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Pachyderm S P E C I E S S U R V I V a L 1995 Number 20 C O M M I S S I O N Contents

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Pachyderm S P E C I E S S U R V I V a L 1995 Number 20 C O M M I S S I O N Contents 1995 Number 20 Pachyderm S P E C I E S S U R V I V A L 1995 Number 20 C O M M I S S I O N Contents 1 Chairman’s Report: Asian Rhino Specialist Group Mohd Khan bin Momin Khan with Thomas J. Foose and Nico J. van Strien 2 Rapport du Président: Groupe de Spécialistes du Rhinocéros Asiatique Mohd Khan bin Momin Khan avec Editor Ruth Chunge Thomas J. Foose et Nico J. van Strien Editorial Board Holly Dublin 3 Chairman’s Report: African Rhino Specialist Group Chryssee Martin Esmond Bradley Martin Martin Brooks Mark Stanley Price Nico Van Strien Lucy Vigne 5 Rapport du Président: Groupe de Spécialistes du Clive Walker Rhinocéros Africain All correspondence, including enquiries about subscription, Martin Brooks should be sent to: The Editor 8 Chairman’s Report: African Elephant Specialist Group Pachyderm WWF Regional Office Holly T. Dublin PO Box 62440 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: 254-2-331543/332963 8 Rapport de la Présidente: Groupe de Spécialistes de Fax: 254-2-332878 l’EIéphant Africain Holly T. Dublin 10 Nepal’s Rhinos — One of the Greatest Conservation Success Stories Esmond B. Martin and Lucy Vigne 27 Research on the Effects of Temporary Horn Removal on Black Rhinos in Namibia Publicationn costs for this issue have been provided by the United States Malan Lindeque and K Peter Erb Fish and Wildlife Service 31 Rhino Protection in Communal Areas, Namibia Blythe Loutit Cover photo: A male nothern white rhinoceros Ceratotherium simum cottoni IUCNThe World Conservation Union in Garamba National Park, Zaire. Photo credit: Kes and Fraser Smith Pachyderm No. 20, 1995 33 Darting and Marking Black Rhinoceros on Foot: Part of a PachydermMonitoring and Population Estimation Technique in Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Park, South Africa 1995 Norman S. Galli and Jacques R.B. Number Flamand 20 39 Subspecies and Ecotypes of the Black Rhinoceros L.C. Rookmaaker 41 Facilitation of Boma Adaptation of an Injured Subadult Male Southern White Rhinoceros, Ceratotherium simum simum, via Introduction to an Adult Male Steven A. Osofsky, Peter S. Rogers and Andrew Trawford 45 Studying Forest Elephants by Direct Observation: Preliminary Results from the Dzanga Clearing, Central African Republic Andrea Turkalo and J. Michael Fay 55 Evidence for the Effectiveness of an Oleo-Resin Capsicum Aerosol as a Repellent against Wild Elephants in Zimbabwe Ferrel V. Osborn and L.E.L. Rasmussen 65 The Domestication of the African Elephant Eve Iversen 69 Man and Elephant in the Tsavo Area of Kenya: an Anthropological Perspective Jean-Luc Ville 73 Notice to Contributors ERRATA The following references were erroneously omitted from the reference list in the article by A. K. Kes Hillman smith et al. in Pachyderm 19: Koontz, F.W. (1993) summary of results and observations on the deploy- ment of satellite radio collars 9104 and 9105. Draft report. wcs. 32 pp. Smith, K., Smith, F., Mbayma, A., Monungu, L., Watkin, J., de Merode, E., Amube, N. & Eza, K. (1993) Garamba National Park, General Aerial count, May 1993. Report to lZCN, WWF, FZS, IUCN, UNESCO. Pachyderm No. 20, 1995 CHAIRMAN’S REPORT: ASIAN RHINO SPECIALIST GROUP Mohd Khan bin Momin Khan1, Chairman, With Thomas J. Foose2 and Nico J. Van Strien3, Programme Officers 1 Forestry Dept., ITTO Unit, 5th Floor, Wisma Sumber Alam, Petra Jaya, Jalan Stadium, 93600 Kuching Sarawak, Malaysia 2 International Rhino Foundation, c/o The Wilds, 14000 International Road, Cumberland OH 43215, USA 3 Julianaweg 2, 3941 DM Doom, Netherlands The Global Environment Facility project to initiate the The revised version of the Action Plan will be implementation of the Conservation Strategy for completed by September 1995 with publication by Rhinoceros in Indonesia and Malaysia was activated in the end of the year. April 1995. The project is concentrating on training and deployment of more intensive anti-poaching teams in A population and habitat viability assessment both nations as well as improving the institutional capacity workshop for Malaysia rhinos will be conducted in for the co-ordination of rhino conservation activities. Sandakan, Sabah, in late November, 1995. Immediately thereafter there will be a meeting of the Progress continues on the development of managed AsRSG on more general matters. breeding centres for the Sumatran rhino, both in its native habitat and under more natural conditions. One Finally, the Programme Officers of the AsRSG have centre will be in Indonesia within the Way Kambas attempted an assessment of Asian Rhino taxa/ National Park, while the other will emerge in Malaysia populations using the newly published IUCN Red List through an expansion of the existing captive facility at Categories. The results appear in the table below and Sungai Dusun into the adjacent Wildlife Reserve, where indicate that of the seven taxa most recognised, one many of the animals in captivity were captured. is probably extinct, four are critically endangered, and two are endangered. In terms of the three species, two The first issue of the new AsRSG newsletter Asian are critically endangered and one is endangered. Rhinos was published in January 1995 and the next issue will be published in July/August 1995. IUCN Red List Categories. assessment of Asian rhino status. JAVAN RHINO SUMATRAN RHINO INDIAN RHINO IUCN CRITERIA* A. POPULATION REDUCTION VU CR? CR CR - VU? VU B. EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE EN EN EN EN - EN EN C.