Library of Congress Magazine-September/October 2020

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Library of Congress Magazine-September/October 2020 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAGAZINE SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 COPYRIGHT OFFICE AT 150 Inside Inspiring Creativity, Empowering Creators Serving Congress And the Public Plus Deposits of Gold What Copyright Protects The Original Lady Liberty FEATURES ▪ The National Archives holds this original manuscript of 08 10 14 the Copyright Act of 1790, passed by Congress and Is it Copyrightable? Deposits of Gold Inspiring Creativity signed into law by President Why the law protects Copyright submissions American arts and culture George Washington. National a novel but not a selfie preserve a trove of rare have long-standing ties Archives and Records taken by a monkey. items from history. to the copyright system. Administration LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAGAZINE ▪ On the cover: The seal of the U.S. Copyright Office consists of a capital C in a circle with a stylized eagle with a shield perched on the lower limb of the C. The seal is used on official documents, such as the certificate of registration and certified documents. David Rice LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAGAZINE DEPARTMENTS SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 2020 VOL. 9 NO. 4 Mission of the 2 Trending Library of Congress The Library’s mission is to engage, 3 How Do I? inspire and inform Congress and the American people with a universal and enduring source of 4 Serving Congress knowledge and creativity. 5 Page from the Past Library of Congress Magazine is issued bimonthly by the Office of 5 Communications of the Library 6 Online Offerings of Congress and distributed free of charge to publicly 20 Curator's Picks supported libraries and research institutions, donors, academic libraries, learned societies and 22 Extremes allied organizations in the United States. Research institutions and educational organizations in other 23 Favorite Place countries may arrange to receive Library of Congress Magazine on an exchange basis by applying in 24 My Job writing to the Library’s Director for Acquisitions and Bibliographic Access, 101 Independence Ave. 25 News Briefs S.E., Washington DC 20540- 4100. LCM is also available on the web at loc.gov/lcm/. All 26 Shop the Library 6 other correspondence should be addressed to the Office of Communications, Library of 27 Support the Library Congress, 101 Independence Ave. S.E., Washington DC 20540-1610. 28 Last Word [email protected] loc.gov/lcm ISSN 2169-0855 (print) ISSN 2169-0863 (online) Carla Hayden Librarian of Congress April Slayton Executive Editor Mark Hartsell 27 Editor Ashley Jones Designer Shawn Miller Photo Editor Contributors Alison M. Hall Nicole Lamberson Wendi A. Maloney Stephen Schwartz George Thuronyi CONNECT ON loc.gov/connect 28 SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 LOC.GOV/LCM 1 TRENDING ▪ Copyright Office the Copyright Office as a separate employees work at their department within the Library and named desks in the Jefferson HAPPY 150TH, Thorvald Solberg the first dedicated register Building of the Library of copyrights. of Congress, circa 1920. COPYRIGHT OFFICE Prints and Photographs Since then, Congress passed two major Division Library Marks a Milestone revisions to copyright law — the Copyright Act of 1909, signed by President Theodore Anniversary for the Office. Roosevelt, and the Copyright Act of 1976, This summer, the U.S. Copyright Office signed by President Gerald Ford. The reached a major milestone: 150 years of Copyright Office was a key player in getting promoting creativity and free expression those laws in place. Solberg was deeply through the administration of the nation’s involved in crafting the 1909 act, and the copyright laws. 1976 act resulted in large part from years of Copyright Office work, including by former Congress first centralized copyright at the Registers Abraham Kamenstein and Barbara Library on July 8, 1870. Librarian of Congress Ringer. The 1976 act is still in effect today, Ainsworth Rand Spofford served as the with several amendments, including the register of copyrights, and deposit copies of landmark Orrin G. Hatch–Bob Goodlatte registered works helped build the Library’s Music Modernization Act of 2018. collections. But by 1877, over 70,000 deposits were piled around the Library, Today, the office is undergoing a and Spofford told Congress he soon would modernization initiative that will help it fulfill be “presiding over the greatest chaos in its mission for years to come. Modernization America.” So, in 1897, Congress established includes important updates such as building 2 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAGAZINE HOW DO I REGISTER A WORK FOR COPYRIGHT DAVID RICE Copyright protection is automatic once a work is fixed in a tangible form of expression, such as on paper, a recording file or a digital photograph. So why register a work with the Copyright Office? Copyright registration establishes a public record of a copyright claim, making it easier for a copyright owner to prove their legal