November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2323 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

FIRST QUARTERLY REPORT BY that life has not changed after reversion. The able local poll showed 78 percent of Hong THE UNITED STATES HOUSE press and media continue to be open, free, Kongers were satisfied with Tung. That num- TASK FORCE ON THE HONG and full of criticism and analysis of both the ber rose to 82 percent in early September. KONG TRANSITION Hong Kong and Beijing governments. Journal- Even among survey respondents who said ists, while wary and suspicious about China's they would vote for pro-democracy parties, 80 HON. DOUG BEREUTER long-term intentions, continue to cover the percent indicated they were satisfied with the news much as they did before July 1, 1997. chief executive, rivaling prominent pro-democ- OF NEBRASKA For example, the recent Chinese Communist racy advocate Martin Lee's 82 percent rating. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Party Congress drew extensive commentary. LOCAL AUTONOMY RESPECTED Wednesday, November 12, 1997 Journalists displayed no hesitancy in voicing The central Chinese Government appears to views not welcome in Beijing. Nonetheless, Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, in response be taking seriously President Jiang Zemin's the self-censorship that began to creep into to your directions, I have prepared the follow- pledge at the handover that no mainland gov- coverage in some papers prior to reversion ing report, the first in a series of quarterly re- ernment officials ``may or will be allowed to has continued. ports by the U.S. House Task Force on the interfere'' in the affairs which Hong Kong DemonstrationsÐby pro-democracy and should administer on its own. Premier Li Peng Hong Kong Transition on the status of Hong pro-Beijing groups and a myriad of local orga- Kong following its return to the People's Re- reiterated that pledge and gave a strong vote nizationsÐcontinue without interference or re- of confidence to Tung in mid-September while public of China. It was completed, effective striction. More than 150 demonstrations have October 1, 1997. hosting the IMF and World Bank meetings in taken place since the July 1 turnover. Indeed, Hong Kong. Far from being heavy-handed or Also at your request, I have formed the in an upturn in the number of demonstrations, insensitive, Bejing appears to have absented House Task Force on Hong Kong's Transition a gauntlet of demonstrators regularly greets itself from active involvement in Hong Kong af- to observe and report on Hong Kong's status Hong Kong Chief Executive C.H. Tung when fairs since the handover. Again and again, following its reversion to China. In addition to he arrives for weekly executive council ses- China has gone out of its way to project a be- myself as chairman, the task force will be sions. However, in a typical Hong Kong twist, nign ``smiling face'' image on Hong Kong-relat- bipartisanly balanced and will include Rep- Tung invariably trades handshakes and smiles ed matters. resentative HOWARD BERMAN, D±CA; Rep- with his critics, who line up behind the waist- LOW-KEY APPROACH resentative SHERROD BROWN, D±OH; Rep- high barricades flanking the entry to Central After installing the urbane Ma Yuzhen as resentative ENI FALEOMAVAEGA, D±AS; Rep- Government Offices as he walks past. head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs [MFA] resentative ALCEE HASTINGS, D±FL; Rep- NGO's, including those harshly critical of office in Hong Kong, and the low-key diplomat resentative JAY KIM, R±CA; Representative China, continue to operate freely. Han Jiang Enzhu to replace the always pugnacious DONALD MANZULLO, R±IL; and Representative Dongfan, exiled PRC dissident and leader of Zhou Nan at the Xinhua News Agency, the de MATT SALMON, R±AZ. As you requested, the workers' groups during the 1989 Tiananmen facto MFA representative in Hong Kong prior task force expects to travel to Hong Kong, demonstrations, reports no problems continu- Beijing, and other relevant destinations at to reversion, China has stood back and re- ing his work in Hong Kong thus far. Comment- fused to become embroiled in local issues. least every 6 months for the foreseeable fu- ing in a local newspaper, Han said it was too ture to examine how reversion has affected Xinhua, once a source of constant criticism early to tell what Beijing would eventually do, and commentary on Hong Kong Government Hong Kong. The first such visit is expected to but ``as far as I can see with all the dem- take place after the adjournment of the 1997 policy, has fallen silent. MFA head Ma Yuzhen onstrations by Democrats and othersÐthere is has deferred to the Hong Kong Government session but before the end of the calendar hope for democracy here.'' Han continues to year.***HD***Concerns Prior to Reversion on virtually all matters. His contacts with Hong broadcast regularly from Hong Kong via Radio Kong Government officials have reportedly Prior to Hong Kong's July 1, 1997, reversion Free Asia on one of its most popular pro- to Chinese sovereignty, many observers ex- been strictly limited to protocol matters. grams, ``The Labor Corner.'' Amnesty Inter- If China is attempting to influence certain is- pressed skepticism over Beijing's assurances national, Human Rights Watch and Human sues, it is doing so in a manner that is not that it would allow Hong Kong full autonomy in Rights in China representatives in Hong Kong public. Political debates China has avoided matters other than foreign policy and defense. are encouraged by the continued demonstra- commenting on or attempting to influence pub- Skeptics questioned whether Beijing could re- tions and absence of any Hong Kong Govern- licly include: sist the temptation to meddle in matters relat- ment moves to restrict their operations. Mean- The plight of illegal immigrant children with ed to freedom of expression, for example. while, democrats say that the threat to Hong the right of abode in Hong Kong. China has They were also concerned about indications Kong would come from a very slow erosion of allowed the Hong Kong courts and govern- that the Beijing-sponsored provisional legisla- the rule of law, not a sudden crackdown on ment to interpret the Basic Law's provision of ture would roll back forward-looking measures civil liberties or freedom of speech. the right of abode in Hong Kong to certain taken by the last colonial Legislative Council Concern arose in mid-September, however, Chinese nationals. Citing administrative effi- [LEGCO] and that the new provisional council when both the Chinese and the Hong Kong ciency and preventing overcrowding in would institute election rules less representa- governments objected to the credentialing of schools, Hong Kong will not allow unrestricted tive than those put into place by Governor two human rights groups to the recent IMF/ entry of PRC nationals who received the right Patten in 1995. Businessmen wondered World Bank meeting in Hong Kong. Since to live in Hong Kong when the Basic Law whether China could refrain from meddling in human rights is in the lending guidelines of comes into force on July 1. Hong Kong's affairs, either intentionally or oth- these financial institutions, participation by the Displaying the ``Republic of China'' Taiwan erwise. Maintaining the rule of law and resist- human rights groups was appropriate. The ob- flag in Hong Kong. Ma Yuzhen, when pressed ing the lure of corruption, so common in jections of the Hong Kong government are by a reporter, said the issue would be for China, were key commercial concerns. On the troubling. Ten Members of Congress, led by Hong Kong to decide. security side, skeptics questioned Hong Congressman BERMAN, wrote to Secretary of Hong Kong Government spending. Hong Kong's continued ability to maintain effective the Treasury, Robert Rubin, to express their Kong pledged one billion United States dollars export controls. The future of U.S. ship visits concern. to the IMF Thailand bail-out and committed was also in doubt. APPROVAL RATINGS HIGH over seven billion United States dollars to a IN GENERAL: SO FAR, SO GOOD Reflecting locals' belief that life goes on as railway construction project. Chinese scrutiny While Hong Kong has been under Chinese usual, Tung's approval ratings have continued of government spending under the British was sovereignty for only 3 months, public con- to climb since mid-June, when only 57 percent intense, usually hostile, and raised fears that fidence is high. Hong Kongers are close to of Hong Kongers reported they were satisfied China would not stay out of Hong Kong's af- unanimous in expressing relief and pleasure with his performance. By early August, a reli- fairs after reversion. The IMF pledge and the

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. E2324 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 rail project are early indications that China Assessments of the recent regional currency agreements on Hong Kong, are controversial does not always act like a ``control freak''Ð turmoil on Hong Kong suggest modest because they dismantle key portions of the one of Governor Patten's favorite descrip- nearterm costs. One observable increased electoral reforms put into place by Governor tionsÐand will honor the pledge to respect cost was the rise by 30 to 50 basis points Patten in 1995. The proposals maintain the Hong Kong's autonomy. It should be noted, above regular levels of 20 points in Hong original formula of 20 Legco members to be however, that China also pledged one billion Kong's interest rate risk premium. Long-term directly elected by popular vote, 30 to be United States dollars to Thailand and therefore concerns include potential shifts in trade and elected by ``functional constituencies''Ðiniti- would not likely be opposed to Hong Kong's investment as Hong Kong's goods/services ated by the British in 1985Ðand 10 to be cho- assistance. become relatively dearer. This is also true of sen by a special Election Committee. How- SINO-U.S. COOPERATION Hong Kong's important re-export trade to/from ever, the proposals would shrink the ``func- In one of the most notable examples of Chi- China. Analysts say currency problems might tional constituent'' electorate from approxi- na's smiling face approach to Hong Kong, shave just one-tenth to one-half a point off mately 2.7 million voters under the 1995 Brit- China outdid itself both in making arrange- gross domestic product growth next year, ish electoral reforms to as low as approxi- ments for the first visit of a U.S. naval ship to while a greater concern might be reduced mately 180,000, according to some estimates. Hong Kong after the handover and in project- commitment from China to reforming its finan- For the 20 directly elected seats, the propos- ing an image of friendliness when the U.S.S. cial system. als would also scrap the United States-style Blue Ridge and Seventh Fleet Commander Despite regional currency turbulence and ``winner-take-all'' style system introduced by Natter were in town. Subsequent visits by stock market volatility, monetary figures show the British in 1995 and substitute a European- other ships, including nuclear powered ships, no signs of capital flight or panic. Total depos- style ``proportional representation'' system. were equally successful. No effort was spared its in all institutions in July 1997 stood at 343 Critics fear that the new arrangements will di- to demonstrate China welcomed ship visits as billion U.S. dollars, up 15.9 percent from a lute the political power of the Hong Kong's much as British forces did. Appearing con- year earlier, with Hong Kong dollar deposits Democratic Party and favor pro-China can- didates and that seems likely to be the case. scious that their presence raises the anxiety exceeding foreign currency deposits 59.6 to Aware of this criticism, C.H. Tung, during his level in Hong Kong, the PLA garrison has 40.4 percent, respectively. The Hong Kong September visit to the United States, outlined stayed out of sightÐand even reduced its dollar, pegged to the United States dollar, has his plans over the next decade gradually to numbersÐexcept for carefully scripted appear- been steady at around 7.74 Hong Kong dol- ances by smiling senior officers. expand to 50 percent the number of directly lars per United States dollar and the Hong elected Legco seatsÐnow one-thirdÐand to BUSINESS AS USUAL Kong Monetary Authority is confident it can ef- Reflecting business confidence that Hong expand the size of the committee which will fectively defend the peg. select a new chief executive. Kong's economy will continue to prosper after The fact that things remain relatively stable reversion, Hong Kong's first and second quar- despite regional turbulence does not guaran- b. Export controls ter 1997 real gross domestic product growth tee that there will not be continued rough Another area of concern is Hong Kong's reached 6.0 percent and 6.1 percent, respec- going ahead, particularly if the currency situa- ability to maintain its high regulatory and mon- tively, thus out-pacing analysts' forecasts for tion in Southeast Asia remains volatile. The itoring standards in controlling the transfer of the year of 5.5 percent. This compares to real continued overinflated value of Hong Kong sensitive technologies. Currently, United gross domestic product growth figures for real estate could also contribute to currency States export control policy toward Hong Kong 1996 and 1995 of 4.7 and 4.8 percent, respec- instability. A certain amount of volatility, of is less restrictive than that applied to China, tively. The Hong Kong Government attributes course, is a part of any mature economy. This based on Hong Kong's past demonstration the first half improvement to a revival of do- should not affect Hong Kong's democratic that its export control policies were sufficiently mestic demand, reflected in buoyant stock and process. effective. This policy is based on the Hong property markets, modest improvement in ex- Signs so far indicate that America's sub- Kong Policy Act, which calls for continued ports, especially services, and increased in- stantial commercial interests in Hong Kong are separate treatment of Hong Kong in export vestment, some of it related to construction of benefiting from Hong Kong's continued post- controls as long as it is able to protect United the new Chek Lap Kok Airport. The inflation reversion prosperity. U.S. companies have 16 States technology and equipment. Of course, picture has also somewhat improved in 1997. billion U.S. dollars in direct investment and bil- monitoring Hong Kong's continued autonomy Consumer price increases declined from 6.0 lions more in portfolio investments. The United in this field is critical to assessing the risk to percent in 1996 to 5.9 percent in the first half States exports to Hong Kong totaled 14 billion United States nonproliferation interests. The of 1997. Unemployment dropped from 3.2 per- United States dollars in 1996 and 7.5 billion General Accounting Office points out that key cent in 1995 to 2.8 percent in 1996 and re- United States dollars in the first half of 1997. indicators to watch will include changes in the cently stood at just 2.4 percent, May±July U.S. Department of Commerce figures showed composition and volume of United States ex- ports of controlled items to Hong Kong, which 1997, largely due to recovery in the retail sec- an estimated 4.1 billion U.S. dollar U.S. trade could signal efforts by China to obtain sen- tor. surplus with Hong Kong in 1996. The first sitive technology such as the optical sensors Hong Kong's normally strong financial mar- quarter 1997 U.S. surplus reached 1.4 U.S. that it has previously been denied. Hong Kong kets weathered recent currency and stock tur- dollars. The American Chamber of Com- officials maintain that China's desire to see moil during this period but demonstrated they merce's recent Annual Business Confidence Hong Kong continue to succeed economically are not immune from shocks. While the Hong Survey showed confidence in Hong Kong's fu- will restrain such activity. To date, United Kong dollar remains strong, in late July, the ture up and highÐ95 percentÐthough tem- States officials report no change in the per- government felt compelled to vigorously de- pered by concerns about prospects for the formance of Hong Kong customs officials in fend a brief attack on its dollar by expending rule of law, the free flow of information and both pre- and post-license checks. 1.0 billion United States dollars of its reserves corruption. Specifically, many businessmen, and jacking up interest rates. Some believe both foreign and local, fear that as the main- c. Customs the real target was not the dollar, but an at- land's influence in Hong Kong increases, so Hong Kong cooperation in customs enforce- tempt to influence the Hong Kong stock mar- will the corruption which has become endemic ment is another issue that bears watching. In- ket. Hovering around 14,500 in mid-Septem- in many parts of China. creased instances of textile transhipment ber, the stock market was volatile in recent CONCERNS REMAIN through Hong Kong led United States Cus- months, scoring a record high in August of toms to impose special administrative restric- a. Election law 16,802, while registering record turnover. The tions on textiles from Hong Kong in June sell-off of Hong Kong shares is partly attrib- Despite indications that China is refraining 1996. This ``wake up call'' pressured the Hong uted to meeting cash margin calls in other from interfering in Hong Kong affairs, a num- Kong customs authorities to crack-down on markets such as those in Thailand and the ber of serious concerns remain. One primary transhipments and institute new procedures. Philippines. Another major contributor, how- concern is proposed changes to electoral By June 1997, Hong Kong had made enough ever, was a feeling that the prices of China-re- laws. On July 8, the government of the Hong progress to persuade United States Customs lated shares were badly inflated. Most applaud Kong Special Administrative Region released to lift their special administrative restrictions. Hong Kong's one billion United States dollar proposals, prepared by the Beijing-appointed Observers see no change to date between commitment and its leadership in the Thai re- Preparatory Committee, for new electoral ar- pre- and post-reversion performance on the covery program, citing the need to help neigh- rangements to govern the spring 1998 elec- part on Hong Kong customs authorities. bors while simultaneously strengthening its tions which, while adhering to the major elec- Mr. Speaker, in conclusion, Hong Kong has own defenses. toral requirements set forward in Sino-British been under China's sovereignty for only 3 November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2325 months. It is too early to judge the reversion. example, eye color and blood type are de- findings that genes that look similar act Nonetheless, indications to date are hopeful. fined by genes. Similarly, our sexual charac- similarly, have led to the use of experi- Civil liberties continue largely unaffected. The teristics, whether we are boys or girls, as mental organisms as models for human biol- David Page put it in an earlier Caucus, are ogy and human disease. economy continues to thrive. U.S. ship visits determined by our genes. Variations in other continue with little change and are indeed, IV. ORGANISMS genes result in variations in other traits: for If all organisms have similar genes, how do welcomed with open arms. However, we con- example, dwarfism, deafness and color blind- tinue to be concerned about the potential over scientists decide which organisms to study? ness can be caused by variations in genes. The short answer is that different organisms time for the constriction of democracy, media Variations in still other genes results in have different experimental advantages and self-censorship and the loss of hard-won variations in our traits that we label ‘‘dis- that by studying a variety of organisms bi- rights. Chinese and Hong Kong authorities are ease’’: Huntington’s Disease is caused by one ologists obtain different types of data that acutely aware that the eyes of the world con- such gene; variations in other genes cause or together help us understand what genes do. predispose one to cancer, cardiovascular dis- tinue to scrutinize their post-reversion actions. To provide some concrete examples of how orders, asthma, cystic fibrosis, premature studies of these simple organisms are help- That continued scrutiny is well warranted and aging, Alzheimer’s Disease, bone loss, and will help ensure that all concerned continue to ing us to understand as well to prevent and many, many other diseases. cure human disease, Phil Hieter and I will value and maintain Hong Kong's autonomy. So, genes are important to us, and crucial now talk about work involving ‘‘our’’ orga- to our health. How can we learn about our f nisms, the brewer’s yeast and the genes, what they do, and how they some- roundworm. The next slide summarizes my CONGRESSIONAL BIOMEDICAL times go wrong? One approach is to study perspective on using roundworms to study our genes—human genes—directly. Biolo- RESEARCH CAUCUS human disease, given what we know about gists do this. (I do this.) But the study of human genes and worm genes: ‘‘Worms are human genes is in many ways very slow and little people in disguise.’’ So let me start HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS inefficient. Furthermore, some types of ge- with the neurodegenerative disorders, such OF PENNSYLVANIA netic studies are simply impossible to do as Alzheimer’s Disease, and on cancer. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with people. For example, the classic method of genetics is to cross individuals with dif- V. ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND THE PRESENILINS Wednesday, November 12, 1997 ferent gene variants (called mutation); this First, let’s talk about Alzheimer’s Disease. Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, on September 10, we cannot do with people. Some, but not all, cases of Alzheimer’s Dis- the Congressional Biomedical Research Cau- III. UNIVERSALITY ease are clearly genetic, i.e. pass from parent to child. Most genetic or ‘‘familial’’ AD is Fortunately, biology has provided us with cus conducted its 57th briefing on the subject caused by changes in a single gene, known as an approach that is feasible: genes are strik- of the ``University of Genes: The Bits of DNA PS–1, for ‘‘Presenilin gene number one.’’ In ingly conserved among organisms, so we can That Make Us What We Are.'' Dr. H. Robert 1995 this gene was isolated biochemically. study genes in experimental organisms and Horvitz, Howard Hughes Medical Institute in- What does it do? How can we find out? Sim- in this way learn what genes do in us. Let me ply having access to a gene is not enough to vestigator and professor of biology at MIT, and show you an example from my own research. tell us what it does unless it is sufficiently Dr. Philip Heiter, professor of medical genetics I study two organisms, human beings and the similar to a gene we already know about. of the University of British Columbia, Van- nematode roundworm known as C. elegans. PS–1 is similar to four other known genes. couver, spoke about the similarity of genes My focus in humans is on Lou Gehrig’s Dis- One, called PS–2, is a second Alzheimer’s ease, or ALS, the devastating disease that across species and how this discovery assists gene isolated in 1995. The other three are all killed Lou Gehrig, Jacob Javlts, David in biomedical research. in the roundworm C. elegans. How similar are Niven, and many others. Four years ago, I was particularly pleased to have Dr. these worm genes to the human genes? In with a team of collaborators, we found a Horvitz participate because as a member of one experiment, researchers at Columbia gene responsible for ALS, a gene known as University in NYC showed that the human the Joint Steering CommitteeÐa coalition of SOD1. SOD1 in humans is strikingly similar PS–1 gene could work in the worm, sub- five basic biomedical research societies: the to SOD1 in my worm, as can be seen by the stituting for one of the worm genes it looked American Society for Cell Biology, the Amer- large number of boxed identities in the se- like. This finding says that the human AD ican Society for Biochemistry and Molecular quence of the protein products of these gene and the worm gene are functionally genes. Such similarity is seen in SOD1 in Biology, the Biophysical Society, the Genetic interchangeable. They are very similar. many organisms: the gene in spinach is es- Society of America, and the Association of Thus, figuring out what the worm gene does sentially the same as well. To understand AnatomistsÐhe has played a significant role should give us a very strong clue about what what SOD1 does, and how it goes wrong in in supporting the caucus briefings. the human gene does. Studying this worm ALS, one can study the gene in whatever or- gene is now a important effort in both aca- Congressman JOSEPH KENNEDY of Massa- ganism is best suited for a particular line of demia and the biotech industry. chusetts introduced Dr. Horvitz and was joined inquiry, and SOD1 is now being studied in in attendance by myself, Congressman STEVE worms, in brewer’s yeast, in fruit flies and in VI. CANCER AND THE RAS PATHWAY HORN, Congressman JOEL HEFLEY, and Con- mice in attempts to understand how it Let me turn now to cancer. Cancer, like fa- gressman TOM PETRI, as well as a room full of causes ALS in humans. Let me generalize milial AD, is caused by variants in genes. senior health staff. from this example and show you more broad- The first human cancer gene was identified I believe our colleagues will find Dr. ly the degree to which genes are conserved in 1981. This gene was called Ras. Biomedical Horvitz's remarks useful. among organisms. researchers actively analyzed Ras and des- The next slide is from an article written by perately wanted to know what it does and, in ALL CREATURES GREAT AND SMALL: THE Phil Hieter, our next speaker. This table particular, wanted to know the pathway UNIVERSALITY OF GENES shows a list of 84 human genetic diseases, through which Ras acts. This concept of I. INTRODUCTION from A to Z (really from A to W: achon- pathway is key for the development of phar- droplasia or dwarfism is No. 2 on the list, maceuticals: if you can block the action of a First, I would like to thank the organizers while Wornor syndrome, which results in disease gene, either directly or indirectly, of this Caucus for inviting Phil Heiter and premature aging, is 4 from the bottom). The i.e. either by acting directly on that gene or me to talk with you today. The title of this columns show matches (in color) with genes by acting later in the gene pathway through Caucus is ‘‘All Creatures Great and Small: found in those organisms commonly used for which that gene acts, you should be able to The Universality of Genes.’’ What we are laboratory studies of genetics: the mouse, prevent the disease. going to discuss today is one of the most the fruit fly, the nematode roundworm, What is the Ras genetic pathway? The an- striking discoveries in the history of bio- brewer’s yeast, and the intestinal bacterium swer emerged not from studies of human Ras medical research: genes—the bits of DNA E. coli. What you can see is that almost all of but from very basic and apparently unre- that make us what we are—genes are so re- these human genes have a counterparts in lated studies of animal development, in par- markably similar among different organisms the mouse, that many do in the fruit fly and ticular studies of the development of a sex- that we can study what they do in a micro- worm, and that quite a few do in the yeast ual organ of the roundworm and of the eye of scopic worm or in a yeast that is used to and bacterium. This table underestimates the fruit fly. It turned out that a gene that make beer to learn how they work in us. the degree of similarity with mice, fruit flies controlled worm sexual development as well II. GENES and roundworms, since many genes remain as a gene that controlled fly eye develop- Let me start with a few introductory re- to be characterized in these organisms and ment were both strikingly similar to human marks about genes. Genes define hereditary some will no doubt provide additional Ras. The levels of identity were approxi- traits. Each gene can exist in different matches. It is now clear that almost every mately 80 percent. Furthermore, at the time forms, and such variations in the forms of human gene has a mouse counterpart, that it was discovered that a Ras-like gene was genes result in variations in traits. Some the majority have fly and worm counterparts involved there had been very extensive stud- such variations we consider simply to be and that many have yeast counterparts. ies of these processes; as a consequence with- what make us different from one another: for These kinds of observations, coupled with in a few years detailed gene pathways were E2326 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 completed. Together these studies, which death in the worm is not a killer gene but House Floor in the form of a simple exten- were done in my laboratory at MIT, at rather a protector gene—it protects cells sion through September 1, 1998 without any CalTech, and at Berkeley, revealed the path- from dying by PCD. If a gene like this is too substantive change to the antitrust provi- way of action of Ras. Now cancer biologists active, too many cells would survive, and sions. I also acknowledge that your action in and drug companies alike are using this cancer would result. In fact, there is a allowing this legislation to go forward does knowledge of the Ras pathway both for fur- human cancer gene that is very similar to not affect any future rights of the Commit- ther studies of how Ras causes cancer in peo- this worm protector gene, so similar that the tee on the Judiciary. Consistent with the Ju- ple and for the development of drugs, drugs human gene can work in worms to protect diciary Committee’s jurisdiction over anti- that can block the various steps in the Ras against worm cell death and to substitute for trust issues under Rule X and with the Com- pathway. the worm gene. Given such protector genes, merce Committee’s jurisdiction over energy VII. PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH, how might one prevent? Again, this is pre- issues under Rule X, I would be pleased to NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE AND CANCER cisely the approach that is now being taken work with you to develop legislation which The third example I’ll offer from worms re- in the pharmaceutical industry, and there is ensures an effective national energy security lates both the cancer and to great nope that by learning to control such policy. neurodegenerative diseases, which include protector genes it will be possible to control In keeping with your request, I will place AD. This example again is one in which stud- certain cancers. your letter and this response in the record of ies of a basic biological phenomenon in the VIII. CONCLUSIONS the debate on H.R. 2472. roundworm have had a major impact on our Let me conclude very briefly by summariz- Sincerely, understanding of and approach to human dis- ing what I’ve said. First, a gene is a gene is TOM BLILEY, ease. The biology in this case involves a phe- a gene. Genes in humans are fundamentally Chairman. nomenon called ‘‘programmed cell death.’’ no different from genes in other organisms For many years, biologists assumed that and are so similar in many ceases that a HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, cells died because they were unhappy, i.e. be- human gene can be put into another orga- COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY, cause somehow they had been injured. How- nism and work just fine. Second, genes are Washington, DC, November 8, 1997. ever, a variety of studies revealed that many much easier to analyze in experimental orga- Hon. TOM BLILEY, cells die during the normal course of devel- nisms than in people. In few years, the Chairman, Committee on Commerce, U.S. House opment. For example, as our brains form, as Human Genome Project, sponsored by the of Representatives, Washington, DC. many as 85 percent of the nerve cells made at NIH, will tell us what all of our genes look DEAR TOM: I understand that today or to- certain times and certain parts of our brains like. But what do they do? To find out, we morrow you intend to move to suspend the die. Such death is a natural phenomenon and must study experimentally tractable orga- rules and concur in the Senate amendment for this reason is often referred to as ‘‘Pro- nisms. Third, time and time again truly grammed Cell Death.’’ basic studies of genes in experimental orga- to H.R. 2472 with an amendment. Given that cell death is a natural aspect of nisms have proved directly relevant to The version of H.R. 2472 you plan to bring development, some years ago my colleagues human diseases and disease genes, once we up would extend through September 1, 1998 and I reasoned that like other aspects of de- knew what those human genes looked like. certain provisions of the Energy Policy and velopment, PCD should be controlled by An investment in such basic studies is an ef- conservation Act, 42 U.S.C. § 6201 et seq. genes. We sought such defined a 15-gene ge- fective investment indeed, as it means that Under Rule X, the Committee on the Judici- netic pathway that controls programmed knowledge will proceed at an enormous pace ary has jurisdiction over provisions of the cell death In the worm. It now appears that once a human disease gene is identified. Fi- Act: the antitrust defense provided in Sec- a least some of these gene correspond to nally, knowledge of what the counterparts of tion 252, 42 U.S.C. § 6272, the participation of human genes that caused disease. For exam- human disease genes do in an experimental the antitrust enforcement agencies in activi- ple, we talked earlier about organism can be directly used both in the ties under that section, and any amendment, neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD, understanding of what that gene does in peo- extension, or expansion of these provisions Huntington’s Disease, Lou Gehrlg’s Disease ple and also in the application of that knowl- or any other antitrust immunity provided in and Parkinson’s Disease. Many researchers edge to the development of a treatment of the Act. believe that these diseases, which are char- cure. I thank you for your time. Because of the urgency of passing this im- acterized by the death of nerve cells, are dis- portant national security legislation, I am eases in which the normal process of PCD f willing to waive this Committee’s right to a sequential referral of H.R. 2472. I will allow has gone amok. Specifically, the normal EXTENDING CERTAIN PROGRAMS pathway that causes cells to die by PCD dur- this legislation to go forward so long as it re- ing development for some reason may be un- UNDER THE ENERGY POLICY mains a simple extension through September leashed in nerve cells that are not meant to AND CONSERVATION ACT 1, 1998 without any substantive change to the die. existing antitrust defense or the participa- How might we stop such deaths? By block- SPEECH OF tion of the antitrust agencies. However, my ing the killer genes responsible! And what HON. HENRY J. HYDE doing so does not constitute any waiver of are the killer genes? We have ID’d two such the Committee’s jurisdiction over these pro- OF ILLINOIS genes in the worm, genes we call CED–3 and visions and does not prejudice its rights in CED–4, for ‘‘cell-death abnormal.’’ Given IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES any future legislation relating to these pro- these worm genes, others have gone on to Sunday, November 9, 1997 visions or any other antitrust immunity pro- find similar genes in humans that also act to Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I ask that this ex- vided in the Act. I will, of course, insist that cause cell death. These genes have now be- Members of this Committee be named as come major drug targets: many companies in change of letters between me and Chairman conferees on these provisions or any other the pharmaceutical industry are attempting BLILEY be placed in the RECORD following de- antitrust immunity provided in the Act to block the action of these killer genes, bate on H.R. 2472. should the bill go to conference. with the goal of preventing such HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, If the foregoing meets with your under- neurodengenerative diseases. COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, standing of the matter, I would appreciate It turns out the genetic pathway for PCD Washington, DC, November 8, 1997. your placing this letter and your response in we have defined is relevant not only to Hon. HENRY J. HYDE, the record during the debate on H.R. 2472. neurodegenerative disease but also to can- Chairman, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Thank you for your cooperation in this mat- cer. House of Representatives, Washington, DC. ter. Let me explain. What is cancer? In brief, DEAR HENRY: Thank you for your letter re- Sincerely, cancer reflects an uncontrolled increase in garding H.R. 2472, a bill to extend provisions HENRY J. HYDE, cell number. How can you get such an in- of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act Chairman. crease? One way is to make too many cells. (EPCA) through September 1, 1998. This is precisely what happens when the Ras EPCA is one of the legislative cornerstones f gene, which we just discussed, is mutated. of our national energy security policy. INSTITUTE FOR COMMUNITY However, it turns out there is another way Among other things, it authorizes the oper- to make too many cells. The number of cells ation and maintenance of the Strategic Pe- LIVING in our bodies is really an equilibrium num- troleum Reserve and provides limited immu- ber. Cells are always being added to our bod- nity to American oil companies to partici- HON. NYDIA M. VELA´ ZQUEZ ies, by the process of cell division, but cells pate in activities pursuant to the Inter- OF NEW YORK are also always being taken away, by the national Energy Agreement. In light of cur- process of programmed cell death. So, we can rent actions in the Middle East and the im- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES generate too many cells—as in cancer—not portant activities authorized by this Act, Wednesday, November 12, 1997 only by too much cell division but also by prompt passage of this EPCA extension is  too little cell loss. necessary. Mr. VELAZQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today How can we bet too little cell loss? One of I appreciate your interest in H.R. 2472 and to pay tribute to the marvelous work of the In- the genes we identified as controlling cell I acknowledge that I will bring it to the stitute for Community Living, on the occasion November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2327 of its 11th anniversary. For over a decade, the constituents in my district, I may have been is key to opening our Federal courts to cam- Institute for Community Living has helped peo- unable to cast votes today on measures be- eras in order to educate the public and in- ple with mental and developmental disabilities fore the House of Representatives. I would crease understanding of our Federal judicial to function successfully in different living, like to take this opportunity to explain my sup- system. learning, working, and social environments. port for three key areas of public policy, which Allowing sunshine into our Federal court- Through its operation of housing, rehabilitation were likely voted on in my absence. rooms is one of the best ways to expand pub- and support services, it has helped improve H.R. 867, the Adoption Promotion Act.