DOCSLIB.ORG

Analysis of Exodus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Analysis of Exodus Analysis of Exodus General Much time has passed between the book of Genesis and Exodus. It is apparent that Exodus is a continuation of the story that began in Genesis from its Hebrew title, ‘And these are the names’ (Longman and Dillard, 63)1. Authorship There is some debate as to who the author is of Exodus, let alone the entire Pentateuch. In regards to Exodus, many conservatives would assign authorship to Moses. This is due to an overwhelming amount of commands given to Moses throughout the book (i.e. 17:4; 34:4, 20:22-23:33; 27-29). Other books of the Pentateuch also record and give evidence to Moses as the author (Numbers 33:2 and Deuteronomy 31:9). Even the New Testament, in Mark 12:26, gives evidence by mentioning Exodus 3:6 and labeling Moses as the author. While there is much evidence to Moses as the author, there are elements in other parts of the Pentateuch that would be hard to assign authorship to Moses. “Thus the conservative view has always been qualified, however subtly, by admitting non-Mosaic elements to the Torah” (Longman and Dillard, 42). Along with the conservative view there are other views and approaches, for example, the Historical-Critical Approach, the Fragmentary Approach, and the Supplementary Approach. These approaches, to loosely summarize, claim multiple sources as the authors of the Pentateuch (Longman and Dillard, 42-47). In light of the many views and approaches, this analysis agrees with Dillard and Longman on the author of the Pentateuch and more specifically the book of Exodus. Dillard and Longman write: “In the final analysis, it is possible to affirm the substantial Mosaic authorship of the Pentateuch in line with the occasional internal evidence and the strong external testimony, while allowing for earlier sources as well as later glosses and elaboration” (51). Date The writing of Exodus would be the same as the whole Pentateuch. With the Mosaic authorship assumed, it is believed to be written between the time of Israel’s deliverance out of Egypt and Moses’ death; most likely between 1445 -1400 B.C. Original Audience Based on the content of Exodus and that it is part of the Pentateuch, the original audience would have been the Israelites, the Hebrew people. 1 Tremper Longman III and Raymond B. Dillard, An Introduction to the Old Testament (2nd Edition), Zondervan. Grand Rapids, MI, 2006. Key Interpretive Issues Key issues in Exodus are: 1) to determine the dating of the Exodus event (this analysis assumes an “early “date of approximately 1447 B.C., 2) to determine the identity of the pharaoh of Exodus, 3) to explain the hardening of pharaoh’s heart, 4) to understand the significance of the Passover event, 5) to understand the significance of God’s redemption of His people, 6) to grasp the significance of Moses as God’s authoritative spokesman both his words and writings, 7) to understand the state of struggle the Israelites were in as slaves, 8) to read the story naturally and straight forward while also looking forward to New Testament application/comparison, 9) to understand the book’s prophetic and theological history, 10) to recognize its importance in the Pentateuch and canon, 11) to appreciate God’s love for His people in delivering them but also His holiness and justice in the setting up of the Law and the Tabernacle. Subject/Purpose Statement The book of Exodus is “prophetic or theological history” written to “inform its readers about God’s great acts in the past” (Longman and Dillard, 72). Moses wrote to tell of God’s deliverance of Israel from Egyptian bondage, the giving of the Law, and the plans for the Tabernacle. This was in order that God’s people would know God was their redeemer-lawgiver, and that He desired to dwell among His people. It continues the fulfillment of God’s covenant with Abraham. While the Israelites struggle, even after God delivers them through miraculous means, God continues to show His grace and mercy to them. Moses desired that the people would respond in grateful obedience to God’s Word. In the same way God’s people of every generation would do well to listen to and to obey this man of God’s verbal and written words. We read of God’s grace and what He is capable of doing in all situations. Outline of Exodus2 I. Israel in Egypt. (1:1 – 12:32) a. Israel multiplies. (1:1-7) b. Pharaoh oppresses the Israelites. (1:8 – 1:22) c. A leader is chosen. (1:23 – 4:17) d. Moses returns to Egypt to speak to his people. (4:18 – 4:31) e. Moses confronts Pharaoh. (5:1 – 12:32) II. Israel travels to Mount Sinai. (12:33 – 18:27) a. Israel departs from Egypt. (12:33 – 42) b. Institution of the Passover, Consecration of the Firstborn, and The Feast of Unleavened Bread. (12:43 – 13:16) 2 While this outline is laid out more “event” driven, there are other options of outlines that are “context” driven. c. Israel panics at the Red Sea. (13:17 – 14:14) d. Israel rejoices and fears the LORD after the crossing of the Red Sea. (14:15 – 15:21) e. Israel complains on the way to Mount Sinai. God still provides. (15:22 – 17:16) f. Moses receives advice from Jethro. (18:1 – 27) III. Israel at Mount Sinai. (19:1 – 40:38) a. Israel meets with God at the foot of the mountain. (19:1 – 25) b. God delivers The Law. (20:1 – 23:19) c. God confirms His covenant. (23:20 – 24:18) d. God gives instructions for the Tabernacle. (25:1 – 31:18) e. Israel sins against God. (32:1 – 35) f. God renews His covenant. (33:1 – 34:35) g. The Tabernacle is built. (35:1 – 40:38) Theological Issues Important theological issues include: promise and fulfillment, deliverance, redemption, salvation, character of God, judgment of God, obedience, worship, the dwelling of Yahweh among His people. Theological Application The book of Exodus demonstrates to the people of God of every generation that God hears the cries of His people and will redeem them. The deliverance of God’s people from the Egyptians can serve not only as a reminder of God’s power, but also of His salvation. “It is clear that the exodus was God’s greatest act of salvation in the Old Testament” (Longman and Dillard, 72-73). It points towards the salvation given to us through Jesus Christ and God’s desire that people would know Him. Exodus highlights for God’s people that He is the lawgiver and blessings come as we obey His revelations. The Law still remains relevant as a guide, especially the Ten Commandments, leading us to the perfect Savior. Exodus demonstrates in vivid details God’s willingness to make His people a holy nation as well as His desire to dwell among a redeemed but sometimes obstinate people. The Tabernacle, the place where God’s presence came to abide and to meet with His people, should encourage every believer. The Tabernacle is no longer needed since God’s presence, the person of the Holy Spirit, abides in each of His children. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Expository Preaching from the Book of Joshua
    EXPOSITORY PREACHING FROM THE BOOK OF JOSHUA BSOT8301 Expository Preaching from the Old Testament Doctor of Ministry Seminar New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary Fall Trimester August 31-September 2, 2020 Dr. Preston L. Nix Professor of Evangelism and Evangelistic Preaching Occupying the Roland Q. Leavell Chair of Evangelism Director of the Leavell Center for Evangelism and Church Health Director of Supervised Ministry Office: The Leavell Center for Evangelism and Church Health E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 504-816-8820 Dr. Jim Parker Professor of Biblical Interpretation E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 205-307-9831 Mission Statement New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary and Leavell College prepare servants to walk with Christ, proclaim His truth, and fulfill His mission. Core Value Focus The seminary has five core values: Doctrinal Integrity, Spiritual Vitality, Mission Focus, Characteristic Excellence, and Servant Leadership. The core value focus for this academic year is Mission Focus: “We are not here merely to get an education or to give one. We are here to change the world by fulfilling the Great Commission and the Great Commandments through the local church and its ministries.” Curriculum Competencies All graduates of NOBTS are expected to have at least a minimum level of competency in each of the following areas: Biblical Exposition, Christian Theological Heritage, Disciple Making, Interpersonal Skills, Servant Leadership, Spiritual and Character Formation, and Worship Leadership. The curriculum competency addressed in this seminar is Biblical Exposition. Seminar Description This seminar offers a practical study of the Book of Joshua. Using the components of sound biblical exegesis and exposition, the focus of the seminar is to prepare the participants for careful study and effective expository preaching of the biblical text.