case. Registration (or a refusal from the Copyright Office) is required before an infringement suit can be filed for U.S. works. Registration also gives copyright owners several other remedies in court. Electronic registration on copyright. gov is the easiest and least expensive way for authors to register their work. Electronic registration also results in faster processing times, accepts electronic payment and, in some a new Enterprise Copyright System featuring cases, allows for electronic upload a user-centered and flexible design, of deposit copies. For those without streamlining processes and procedures internet access, paper applications and improving access to services. The are still available for most works. office made its pre-1978 physical card catalog records available online, and it The office will start the examination is modernizing the current online record process once it receives a complete system. It began a pilot program to submit application, which includes the documents for recordation electronically, completed registration, the correct and a modernized registration system is in fee payment and the required deposit development. copy or copies of the work. The Copyright Office YouTube channel “I want to wish the Copyright Office a very (youtube.com/uscopyrightoffice) features happy 150th anniversary,” Librarian of an online registration playlist containing Congress Carla Hayden said. “More than video tutorials that walk authors through ever, it’s important for us to realize the role the registration and deposit copy of the Copyright Office in encouraging and process. The channel also hosts the supporting ingenuity and innovation.” office’s Learning Engine video series, which introduces copyright concepts. The registration video shows how the office reviews each application and MORE INFORMATION completes the registration process. Copyright services —Alison M. Hall is a writer-editor in the U.S. copyright.gov Copyright Office. SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 LOC.GOV/LCM 3 SERVING CONGRESS ▪ Barbara Ringer describes an early copyright registration SERVING form in New York in 1963. U.S. Copyright Office CONGRESS AND THE PUBLIC Copyright Office assists legislative bodies as they contemplate changes to law. Throughout its history, the Copyright Office has served as a leader of copyright development and reform, cultivating a market of creative expression that offers cultural and economic benefits to the nation. The office has been actively involved in the development of copyright law since its inception and regularly conducts policy studies to advise Congress as it contemplates legislative changes. In the past half century, the office studied and made recommendations on standards of copyrightability, classes of copyrightable works, the scope of rights, terms, formalities, remedies, ownership, performance rights, protection for architecture, orphan works, mass continued those efforts on such major digitization, pre-1972 sound recordings, legislation as the Digital Millennium Copyright small claims, limitations and exceptions for Act of 1998; the Technology, Education and libraries and the print disabled, and more — Copyright Harmonization Act of 2001; and work that helps the law keep pace with the the Music Modernization Act of 2018. The changing copyright ecosystem. last represented one of the most significant In 1974, Register of Copyrights Barbara pieces of copyright legislation in decades: Ringer served on the Commission on New The act updated copyright law to reflect Technological Uses of Copyrighted Works, technological developments in the music which was established by Congress to marketplace. comprehensively revise copyright law in light The office actively participates in the of new technologies such as computers development of copyright law internationally. and photocopying. The office spent three It actively participated in the negotiation years collecting data, participating in of the Marrakesh Treaty, which requires hearings, analysis, and deliberations before member nations to create limitations and the commission ultimately presented its exceptions that will make it easier for recommendations to Congress, including those who are blind, visually impaired and extension of copyright to computer otherwise print disabled to access certain programs. works. The office also worked on the 2018 Ringer also was one of the principal copyright law amendments needed to architects of the Copyright Act of 1976, the implement this treaty. The office reviews first major revision of the copyright law since copyright developments in other countries 1909. It took over two decades to negotiate and participates in U.S. trade agreement its provisions, and the law took effect
Recommended publications
  • Collecting and Preserving Digital Materials
