R.E.I.N.A. Towards Pervasive Interface Agents That Transcend The
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CONFIRM: Evaluating Compatibility and Relevance of Control-flow Integrity Protections for Modern Software.” in Proc
Xiaoyang Xu, Masoud Ghaffarinia, Wenhao Wang, Kevin W. Hamlen, and Zhiqiang Lin. “CONFIRM: Evaluating Compatibility and Relevance of Control-flow Integrity Protections for Modern Software.” In Proc. 28th USENIX Security Symposium, August 2019. CONFIRM: Evaluating Compatibility and Relevance of Control-flow Integrity Protections for Modern Software Xiaoyang Xu Masoud Ghaffarinia∗ Wenhao Wang∗ University of Texas at Dallas University of Texas at Dallas University of Texas at Dallas Kevin W. Hamlen Zhiqiang Lin University of Texas at Dallas Ohio State University Abstract one of the strongest known defenses against modern control- flow hijacking attacks, including return-oriented program- CONFIRM (CONtrol-Flow Integrity Relevance Metrics) is a new evaluation methodology and microbenchmarking suite ming (ROP) [60] and other code-reuse attacks. These attacks for assessing compatibility, applicability, and relevance of trigger dataflow vulnerabilities (e.g., buffer overflows) to ma- control-flow integrity (CFI) protections for preserving the in- nipulate control data (e.g., return addresses) to hijack victim tended semantics of software while protecting it from abuse. software. By restricting program execution to a set of legiti- Although CFI has become a mainstay of protecting certain mate control-flow targets at runtime, CFI can mitigate many classes of software from code-reuse attacks, and continues of these threats. to be improved by ongoing research, its ability to preserve Inspired by the initial CFI work [1], there has been prolific intended program functionalities (semantic transparency) of new research on CFI in recent years, mainly aimed at improv- diverse, mainstream software products has been under-studied ing performance, enforcing richer policies, obtaining higher in the literature. -
Lightweight Distros on Test
GROUP TEST LIGHTWEIGHT DISTROS LIGHTWEIGHT DISTROS GROUP TEST Mayank Sharma is on the lookout for distros tailor made to infuse life into his ageing computers. On Test Lightweight distros here has always been a some text editing, and watch some Linux Lite demand for lightweight videos. These users don’t need URL www.linuxliteos.com Talternatives both for the latest multi-core machines VERSION 2.0 individual apps and for complete loaded with several gigabytes of DESKTOP Xfce distributions. But the recent advent RAM or even a dedicated graphics Does the second version of the distro of feature-rich resource-hungry card. However, chances are their does enough to justify its title? software has reinvigorated efforts hardware isn’t supported by the to put those old, otherwise obsolete latest kernel, which keeps dropping WattOS machines to good use. support for older hardware that is URL www.planetwatt.com For a long time the primary no longer in vogue, such as dial-up VERSION R8 migrators to Linux were people modems. Back in 2012, support DESKTOP LXDE, Mate, Openbox who had fallen prey to the easily for the i386 chip was dropped from Has switching the base distro from exploitable nature of proprietary the kernel and some distros, like Ubuntu to Debian made any difference? operating systems. Of late though CentOS, have gone one step ahead we’re getting a whole new set of and dropped support for the 32-bit SparkyLinux users who come along with their architecture entirely. healthy and functional computers URL www.sparkylinux.org that just can’t power the newer VERSION 3.5 New life DESKTOP LXDE, Mate, Xfce and others release of Windows. -
4C24fb34-Ubuntu-Server-Guide.Pdf
Introduction Welcome to the Ubuntu Server Guide! Download the Ubuntu server guide as a PDF. This is the preliminary and in development for the next Ubuntu LTS, Focal Fossa. Contents may have errors and omissions. Changes, Errors, and Bugs If you find any errors or have suggestions for improvements to pages, please use the link at thebottomof each topic titled: “Help improve this document in the forum.” This link will take you to the Server Discourse forum for the specific page you are viewing. There you can share your comments or let us know aboutbugs with each page. Support There are a couple of different ways that Ubuntu Server Edition is supported: commercial support and community support. The main commercial support (and development funding) is available from Canonical, Ltd. They supply reasonably- priced support contracts on a per desktop or per server basis. For more information see the Ubuntu Advantage page. Community support is also provided by dedicated individuals and companies that wish to make Ubuntu the best distribution possible. Support is provided through multiple mailing lists, IRC channels, forums, blogs, wikis, etc. The large amount of information available can be overwhelming, but a good search engine query can usually provide an answer to your questions. See the Ubuntu Support page for more information. Installation This chapter provides a quick overview of installing Ubuntu 20.04 Server Edition. For more detailed instruc- tions, please refer to the Ubuntu Installation Guide. Preparing to Install This section explains various aspects to consider before starting the installation. System Requirements Ubuntu 20.04 Server Edition provides a common, minimalist base for a variety of server applications, such as file/print services, web hosting, email hosting, etc. -