    [Show full text]
  • JOSHUA: the LORD IS SALVATION Joshua’S Call Joshua 1:1-18 Layne Lebo June 12, 2016
    JOSHUA: THE LORD IS SALVATION Joshua’s Call Joshua 1:1-18 Layne Lebo June 12, 2016 Today, we’re beginning our summer sermon series that will carry us through the end of August. Summer tends to be a very disjointed time at McBIC. People’s travel and vacation schedules, along with our church scaling back on some of our normal activities make it a challenge to stay connected during summer. Personally, I’m in the midst of a 5-week stretch where between vacation and some business trips I I’ll be spending time in North Carolina, Nashville, Kansas and Orlando. Realizing how disjointed things can get in June, July and August, we typically preach a summer-long series on a book of the Bible. That way, in the midst of people coming and going and a variety of people preaching, we have the constant of staying in one book of the Bible. To help you stay connected we’ve put together a simple bookmark that lists scriptures you can read whether you’re at home or on vacation that keep you in step with the passages we’re preaching on this summer. This summer we’ll be walking through the Old Testament Book of Joshua. Joshua is the 6th book in the Bible—coming immediately after the books known as the Pentateuch or the Law. Bible scholars aren’t sure who the author of Joshua is. It appears that parts of the book were written by Joshua himself, but other portions were likely passed along through generations of Jewish people as oral history.
    [Show full text]
  • The Book of Psalms “Bless the Lord, O My Soul, and Forget Not All His Benefits” (103:2)
    THE BOOK OF PSALMS “BLESS THE LORD, O MY SOUL, AND FORGET NOT ALL HIS BENEFITS” (103:2) BOOK I BOOK II BOOK III BOOK IV BOOK V 41 psalms 31 psalms 17 psalms 17 psalms 44 psalms 1 41 42 72 73 89 90 106 107 150 DOXOLOGY AT THESE VERSES CONCLUDES EACH BOOK 41:13 72:18-19 89:52 106:48 150:6 JEWISH TRADITION ASCRIBES TOPICAL LIKENESS TO PENTATEUCH GENESIS EXODUS LEVITICUS NUMBERS DEUTERONOMY ────AUTHORS ──── mainly mainly (or all) DAVID mainly mainly mainly DAVID and KORAH ASAPH ANONYMOUS DAVID BOOKS II AND III ADDED MISCELLANEOUS ORIGINAL GROUP BY DURING THE REIGNS OF COLLECTIONS DAVID HEZEKIAH AND JOSIAH COMPILED IN TIMES OF EZRA AND NEHEMIAH POSSIBLE CHRONOLOGICAL STAGES IN THE GROWTH AND COLLECTION OF THE PSALTER 1 The Book of Psalms I. Book Title The word psalms comes from the Greek word psalmoi. It suggests the idea of a “praise song,” as does the Hebrew word tehillim. It is related to a Hebrew concept which means “the plucking of strings.” It means a song to be sung to the accompaniment of stringed instruments. The Psalms is a collection of worship songs sung to God by the people of Israel with musical accompaniment. The collection of these 150 psalms into one book served as the first hymnbook for God’s people, written and compiled to assist them in their worship of God. At first, because of the wide variety of these songs, this praise book was unnamed, but eventually the ancient Hebrews called it “The Book of Praises,” or simply “Praises.” This title reflects its main purpose──to assist believers in the proper worship of God.