ÐI lic knowledge on how our Federal court sys- the quality of life for countless mentally and support this measure, as I believe it empha- tem operates. In recent years, there has been developmentally disabled adults at various sizes the need for foster children to be adopt- an increasing concern regarding our courts. stages of the rehabilitation process. ed by a permanent family. Also, the Adoption Changes of judicial activism are eroding con- ICL is a participating agency of the United Promotion Act requires States to expedite the fidence in the legitimacy and fairness of Fed- Way of Greater New York and a member process that governs the adoption of a foster eral court proceedings. If the public continues agency of the Association for Community Liv- child. The bill provides for increased stability to be kept in the dark about what occurs be- ing and the Coalition of Voluntary Mental for foster children and encourages a strong, hind the doors of Federal courtrooms, these Health providers. ICL has also been recog- healthy family structure. All foster children de- concerns and criticisms will surely mount. The nized nationally for its successÐits recent ac- serve the opportunity to be adopted to secure availability of televised courtroom proceedings colades include the Hospital and Community a sound future. will increase public confidence in our Federal Psychiatry Significant Achievement Award and H.R. 2709, the Iran Missile Proliferation system, as demonstrated already within State the National Center for Disability Services Ex- Sanctions Act.ÐCredible reports have drawn courts around the Nation. Decisions made in emplary Program Award. attention to the fact that Iran is pursuing pluto- Federal courts have the capability to affect The Institute for Community Living has suc- nium separation and gas centrifuge enrich- every citizens life. The public should have the ceeded in providing an array of secure, com- ment in its nuclear program. Iran has also opportunity to see and understand how these munity-based residential programs in which taken aggressive steps toward purchasing nu- cases unfold. mentally disabled people can pursue their own clear weapons-related material. Potentially, In 1997, the House of Representatives rehabilitation plan. By making it possible for this development poses an enormous threat to passed a House resolution to televise House these individuals to live a life of independence our Middle East allies and other peaceful floor proceedings and committee hearings to and dignity, ICL serves as a shining example countries around the world. Therefore, we the public to create a greater degree of ac- of service to the mentally and developmentally must take the appropriate steps to prevent countability of Members of Congress to their disabled community. I urge my colleagues to Iran from obtaining a nuclear missile capabil- constituents and to enable the public to obtain join me in commending the Institute for Com- ity. H.R. 2709, the Iran Missile Proliferation a greater appreciation for the work that occurs munity Living and in extending our best wish- Sanctions Act, goes a long way toward ac- on Capital Hill. C±SPAN coverage of the es for its continued success. complishing this objective. The legislation re- House allows citizens to watch and learn f quires the President to submit a report to Con- about the legislative branch for themselves, in- gress, within 30 days of enactment, identifying stead of relying solely on the media to inter- ON THE RETIREMENT OF FLOYD nations or entities about whom there is credi- pret for them what is happening in Washing- FLAKE ble information that they transferred missile ton, DC. goods or technology to Iran. Sanctions against I was elected to the House of Representa- HON. JERROLD NADLER entities involved in the attempt or transfer of tives for my ninth term last election by the citi- OF NEW YORK missile technology to Iran include denying zens of my district in New York, and I continue IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES arms exports licenses and eliminating all Unit- to be accountable to every one of my constitu- Wednesday, November 12, 1997 ed States assistance for 2 years. The bill also ents. Through C±SPAN coverage, they can see for themselves the issues I fight for and Mr. NADLER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to expresses a sense of Congress that the Presi- against on their behalf. It is time to take this bid farewell to a very distinguished Member of dent should exercise existing authorities and idea of cameras for accountability and expand my State's delegation. FLOYD FLAKE has available funds to prevent the transfer of it into the judicial branch of the Federal Gov- served in the House with honor, with sincerity, weapons-related material and delivery sys- ernment. and with unwaivering commitment. He can tems to Iran. I believe the actions taken in this bill will check Iranian arms proliferation and I would also like to emphasize to everyone serve as a model to all of us in this body: for that H.R. 1280 does not in any way encroach over a decade, he has fulfilled a calling to enthuisastically support its passage. S. 1519, Extending the Intermodal Surface on the powers of even one Federal judge. public service, fighting the fights he believes Quite the contrary, it is a pure grant of discre- in, representing his constituents with passion Transportation Efficiency Act.ÐS. 1519, Ex- tending the Intermodal Surface Transportation tion, empowering the Federal judge to open or and nobility. close proceedings that today are closed re- In leaving this body, FLOYD FLAKE is leaving Efficiency Act [ISTEA], is an important piece of gardless of the judges desire and willingness this Nation richer for his service. The moral legislation. The measure provides $9.7 billion to open the proceeds to public view. The Sun- guidance he has given us and the example he in new transportation money to States, thus shine in Courtroom Act allows cameras in has set for us will echo through this Chamber continuing transportation funding to the States Federal courts only upon the approval of the in the coming years, resonating with its obliga- until Congress passes a regular, 6-year ISTEA presiding judge in each specific case. There tion to the people of this country after he has bill next year. Extending ISTEA for this tem- are certain cases that are too sensitive to gone. porary duration is important to ensure that allow full media coverage of its judicial pro- Now, our colleague is about to respond to California, as well as the other the States, ceedings, such as trials involving minors, or another calling. With the chance to devote his continues to provide for the transportation cases in which a witness or members of a jury full energies to the needs of his congregation, needs of its residents during this time. need to be kept confidential in order to protect he will continue his lifelong commitment to f them from harm. I do not want there to be any service and justice. And though he will be in SUNSHINE IN THE COURTS confusion on the fact that H.R. 1280 leaves a new setting, he will continue to be an inspi- judges total power to deny or limit television ration for us all. I can only say that it has been HON. CHARLES E. SCHUMER coverage of these types of cases. an honor serving with him, and I wish him all Mr. Speaker, my fellow Members of Con- the best. OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gress, the Sunshine in the Courtroom Act is f legislation that is long overdue. Opening up Wednesday, November 12, 1997 PERSONAL EXPLANATION our Federal courts will allow the public to see Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker. In April of this how our justice system really works and to HON. GEORGE P. RADANOVICH year, I along with my distinguished colleague gain a greater appreciation and trust in our HABOT OF CALIFORNIA from Ohio, Congressman C , introduced Federal courts. In the second session of Con- H.R. 1280, the Sunshine in the Courtroom Act. gress we need to make H.R. 1280 a priority IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES H.R. 1280 allows photographing, electronic re- by holding hearings on this issue and then, Wednesday, November 12, 1997 cording, broadcasting, and televising to the passing this legislation into law. We, as Mem- Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, as a result public of Federal court proceedings at the dis- bers of Congress, need to assert our dedica- of being detained while in the service of my cretion of the presiding judge. This legislation tion to keeping the Federal Government open E2328 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 and accessible to the public by letting sun- ices and increasing investment opportunities Even through the transition that Lancaster shine into our courtrooms. for undeserved communities through the Bank Labs has undergone over the past few years, f Enterprise Act and the Reform of the Commu- this family-begun business has not only kept nity Reinvestment Act. its emphasis on quality, but it once again has TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE Congressman FLAKE has done more than proved to be a successful company which val- FLOYD FLAKE OF THE SIXTH lecture and preach about the merits of self- ues the family. By believing that a company CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF sufficiency and job creation. Through his can be committed to providing state-of-the-art NEW YORK church, he has created local jobs, affordable services, and still manage people in a way homes, schools and multiservice centers that that accommodates the hectic and activity- HON. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON provide health care. laden lives of working mothers and fathers, OF TEXAS Mr. Speaker, it has truly been a pleasure to Lancaster Labs has succeeded in keeping IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES serve with the Congressman from New York's their dedicated employees. Wednesday, November 12, 1997 Sixth Congressional District. It will be even Lancaster Labs has been measured against Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. more of a pleasure to hear and witness his standards of child care, flexibility, pay, oppor- Mr. Speaker, my departing words for a good continued work in helping his community. tunities to advance, and other family-friendly friend, Congressman FLOYD FLAKE are marked Along with the many other Members of this benefits. Although the company came out with good wishes and sadness. While Allen body, I would like to give Congressman FLAKE strong on each one of these, it is not because A.M.E. Church is gaining a great minister who my wishes of good luck and blessings. they attempted to meet some arbitrary yard- will work full-time for his congregation, the f stick, but because Lancaster Labs believes in creating a company that has fairness and fam- United States House of Representatives will HONORING IDA ECKHAUS be losing a man of conviction, compassion, ily at the core of its existence. With fair pay, and remarkable legislative skill. I will miss him, advancement for women, onsite child care, as will this body, not only as a lawmaker but HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS and the promotion of adoption, Lancaster Labs as a valued friend. OF NEW YORK is an exemplary and prosperous part of our Congressman FLAKE has brought together IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES community. the spirituality of the church, the innovation of Wednesday, November 12, 1997 Mr. Speaker, I congratulate this exceptional the private sector, and the laws of the Govern- Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to company for its holistic approach to the work- ment to produce economic revitalization for his honor Ida Eckhaus, a pioneer in providing ing environment. Many companies would be congregation and the entire Sixth Congres- community living for people with mental dis- wise to learn from the Lancaster Labs' exam- sional District. abilities. ple, which says that enhancing the lives of November 7, Congressman FLAKE said his Mrs. Eckhaus has always been committed working moms can significantly improve the formal goodbye to the House of Representa- to bringing vital services to the people of New overall performance of the company. I wish tives. For the first time, he told Members as York City. Through her efforts, she was one of the very best to Lancaster Labs in the future. well as the C-SPAN viewing audience about the founding members of APRIL, the Associa- f his inspirational road to success in the min- tion of Parents for Rehabilitation and Inde- istry, academia, and Congress. Never until CHARITABLE INCENTIVE GIVING pendent Living. She and her husband Sam, ACT OF 1997 that day had he told people about his long along with three other couples, got together days of work and long nights of studying to with the simple plan of obtaining housing for earn his undergraduate degree or his doctor- persons who suffered mental illnesses. In HON. JENNIFER DUNN ate of ministry. This is how we will remember those meetings, they found there were many OF WASHINGTON Congressman FLAKE. We will remember a more needs for the mentally ill. Out of those IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES man who did not speak about his difficult road meetings, the organization grew to become Wednesday, November 12, 1997 to success, rather, he spoke proudly about his one of the largest affiliated in the State. service to God, his family, his district, and his Ms. DUNN. Mr. Speaker, in this time of fis- In addition to her community advocacy, she cal constraints, I am introducing today legisla- country. enjoyed working with families and their loved Congressman FLAKE was born in Los Ange- tion that would encourage greater private sec- ones. For years her personal telephone at tor support of important social, educational, les on January 30, 1945, and came to Hous- home was a crisis hotline. No hour was too ton, TX, to attend public school. After growing nutritional, medical, and other necessary pro- late, no problem too difficult, no person too grams in local communities by restoring incen- up in the great State of Texas, he studied at distraught for her. She was always there to Wilberforce University in Ohio, earning his un- tives for charitable giving of closely-held stock. help in any way she could. Even after the in- Governments on all levels, Federal, State, dergraduate degree. He continued to broaden stallation of the APRIL Hotline, Mrs. Eckhaus his educational experiences in graduate pro- and local, are reducing spending throughout continued to take her calls at home. their budgets, including social programs. At grams at Payne Theological Seminary and Mrs. Eckhaus was a person of superlatively Northeastern University. In 1994, he earned the same time, society's needs for these pro- high standards, complete integrity, and bound- grams cannot be overlooked. Congress should his doctorate of ministry degree from the Unit- less enthusiasm for whatever task she under- ed Theological Seminary in Dayton, OH. do all that it can reasonably do to encourage took. Throughout here service, she also private philanthropic efforts at this critical Congressman FLAKE evolved from student served on numerous boards including the In- to educator, serving as dean of students and stage in restructuring Government and return- stitute for Community Living and AMI/New ing responsibility to our local communities. university chaplain at Boston University in York State and she also founded Summit 1976. He served as the director of the Martin Many of these services can be provided at the House of Brooklyn. local level by charities that know the commu- Luther King, Jr. Afro-American Center at Bos- Mr. Speaker, please join me in honoring nity best and can supply the most efficient and ton University from 1973 to 1976. From 1970 Mrs. Ida Eckhaus and all her contributions to competent delivery of services. Public charities to 1973, he served as the associate dean of the community of Brooklyn. and private foundations already distribute students, director of student activities at Lin- f coln University. Moving to business, he served funds to a very diverse, wide-ranging group of as a market analyst for Xerox and as a sales CONGRATULATIONS TO social support organizations at the community representative for Reynolds Tobacco Co. He LANCASTER LABORATORIES level on a timely basis. also served as a social worker for an early To meet the resulting deficit in unmet social child development/Head Start program. HON. JOSEPH R. PITTS needs, Government cannot merely expect the Mr. Speaker, Congressman FLAKE has lent OF PENNSYLVANIA private sector to fill the gap, but must provide the leadership for the use of private sector re- his talents, energy, and concern for others to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many activities. Congressman FLAKE always sources through changes in the Tax Code. says that he has