    COLLECTING AND PRESERVING DIGITAL MATERIALS A HOW-TO GUIDE FOR HISTORICAL SOCIETIES BY SOPHIE SHILLING CONTENTS Foreword Preface 1 Introduction 2 Digital material creation Born-digital materials Digitisation 3 Project planning Write a plan Create a workflow Policies and procedures Funding Getting everyone on-board 4 Select Bitstream preservation File formats Image resolution File naming conventions 5 Describe Metadata 6 Ingest Software Digital storage 7 Access and outreach Copyright Culturally sensitive content 8 Community 9 Glossary Bibliography i Foreword FOREWORD How the collection and research landscape has changed!! In 2000 the Federation of Australian Historical Societies commissioned Bronwyn Wilson to prepare a training guide for historical societies on the collection of cultural materials. Its purpose was to advise societies on the need to gather and collect contemporary material of diverse types for the benefit of future generations of researchers. The material that she discussed was essentially in hard copy format, but under the heading of ‘Electronic Media’ Bronwyn included a discussion of video tape, audio tape and the internet. Fast forward to 2018 and we inhabit a very different world because of the digital revolution. Today a very high proportion of the information generated in our technologically-driven society is created and distributed digitally, from emails to publications to images. Increasingly, collecting organisations are making their data available online, so that the modern researcher can achieve much by simply sitting at home on their computer and accessing information via services such as Trove and the increasing body of government and private material that is becoming available on the web. This creates both challenges and opportunities for historical societies.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LIBRARY of CONGRESS: a DOCUMENTARY HISTORY Guide to the Microfiche Collection
    CIS Academic Editions THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS: A DOCUMENTARY HISTORY Guide to the Microfiche Collection Edited by John Y. Cole With a Foreword by Daniel J. Boorstin The Library of Congress The Library of Congress: A Documentary History Guide to the Microfiche Collection Edited by John Y. Cole CIS Academic Editions Congressional Information Service, Inc. Bethesda, Maryland CIS Staff Editor-in-Chief, Special Collections August A. Imholtz, Jr. Staff Assistant Monette Barreiro Vice President, Manufacturing William Smith Director of Communications Richard K. Johnson Designer Alix Stock Production Coordinator Dorothy Rogers Printing Services Manager Lee Mayer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress The Library of Congress. "CIS academic editions." Bibliography: p. Includes indexes. 1. Library of Congress--History--Sources. 2. Libraries, National--United States--History--Sources. I. Cole, John Young, 1940- . II. Title. III. Series. Z733.U6L45 1987 027.573 87-15580 ISBN 0-88692-122-8 International Standard Book Number: 0-88692-122-8 CIS Academic Editions, Congressional Information Service, Inc. 4520 East-West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 USA ©1987 by Congressional Information Service, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Contents FOREWORD by Daniel J. Boorstin, Librarian of Congress vii PREFACE by John Y. Cole ix INTRODUCTION: The Library of Congress and Its Multiple Missions by John Y. Cole 1 I. RESOURCES FOR THE STUDY OF THE LIBRARY Studying the Library of Congress: Resources and Research Opportunities, by John Y. Cole 17 A. Guides to Archival and Manuscript Collections 21 B. General Histories 22 C. Annual Reports 27 D. Early Book Lists and Printed Catalogs (General Collections) 43 E.
    [Show full text]
  • Library of Congress Magazine January/February 2018
    INSIDE PLUS A Journey Be Mine, Valentine To Freedom Happy 200th, Mr. Douglass Find Your Roots Voices of Slavery At the Library LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAGAZINE JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2018 Building Black History A New View of Tubman LOC.GOV LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAGAZINE Library of Congress Magazine Vol. 7 No. 1: January/February 2018 Mission of the Library of Congress The Library’s central mission is to provide Congress, the federal government and the American people with a rich, diverse and enduring source of knowledge that can be relied upon to inform, inspire and engage them, and support their intellectual and creative endeavors. Library of Congress Magazine is issued bimonthly by the Office of Communications of the Library of Congress and distributed free of charge to publicly supported libraries and research institutions, donors, academic libraries, learned societies and allied organizations in the United States. Research institutions and educational organizations in other countries may arrange to receive Library of Congress Magazine on an exchange basis by applying in writing to the Library’s Director for Acquisitions and Bibliographic Access, 101 Independence Ave. S.E., Washington DC 20540-4100. LCM is also available on the web at loc.gov/lcm/. All other correspondence should be addressed to the Office of Communications, Library of Congress, 101 Independence Ave. S.E., Washington DC 20540-1610. [email protected] loc.gov/lcm ISSN 2169-0855 (print) ISSN 2169-0863 (online) Carla D. Hayden Librarian of Congress Gayle Osterberg Executive Editor Mark Hartsell Editor John H. Sayers Managing Editor Ashley Jones Designer Shawn Miller Photo Editor Contributors Bryonna Head Wendi A.