Praise for the Official Ubuntu Book
Praise for The Official Ubuntu Book “The Official Ubuntu Book is a great way to get you started with Ubuntu, giving you enough information to be productive without overloading you.” —John Stevenson, DZone Book Reviewer “OUB is one of the best books I’ve seen for beginners.” —Bill Blinn, TechByter Worldwide “This book is the perfect companion for users new to Linux and Ubuntu. It covers the basics in a concise and well-organized manner. General use is covered separately from troubleshooting and error-handling, making the book well-suited both for the beginner as well as the user that needs extended help.” —Thomas Petrucha, Austria Ubuntu User Group “I have recommended this book to several users who I instruct regularly on the use of Ubuntu. All of them have been satisfied with their purchase and have even been able to use it to help them in their journey along the way.” —Chris Crisafulli, Ubuntu LoCo Council, Florida Local Community Team “This text demystifies a very powerful Linux operating system . in just a few weeks of having it, I’ve used it as a quick reference a half dozen times, which saved me the time I would have spent scouring the Ubuntu forums online.” —Darren Frey, Member, Houston Local User Group This page intentionally left blank The Official Ubuntu Book Sixth Edition This page intentionally left blank The Official Ubuntu Book Sixth Edition Benjamin Mako Hill Matthew Helmke Amber Graner Corey Burger With Jonathan Jesse, Kyle Rankin, and Jono Bacon Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid Capetown • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. -
SIGCHI Conference Paper Format
Alternatives to Traditional Laboratory-based Usability Testing in Free/Libre/Open Source Software Celeste Lyn Paul KDE www.kde.org [email protected] ABSTRACT usability testing in FLOSS projects. The university In this workshop position paper, two case studies of laboratory-based usability testing study and the pilot of the alternative ways to conduct usability testing in community-based usability testing study have also been Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects are summarized in [2]. described. The first case study involves making the usability test a university project and using students to University Laboratory-based Usability Testing conduct the testing. The second case study involves using The first example is a case of laboratory-based usability members of the open source user community to help testing for Kubuntu's Ubiquity [6] software. Ubiquity is the organize the usability test, recruit participants, and conduct installation software for the Kubuntu Linux distribution. It the usability test. These two case studies provide a helps guide the user partition the disk drive, set up a user beginning point for discussing ways of adjusting traditional account, and install system files to the computer. The usability methods for FLOSS practices. Kubuntu development team was concerned about the usability of the software, and was interested in getting Author Keywords feedback via usability testing. free/libre/open source software, usability testing. The usability test was set up as a semester project at the ACM Classification Keywords University of Baltimore in Maryland in an interaction H5.m. Information interfaces and presentation (e.g., HCI): design methods graduate course. -
Ubuntu Server Guide Basic Installation Preparing to Install
Ubuntu Server Guide Welcome to the Ubuntu Server Guide! This site includes information on using Ubuntu Server for the latest LTS release, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa). For an offline version as well as versions for previous releases see below. Improving the Documentation If you find any errors or have suggestions for improvements to pages, please use the link at thebottomof each topic titled: “Help improve this document in the forum.” This link will take you to the Server Discourse forum for the specific page you are viewing. There you can share your comments or let us know aboutbugs with any page. PDFs and Previous Releases Below are links to the previous Ubuntu Server release server guides as well as an offline copy of the current version of this site: Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa): PDF Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver): Web and PDF Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus): Web and PDF Support There are a couple of different ways that the Ubuntu Server edition is supported: commercial support and community support. The main commercial support (and development funding) is available from Canonical, Ltd. They supply reasonably- priced support contracts on a per desktop or per-server basis. For more information see the Ubuntu Advantage page. Community support is also provided by dedicated individuals and companies that wish to make Ubuntu the best distribution possible. Support is provided through multiple mailing lists, IRC channels, forums, blogs, wikis, etc. The large amount of information available can be overwhelming, but a good search engine query can usually provide an answer to your questions. -
Explainable Embodied Agents Through Social Cues: a Review