been blessed to have en- Wednesday, November 12, 1997 One source of untapped resources for chari- joyed so many successful endeavors. Person- Mr. PITTS. Mr. Speaker, today I would like table purposes is closely-held corporate stock. ally, I would say that he has blessed so many to honor Lancaster Laboratories, a company in Today the tax cost of contributing closely-held people in so many areas. Lancaster, PA, recognized in the October stock to a charity or foundation is prohibitive, Legislatively, I will remember his work on issue of Working Mother magazine as one of and it discourages families and owners from the Committee on Banking and Financial Serv- the 100 best companies for working moms. disposing of their businesses in this manner. November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2329 This legislation would correct this problem by ceived from those individuals and families in cludes the longest Lake Erie shoreline of any once again permitting certain tax-free liquida- local communities in a position to make such Ohio congressional district. In the late 1960's, tions of closely-held corporations into one or a charitable gift of their business. Lake Erie was considered to be a dead lake, more tax exempt 501(c)(3) organizations. f with stinking mats of algae growing profusely, Under current law, the problem with giving and huge parts of the lake rendered uninhabit- closely-held stock to charity is that the ab- PERSONAL EXPLANATION able for fish due to lack of oxygen. After a sence of a market for such stock and the typi- comprehensive study of this problem was con- cal pattern of small and sporadic dividends HON. CASS BALLENGER ducted, it became apparent that these prob- paid by such closely-held companies make it OF NORTH CAROLINA lems were the result of eutrophication, or the difficult for a charity to benefit from ownership IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES overfertilizing of the lake. Too much phos- of such stock. Accordingly, if such stock is Wednesday, November 12, 1997 phorus was being dumped into Lake Erie from given to a charitable organization, and in par- various sources, including farms, factories, ticular if a controlling interest is given, the cor- Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, on Satur- and private homes. The 1972 GLWQA in- poration may have to be liquidated either by day, November 8, I missed rollcall votes 617 cluded provisions for the reduction of phos- statutory requirement or to effectively com- (H.R. 2631) and 618 (H.R. 2534). Had I been phorous loadings into Lakes Erie and Ontario. plete the transfer of assets to the charity for its present I would have voted ``yea'' on both. As a result of the 1972 GLWQA, phos- use. Under current law, such a liquidation f phorus levels significantly decreased in the would incur a corporate tax at a Federal rate Great Lakes. In Lakes Erie and Ontario, phos- of 35 percent. This cost is imposed as a result TRIBUTE TO EUGENE LESESNE phorus loadings have been reduced by almost of the tax law changes made in 1986 that re- 80 percent. The United States and Canada pealed the ``General Utilities'' doctrine and this HON. WILLIAM J. COYNE achieved this binational goal through improve- imposed a corporate level tax on all corporate OF PENNSYLVANIA ments in sewage treatment, lowering the lev- transfers, including those to tax exempt orga- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES els of phosphorus in detergents, and reducing nizations. The charitable organization could Wednesday, November 12, 1997 agricultural runoff. also be subject to unrelated business income In 1978, the GLWQA was revised and the taxes. These tax costs make contributions of Mr. COYNE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to two countries pledged to restore and maintain closely-held stock a costly and ineffective pay tribute to one of my constituents, Mr. Eu- the chemical, physical, and biological integrity means of transferring resources to charity, and gene Lesesne of Pittsburgh, PA. of the waters of the Great Lakes basin eco- these are the costs I propose to eliminate in Eugene Lesesne, a U.S. Army veteran of system. Toxic substances were a major con- order to free up additional private resources World War I, will be 100 years old on Novem- cern by the late 1970's, and the two countries for charitable purposes. ber 19. Born in Sumter County, SC, he served committed themselves to achieving zero dis- The legislation I introduce today eliminates in the Quartermaster Corps in France in the charge of toxic substances in toxic amounts the corporate tax upon liquidation of a qualify- final months of the First World War. He moved and the virtual elimination of persistent toxic ing closely-held corporation if certain condi- to Pittsburgh shortly after his discharge in substances. These persistent toxics bio- tions are met. Most importantly, qualification 1919 and has lived there ever since. accumulate in organisms and increase in con- would require that 80 percent or more of the A quiet, unassuming person, Mr. Lesesne centration up the food chain. Some of these stock must be bequeathed at death to a lived a life of hard work as a laborer. He was substances, such as PCB's and dioxin, have 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. This bill married twice, widowed twice, and was a fa- been shown to cause adverse health effects in also clarifies that the charity can receive mort- ther of four. Mr. Lesesne attributes his long life humans and wildlife. gaged property in a qualified liquidation free to the good habits instilled by his parents, Again, my constituents have been impacted from the unrelated business income tax for a whom he describes as ``good Presbyterians by the constant plague of persistent toxics period of 10 years. This change parallels the who taught me to stay away from bad things.'' which were dumped into the lakes during a exemption from the unrelated business income A longtime member of Grace Memorial Pres- time when the consequences of pollution were tax [UBIT] for 10 years provided under current byterian Church, in 1968 he joined with church not understood. The Ashtabula River and har- law for direct transfers by gift or bequest. people of different races to form the Commu- bor in northeast Ohio was a dumping ground By eliminating the corporate tax upon liq- nity of Reconciliation, an interracial, inter- for toxic waste for years. uidation, Congress would encourage addi- denominational church. He continues to sing The 1987 protocol to the Great Lakes Water tional, and much needed transfers to charity. tenor in that church's choir to this day and is Quality Agreement reinforced the 1978 com- Individuals who are willing to make generous noted for the natty way he dresses. mitments of the United States and Canada bequests of companies and assets they have I commend him to this body as an example and highlighted the importance of human and spent years building should not be discour- of a man who served his country overseas in aquatic ecosystem health. Provisions were aged by seeing the value of their gifts so sub- his youth and came back home to lead an ex- added to clean up 42 local areas of concern stantially reduced by taxes. There will be a emplary salt-of-the-Earth life. in the Great Lakes and included the develop- revenue cost to this legislation, probably in the f ment and implementation of remedial action hundreds of millions of dollars based on work plans [RAP's] and lakewide management the Joint Committee on Taxation has done on COMMEMORATING THE 25TH ANNI- plans [LaMPs]. this concept over the past year. But it is cru- VERSARY OF THE GREAT LAKES The Ashtabula River and harbor was des- cial to remember that this cost represents WATER QUALITY AGREEMENT ignated as an area of concern by the Inter- charitable giving of many times that amount; national Joint Commission [IJC] in 1985, and by the same techniques used to estimate tax HON. STEVE C. LaTOURETTE a remedial action plan has since been devel- cost, it's estimated the giving stimulated to be OF OHIO oped to clean the river up. Under the leader- as much as seven times the revenue cost, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ship of the IJC, a coalition of interested parties has worked continuously to make the Ash- placing its value in the range of $2 to $3 bil- Wednesday, November 12, 1997 lion. In short, this revenue impact represents tabula River and harbor one of the first suc- the expectation of significant transfers to char- Mr. LATOURETTE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today cessful cleanup sites in the Great Lakes. The ity as a result of the legislation. to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the Ashtabula River Partnership has made great Good tax policy would advocate the broad- Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement strides in recent years to secure the commit- est support of charitable giving. It is worth- [GLWQA]. This groundbreaking agreement be- ment of the Army Corps of Engineers to safely while to note that the individual donor does tween the United States and Canada was dredge the sediments and dispose of them in not receive any tax benefit from the proposal. signed on April 15, 1972, by President Richard a manner consistent with our obligation to pro- All tax savings go to the charity. By inhibiting Nixon and Canadian Prime Minister Pierre tect the environment. these charitable gifts, the Government not only Trudeau as a binational pledge to reduce and The accomplishments under the GLWQA hurts those individuals that most need the help prevent Great Lakes pollution. The GLWQA extend beyond my constituents' corner of the of their Government and their community. grew out of a need to reverse the decades- Great Lakes. As a result of the United States I welcome my colleagues' support and co- long trend of decline in the health and bene- and Canadian commitment to reducing toxic sponsorship for this legislation. I urge each ficial uses of the Great Lakes. substance releases, cormorants in the Great Member to talk to their constituents about it My constituents have been especially im- Lakes region have significantly increased in and learn for themselves the response re- pacted by water quality since my district in- population from the 1950's to the 1970's levels E2330 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 when the number of nesting pairs of cor- Rodger embodies all of these traits. And I PATRICIA STARK OF RIVERHEAD, morants dropped by 86 percent. Concentra- shall never forget how he worked so hard and SELECTED AS PERSON OF THE tions of DDE and PCB, both persistent toxic put in all of his efforts in passing into law, the YEAR substances, decreased in cormorant eggs by 1985 education bond election. It was critical more than 80 percent between 1971 and and he was there. HON. MICHAEL P. FORBES 1989. Concentrations of chlorinated com- He was there because he believed in edu- OF NEW YORK pounds, such as dioxins and furans which are cation and that no child should be left behind IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and that all children must be included in edu- used in the bleaching process of pulp and Wednesday, November 12, 1997 paper mills, have decreased in the Great cation. Rodger is just so good in every area Lakes by 90 percent since the late 1980's. and he really understands the needs for all of Mr. FORBES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to On November 1, 1997, in Niagara Falls, NY, the people. And in addition to all his caring, he join my friends and neighbors on eastern Long the International Joint Commission, with Can- has been the No. 1 Cadillac salesperson in all Island as we pay tribute to Patricia Stark, of ada and the United States, celebrated the of the country, and we all like Cadillacs. Riverhead, in honor of her designation as 25th anniversary of the GLWQA. This event I first met Rodger when we both were on 1997's Person of the Year by the Paumanok was attended by many people in the Great the board of trustees at Texas Christian Uni- District of the Suffolk County Council of the Lakes community hailing from United States versity where we both graduated from. And Boy Scouts of America. that friendship will never end. I have so much Pat Stark's good work is so extensive, it and Canadian Government agencies, environ- respect for him as a husband, father, Christian might be more apt to declare her Person of mental organizations, public interest groups, man and civic person extraordinare. In addi- the Decade. She is being honored by the Suf- and industry. The key speakers at the celebra- tion to a few things that I have pointed out, folk County Boy Scouts because they recog- tion were Deputy Secretary John Garamendi, Rodger is involved in so many more. He never nize her selfless and seemingly endless con- United States Department of Interior, and the forgets the young people, whether handi- tributions of time and energy to the entire Honorable John Fraser, Canadian Environ- capped or not. Riverhead community. Pat has worked tire- ment Embassador, as well as a member of my He never forgets to be caring as it relates lessly to improve the quality of life for all her staff, Mr. Brett Kaull. to any issue and I think that the committee neighbors, whether through supporting the At this landmark anniversary of the GLWQA, has decided this year to give honor to the arts, beautifying our community, improving we must not rest on the laurels of the accom- award by citing Rodger Meier. education, protecting the environment, or pre- plishments of the past, for there is still much It is my pleasure to congratulate you serving her hometown's historic legacy. to be done to restore the environment of the Rodger, and in addition to congratulating you, After a career in education where she Great Lakes, This effort will require vigilance I thank you. I thank you for all that you have taught in several Long Island schools, Pat has and commitment from the United States and done to make this world a better place and to directed her talents to private business and is Canada, Federal and local governments, in- make Dallas a better community. The award now the vice president of Storage Town East. dustry, and the public. In 1999, the United does itself honor in honoring you. I thank the But she is most loved and respected for her States and Canada will review the agree- awards committee. Rodger, my friend you tremendous pride in her community, one that ment's objectives and terms to determine have earned it, you deserve it and I hope that has inspired her devotion to Riverhead. Pat whether to update its scope. Let us continue you enjoy it. founded the Riverhead Country Fair, serving to work together in a concerted effort to f as the event's cochair for 7 years, with the achieve the goal of bringing back the Great HONORING ADAM ARLEN goal of the focusing the townspeople's atten- Lakes to their former preeminence as a natu- tion on the special gifts of the Peconic River. ral resource to be enjoyed for generations. With the help of her friends and neighbors, f HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS that purpose was attained and today the OF NEW YORK riverfront has come alive with the bustle of TRIBUTE TO RODGER MEIER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES boaters, fishermen, residents, and tourists. Wednesday, November 12, 1997 Pat also served as chairperson of Riverhead HON. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Townscape, an organization responsible for al- OF TEXAS honor Adam Arlen, a pioneer in providing locating the funds raised by the fair on beau- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES community living for people with mental dis- tification projects. Some of the beneficiaries Wednesday, November 12, 1997 abilities. those efforts include the Peconic Riverfront, Mr. Arlen was born in Poland where he was Lombardi Park, the flower boxes, trees and Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. educated in economics. After experiencing plantings along Main Street, plantings in Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to a years of hardship during World War II and the Grangebel Park, the gardens and grounds of constituent and good friend Mr. Rodger Meier, oppression of the subsequent Communist gov- the East End Arts Council, and the Riverhead this year's recipient of the Russell H. Perry ernment, in a dramatic personal adventure, he Preservation and Landmark Society. Free Enterprise Award. It is very difficult to be escaped to the United States to start a new Pat's other efforts includes serving as brief when paying tribute to Rodger Meier, a life in 1966. cochair of the East End Arts Council's Suffolk man who has championed so many noble During his first years in America, following Theater advisory committee, the Riverhead causes. formal training, Adam Arlen became a nursing Business Improvement District's downtown I know him as an advocate of entrepreneur- home administrator. In the early 1970's, see- planning strategies committee, and as presi- ial initiatives, community service and public ing that large numbers of individuals with men- dent of the Riverhead Revitalization and Pres- policy issues that has produced opportunities tal illnesses were being discharged from State ervation Corp., which has just completed a for the citizens of Dallas. The Wright amend- hospitals into the community with inadequate vital historic restoration project on Roanoke ment was established to protect the economic aftercare, he pioneered the development of Avenue. opportunities and financial well-being of the this type of community living in New York Completing her prodigious list of volunteer Dallas-Fort Worth Airport. Rodger was right State. For almost two decades, he stood out efforts, Pat is a member of the advisory board there and never fails to express his feelings among his colleagues as a supporter of the of the Hallockville historic site, serves as di- about keeping the economy strong in the Dal- highest quality of services for individuals under rector of Confraternity of Christian Doctrine for las area. his care. In his role as advocate, he testified St. John's Roman Catholic Church and is still In addition, he is a long-time supporter of before legislative and administrative bodies a prodigious fundraiser for many local non- DART and has lead to my constituents enjoy- and supported the creation of award-winning profit organizations. Patricia has been recog- ing better transportation and environmental mental health programs. As a founding mem- nized in the Senate by AL D'AMATO for her ef- opportunities while producing more dollars for ber of the Institute of Community Living's forts in housing restoration and it is altogether area businesses and allowing passengers to Board of Directors, he has continued to speak fitting that the House of Representatives honor reach key destinations without clogging our out on behalf of those with mental disabilities her contributions. highways and freeways. offering unique and practical advice that stems That is why, Mr. Speaker, that I ask my col- And so, it is truly fitting that he is being hon- from his special personal history and as well leagues in the House to join me honoring Pa- ored this year with the Russell H. Perry Free as professional interests. tricia Stark and recognize her commitment to Enterprise Award. This award salutes entre- Mr. Speaker, please join me in honoring the promoting and protecting the quality of life of preneurial spirit and how it fosters opportuni- zealous and faithful advocacy of Adam Arlen Riverhead and the entire east end of Long Is- ties, service, and civic responsibility. After all, on behalf of individuals with mental disabilities. land, for her family and for her community. We November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2331 are truly blessed to count her as our friend [From the Omaha World-Herald, Nov. 8. 