    [Show full text]
  • Digitization Strategic Plan
    Creating a Digital Smithsonian DIGITIZATION STRATEGIC PLAN Fiscal Years 2010–2015 1002256_StratPlan.indd 2 5/26/10 8:25:45 AM INTRODUCTION 2 Extending Reach/Enhancing Meaning 3 What, Exactly, Is Digitization? 3 What Are We Digitizing? 4 Launching a New Era 5 Broaden Access 5 Preserve Collections 5 Support Education 5 Enrich Context 6 A Straightforward Approach 6 Assessing Cost and Timelines 7 From Pioneer to Leader 7 Virtual Access Ensures Relevance and Impact 8 Infinite Reach 8 creating a GOALS, OBJECTIVES, ACTION STEPS 10 Mission 10 Values 10 digital smithsonian STRATEGIC GOALS 11 Goal 1: Digital Assets 11 Goal 2: Digitization Program 12 Goal 3: Organizational Capacity 13 APPENDIX A: DIGITIZATION STRATEGIC PLAN COMMITTEE CHARTER 14 APPENDIX B: SMITHSONIAN DIGITIZATION STRATEGIC PLAN COMMITTEE 14 APPENDIX C: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 15 Photo Credits 15 APPENDIX D: DIGITIZATION STRATEGIC PLAN WORKING GROUP MEMBERS 16 1002256_StratPlan.indd 3 5/26/10 8:25:45 AM creating a digital smithsonian 1002256_StratPlan.indd 1 5/26/10 8:25:45 AM Introduction Picture a room with infinite capacity. It is absent cabinets or shelves, yet it holds tens of millions of objects and records — scientifically invaluable specimens, artifacts that connect us to our heritage, and research findings from some of the greatest minds in the world. Delving into its contents, a schoolgirl sitting in a North Creating a Digital Smithsonian is an ambitious five-year Dakota classroom can hear the voices of Jane Addams plan that lays out how we will accomplish digitization — the and Linus Pauling plead for peace in earlier times. A activity that will help us realize these benefits.
    [Show full text]
  • Library Board of Victoria Annual Report 2016
    Library Board of Victoria Victoria Library of Board Library Board of Victoria Annual Report 2016–17 Annual ReportAnnual 2016–17 Library Board of Victoria Annual Report 2016–17 Published by State Library Victoria 328 Swanston Street Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia Also published on slv.vic.gov.au © State Library Victoria 2017 This publication is copyright. No part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Authorised by the Victorian Government 328 Swanston Street Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia Typeset by Cannon Typesetting Cover photograph: The night garden, illumination created by Nick Azidis, Lisa Greenaway and Rose Staff for White Night Melbourne 2017. Photograph by James Braund. Contents 2 President’s report 4 Chief Executive Officer’s year in review 6 Vision and values 7 Report of operations 22 Financial summary 24 2016–17 key performance indicators 25 Service Agreement with the Minister for Creative Industries 26 Output framework 28 Acquisitions statistics 29 Library Board and corporate governance 33 Library Executive 34 Organisational structure 35 Occupational health and safety 37 Public sector values and employment principles 38 Statement of workforce data and merit and equity 40 Environmental performance 42 Diversity and Social Inclusion Plan 43 Freedom of information 44 Protected Disclosure Act 2012 44 Compliance with the Building Act 1993 45 Victorian Industry Participation Policy 45 National Competition Policy 46 Government advertising expenditure 46 Major contracts 47 Consultancies 48 Financial information 49 Risk attestation Financial statements 51 Auditor-General’s report 53 Library Board of Victoria letter 54 Financial report for year ended 30 June 2017 59 Notes to the financial statements 105 Disclosure index President’s report I am pleased to present my sixth report as the donated $2 million to establish Start Space, a new President of the Library Board of Victoria.