    [Show full text]
  • The Exodus As Negotiation of Identity and Human Dignity Between Memory and Myth
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Stellenbosch University SUNScholar Repository Page 1 of 6 Original Research The Exodus as negotiation of identity and human dignity between memory and myth Author: The rendition of the exodus in the Old Testament is an excellent example of cultural memory Hendrik L. Bosman1 – a remembered past that resulted in collective memories that maintained the actuality or relevance of the past, without getting bogged down in the never ending agonising about the Affiliation: 1Department of Old and supposed ‘historical factuality’ of the past. In the Old Testament the exodus was remembered New Testaments, Faculty in diverging ways in different contexts and the ongoing need for identity and the influence of Theology, University of of trauma were but two factors that influenced the manner in which the exodus was recalled. Stellenbosch, South Africa Despite unfavourable connotations it is again suggested that the exodus functioned as a Note: founding myth in the evolving of Israelite and early Jewish identity. Such a heuristic goal This article is a revised will be less interested in establishing historically or archaeologically verifiable truth claims version of a paper delivered and more interested in how the memory of the exodus shaped identity and enabled human during the SBL International dignity in subsequent contexts of human suffering and oppression up to the present day. Conference held in Amsterdam in July 2012. The financial support provided by the Hope Project of Introduction the Faculty of Theology at Stellenbosch University is The interpretation of the book of Exodus in Africa and other post-colonial contexts has been an gratefully acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Iii Malachi's Eschatological Figures
    CHAPTER III MALACHI’S ESCHATOLOGICAL FIGURES: AN EXAMINATION OF MAL.3:1-5; 4:5-6 Ralph L. Smith argues that the Book of Malachi deals with four primary theological themes: covenant, cult (worship), ethical conduct (justice and morality) and the future.1 It is certain that the Book of Malachi contains a number of theological ideas such as God‟s covenantal love, His covenant, the ideal priesthood, the universalistic perspective,2 and the eschatological promises. The word “covenant” occurs six times in the book. O‟Brien argues, “Malachi employs much of the terminology, theme and form of the covenant lawsuit.” 3 In other words, the Book is a kind of the covenant lawsuit. Malachi, as the prophet and representative of the Lord, confronts the priests of Israel for their defilement, reminding them of a faithful priest--a messenger of the Lord--who rebukes the people of Israel for their unbelieving hypocritical worship and unethical conduct, requests them to restore true worship, and proclaims a message of hope by predicting the forerunner of the Lord who prepares the way before the Lord comes. Malachi is commissioned by God to participate in a divine dialogue between Him and His rebellious people who comprise the remnant of Israel. The time of Malachi is the era of covenant breach. The priests violate the covenant of Levi (2:1-9), and the people break the 1 Ralph L. Smith, “The Shape of Theology in the Book of Malachi,” Southwestern Journal of Theology, no. 30 (1987) 24-27. 2 Pieter A. Verhoef, The Books of Haggai and Malachi, New International Commentary on the Old Testament, ed.
    [Show full text]
  • Exodus at a Glance
    Scholars Crossing The Owner's Manual File Theological Studies 11-2017 Article 2: Exodus at a Glance Harold Willmington Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/owners_manual Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, Practical Theology Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Willmington, Harold, "Article 2: Exodus at a Glance" (2017). The Owner's Manual File. 44. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/owners_manual/44 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Theological Studies at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Owner's Manual File by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EXODUS AT A GLANCE This book describes Israel’s terrible bondage in Egypt, its supernatural deliverance by God, its journey from the Red Sea to the base of Mt. Sinai as led by Moses, the giving of the Law, the terrible sin of worshiping the golden calf, and the completion of the Tabernacle. BOTTOM LINE INTRODUCTION HOW ODD OF GOD TO CHOOSE THE JEWS! THE STORY OF HOW HE SELECTED THEM PROTECTED THEM, AND DIRECTED THEM. FACTS REGARDING THE AUTHORS OF THIS BOOK 1. Who? Moses. He was the younger brother of Aaron and Miriam (Ex. 6:20; Num. 26:59) who led his people Israel out of Egyptian bondage (Ex. 5-14) and gave them the law of God at Mt. Sinai (Ex. 20). 2. What? That books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is the Dominant Theme of the Book of Deuteronomy? by Flora Richards-Gustafson, Demand Media