1997] He approached his legislative role in Wash- and neighbor. WALT CAPPS ‘‘WAS A JOYOUS MAN’’ ington in the same spirit: Whatever small f (By Roger Bergman) advance I can help to make for the general welfare of the people of this country, let me Even as the lights were coming back on in DESIGNATION OF THE ‘‘EUGENE J. be ready to do it. Not a bad philosophy for our house and around Omaha on Oct. 28, an- the rest of us. McCARTHY POST OFFICE BUILD- other kind of light was being extinguished. Of Capps’ 14 books, the most recent was on ING’’ Our friend—really a member of the family— the Czech playwright and president, Vaclav Congressman Walter Capps was dead. He suf- Havel, another fine intellect who responded fered a heart attack in Dulles Airport in to the call of public service. Havel’s most re- HON. BRUCE F. VENTO Washington, D.C. OF MINNESOTA It seemed impossible that someone so cent book is titled ‘‘The Art of the Impos- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vital—so full of life and with so much to sible.’’ Walter would have appreciated that perspective on self-government, too. One of Wednesday, November 12, 1997 offer—could be claimed by darkness so sud- denly, so unexpectedly, so early. Even at 63, his own books was significantly titled, Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, I rise with the even after barely surviving a head-on colli- ‘‘Hope Against Hope.’’ support of the Minnesota delegation in the sion with a drunken driver more than a year But Walt Capps was not merely a dreamer. U.S. House, to introduce H.R. 2836, a bill to ago, Walt Capps was not someone you ex- He wanted to make a difference. And so he pected to die. My wife, Dr. Wendy M. Wright, put up with the arduous demands of the cam- designate the U.S. Post Office Building in paign trail (and the insults of his opponent, downtown St. Paul, MN, as the ``Eugene J. a Creighton University theology professor for whom Capps was an intimate friend and which he did not return) and the daily frus- McCarthy Post Office Building.'' mentor, expressed it well: ‘‘He was such a trations of an idealist in the powerbrokering Eugene J. McCarthy served as a U.S. Rep- joyous man.’’ world of the national capital. If he tilted at resentative from Minnesota's Fourth Congres- During his recent visit to his native windmills, it was only after being sure it was sional District, the seat that I've been honored Omaha to attend family and high school re- for the good of his own constituents and the to represent. He also served for many years unions and to speak at his boyhood church country generally. as a U.S. Senator from the State of Min- and at Creighton University, Walt remarked Like a combination of Don Quixote, St. nesota. He served for over two decades in to me that no less a figure in Western civili- Augustine, and Vaclav Havel, our friend Wal- zation than St. Augustine had written both ter Capps dreamed a possible dream. He be- Congress and was a much celebrated can- ‘‘The Confessions’’ and ‘‘The City of God,’’ lieved that citizens could govern themselves didate for the Democratic nomination for Presi- respectively classics of spiritual autobiog- despite deep moral and ideological disagree- dent of the U.S. in 1968. Gene McCarthy's raphy and political theology. ments. Perhaps felled by the strenuous role in this 1968 campaign was the catalyst A longtime and influential professor of re- schedule that belief demanded of him as a that set in place major change in United ligious studies at the University of Califor- citizen-representative, Walt Capps is a re- States and global policy in Southeast Asia and nia at Santa Barbara, Capps was elected to minder to all of us that democracy has no electoral politics in our Nation. the U.S. House of Representatives less than sidelines. Eugene McCarthy was a teacher in the pub- a year ago. As he said in his lecture Oct. 12 Professor Capps—he took a leave of ab- at Creighton, he was trying in his own way lic schools in Minnesota and a professor at St. sence from his university post rather than and however modestly to bridge the gap be- give it up entirely—had a more personal John's University in Collegeville, MN. He was tween spiritual values and the concerns of dream, too. After several terms in Congress, also an instructor of economics at the College public life. That an accomplished scholar he wanted to return to the University of of St. Thomas in St. Paul and a distinguished and master of the lecture hall would even California at Santa Barbara to teach about author of numerous books on subjects ranging consider such a challenge at the time in a ca- democracy. from children's literature to history and most reer when most of us would be thinking of Democracy, he said, is not something we renowned for his poetry. retirement attests to his insatiable thirst for inherit as a lifeless monument from the past. The State of Minnesota is the home of life generally and to his faith in the demo- It is something we create and recreate every cratic ideal specifically. day. Or at least that is the challenge. many great leaders, however, few have It was also Augustine who proclaimed that He will not be able to fulfill that personal touched as many lives as Minnesota's Eugene a Christian should be an ‘‘alleluia from head dream—to the loss of all of us, but especially McCarthy. Senator McCarthy is a tireless lead- to foot.’’ Walter Capps was such a man. to those UCSB students who will know of er and throughout his recent illness his fighting And his joy in life and hope for America in him only by reputation. My wife and I are a time of cynicism about politics was infec- spirit persists. Therefore I, as well as, the Min- immensely grateful that our children, his tious. After spending the evening of Oct. 12 nesota delegation and the people of the great godchildren, were touched by his life. listening to the congressman speak enthu- State of Minnesota want to honor the accom- But like the image of a flame that lingers plishments and service of this historic Min- siastically of the quality of people he was getting to know in Washington and of the in the mind’s eye even after the wick has nesota leader from the area of St. Paul, MN, genuine care and concern of so many elected been snuffed, Walter Capps’ joyous, hopeful, that catapulted him onto the national stage officials and their often young and idealistic generous spirit will linger long after his life and into the U.S. Congress. staffs to do the right thing, one Creighton has gone out. I welcome the support of my colleagues and political science professor remarked that she May he rest in peace. And may the rest of this Nation in recognition of the career and had not felt so hopeful about Congress for us get to work. public service of this great American. years. Although 15 years my senior, Walt, f with an almost boyish verve for an over- f whelmingly difficult job, made me feel some- WALTER CAPPS WAS A JOYOUS what jaded by comparison. VETERANS DAY IS AMERICA’S MAN Perhaps some of Walt Capps’ hopefulness DAY came from the healing and reconciliation he saw taking place in his course on the Viet- HON. DOUG BEREUTER nam War. Vets who had never told their sto- HON. NICK J. RAHALL II OF NEBRASKA ries before were invited to share the podium with him. Students whose fathers were un- OF WEST VIRGINIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES known to them personally were sent as emis- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, November 12, 1997 saries of the class to the Vietnam Memorial Wednesday, November 12, 1997 Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, on October in Washington to touch those precious names on the black marble. Sen. Bob Kerrey, Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to 28 the House of Representatives lost an ex- Nebraska’s then-governor, took an active traordinary Member. That loss was felt here, role in the class for years, becoming a close commend to my colleagues an article that was and it was felt across the country. Earlier in friend to Capps and mentoring him into po- published in the Charleston Gazette of October the gentleman from California, Mr. litical life. Charleston WV. The article was written by a Capps, had visited this Member's home State Capps quoted Kerrey in his lecture at constituent of the Third Congressional District of Nebraska and the city of Omaha, where he Creighton. Politics is often defined as the art of West Virginia and a national vice com- was born and grew up. Not surprisingly, Ne- of compromise. But Kerrey, reported Capps, mander of the American Legion, Mr. Robert described politics as the art of the possible. Vass, Sr., of Huntington, WV. braskans responded enthusiastically to his The congressman’s own philosophy cor- warm and generous spirit. This Member com- responded well with that. Especially after I am sure that many of my colleagues spent mends to his colleagues the piece by Roger his near-fatal crash in 1996, he said he woke yesterday the same way that I did, visiting with Bergman which appeared in the Omaha up every morning just grateful for the new constituents to celebrate Veterans Day. Entire World-Herald on November 8, 1997. day and the opportunities it offered. communities come together on November E2332 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 11 each year to honor those who have served ing Sports, and the National High School Or- CONGRESSIONAL DEBATE atorical Contest. our Nation in the Armed Forces. Veterans Day Currently in Congress the school choice de- is an opportunity to remember those who have West Virginia Legionnaires last year do- nated 38,436 hours of service to their commu- bate is a popular topic and will certainly given their life in service and to remind our- nities, awarded $63,664 worth of scholarships continue to be a lightning rod for years to selves of our responsibility to care for those to 70 deserving West Virginia students, and come. Supporters claim that choice injects veterans who still need assistance. donated 459 pints of blood to West Virginia competition and accountability into the edu- As Mr. Vass writes, veterans continue to blood collection centers. cational system. They ask why the poor serve our Nation, even after leaving the mili- Above all, consistent with our support for should not have the same chance at better tary. Not only are they ready to serve in time the Constitution, Legionnaires believe ‘‘we schools as the well-to-do. They believe that of war, they remain active in times of peace. the people’’ must have a voice in how our na- choice will, through competition, prod the tion is governed. On this premise, the U.S. public schools to get better. Veterans and active-duty personnel alike are Senate should do what the House did in active in our communities by volunteering at June: Pass a constitutional amendment to American parents are deeply concerned hospitals, sponsoring scouting and athletic return to the people the right to protect the about the quality of their children’s edu- programs for youths, providing scholarships or flag of the United States from physical dese- cation, and are searching for ways to im- students and donating thousands and thou- cration. prove the system. School choice is one such sands of hours in volunteer service in their Ordinary citizens must reinforce America’s option. Billed as a way to increase parents’ control over where their children enroll communities. core values through service to God and coun- while also creating incentives for reform in I share my good friend's column with my try and participation in our governance. That’s what the American Legion is all our public schools, the numerous school colleagues because it reminds us that Veter- about on Veterans Day and every day. And choice proposals promise to shake up our ans Day is not just a day for veterans and that’s what we all must be about on Veter- educational system. In this day and age, their families; it is America's Day. It is a day ans Day and every day. when we often hear calls to increase the effi- for Americans to ``express appreciation for the Veterans Day is America’s day. ciency and responsiveness of government, contributions of all veterans up upholding the f the free enterprise themes that characterize values for which these patriots sacrificed.'' school choice proposals resonate with many And it is a day for all Americans, to be like SCHOOL CHOICE Americans. veterans, and to involve themselves in their Opponents, on the other hand, argue that communities. HON. LEE H. HAMILTON choice, at its least, unduly weakens public Mr. Speaker, I have included a copy of Bob OF INDIANA schools and, at most, is unconstitutional. Vass column and ask that it be printed follow- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES They argue fairness: since States will never ing my statement. Wednesday, November 12, 1997 have the money to help all the poor children who want it, most poor children will never [From the Charleston Gazette, Friday, Nov. Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to be able to take advantage of the choice, and 7, 1997] insert my Washington Report for Wednesday, they will be left behind in a public system VETERANS DAY IS AMERICA’S DAY—HOLIDAY November 12, 1997, into the CONGRESSIONAL more starved for money then ever before. HONORS THOSE WHO SACRIFICED RECORD. For them, public funds should be spent to (By Robert E. Vass, Sr.) SCHOOL CHOICE improve public schools, not spent to help I’m proud to be one of countless Americans students leave them. who in the tradition of the citizen-soldier Education has always been a defining issue Critics also argue that most Americans do fighting for America’s independence, served in American politics and a matter of the in our nation’s armed forces. I served in the highest importance. Everyone believes that not want tax dollars subsidizing private U.S. Army Air Corps during World War II. in America every child should get a good schools, and they believe that vouchers cre- Veterans Day, Nov. 11, is not only my day; education. Politicians of all stripes have ate instant church-state problems. They say it is American’s day. On this day, in events yearned to be known as ‘‘education presi- that using public funds for religious-affili- ranging from solemn to spectacular—in dents’’ or ‘‘education governors’’. The often ated schooling is a violation of the First sprawling cities and in small towns—Ameri- heated debates swirling at the local school Amendment’s separation of church and state cans will honor those who sacrificed for free- board level also testify to how central an which is at the center of the American polit- dom. issue education is at all levels of govern- ical heritage. Men and women of all races, creeds and so- ment. Now a further debate within this larger Critics also point to the practical difficul- cial stations have stood in harm’s way in ties in implementing school choice. In urban World War I, World War II, Korea, Vietnam, education debate is taking place in state- houses and schoolhouses across the country. areas, where there are not only more schools Lebanon, Panama, Grenada and the Persian to choose from but also greater accessibility Gulf. More than a million of them, including That debate is over school choice. At a fun- to public transportation, it is easier to im- my wartime contemporaries , forfeited all of damental level, school choice involves giving plement school choice reform. Could this their tomorrows in their youth so that the parents the ability to select which schools work in rural southern Indiana where core values of our nation—freedom, justice their children attend. But despite the rel- schools are often separated by at least an and equality—might grow old. atively simple definition, school choice in- A simple gesture of gratefulness is all vet- volves many different and competing op- hour’s drive? What about parents unable or erans want on Veterans Day. Whether you a tions, and the debate is heating up. unwilling to choose, or troubled students veteran or not, you can poignantly express WHAT IS SCHOOL CHOICE? who are less desired by the schools? How do appreciation for the contributions of all vet- School choice encompasses a broad spec- you find enough resources to make choice erans by upholding the values for which trum of educational initiatives and models, really meaningful, so even the poorest or these patriots sacrificed. from modest tinkering to expansive reorga- worst behaving or lowest achieving student I and my comrades in the American Legion nizations. The most popular include school would have a chance to enroll in a good support traditional American values here vouchers and charter schools. school? and in thousands of other communities na- School vouchers provide assistance to fam- ASSESSMENT tionwide. We carry on a tradition of commu- ilies, often in the form of coupons, to be used nity service dating back to the Legion’s to pay either a portion or the entire cost of When it comes to the education of Amer- founding in 1919. private school tuition. Cleveland and Mil- ican children, I believe we should be willing We advocate policies upholding law and waukee have voucher programs supported to experiment and creatively address the order, a strong national defense, a full ac- with taxpayer dollars. These programs are challenges of making sure they receive the counting of those listed either as missing in targeted to low-income families. In Indian- world-class education they deserve. The idea action or as prisoners of war, and just com- apolis there is a limited voucher program of school choice is certainly an attractive pensation for veterans, with service-con- funded through private funds. one, at least in general. By allowing parents nected disabilities. The latter includes thou- Charter schools are independent public to send their children to any school in any sands of Gulf War veterans who went to the schools usually started by parents, teachers, neighborhood, many schools will shape up and administrators. These schools are freed region healthy and returned with ailments of and bright students can shop