    [Show full text]
  • Publishing the Trove Newspaper Corpus
    Publishing the Trove Newspaper Corpus Steve Cassidy Department of Computing Macquarie University Sydney, Australia Abstract The Trove Newspaper Corpus is derived from the National Library of Australia’s digital archive of newspaper text. The corpus is a snapshot of the NLA collection taken in 2015 to be made available for language research as part of the Alveo Virtual Laboratory and contains 143 million articles dating from 1806 to 2007. This paper describes the work we have done to make this large corpus available as a research collection, facilitating access to individual documents and enabling large scale processing of the newspaper text in a cloud-based environment. Keywords: newspaper, corpus, linked data 1. Introduction to reproduce published results. Alveo also aims to provide access to the data in a way that facilitates automatic pro- This paper describes a new corpus of Australian histori- cessing of the text rather than the document-by-document cal newspaper text and the process by which it was pre- interface provided by the Trove web API. pared for publication as an online resource for language research. The corpus itself is of interest as it represents The snapshot we were given of the current state of the col- a large collection of newspaper text dating from 1806 to lection contains around 143 million articles from 836 dif- around 2007. However, to make this data available in a us- ferent newspaper titles. The collection takes up 195G com- able form, rather than a very large download, we have taken pressed and was supplied as a single file containing the doc- steps to build a usable web-based interface to the individ- ument metadata encoded as JSON, one document per line.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of Classification at the Library of Congress. Occasional Papers, Number 164
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 247 953 IR 050 836 AUTHOR Miksa, Francis TITLE The Development of Classification at the Library of Congress. Occasional Papers, Number 164. INSTITUTION Illinois Univ., Urbana. Graduate School of Library and Information Science. PUB DATE Aug 84 NOTE 81p. AVAILABLE FROMGraduate School of Library and Information Science, Publications Office, University of Illinois, 249 Armory Building, 505 Z. Armory Street, Champaign, IL 61820 ($3.00 per copy; subscription, $13.00 per year). PUB TYPE Historical Materials (060) -- Reports - Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from ZDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Classification; History; Indexing; *Library Catalogs; Library Collections IDENTIFIERS *Library of Congress Classification; Subject Access (Classification) ABSTRACT This paper traces the development of classification at the Library of Congress in terms of its broader context and by accounting for changes in the present system since its initial period of creation betweeq-1898 and 1910 and the present. Topics covered include: (1) Early Zrowth of thi Collections; (2) Subject Access During the Early Years; (3) A. R. Spofford and the Growth of the Library of Congress; (4) Spofford and Subject Access; (5) From Spofford to John Russell Young; (6) Trends in Classification; (7) A Tentative Beginning, 1897-98; (8) Years of Decision, 1899-1901; (9) Classification Development, 1901 -11: General Features; (10) Classification Development, 1901-11: Collocation Patterns; (11) Progress on the Classification: 1901-11; (12)- Classification Development: 1912-30; (13) Classification Development: 1930-46--An Interlude; and (14) Classification Development: 1947-Present. A Mot of annotated references completes the report. (THC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by ZDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
    [Show full text]
  • 'GETTING' BETTER Author: Rose Holley, Manager
    RESOURCE SHARING IN AUSTRALIA: FIND AND GET IN TROVE – MAKING ‘GETTING’ BETTER Author: Rose Holley, Manager - Trove, National Library of Australia [email protected] Conference Paper - ALIA Information Online 2011: 1-3 February 2011, Sydney, Australia 5000 words Final Version: 7 January 2011 ABSTRACT Trove http://trove.nla.gov.au is the National Australian discovery service focusing on Australia and Australians, launched at the end of 2009. It has been created and is managed by the National Library of Australia. Trove harvests metadata from over 1000 Australian libraries and other cultural heritage institutions and organisations, giving the public free access to over 100 million items. A guiding principle of Trove is ‘Find and Get’. The first principle to ‘find’ has been achieved well. A user can find a wealth of information and format types in a single search, aggregated from many sources. The relevance ranking and zoning of results makes finding quick and easy. Therefore the focus of the Trove team for the latter half of 2010 and into 2011 has been to improve the ‘get’ options. This paper gives an overview of how ‘getting’ has been improved so far, current work underway, and ideas for the future. ‘Get’ includes buy, borrow (national loans), copy, digital view, print on demand and digitise on demand. __________________________________________________________________________ 1. OVERVIEW Trove http://trove.nla.gov.au, the Australian discovery service focused on Australia and Australians, was launched in late 2009 by the National Library of Australia (NLA). Trove harvests metadata from over 1000 Australian libraries and other cultural heritage organisations, allowing free public access to over 100 million items.
    [Show full text]
  • The Next Great Copyright Act
    THE NEXT GREAT COPYRIGHT ACT Twenty-Sixth Horace S. Manges Lecture by Maria A. Pallante1 I. INTRODUCTION Tonight my topic is the next great copyright act, but before I speak about the future, I would like to talk a little about the past, including the role of the Copyright Office in past revision activities. In my remarks, I will address the need for comprehensive review and revision of U.S. copyright law, identify the most significant issues, and suggest a framework by which Congress should weigh the public interest, which includes the interests of authors. I also will address the necessary evolution of the Copyright Office itself. Those of you who have been to our offices in Washington know that we have a conference room featuring portraits of the former Registers of Copyright dating back to 1897.2 When guests are seated at our table, the former Registers preside on high, wearing a variety of expressions and overseeing complex conversations about copyright law in the digital age. Sometimes I think they would be startled by the discussions we have, but then again it might all sound familiar. Solberg (1887-1933) Thorvald Solberg was the first and longest-serving Register of Copyrights. He seems inspired in his portrait, and for good reason. Solberg was a visionary leader, a champion of authors’ rights, and an early advocate for the United States’ adherence to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (“Berne Convention”).3 Under his care, the Copyright Office grew from a handful of employees to more than a hundred professional staff, and took on the many assorted roles that are still critical to the mission of the Office today.