Explainable Embodied Agents Through Social Cues: A Review SEBASTIAN WALLKÖTTER∗ and SILVIA TULLI∗, Uppsala University and INESC-ID - Instituto Superior Técnico GINEVRA CASTELLANO, Uppsala University, Sweden ANA PAIVA, INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal MOHAMED CHETOUANI, Institute for Intelligent Systems and Robotics, CNRS UMR 7222, Sorbonne Université, France The issue of how to make embodied agents explainable has experienced a surge of interest over the last three years, and, there are many terms that refer to this concept, e.g., transparency or legibility. One reason for this high variance in terminology is the unique array of social cues that embodied agents can access in contrast to that accessed by non-embodied agents. Another reason is that different authors use these terms in different ways. Hence, we review the existing literature on explainability and organizeitby(1) providing an overview of existing definitions, (2) showing how explainability is implemented and how it exploits different social cues, and (3) showing how the impact of explainability is measured. Additionally, we present a list of open questions and challenges that highlight areas that require further investigation by the community. This provides the interested reader with an overview of the current state-of-the-art. CCS Concepts: • Computing methodologies → Intelligent agents; Reasoning about belief and knowledge; • Computer systems organization → Robotics; • General and reference → Metrics; • Human-centered computing → User models. Additional Key Words and Phrases: transparency, interpretability, explainability, accountability, expressive behaviour, intelligibility, legibility, predictability, explainable agency, embodied social agents, robots ACM Reference Format: Sebastian Wallkötter, Silvia Tulli, Ginevra Castellano, Ana Paiva, and Mohamed Chetouani. 2019. Explainable Embodied Agents Through Social Cues: A Review. -
Allscripts Unity Cardioperfect Interface – Installation and Configuration Guide
Welch Allyn Vital Signs Allscripts Unity Interface Installation and configuration guide ii Welch Allyn Vital Signs Allscripts Unity Interface © 2018 Welch Allyn. All rights are reserved. To support the intended use of the product described in this publication, the purchaser of the product is permitted to copy this publication, for internal distribution only, from the media provided by Welch Allyn. No other use, reproduction, or distribution of this publication, or any part of it, is permitted without written permission from Welch Allyn. Welch Allyn assumes no responsibility for any injury to anyone, or for any illegal or improper use of the product, that may result from failure to use this product in accordance with the instructions, precautions, warnings, or statement of intended use published in this manual. Software in this product is copyrighted by Welch Allyn or its vendors. All rights are reserved. The software is protected by United States of America copyright laws and international treaty provisions applicable worldwide. Under such laws, the licensee is entitled to use the copy of the software incorporated with this instrument as intended in the operation of the product in which it is embedded. The software may not be copied, decompiled, reverse-engineered, disassembled or otherwise reduced to human- perceivable form. This is not a sale of the software or any copy of the software; all right, title and ownership of the software remain with Welch Allyn or its vendors. User responsibility This product is designed to perform in conformity with the description thereof contained in this operation manual, when installed, operated, maintained and repaired in accordance with the instructions provided. -
Andrei Homescu Michael Stewart Stefan Brunthaler Per Larsen Michael Franz University of California Irvine Return-Oriented Programming
Andrei Homescu Michael Stewart Stefan Brunthaler Per Larsen Michael Franz University of California Irvine Return-oriented Programming Gadget 1 Simplified ROP jailbreak attack ... OPEN 0x080 RETURN Gadget 3 Gadget 2 ... ... CONNECTION ADD EAX, EBX Gadget 3 RETURN POP EBP ... RETURN TO THE Stack growth RETURN Gadget 4 ... WHITEHOUSE 0x1C0 RETURN 2 Return-oriented Programming Original version: hand-picked set of gadgets from libc; downside: specific to library (Debian 5 libc) Later work uses automated scanners: Scan for 1-instruction gadgets Match using expression trees Use postconditions Formulate gadget outputs as boolean functions SMT solver 3 Complicated Gadgets More than one instruction per gadget Complex instruction operands (memory offsets, immediates) Interference between instructions 4 Gadget Examples ADD EAX, [EBX+0x35CFE022] 03 83 22 E0 CF 35 LEA EAX, [EBX+2*EAX+0x20] 8D 44 43 20 INC [0x98560F0E] FF 05 0E 0F 56 98 ADD EAX, EBX 01 D8 INC EAX 40 ADD EAX, 0x20 83 C0 20 POP EBP 5D 5 Goals for Our Gadget Set Ubiquity In as many binaries as possible Computational Power Turing-complete Simplicity 6 Key Insight for Ubiquity Smaller gadgets occur more frequently 7 Microgadget Set Focus on very small gadgets (2-3 bytes) Grouped into classes, by operation 1 instruction + RET in each gadget Expectation: find this set very frequently in large binaries (ubiquity) 8 Smallest Gadget RET C3 9 2 Byte Microgadgets XCHG EAX,reg for register-to-register moves POP reg for loading constants LAHF / PUSHF for loading flags INC / DEC reg CLC /SAHF / DAA / ... to clear carry flag PUSHA to copy ESP into another register LEAVE to change ESP LODSD / STOSD for memory accesses PUSH reg for control flow (function calls) 10 2 Byte Microgadgets XCHG EAX,reg for register-to-register moves POP reg for loading constants LAHF / PUSHF for loading flags INC / DEC reg CLC /SAHF / DAA / .. -