    Education Menu ☰ What Is the Dominant Theme of the Book of Deuteronomy? by Flora Richards-Gustafson, Demand Media Deuteronomy is the fifth book of the Torah and of the Bible’s Old Testament. When translated from the Greek Septuagint, the word “Deuteronomy” means “second law,” as in Moses’ re­telling of God’s laws. The dominant theological theme in this book is the renewal of God’s covenant and Moses’ call to obedience, as evident in Deuteronomy 4: 1, 6 and 13; 30: 1 to 3 and 8 to 20. Sponsored Link 5,000 Flyers - Only $98 Print 5,000 Flyers for Just $98! Superior Quality & Timely Delivery. overnightprints.com / Flyers People throughout the Bible refer to the Laws of Moses. Summary of Deuteronomy The accounts in Deuteronomy occur in Moab, 40 days before the Related Articles Israelites enter the Promised Land, Canaan. At 120 years old, What Is the Falling Action of "Percy Moses knew that he would soon die, so he took the opportunity to Jackson and the Titan's Curse"? issue a call to obedience and review God’s covenants. Moses recounts the experiences of the past 40 years in the wilderness, What Is the Falling Action of the Book restates the Ten Commandments, and gives the Israelites "Frindle?" guidelines to follow regarding different aspects of life. He tells the Books of the Old Testament in the people that he will die before they enter the Promised Land and English Order appoints Joshua to take his place. Moses gave the Israelites three reasons to renew their obedience to God: God’s history of What Is the Climax of the Book "Rascal?" goodness to his people, the goodness of God’s laws, and God’s unconditional promises of blessings for the future.
    [Show full text]
  • The Psalmists' Use of the Exodus Motif
    The Psalmists’ Use of the Exodus Motif A Close Reading and Intertextual Analysis of Selected Exodus Psalms Thesis Submitted for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by David Emanuel Submitted to the Senate of the Hebrew University December 2007 This work was written under the supervision of Professor Yair Zakovitch CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................................................. VIII INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 RESEARCH IN RELATED FIELDS ................................................................................................................................. 3 General Psalms Research ................................................................................................................................... 3 Inner-Biblical Interpretation and Allusion ......................................................................................................... 6 Juxtapositional Interpretation ............................................................................................................................ 8 METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................................................................... 10 SCOPE AND STRUCTURE ........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Psalm 77 and the Book of Exodus JOHN S
    Psalm 77 and the Book of Exodus JOHN S. KSELMAN The Catholic University of America In the words of A. A. Anderson, Psalm 77 "consists of two main parts: verses l-lO [= MT 2-11] form an Individual Lament, while verses 11-20 [= MT 12-21] resemble a Hymn. "I The contacts between what Anderson describes as the hymnic section of Psalm 77 and the Song of the Sea in Exodus 15 have often been noted. 2 Compare, for instance, EllOd. 15:11 and Ps. 77:14-15a: Exod.15:11 A my kmkh b'lym yhwh B my kmkh n'dr bdqs nwr ' blhlt C 'shpl' Who is like you among Ihe gods , 0 Yahweh? Who is like you, 0 Glorious among Ihe holy ones? Awesome in praises, doer of wonders PS.77:14-15a: B 'Ihym bdqs drkk A my 1 gdwl k'lhym C 'lhh'I'shpl' o God, over Ihe holy ones is your sovereignty;) what god is great as our god? You are Ihe god who does wonders A subtler echo of the Song of the Sea is contained in vv. 16 and 21 of the psalm. Alluding to Exod. 15:13, these verses frame the theophany of Ps. 77:17-20 in an envelope I A. A. Anderson, The Book ofPsaims, (NCB: Greenwood, SC: Attic Press, 1977),2:555. The lament section of Psalm 77 has both individual and communal characteristics, as recognized by H.·J. Kraus ("Alle seine [the psalmist'sI Gedanken und Sinne kreisen urn Israel. Die Gemeinde Gottes ist der tragende Grund und das Mittelpunkt seines Existenz" [Psalmen / (BKAT XY/ I; Neukirchen·Yluyn: Neukirchener·Y., 1966),533]) and E.