    [Show full text]
  • Reading Guide and Book Club Questions
    About This Guide The questions, discussion topics, and suggestions for further reading that follow are designed to enhance your group’s discussion of The Underground Railroad, a triumph of a novel by Colson Whitehead About This Book Cora is a slave on a cotton plantation in Georgia. Life is hell for all the slaves, but especially bad for Cora; an outcast even among her fellow Africans, she is coming into womanhood—where even greater pain awaits. When Caesar, a recent arrival from Virginia, tells her about the Underground Railroad, they decide to take a terrifying risk and escape. Matters do not go as planned—Cora kills a young white boy who tries to capture her. Though they manage to find a station and head north, they are being hunted. In Whitehead’s ingenious conception, the Underground Railroad is no mere metaphor—engineers and conductors operate a secret network of tracks and tunnels beneath the Southern soil. Cora and Caesar’s first stop is South Carolina, in a city that initially seems like a haven. But the city’s placid surface masks an insidious scheme designed for its black denizens. And even worse: Ridgeway, the relentless slave catcher, is close on their heels. Forced to flee again, Cora embarks on a harrowing flight, state by state, seeking true freedom. Cora’s journey is an odyssey through time as well as space. As Whitehead brilliantly re-creates the unique terrors for black people in the pre–Civil War era, his narrative seamlessly weaves the saga of America from the brutal importation of Africans to the unfulfilled promises of the present day.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nickel Boys When Elwood Curtis, a Black Boy Growing up in 1960S
    The Nickel Boys By Colson Whitehead When Elwood Curtis, a black boy growing up in 1960s Tallahassee, is unfairly sentenced to a juvenile reformatory called the Nickel Academy, he finds himself trapped in a grotesque chamber of horrors. Elwood’s only salvation is his friendship with fellow “delinquent” Turner. As life at the Academy becomes ever more perilous, the tension between Elwood’s ideals and Turner’s scepticism leads to a decision whose repercussions will echo down the decades. Things to think about Here are some questions to think about. Feel free to answer as many as you like, or to come up with your own discussion points if you prefer. There is space below to write comments. 1. The prologue sets up the modern-day discovery of the horrors which took place at the Nickel. How did this affect your reading of the story? 2. Elwood knows he is “as good as anyone”. How does this shape his story? 3. Elwood repeatedly returns to one of Martin Luther King’s mantras, “Throw us in jail and we will still love you.” Do you think there is a moment where he abandons this? 4. Elwood and Turner are real opposites in outlook and character. What do you think this signifies, especially given the book’s ending? 5. What does Turner learn from Elwood? 6. The boys maintain a sense of humour in the face of terrible trauma and mistreatment. What do you think this signifies? About the author Colson Whitehead is the author of 7 novels including The Underground Railroad, which won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • John Henry Days 1St Edition Kindle
    JOHN HENRY DAYS 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Colson Whitehead | 9780385498203 | | | | | John Henry Days 1st edition PDF Book A sort of fantasia around the fictional release of a commemorative stamp honoring the folk hero John Henry, the book convincingly imagines a wide range of American lives--all the people associated with the festivities planned to launch the new stamp, including journalists, publicists, a small town's officials and citizens, assorted guests such as a stamp collector and the daughter of a collector of John Henry-ana , and John Henry himself. Inquire if you need further information. Back to home page Return to top. Published by Liguori Publications He traces this from the early period of musical commodification of sheet music to records to Broadway plays and the same with the field of writing in the realm of publicity and marketing with the rise of the Internet. May 21, Chris O'Brien rated it liked it. More information about this seller Contact this seller 5. Of course, "The Intuitionist" and " Apex Hides the Hurt " were so brilliant that most novels are weaker than them. It may be that the soiling is from smoke - not from tobacco - but from having been exposed to wood smoke. The lines "So much depends upon a red pickup truck, filled with crackers," and "a runway model dares to eat a peach" both made me laugh at their cleverness, but it was a hollow laughter, as they served no purpose other than act as a knowing wink between over-educated author and over-educated reader. When I was a young man.
    [Show full text]