around to es- from some of the bureaucratic rules and reg- mysterious origin. cape inferior schools. We volunteer in Department of Veterans ulations that drag down performance, but in Affairs hospitals. We help veterans file return they are responsible for meeting cer- But I also believe that choice is not a cure- claims for benefits. We sponsor programs tain standards. Over the past several years all for American schools. It must not stand which instill traditional values in young peo- there has been an intense debate in the Indi- as a substitute for a strong commitment to ple, including Scouts, high school ROTC, ana state legislature over the issue of some a sound education for all of our children. If American Legion Baseball, American Legion charter schools possibly restricting admis- school choice is going to be an effective al- Boys State and Boys Nation, Junior Shoot- sion. ternative, we must address the fundamental November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2333 issues which surround it, and local leader- at the Samaritan Care office. Often the pa- was one of the driving forces behind Guam's ship must take the lead in designing the pro- tients had been receiving hospice care for involvement in the 1966, 1969, and 1975 grams. In general, I think school choice several days before Doctor K first learned of South Pacific Games, the Chamorro Open works best when it is arrived at gradually, the patients when he received the certifi- locally, and voluntarily—not by top-down cation forms to sign. Kirschenbaum never in- Tennis Tournament as well as the activities for mandates. formed Dr. K of the extensive responsibilities refugees as part of Operation New Life. The verdict is still out on whether school of the Medical Director as set forth in the Throughout his teaching career, Joe Paulino choice programs already in place have been Policies and procedures, and Dr. K did not consistently demonstrated the kind of care and ultimately successful. For this reason, fulfill these responsibilities. Kirschenbaum commitment to students expected for all good school choice needs to be a gradual experi- later employed other Medical Directors at teachers. Joe reached out not only to Guam ment, and local leaders need to look long and modest salaries who signed certification students but also to hundreds of young men hard at a variety of innovative strategies forms without seeing patients or reviewing and women from our neighboring Micronesian aimed at improving public schools. their medical records. What we do not want in the end is a school islands. Whenever necessary, he took these f choice system that leads to further segrega- visiting students under his wing during their stay on Guam. He also spent many summers tion by race or income, or a choice system TRIBUTE TO JOE PAULINO that creates a few favored schools for the teaching courses in Kosrae and Chuuk. Joe elite. To bridge the gap between the ideal of Paulino's distinguished service, his active in- school choice and the reality of fundamental HON. ROBERT A. UNDERWOOD volvement and his contributions to the Univer- educational reform, we need to carry on with OF GUAM sity of Guam and to the people of Guam are this timely experiment. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES well deserving of recognition and have in fact f Wednesday, November 12, 1997 moved the Guam legislature to enroll him in Guam's ``Guma Onra'' or House of Honor. WHY BETTER CERTIFICATES OF Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I rise My sincere condolences go out to his wife, MEDICAL NECESSITY ARE NEED- today to pay tribute to one of Guam's edu- Pauline, and his children and their spouses, ED TO HOLD DOWN MEDICARE cators, and a former colleague of mine, Jose Mark and Pauliana, Brian, Andre and Melissa FRAUD ``Joe'' E. Paulino, who was called from this life Mendosa. on October 14, 1997. f HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK Following his graduation from George OF CALIFORNIA Washington Senior High School in 1956, Joe THE VIETNAM WAR: THE MISSING IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES attended the College of Guam before transfer- CHAPTER IN AMERICAN HISTORY ring to Fresno State College in California BOOKS Wednesday, November 12, 1997 where he earned a bachelor of arts in physical Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, on October 7, I education and a minor in recreation in 1961. HON. DONALD A. MANZULLO introduced H.R. 2633. to require the Secretary After his graduation, Joe returned to Guam OF ILLINOIS of HHS to develop and require the use of and began his teaching career at Inarajan IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES standard forms by which physicians certify that Junior High School. He spent the next 3 years Wednesday, November 12, 1997 a course of home health or hospice care is teaching at the former Tumon Junior-Senior necessary and appropriate. High School, prior to commencing his affili- Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, Today, doctors just sign for such services ation with the College of Guam in 1964. my family and I had the opportunity to attend without a clear statement that the patient The following year, Joe was granted a year the commemoration of Veterans Day held at qualifies or is eligible for the course of treat- of paid educational leave by the college's then the Vietnam Memorial in Washington, DC. My ment. Often a doctor is nagged into approving president, Antonio C. Yamashita, to pursue a children, ages 9, 11, and 13, don't know the the course of treatment by the family or pa- master's degree in physical education at Indi- meaning of the word ``Vietnam,'' though sev- tient, and I know that many doctors would like ana University. Upon receiving his degree in eral times we have talked to them about the to be able to explain to patients why they can- 1966, he returned to the College of Guam and Vietnam war. not casually certify an expensive Medicare was promoted to an assistant professor posi- Gen. Barry McCaffrey, Vietnam war veteran, benefit, but instead, various conditions of med- tion. Joe continued his teaching career, and now head of our Office of National Drug ical need must be met. achieving associated professor status at what Control Policy, gave a stirring speech about A clearer, consistent statement of CMN can would eventually become the University of the ones who fought the war, reminding us help reduce fraud. For example, there is the Guam in 1977, and subsequently achieving that the price of freedom is very high. I also complaint of the United States versus Joseph tenure in 1982. heard the incredible speech of Ann Ari Kirschenbaum, filed this October 14 in the Later that year, Joe took leave from the uni- Cunningham, a nurse who served two tours of U.S. District Court for the Northern District of versity to become the director of the depart- duty in Vietnam and who shared her experi- Illinois (Eastern Division), No. 97 CR 702. In ment of parks and recreation, but continued to ences of the war. the grand jury's charges and in the complaint, teach one course per semester at the Univer- Then I met a group of Vietnam veterans in Mr. Kirschenbaum is charged with defrauding sity of Guam through 1984 the rotunda of our Capitol, and they advised Medicare of millions of dollars by providing In 1984, he returned to the University of me that in many school history textbooks the Ðor not providingÐhospice benefits to Medi- Guam campus on a full time status accepting Vietnam war is relegated to a simple para- care beneficiaries. the position of advisor to then university presi- graph. The memory of the 58,000-plus men Following is one of the many charges from dent, Jose Q. Cruz, on the management and and women who perished in that war deserves the grand jury. It is important to note that Doc- operation of the newly built University of more than cursory comment. tor K and the other doctors mentioned in this Guam fieldhouse. President Cruz subse- Therefore, I am requesting the speeches charge are notÐto my knowledgeÐbeing quently appointed him as the fieldhouse man- given by Gen. Barry McCaffrey and Ann charged with the hospice owner. A reformed ager, a position he retained until his retirement Cunningham be included in the CONGRES- and strengthened CMN system, as provided in in 1991. SIONAL RECORD for today. I trust that they will H.R. 2633, would help ensure that doctors During Joe's distinguished academic career, be read by children and serve as a missing would not casually sign such stacks of paper, he served on a majority of the University of chapter in our history books. and if they did, would be liable for false certifi- Guam's planning committees. He also held re- REMARKS FOR VETERANS DAY, VIETNAM WAR cation. sponsible administration positions, including MEMORIAL 58. It was further part of the scheme that chairman of the Division of Health, Physical (By Gen. Barry McCaffrey) defendant KIRSCHENBAUM hired a Medical Education, Recreation and Dance, and assist- INTRODUCTION Director for Samaritan Care who, in ex- ant to the president. Senator Hagel, Jan Scruggs, distinguished change for a modest salary, was willing to Joe also played a major role in the estab- guests, ladies, gentlemen, fellow Veterans of sign every patient certification form that lishment of sports organizations, such as the the Vietnam War. was presented to him without examining the In particular the assembled soldiers of B patients or reviewing the patients’ medical Guam Sports Federation, the Guam Tennis Company, 2–7th Cav who I was privileged to records. This Medical Director, referred to in Club, the Guam Table Tennis Association, the serve with in Vietnam during 1968–1969— this indictment as ‘‘Doctor K,’’ had no in- Guam Volleyball Association, the Far East thank you for your courage and dedication volvement in the hospice other than signing AAU, the Guam Amateur Sports Association in combat and the joy of our reunion during his name to patient forms every two weeks and the Guam Amateur Baseball League. He the past two days. E2334 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 I am especially honored to be here with our of us, nearly three decades have passed since ualties daily, to the women in Special Serv- keynote speaker, the Honorable Charles our time in Vietnam. The historians may ices. Hagel, Senator from Nebraska, who coura- still be sifting through mountains of docu- Thirty years ago I was in Vietnam. I was a geously served in Vietnam as a squad leader ments. However, most of us assembled here young, naive 22 year old, a year and a half in the 9th Infantry Division. He is one of the already know what we learned from the War. out of nursing school when I joined the Army seven U.S. Senators and nine Congressmen, 1st—We must not commit our youth to war Nurse Corps. I was two and a half weeks out members of Congress, who fought in South- without the support of the American people. of basic training the day I landed at Bien east Asia. For in a democracy, lack of such support Hoa Airbase with about half of my basic Today we honor all those who served in produces catastrophic divisiveness and weak- class and a greener 2nd Lt. you would never Vietnam—both the living and those who ening of national will, which are essential to find. never came home. winning. I was a trained operating room nurse, but A ceremony at this site brings to mind the 2nd—We must not send our sons and daugh- I had never seen a trauma patient, let alone images of the nearly three and a half million ters to war without a clear understanding of a mass casualty situation. Needless to say in men and thousands of women who served in national aims and the costs for achieving the next 12 months I saw many such situa- the Vietnam theater. It also brings into them. For failing to articulate these require- tions. It was the best of times and the worst sharp focus the faces of mothers, fathers, ments leads to flawed strategies and higher of times and it took me 15 years to talk young wives, and children who braved the casualties. about it. When the Wall was dedicated, I uncertainty of that conflict, waiting with 3rd—Victory will be paid for in blood by didn’t even know about it because I didn’t anticipation for the return of loved ones. Our country did not treat any of you with the men and women who serve and by loved read about Vietnam or watch Vietnam mov- the respect, support, and compassion you de- ones at home who must bear separations, re- ies. When I did see the dedication on TV, part served. It was a shameful blot on our history coveries from wounds, and ultimate sac- of me was sad that I wasn’t there, but in 1982 to send our country’s young men and women rifices. off to this terrible conflict and then use our And 4th—As individuals, we learned that to I wasn’t ready to face Vietnam. I look at the Wall behind me and I see the soldiers as objects of blame for the divisive survive and succeed when conditions are ap- names of people I know—Bruce Kennedy and political struggle that ripped the nation palling and your life is on the line requires: Charlie Warner—I grew up with in Santa apart for a decade. moral and physical courage, competence, The names inscribed on this monument are self-discipline, and trust in your buddies. Monica, CA. We all went to school together. I look behind me and I see the names of those of men and women who went to Viet- THE FUTURE people I served with: Leroy Pitts, Al Gaidis, nam with their futures ahead of them and Our nation needs your help: who came back home only as memories to Zeddie Dulin, Chuck Springer, Lowell Mor- 1st, Help Vietnam Veterans in need. Get gan and Phil Schmitz. their loved ones. involved in state, local, and Veteran organi- More than 58,000 died and over 303,000 were I look behind me and I see the names of zations. offer your energy, time, money, and wounded. The bloodshed was terrible, and women who cared enough to volunteer to support. the suffering has not ended. At least 80,000 of help other Americans: Carol Drazba, Annie 2nd, Battle the evil of illegal drugs. Get in- our ranks still suffer from severe service- Graham, Elizabeth Jones, Hedwig Orlowski, volved in state, local, and community anti- connected disabilities; around 6 percent of Eleanor Alexander, Pamela Donovan, Mary drug efforts. our Vietnam War comrades suffer from drug Klinker and Sharon Lane. 3rd, Improve your community. Get in- abuse or dependence; 11 percent suffer from I look behind me and I see the name of volved in other activities to make your com- current alcohol abuse; many are homeless; Gary Jones, a person I loved very much. We munity better. Our nation’s leadership sys- and others still suffer from war-related psy- went to Vietnam, I came back and he didn’t. tem works from the bottom up. chological and physical problems. I look behind me and I see the name of pa- This continuing heavy human toll demands ENDING tients we were unable to save. One, I espe- that we Americans vigorously support the We stand before this black marble wall cially remember, he is engraved in my mind finest possible health care in our Veterans’ with row after row of names and salute fall- forever. I was able to find his family and I Administration facilities and sustain strong en comrades for their courage. We remember wrote them a letter. His mother wrote back outreach programs to assist Veterans suffer- the worlds of poet Laurence Binyon, who and these were her words, ‘‘when we received ing from drug and alcohol dependency and wrote at the end of World War I: word that our son was wounded, I wanted to physical and emotional wounds. Our nation ‘‘They shall not grow old, as we that are left go to him, to somehow be there for him, but needs to make the sacrifice for those who grow old, I could not be there. That is a mother’s sacrificed so much in Vietnam. Age shall not weary them, nor the years con- worst nightmare. You will never know what WHO WE WERE demn, it means to us to know that before he died, Who were we, who went to war in Vietnam? At the going down of the sun and in the someone was there to care. Thank you for all We were young. Our average age was 19. 60 morning you did.’’ percent of those killed were 21 or younger. In We will remember them.’’ I think of the friends who have died since my unit, B Company 2–7 Cav, 1st Cavalry di- Thank you Vietnam Veterans for your Vietnam, whose names are not on the Wall, vision, almost all of the troops were between service to America. but maybe ought to be, of BT Collins, whose 18 and 22—basically young men who rapidly contributions to the living and the dead will live on forever and of Doug Colliander, who turned into hardened combat soldiers. SPEECH OF ANN CUNNINGHAM We represented the face of America. We was a friend and died too soon. Today is Veterans Day—a day set aside to were men and women, rich and poor. 11 per- I look behind me at the memorial and honor the men and women who have served cent of our ranks were African-Americans. 5 think of the friends who have been dead now this country. percent were Hispanic. longer than they lived and of the impact We were the best educated troops our na- Today is also the 15th anniversary of the they made on my life. tion had ever sent to war. 79 percent of us dedication of the Vietnam Veterans Memo- To the veterans in the audience today, the had a high school education. rial—the Wall—which at the time of dedica- veterans of World War I, World War II, Most of us were volunteers. Many of our tion was scorned and ridiculed as a black Korea, Desert Storm, Somalia, Bosnia and best combat soldiers were drafted. More than gash of shame and today is the most visited Vietnam, especially Vietnam, I say ‘‘thank 70 percent of our killed in action were volun- of any Memorial in Washington. you for your service and your sacrifices for teers. United by circumstance and choice, we Today is also the 4th anniversary of the your country and welcome home. You are risked our lives for fellow soldiers and coun- dedication of the Vietnam Women’s Memo- very special people.’’ try. rial—which took 10 years to build and I feel We paid a high price for service to our would never have been built but for the te- f country. A grunt in the 25th Infantry Divi- nacity and determination of Diane Carlson INDIA FACES THREAT OF SELF- sion had a 75 percent chance of being killed Evans. People ask me which of the three or wounded. One in four marines became a women remind me of myself. They all re- DETERMINATION, PROFESSOR combat casualty. We suffered amputations or mind me of myself at one time or another, SAYS, FACES NO EXTERNAL crippling wounds at 300 percent the rate of but the one I am most drawn to is the kneel- THREAT our world War II forbears. ing figure. If you look closely at her face you We served honorably. 