    [Show full text]
  • The Centrality to the Exodus of Torah As Ethical Projection
    THE CENTRALITY TO THE EXODUS OF TORAH AS ETHICAL PROJECTION Vern Neufeld Redekop Saint Paul University, Ontario How can those liberated from oppression avoid mimesis of their oppressors? When confronted with the stark realities of oppression, the question seems inappropriate, audacious, and even insensitive. Yet history teaches us that it is prudent to confront the question sooner rather than later. That this is a preoccupation of Torah is indicated by the often repeated phrase, "remember that you were slaves in Egypt." In what follows, we will enter the world of the Hebrew Bible to examine the relationship of Torah to the theme of oppression. Our points of entry will be the contemporary gates of liberation theology and Hebrew Bible exegesis. I will argue that Torah as teaching is central to the Exodus, that as teaching it combines awareness of a situation, interpretation of an event, and articulation of practical knowledge. Positively stated, the Exodus paradigm of liberation includes both a freedom from oppression and a freedom to enjoy and develop the resources of the land. This paradigm can be explained, in the vocabulary of Paul Ricoeur, as a transformation of people from sufferers (understood as being acted upon) to actors (being able to take initiative). As such, it addresses the essential question, "How is a liberated people to act?" Torah answers this question through story and stipulation. Its teaching is both indirect and direct. The Exodus concerns not only the flight from Egypt into the promised land, but also the question of how a people is to live in that land.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chapters of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
    Scholars Crossing An Alliterated Outline for the Chapters of the Bible A Guide to the Systematic Study of the Bible 5-2018 The Chapters of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy Harold Willmington Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/outline_chapters_bible Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Willmington, Harold, "The Chapters of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy" (2018). An Alliterated Outline for the Chapters of the Bible. 10. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/outline_chapters_bible/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the A Guide to the Systematic Study of the Bible at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in An Alliterated Outline for the Chapters of the Bible by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy PART ONE: GOD'S DELIVERANCE OF ISRAEL-THE PREVIEW (EXODUS 1) The first part of the book of Exodus sets the scene for God's deliverance of his chosen people, Israel, from slavery in Egypt. SECTION OUTLINE ONE (EXODUS 1) Israel is being persecuted by an Egyptian pharaoh, probably Thutmose I. I. THE REASONS FOR PERSECUTION (Ex. 1:1-10) A. Fruitfulness (Ex. 1:1-7): Beginning with 70 individuals, the nation of Israel multiplies so quickly that they soon fill the land. B. Fear (Ex. 1:8-10): Such growth causes Pharaoh great concern, since the Israelites might join others and attack Egypt. II.
    [Show full text]
  • THE DELIVERANCE of RAHAB (JOSHUA 2, 6) AS the GENTILE EXODUS Nicholas P
    Tyndale Bulletin 65.1 (2014) 11–19 THE DELIVERANCE OF RAHAB (JOSHUA 2, 6) AS THE GENTILE EXODUS Nicholas P. Lunn Summary This short article argues for an intertextual interpretation of the Rahab narratives in the book of Joshua in the light of the deliverance of the Hebrews from Egypt as recorded in the book of Exodus. The presence of a range of different verbal and thematic correspondences supports such a notion. This is further confirmed once a structural parallelism between the two portions of text is identified. Suggestions are given as to what the relationship was designed to indicate. 1. Introduction Literary studies of biblical texts have brought to light many instances in which it appears that a text in one part of the Hebrew canon may be seen to have been intended to interact with another text elsewhere in the canon. This is the phenomenon commonly termed ‘intertextuality’.1 Studies in recent decades have brought to light numerous examples of this literary feature, some of which are now so commonly referenced that they have almost become case examples. Amongst these latter may be included the interaction between Judges 19 relating matters of hospitality and sin in connection with Gibeah, and Genesis 19 concerning the sin of Sodom and hospitality of Lot.2 Such textual 1 For a survey of the latest study and the issues involved, see Geoffrey D. Miller, ‘Intertextuality in Old Testament Research’, Currents in Biblical Research 9.3 (2011): 283–309. 2 The earliest published source for this comparison seems to have been Stuart Lasine, ‘Guest and Host in Judges 19: Lot’s Hospitality in an Inverted World’, JSOT 29 (1984): 37–59.
    [Show full text]