable that no useful animal is more afiected by climate and food than the horse; and while the climate of the County of Orange seems favor- able to the production of the horse, and its rich pastures and fine meadows afford the elements for devoloj)ing the finest form and most endiuing constitutions, it is only by a judi- cious system of breeding that to these- two requisites of a good horse, the third, that of speed, can be added. Oui" ideas of the system of breeding which should be adopted in order to be successful, and the reasons u2:)on which they are founded, constitute our first article. It con- tains no idle dogmas or worthless and fantastic theories, cal- culated to lead the earnest and honest searcher for useful knowledge into gross errors and mistakes, but rather a collection of i-ules, precepts, and facts, deduced from long experience in and close obseiwation of all matters pertaining to the subject. While it is an imdeniable fact that many fast trotters have been bred and raised by persons who had no knowledge of these principles, yet if the pedigree of such could be cor- rectly traced, it would be found that the breeders thereof have almost invariably conformed unintentionally to these THE OKANGE COUNTY establislied rules, and that, coiisecjuently, instead of the prog- eny being simply the result of chance, it was produced imder and in strict accordance with the fixed iiile of the lav,- of natui'e—that "like will produce like." In proof of the soundness of our theory in regard to breeding, we shall foUow the above-mentioned article with the pedigree and history of a few of the most celebrated stock horses which have been produced in Orange County, which, if carefully perused, cannot fail to convince the reader of the infaUibility of the law of rejDroduction. And while our work is designed more pai-ticularly for those who, in consequence of their interest therein, may joroperly be styled "horsemen," yet we trust that it wiU not be altogether with- out interest to the general reader, and that he may obtain some useful information in regard to the animal which con- tributes so much to the comfort and pleasure of mankind, and which represents so largely the wealth of our citizens. The author has sj^ent much time in obtaining the reliable pedigree and history of the noted staUion, American Star, and facts are herein disclosed in regard to the history of llysdyk's Hambletonian never before made public; as these are now universally regarded as the representative stock horses of Orange County, and as the history of each is re- j)lete with interest. STUD BOOK. BREEDING IN ORANGE COUNTY. Befoee proceediuo- to the general subject of breeding horses and kindred subjects, we pass to notice the history and results thereof in Orange County, in which coiuity the subject has received great attention, and has been rendered exceedingly profitable to those Avho have engaged judiciously therein. Indeed, from the time when the attention of the citizens of tl^is coiuity was'lii-st di-aA\'n to this subject, the standard of trotting horses throughout the country has been gi-adually elevated, and their sj)eed so increased, that with the present estabhshed record of 2:17, it would seem that it has now reached its lowest second, and that not much greater achievements coidd reasonably be expected from horseflesh. The first stallion that Ave ever saw advei-tised as possess- ing trotting cjualities was imported BeUfoimder, in the year 1823. He was a bright bay, with black mane, tail, and legs, standing fifteen hands high; and his superior blood, sym- metry of form, and action, excelled all other stallions. He was allowed, by the best judges in Norfolk, England, to be the fastest and best-bred staUion ever sent out of that coiui- try. No doubt he was, for, as a i^roof, he stayed here only one year, and was then taken back. Bellfoionder made the season at "Washingionville, with fuU jDcdigree given, at twenty-five dollars to insui-e a mare in foal.