&D. POPULATION ESTIMATE CR CR CR? CR - VU VU E. PROBABILITY OF EXTINCTION EN? CR? CR? CR? - VU? VU? OVERALL RATING CR CR CR CR EN? EN EN *Revised IUCN Categories approved by the 40th meeting of the IUCN Council, 30 November1994 EX=Extinct CR=Critically endangered EN=Endangered VU= Vulnerable Pachyderm No. 21, 1996 1 RAPPORT DU PRESIDENT: GROUPE DE SPECIALISTES DU RHINOCEROS ASIATIQUE Mohd Khan bin Momin Khan1, Président, avec Thomas J. Foose2 et Nico Van Strien3, responsables de programmes 1 Forestry Dept., ITTO Unit, 5th Floor, Wisma Sumber Alam, Petra Jaya, Jalan Stadium, 93600 Kuching Sarawak, Malaisie 2 International Rhino Foundation, c/o The Wilds, 14000 International Road, Cumberland OH 43215, USA 3 Julianaweg 2, 3941 DM Doorn, Pay-Bas Le projet de Fonds pour l’Environnement Mondial pour du GSRAs, est sorti en janvier 1995, et le suivant sera lancer la réalisation de la Stratégie de Conservation des publié en juillet-août 1995. La version révisée du Plan Rhinocéros d’Indonésie et de Malaisie a commencé en d’Action sera terminée en septembre 1995 et paraîtra avril 1995. Le projet se concentre sur la formation et la vers la fin de l’année. mise en place de patrouilles antibraconnage plus intensives dans les deux pays ainsi que sur Un atelier sur l’évaluation de la viabilité des populations 1’amélioration du potentiel institutionnel chargé de la et des habitats pour les rhinos de Malaisie, se tiendra à coordination des activités de protection des rhinocéros. Sandakan, Sabah, à la fin de novembre 1995. Il sera immédiatement suivi d’une réunion du GSRAs qui Les progrès se poursuivent dans la mise au point de débattra de sujets plus généraux. centres de reproduction contrôlée des Rhinocéros de Sumatra, dans leur habitat d’origine et dans des Enfin, les responsables de projets du GSRAs ont participé conditions plus naturelles. Un centre se trouvera en à une évaluation des taxons/populations des rhinos Indonésie, dans le Parc National de Way Kambas, tandis asiatiques en utilisant les Catégories récemment publiées que l’autre sera créé en Malaisie grâce à une extension dans la Liste Rouge de 1’UICN. Le tableau ci-dessous dans la réserve de faune adjacente où ont d’ailleurs été en donne les résultats et indique que parmi les sept taxons capturés la plupart des animaux captifs, du dispositif les plus généralement reconnus, un est probablement actuel de maintien en captivié situé à Sungai Dusun. éteint, quatre sont gravement menacés et deux sont en danger. Si l’on parle des trois espèces, deux sont en Le premier numéro de Asian Rhinos, la nouvelle lettre situation d’extrême danger et une est en danger. Catégories de Ia Liste Rouge de l’UICN: évaluation du statut des rhinos asiatiques. JAVAN RHINO SUMATRAN RHINO INDIAN RHINO CRITERES de l’UICN* A. Réduction de la population VU CR? CR CR - VU? VU B. Fréquence EN EN EN EN - EN EN C.&D. Estimation de la population CR CR CR? CR - VU VU E. Probabilité d’extinction EN? CR? CR? CR? - VU? VU? QUOTATION GEGERALE CR CR CR CR EN? EN EN *Catégorias et Critères révisés de l’UlCN, approuvés lors de Ia 40ème réunion du Conseil de l’UICN, le 3 novembre 1994. EX=Eteint; CR=En exréme danger; EN=En danger; VU= Vulnérable 2 Pachyderm No. 21 1996 CHAIRMAN’S REPORT: AFRICAN RHINO SPECIALIST GROUP Martin Brooks Natal Parks Board, PO Box 662, Pietermaritzburg 3200, South Africa Northern White Rhino Conservation The results of recent international studies of the costs Workshop and benefits of different approaches to rhino conservation, and the economics of rhino conservation The meeting to debate and review the conservation and trade, are awaited with particular interest and will management options to enhance the survival of the be subjected to rigorous debate. northern white rhino will take place at White Oak Conservation Centre in Florida, USA, from 18 to 20 Poaching October 1995. Apart from organising the meeting, African Rhino Specialist Group (AfRSG) members It appears that in the first half of 1995, levels of poaching are responsible for putting together background stabilised in a number of countries. This largely reflects documentation for the workshop. the fact that most rhinos now occur in small, well protected and managed “sanctuaries”. Sadly, the rhinos This meeting will bring all the key stakeholders occupying the vast, unfenced expanses of land where together to debate alternative strategies.
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