Conversational Agents in Software Engineering: Survey, Taxonomy and Challenges
Conversational Agents in Software Engineering: Survey, Taxonomy and Challenges QUIM MOTGER and XAVIER FRANCH, Department of Service and Information System Engineering (ESSI), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain JORDI MARCO, Department of Computer Science (CS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain The use of natural language interfaces in the field of human-computer interaction is undergoing intense study through dedicated scientific and industrial research. The latest contributions in the field, including deep learning approaches like recurrent neural networks, the potential of context-aware strategies and user-centred design approaches, have brought back the attention of the community to software-based dialogue systems, generally known as conversational agents or chatbots. Nonetheless, and given the novelty of the field, a generic, context-independent overview on the current state of research of conversational agents covering all research perspectives involved is missing. Motivated by this context, this paper reports a survey of the current state of research of conversational agents through a systematic literature review of secondary studies. The conducted research is designed to develop an exhaustive perspective through a clear presentation of the aggregated knowledge published by recent literature within a variety of domains, research focuses and contexts. As a result, this research proposes a holistic taxonomy of the different dimensions involved in the conversational agents’ field, which is expected to -
Reducing Task Load with an Embodied Intelligent Virtual Assistant for Improved Performance in Collaborative Decision Making
Reducing Task Load with an Embodied Intelligent Virtual Assistant for Improved Performance in Collaborative Decision Making Kangsoo Kim* Celso M. de Melo† Nahal Norouzi‡ Gerd Bruder§ University of Central Florida US Army Research Laboratory University of Central Florida University of Central Florida Gregory F. Welch¶ University of Central Florida ABSTRACT the overhead caused by the collaboration. A large body of literature Collaboration in a group has the potential to achieve more effective in social psychology and collaborative learning has investigated this solutions for challenging problems, but collaboration per se is not phenomenon and identified the importance of reducing task load in an easy task, rather a stressful burden if the collaboration partners collaborative situations while still emphasizing the improvement of do not communicate well with each other. While Intelligent Virtual task performance at the same time. Assistants (IVAs), such as Amazon Alexa, are becoming part of our With the advent of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) and natu- daily lives, there are increasing occurrences in which we collaborate ral language processing (NLP), intelligent virtual assistants (IVAs) with such IVAs for our daily tasks. Although IVAs can provide have experienced dramatic technological achievements in both re- important support to users, the limited verbal interface in the current search and commercial application fields [55]. While IVAs, such state of IVAs lacks the ability to provide effective non-verbal social as Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple Siri, are becoming cues, which is critical for improving collaborative performance and part of our daily lives, there are increasing occurrences in which reducing task load. we collaborate with such IVAs for our daily tasks [54, 63]. -
ION IMPLEMENTATION of the DTN PROTOCOL DTN Devkit
ION DTNIMPLEMENTATION DevKit – Hands-On PortionOF of THE the ION DTNCourse PROTOCOL ©2020 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved. Approved 1 for public release. Distribution unlimited 19‐03234‐1. If you have issues, please send questions Purpose to: [email protected] • Part of the ION course involves hands‐on labs: • Visualize how ION works and how data flows using ION • Get experience configuring ION nodes • Code a simple ION application • The labs use a pre‐built virtual machine that comes with • ION • An emulation mechanism with a GUI • A number of pre‐built scenarios with applications that use ION • Separate scenarios will be distributed during the class for use / discussion • Tools (Wireshark, visualizations for the ION contact plan, etc.) • These slides describe how to install the pre‐built virtual machine to be ready to run the exercises ©2020 The MITRE Corporation. All rights reserved. Approved for 2 public release. Distribution unlimited 19‐03234‐1. Overview • Install Oracle VirtualBox • The pre‐built VM is an Ubuntu machine that can be run under Windows or Mac • Pull the DTNDevKit .iso image • https://www.nasa.gov/content/dtn • Scroll to the bottom • Use the link for the DTN Development/Deployment Kit • Note: the username and password are both ‘cvm’ (no quotes) • Create a virtual machine in VirtualBox that uses the DevKit VM • Creates a VM that boots the DTNDevKit .iso image • (Optional) Create a mutable copy of the VM • The .iso image is fixed –changes won’t be saved between reboots • ‘Installing’ the .iso onto your own VM allows changes to persist ©2020 The MITRE Corporation.