97 percent of us re- will see pain, sadness, exhaustion, and com- HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS ceived honorable discharges. passion reflected there. All the women who OF NEW YORK We have been successful. Vietnam Veter- served in Vietnam and during the Vietnam ans enjoy incomes higher than our non- War had these traits—from the nurse in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES veteran counterparts. We also have an em- operating room, to the nurse in the ICU unit. Wednesday, November 12, 1997 ployment rate 1⁄3 higher than those who From the Red Cross women who read books never served in the armed forces. and wrote letters for wounded GI’s, to the Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I noted with in- WHAT WE LEARNED Air Traffic Controllers who brought the terest the recent remarks of Dr. Ainslie The Vietnam War officially ended in 1975, planes home after their missions, from the Embree, a professor at Columbia University, more than twenty-two years ago. For many women who counted and tallied up the cas- at a seminar on ``India's Regional Security'' November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2335 held recently at the Henry Stimson Center Embree Professor Columbia University is the largest and most watched Armenian tel- here in Washington. speaking at a seminar held at Henry Stimson evision program. The show contains Armenian Professor Embree stated categorically that Center Washington. The topic was ‘‘India’s local, national, and international news. The India faces no external threat. The imminent Regional Security’’. He was the key-note speaker. hour-long program also includes cultural and threat to India is the movements for self-deter- Dr. Ainslie said India as well as Israel had community events along with Armenian music mination throughout the subcontinent, he said. been driving for commercial and cultural he- videos. He cited the freedom movement in Kashmir as gemony over the world. Focusing on Indian Horizon is administered under the direction the most immediate, but also cited the free- claims, he pointed out that in the brief 50 of the Asbarez Armenian newspaper and Edi- dom struggles in Nagaland, Tamil Nadu, and years of independence, India had already lost tor John Kossakian. I commend Mr. Kossakian Punjab, Khalistan. India takes the position that the role that the sub-continent played in the for his work with the Armenian publication self-determination movements are only used region during the Mughal and the British Asbarez and Horizon Armenian Television. In legitimately against a colonial power, but that rules. He said that during early days of independ- my district, which includes parts of Fresno, once a country is independent no part of that ence Nehru defined India’s problems as the Madera, Mariposa, and Tulare Counties, the country can claim its independence, as the communal problem, the caste problem and horizon show can be seen every Wednesday Sikh nation did on October 7, 1987, when it the language problem, but Nehru failed to from 5:30 to 6:30 p.m. on Media One (local reclaimed its freedom, forming the separate, mention the self determination as India’s channel 42). sovereign country of Khalistan. Sikhs ruled biggest problem. He said ironically, India it- Mr. Speaker, it is with great honor that I Punjab until the British annexation in 1849 and self was a big supporter of self determination congratulate Horizon Armenian Television as it were to receive sovereign power in 1947 when in those days, and would support all the lib- celebrates its 1,000th show. The show sig- India was made independent, so clearly it is eration movements against the colonial pow- nifies leadership in reporting Armenian news ers in Africa, Asia or Latin America. now India that is the occupying colonial power India changed its position on self deter- and information. I ask my colleagues to join in Khalistan, as well as Kashmir, Nagaland, mination in 1966, said Dr. Ainsilie. He said me in wishing Horizon continued success with and many other countries in South Asia. In that since 1966 India pronounced the self de- future programing. I extend to Asbarez and fact, there was no political entity called India termination movement as a movement Horizon my appreciation for a job well done. until the British created it in the nineteenth against an alien occupation, foreign occupa- f century. tion or a colonial occupation only; and once Professor Embree said that India will have a country was independent, no part of that TRIBUTE TO THE BLACK AR- to resolve the Kashmir issue by letting the country could claim independence, and thus CHIVES, HISTORY AND RE- no self determination movement was accept- SEARCH FOUNDATION OF SOUTH people of Kashmir exercise their political will able. through the referendum they were promised in FLORIDA, INC., ON ITS 20TH AN- The first self determination example of NIVERSARY 1948, but which India has never allowed to be South Asia is Pakistan, said Dr. Ainsilie, held. adding Pakistan was the result of self deter- Despite facing no external threat, India is mination movement by the Muslims of the HON. CARRIE P. MEEK building up its military might, especially its nu- sub-continent. He said apart from several OF FLORIDA self determination movements of South Asia clear capacity. Two Indian scientists admitted IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in mid-October that India's supposedly peace- stretching from Nagaland to Tamilnad to Wednesday, November 12, 1997 ful nuclear explosion in 1974 was a bomb. In Punjab, the most important, most lasting one is the self determination movement of Mrs. MEEK of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I rise to addition, the chief of the Indian infantry said the Kashmiris. on October 23 that the Indian military is being He said India will have to resolve the Kash- pay tribute to the Black Archives, History and trained in nuclear and chemical warfare. A se- mir issue, even if it considers the UN resolu- Research Foundation of South Florida, which cret report, revealed on October 16, shows tion as an extreme position and impractica- is celebrating its 20th anniversary on Satur- that Indian plans to produce enough plutonium ble, India cannot ignore the movement and day, November 15, 1997. for 50 nuclear bombs within three years. will have to let Kashmiris exercise their This is indeed a milestone in the history of These frightening developments raise a will. this organization, given the countless struggles troubling question: If India faces no external Dr. Ainsilie emphasized that Kashmir is and challenges that ushered its humble begin- the core issue between Pakistan and India, nings. And as I join my community in recalling threat, why is it producing nuclear weapons and no one in Pakistan is interested in the and training its troops for nuclear war? There small matters like visa or trade facility, the role of Miami's Black Archives Foundation, are only two possible answers. Either these while is not ready to accept the Kashmir I also would like to honor Dr. Dorothy Jenkins weapons are a means of tightening the re- problem as a problem. Fields who serves as the catalyst behind its pression or India is planning to start a war On Siachen, Dr. Ainslie said that Paki- emergence as a respected institution. Almost with a neighbor, presumably Pakistan. I would stan’s position was logistically better than singlehandedly, Dr. Fields helped turn around warn India right now: The world will find any India’s, so that Pakistan had to spend much a neglected part of Miami's cultural heritage nuclear attack unacceptable and a war will less than India. India is bleeding at Siachen, into a living, breathing lesson about the black he added. experience in south Florida for students, only strengthen the hand of the freedom Dr. Ainslie Embree is also a member of movements in the countries India occupies. Kashmir Study Group, and the team leader adults, and researchers alike. In light of these revelations, especially since who recently visited Pakistan, where he met In preparation for the celebration of our Na- India refuses to sign the Comprehensive Test with Foreign Minister Gohar Ayub, Informa- tion's 200th birthday, she conceived and de- Ban Treaty, India should be declared a nu- tion Minister Syed Mushahid Hussain, Min- veloped the concept that hastened the estab- clear threat to the world and appropriate secu- ister of State for ‘‘Agenda 2001’’ Ahsan Iqbal. lishment of this cultural institution. In- rity measures should be taken. We should f corporated on November 17, 1977, as a pri- place tough sanctions on India, cut off its aid, vate, nonprofit organization, the Black Ar- and support the movements for self-deter- CONGRATULATIONS TO HORIZON chives, History and Research of South Florida, mination in Khalistan, Kashmir, Nagaland, and ARMENIAN TELEVISION Inc., is presently governed by a board of direc- all the nations of South Asia. We must support tors and supported by a board of trustees. freedom wherever and whenever we can. We HON. GEORGE P. RADANOVICH Funded solely by its members, donations and can make a real difference in South Asia. We OF CALIFORNIA grants, the foundation is dependent upon its must begin supporting freedom in South Asia IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES volunteer help. now. This institution serves as a manuscript/pho- I am inserting an article from the news serv- Wednesday, November 12, 1997 tographic repository of south Florida's African- ice NNI on Professor Embree's remarks into Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise American communities. The materials in this the RECORD. today to congratulate Horizon Armenian Tele- repository are collected for educational pur- INDIA FACES INTERNAL THREAT NOT vision on the occasion of their 1,000th show. poses for users, which include students, EXTERNAL; AMERICAN EXPERTS Horizon signifies excellence in Armenian tele- teachers, scholars, researchers, the media, (By Ainslie Embree) vision broadcasting. and the public-at-large. The memories of the WASHINGTON, October 28 (NNI).—The only On Friday, November 7, Horizon Armenian pioneers, family albums, photographs, docu- threat to Indian security is internal not ex- Television celebrated its 1,000th show with a ments, souvenir programs from churches and ternal, and the internal threat is the ‘‘self gala banquet at the Universal Sheraton in Los organizations are preserved in its burgeoning determination threat,’’ said Dr. Ainslie Angeles. As a statewide television program, it files. Additionally, it identifies historic sites for E2336 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 nomination to local, State, and national des- INTRODUCTION OF THE POLICE It only makes sense for our financially ignation. As a result of the collected docu- PURSUIT AND RESCUE SUPPORT strapped police departments to have access to mentation, the historic Overtown Folklife Vil- ACT that equipment, already paid for by taxpayer lage and Dade County's Black Heritage Trail dollars, to safely pursue criminals and rescue came to fruition. HON. CAROLYN C. KILPATRICK citizens. My bill gives local police departments It also works in conjunction with the Dade OF MICHIGAN the flexibility to design policies that will protect County Public Schools by providing content for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES citizens, police officers, and save taxpayers untold sums in wrongful death lawsuits. the Infusion of African-American history into Wednesday, November 12, 1997 f existing curriculum utilizing source materials Ms. KILPATRICK. Mr. Speaker, today, along for school children of all races throughout the with Congressman MARTIN FROST and Con- 10TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE EDI- school year. It also initiated the restoration of gresswoman JUANITA MILLENDER-MCDONALD, I SON INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS CEN- several historic sites including the Dr. William am introducing the Police Pursuit and Rescue TER A. Chapman, Sr. residence. Located on the Support Act. This legislation is very simple: it campus of Booker T. Washington High will allow for our financially strapped police de- HON. MARCY KAPTUR School, the house was restored for reuse as partments to utilize Department of Defense the Ethnic Heritage Children's Educational OF OHIO helicopters and other equipment to pursue fel- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Center. ons or rescue citizens. Wednesday, November 12, 1997 One of the more recent joint ventures it High-speed police pursuits are an unfortu- worked out with the Dade County Public nate consequence of the very difficult job that Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Schools is the creation of a district-wide, multi- our local police officers must do everyday. In recognize the 10th anniversary of the Edison cultural and multi-ethnic research and edu- 1996, 377 persons nationwide were killed as a Industrial Systems Center. On November 6, cational facility for students, teachers, and the result of these high-speed pursuits, with 107 1997 EISC will celebrate its long history of community. The objective is to provide oppor- of these fatalities being occupants of other, achievement and contribution to the busi- tunities for students at all grade levels to cele- uninvolved vehicles or innocent bystanders. nesses and citizens of Ohio at a celebration to brate the rich variety of cultures in Dade Two persons in my congressional district have be held at the center of science and industry County. This program enables students to died as a result of these high-speed pursuits in downtown Toledo, OH. record the past in relation to the present, as this year. Their deaths inspired me to seek a EISC has been a tremendous force in help- well as ponder the possible events of the com- reasonable and workable solution to this chal- ing to link companies to high tech resources in ing century. lenge. Helicopters have been shown to be a Ohio and throughout the Nation. These con- more cost-effective and efficient device in nections have been instrumental in increasing The documented materials that now form high-speed pursuits. However, the high ex- production and in improving the quality of the wealth of the Black Archives Foundation pense to purchase and maintain a helicopter products and employee skills in industry. collectively represent a stirring graphic journey is prohibitive to many local police depart- One of EISC's major accomplishments is into the inner sanctum of some of the most ments. the revolutionary and much acclaimed Toledo vivid life-experiences of African-Americans in The Police Pursuit and Rescue Support Act Technology Academy. The academy's goals Dade County. The soul-searching representa- will allow local police departments to utilize are to prepare high school students for high- tion captivated by its historic documents per- helicopters or any other equipment from the tech careers or for further education in engi- sonify not so much the black destination, as local Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, or Coast neering disciplines. much as the episodic journey of our pioneers Guard branch to pursue fleeing criminals or Food production is Ohio's largest industry to that destination. Together they evoke the rescue citizens. Upon the submission to the and EISC's food technology centers work to truism of a revered African Ashanti proverb Department of Defense of high-speed pursuit modernize food producers who still rely on that ``* * * until the lions get their own histo- and rescue guidelines by the local police de- outdated technology for quality control. Mod- rian, the story of the hunt will always glorify partment, the Department of Defense will ernization provided by EISC through this pro- the hunter.'' make helicopters and other equipment avail- gram vastly improves plant safety, product Mr. Speaker, I am truly proud of the pio- able, with a pilot and maintenance person, consistency and profits. neering efforts and resilient spirit of Dr. Doro- free of charge, to the local police department. Among the innovations created under the thy Fields that nurtured the spirit of the Black This would be a mutually agreeable arrange- food technology centers are several new types Archives Foundation in south Florida. The sig- ment: the local police department and the of food sensors that measure quality. Germ nificance of the role of the foundation is pre- local Army, Air Force, Coast Guard, or Navy free packaging methods instructed by EISC mised on the paradigm in that when you stifle base both must conclude that this arrange- are another helpful addition to the industry, im- the remembrance of your people's past, you ment is practical, feasible, and financially re- proving the safety of our food. will have silenced the promise of their future. sponsible. The center for technology commercialization Conversely, however, I am exultant that under The Police Pursuit and Rescue Support Act offers a variety of services to firms. Attorneys, the aegis of this revered institution our com- is a voluntary program that allows local police accountants, and financial institutions main- munity has truly become redemptive and departments to draft their high-speed pursuit tained by this division are available to compa- knowledgeable of the struggles and sacrifices and rescue guidelines, submit these to the De- nies as a form of cost-effective support. of our African-American forbears. partment of Defense, and upon approval of Companies in the city of Toledo, OH, and these guidelines, work with their local branch throughout the Nation are indebted to EISC for As we honor them through the celebration of the Department of Defense to establish ex- its work. I will be pleased to join my commu- of the 20th anniversary of the Black Archives actly how, when, and where this emergency nity on November 6, 1997, to commemorate Foundation, we will have become once again equipment would be used. Each local police the strides EISC has made in 10 years of their partners in exploring the journey they department would have the flexibility to design growth and betterment to industry. begun. In the convergence of our spirits and and develop their own high-speed pursuit f memories with theirs, we will be enriched be- guidelines. As a former elected Michigan State cause through our understanding of the many legislator, I am sensitive to mandates in a HONORING ASSEMBLYMAN JAMES and varied messages they left us through their one-size-fits-all fashion coming from Washing- F. BRENNAN life's journeys, we will be inextricably linked ton, DC, and stringently avoided any such pre- closer to them. requisites in the Police Pursuit and Rescue HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS On this occasion, I want to congratulate the Support Act. OF NEW YORK board of directors and the board of trustees Finally, this bill will make Department of De- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for their steadfast efforts and genuine resil- fense equipment available for the rescue of ience throughout the Black Archives Founda- citizens. Many of our cities have high-rise of- Wednesday, November 12, 1997 tion's 20-year history. I would like to reiterate fice buildings that are inaccessible by the Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to our community's utmost gratitude for giving us longest hook and ladder fire trucks. There are honor the work and achievements of Assem- the privilege of maximizing our knowledge of those accidents and catastrophes that are only blyman James F. Brennan. the vast richness and nobility of our African- accessible by the high technology, advanced Jim Brennan represents the 44th assembly American heritage. vehicles available to our armed services. district containing section of Park Slope, November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2337 Flatbush, Kensington, Parkville, Midwood, and Users Association in 1977, and was elected IN MEMORY OF JOHN MILSTEAD Windsor Terrace. Since 1994, Jim has chaired president of its board of directors at the first the assembly standing committee on mental meeting. He held the position for 20 years, re- HON. BILL McCOLLUM health, mental retardation and developmental tiring in June 1997. Under his leadership, the OF FLORIDA disabilities. Mr. Brennan also serves on four association expanded its membership to in- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES committees: corporations, authorities and com- clude urban contractors such as the Santa missions; education; and real property tax- Clara Valley, the city of Tracy and the Grass- Wednesday, November 12, 1997 ation. lands Water District. Mr. MCCOLLUM. Mr. Speaker, I rise with In his 12 years in the legislative, Mr. Bren- The Western Division of the Wilbur-Ellis Co., great sorrow over the loss of a good friend of nan has sought to champion consumer protec- headquartered in Fresno, has been serving many of us in the Florida delegation, John tion, energy conservation, and social and eco- the San Joaquin Valley and Arizona for 51 Milstead, and to give condolences to his fam- nomic justice. He is well known for his exper- years. The company was selected by a com- ily. On Sunday, November 9, 1997, John suf- tise on budget matters, school aid, and utility mittee representing the AG Fresno Advising fered a massive heart attack while at home. regulatory matters. He is the author of a major Board, the Baker, Peterson & Franklin [BP&F] He passed away that night at the age of 62. piece of budget reform legislation, the tax ex- AG Department, and other organizations as a John Milstead was the executive vice presi- penditure budget. This law, passed in 1991, winner of the 1997 BP&F AG Business Award. dent of the Florida Bankers Association [FBA] requires the Governor to submit an itemized for the last 24 years. In that role he was in- The Western Division of the Wilbur-Ellis Co. list of every special tax break that exists within strumental in many of the major changes in is actively involved in testifying, lobbying, and the State tax code as part of the budget. This the banking industry over the last quarter cen- helping to influence legislation for the reform gives the legislature and the public the oppor- tury. John was government relations for the of the Endangered Species Act, pesticide tunity to scrutinize each tax break and to de- FBA both in Washington and Tallahassee. safety, water issues, and tax reform. They en- termine if it has a benefit to the public as well Legislators of all stripes knew and liked courage their 400 employees to be actively in- as to the private parties involved. Mr. Brennan John, and he will be missed by many. It was volved in community service. The company also authored the exemption from the vault tax always a pleasure to visit with him, both in also provides its employees company time to for New York City homeowners and the ex- Washington and back home in Florida. His pursue their interests. The company sells pes- emption from the New York City personal in- lack of pretense and absolute sincerity in per- ticides and fertilizers through 18 branch loca- come tax for poverty level taxpayers. sonal and professional relationships made him tions, and its AMC subsidiary manufactures Mr. Brennan maintains an active presence a special person. John always knew the issue spray rigs and equipment. The company in his district, participating in the many civic, and argued his cause, but he was never abra- prides itself on the exceptional service to their school, and community improvement efforts sive. He was warm, generous, and thoughtful customers. with his constituents. To better serve his con- with everyone with whom he came in contact. stituency, he maintains two district offices. He Mr. Speaker, it is with great honor that I Mr. Speaker, no words could do justice to how was first elected to the assembly in 1984 after congratulate both C.W. ``Bill'' Jones and the fine a person John Milstead was. working for his predecessor, Joseph Ferris. Western Division of the Wilbur-Ellis Co. as Our sympathy goes to John's wife Chris, his Mr. Speaker, please join me in congratulat- they are presented with the Fresno Agricultur- two sons, three daughters, and six grand- ing Assemblyman Jim Brennan for all of his ist of the Year and the AG Business of the children. years of faithful service to his country and to Year Awards. The hard work and dedication of f the 44th assembly district of Brooklyn, NY. both Mr. Jones and the Wilbur-Ellis Co. serve f as a model for all Americans. I ask my col- IN MEMORY OF HON. JUDGE leagues to join me in wishing Mr. Jones and ANGELO DARRIGO CONGRATULATIONS TO C.W. the Western Division of the Wilbur-Ellis Co. ‘‘BILL’’ JONES AND THE WEST- the best for the future. HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN ERN DIVISION OF WILBUR-ELLIS OF NEW YORK CO. f IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. GEORGE P. RADANOVICH IN MEMORY OF ANNE DOYLE Wednesday, November 12, 1997 OF CALIFORNIA Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, it is with deep IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES regret that I inform our colleagues of the pass- HON. DENNIS J. KUCINICH ing of a truly outstanding member of the bar Wednesday, November 12, 1997 OF OHIO in my congressional district, a credit to the Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bench, the Honorable Judge Angelo Darrigo. today to congratulate C.W. ``Bill'' Jones and Angelo was first elected town justice in the the Western Division of the Wilbur-Ellis Co. as Wednesday, November 12, 1997 town of Newburgh, in Orange County, NY, in they are presented with Fresno Agriculturist 1957. He was reelected every 4 years since Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to and Fresno AG Business of the Year Awards. and accordingly served on the bench for near- honor the memory of Anne Doyle of Bill Jones and the Wilbur-Ellis Co. exemplify ly 40 years. It is a credit to the high regard in Brecksville, OH. A Cleveland native, Anne excellence in the agriculture industry. which he was held that he was unopposed for successfully managed a family, a career, and Bill Jones, originally from Big Spring, TX, reelection. In fact, he was reelected without several community activities. graduated from the University of California, opposition to his 11th 4-year term on the Davis with a bachelor of science degree in ag- In 1959, Anne was named Mother of the bench just last week, 4 days prior to his pass- riculture. After being honorably discharged Year by the Southeast Mothers of Twins Club. ing. with the rank of captain from the U.S. Army She gave birth to twin sons, one of whom had Angelo was a combat veteran of World War Air Force, Bill Jones returned to the Central Hodgkin's disease, only 11 months after the II, serving in the Army Air Corps. When he Valley where he worked as a fertilizer sales- birth of her first child. She and her husband, and I came to know each other, when we man. In 1949, Jones acquired 1,200 acres of Bertram, welcomed their fourth child when were both studying law in New York City, we farmland in the Firebaugh Canal Co. and start- their oldest was starting kindergarten. Juggling shared many memories of our experiences as ed J & J Farms. In 1968, Bill was appointed an active household with four young children Army Air Corpsmen. to the California Water Commission by then- and budgeting her time to include activities Angelo was known not only for his compas- Gov. Ronald Reagan. During his time of serv- such as Cub Scout den mother and singing sion and fairness on the bench, but also as a ice on the commission, he was known for rec- with the Sweet Adelines prepared Anne for skilled legal practitioner whose door was open ognizing the importance of water development her later career. She served as an administra- day or night for anyone seeking his wise coun- throughout the State. J & J Farms has contin- tive assistant of parking and security for sel and advice. Angelo will be sorely missed. ued to grow and add a number of crops to its Cleveland State University for 9 years. Mr. Speaker, I invite our colleagues to join production ledger, including cotton, melons, al- Anne's strong family values, and her excep- with me in expressing condolences to falfa, corn, tomatoes, onions, garlic, broccoli, tional Czechoslovakian recipes, will endure in Angelo's widow, Antoinette, their three sons, lettuce, and other vegetables. her three surviving sons, Michael, Kenneth, Carl, Michael, and Anthony, their two grand- Bill Jones played a key role in the formation and William, and her five grandchildren. She daughters, Angelo's sister Mary Russo, his of the San Luis and Delta-Mendota Water will be greatly missed. brothers, Frank and Thomas, and their many E2338 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 other family members, loved ones, friends, just the last 3 months, nearly 3,000 more jobs But over the last 20 years, particularly since, and admirers who recognize that Judge An- have been moved to Mexico alone. Yes, Mr. fast track has become a device to end run gelo Darrigo will be sorely missed. President, more people are working but they Congress, America has amassed enormous f are working harder for lessÐ4 percent less trade deficits that today lop one full point off since NAFTA and GATT even in this time of of U.S. GDP, representing $1 trillion in lost in- FAST TRACK economic growth, and 20 percent less over come. the last 20 years. The pattern is familiar. Dole Pineapple, for HON. MARCY KAPTUR Just ask thousands of Americans whose example, closes down all its production in Ha- OF OHIO jobs are being fast-tracked outside the United waii, abandoning thousands of employees, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States as we conduct this polite debateÐthe moves its operations to low-wage havens such Wednesday, November 12, 1997 279 recently terminated workers at Eveready as Vietnam and Thailand where field workers Battery in Fremont, OH; or the 350 terminated are paid with three meals a day. Dole's female Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, by defeating workers at Jansport in Burlington, WA; or the processing workers earn pennies an hour, and fast-track negotiating authority, the House 1,500 workers that got pink slips at Fruit of the the pineapple they can is then shipped here to holds a rare and, in fact, profound oppor- Loom in Louisiana this Tuesday; or the 10,000 the United States for sale. All the while the tunityÐafter nearly two decades of growing at Kodak in Rochester, NY and elsewhere price-per-can increases. Dole stock rises on pleas from the American peopleÐto define a who await their layoffs this week; or the thou- Wall Street, but the workers on Hawaii's main new and responsible American free trade pol- sands of vegetable farmers and production street get pink slips, while the productive ca- icy where trade becomes a two-way corridorÐ workers in Florida whose futures have been pacity of Hawaii is diminished. The story is the where reciprocity reigns; where America's permanently altered because our Government same whether it is a Japanese corporation trade ledgers move from deficit to surplus failed to respond in a timely manner to the im- such as Bandai, or Nike, or dozens of others again; where fair treatment and a living wage port surges that wiped out over 225 farm oper- who trade off people's sweat for money. is afforded people who work, and where the ations since NAFTA's passage. Talk to the wages and benefits earned by America's What we see is a handful of giant global hundreds of thousands of terminated workers firms, many with assets larger than nation workers rise again; where the rule of law gains whose jobs have been fast-tracked, and who ascendancy on a global basis; where respect states, who hold no national allegiance and if they have been re-employed, now earn $2 gravitate to the lowest common denominator for the world's environment is fundamental; less per hour on average than on their pre- where we as Members of Congress uphold in wage scales. They are the ones who have vious job, many of them working part-time, or the front row seats at the World Trade Organi- our own sovereign constitutional responsibil- for reduced hours with lower or nonexistent ities as this Nation's chief lawmaking body on zation in Geneva. They continue to monopo- health and pension benefits. lize the benefits of the current trade regime. trade. On the global front, it's time for a realign- Congress must respond to the plight of peo- ment of U.S. trade policy that goes beyond the I can understand why these groups support ple like Ethel Tyner or David Filipiak or Gri- narrow tariff and investment focus of NAFTA fast track and other means to limit congres- selda RodriquezÐour fellow citizens who have and GATT. America must not trade away its sional debate and perusal of these vital agree- paid the price of flawed trade agreements. Our middle-class jobs. Expanding trade must be ments. What other measures that come before trade policy cannot abandon people such as linked to democracy building and social devel- Congress are subject to after-midnight votes, Wanda Napier of Missouri, who had worked opment abroadÐfree trade among free peo- Congress being held hostage, and such arm- for Lee Apparel for 14 years and whose job ples. twisting. Let me remind you these global firms was terminated and moved south of the bor- As John Kennedy taught us, ``economic have not created a single net new job here at der. growth without political freedom elsewhere re- home in the past quarter century. So isn't it Like millions of other Americans who remain mains an empty promise'' in history's long time for us to take account of their ledger, and invisible to the persistent proponents of fast struggle toward the liberation of subjugated demystify it for the American people. track, Wanda was on the losing end of fast people. Tonight, we demand an international What has happened in the past 25 years is track. Vanity Fair Corp., parent company of trade policy that respects people as much as that the United States has become the resid- Lee Apparel which has been expanding its op- it respects capital. ual importer for world markets that largely re- erations in Mexico and other foreign countries Will the trade rules that govern that global main closed to us. The important figure is the while terminating 1,650 more jobs in the Unit- market ensure that trade does not become a net of exports minus imports. On this the Unit- ed States, suddenly announced in September race to the bottom, undermining America's ed States has been the clear loser for over 1996 it was closing the plant where Wanda jobs, wages, and consumer and environmental two decades. had worked for over a dozen years, throwing protections? Will it lead to the development of The United States racked up a $170-billion 350 Americans out of work. democracy and the rule of law in other nations trade deficit for 1996. Add this to the deficits President Clinton, after failing to acknowl- or simply enforce plutocracy? The question for of the previous 20 years and the trade debt edge her plight for nearly 2 years rec- the 21st century is whether the world trade re- represents $1.8 trillion of wealth transferred ommended the fast-tracker's panacea to gime will foster a global village or a global from the American people to foreign credi- WandaÐretraining. Well, she went for retrain- plantation. So far, U.S. trade negotiators have torsÐa massive loan from foreign countries ing. In her own words, been successful in safeguarding capital which must eventually be repaid. Our trade We were ridiculed and humiliated by the rightsÐforeign investment, copyrights, and deficit with China will surpass $40 billion this local division of Employment Security. Even corporate prerogatives but unsuccessful in year; post-NAFTA, our surplus with Mexico though most of us had never asked the Unit- safeguarding people's rightsÐa living wage has fallen to an $18-billion deficit; our annual ed States government for a dime in their and decent working conditions, a safe environ- $50-billion deficit with Japan remains intracta- lives, we were treated like we were worthless ble. In fact, for every country with which the and had our hands in the government till. We ment, and a lift in the standard-of-living for our were told we couldn’t go the schools we people as well as those from other lands. If United States has negotiated a fast-track wanted or take the training we needed. We America keeps its markets open while other agreement, our Nation has fallen into deficit. were told that the only training we could global markets remain highly hurdled, we will Since the United States hold a positive trade have was the quickest, the fastest, and the continue to erode our middle-class standard- balance with Chile and the MERCOSUR na- cheapest. of-living and degrade the world's environment. tions, why rock the boat? Shouldn't Congress Today Wanda works for two-thirds her America has a moral duty to assure that the exercise its responsibility to correct that which former wage and receives no health benefits global marketplace benefits everyone, not just is wrong with the current system before ex- or pension. those capital interests with the deepest pock- panding it? A vote against fast track is a vote of con- ets. If the trade deficit keeps growing at this rate science that puts a human face on trade. It is U.S. TRADE DEFICITS HAVE EXPLODED for another decade, the United States will es- a vote that says where trade is not a two-way Let us look for a moment at the ledger. For sentially be paying the equivalent of 2.5 per- street, serious human casualties prevail. The a century, America has been the world's lead- cent of our GDP in trade debt serviceÐvir- President claims that fast-track trade agree- ing trading nation. We still are. Whether the tually all of the recent annual increase in the ments create ``good, high-paying jobs at United States will lead the world in the next GDP! This means our people pedal harder but home.'' What jobs? The Economic Policy Insti- century is not the question. The question is their bicycles still slip backward. Moreover, tute has identified almost 400,000 more lost where will we lead. Until the mid 1970's, U.S. this continued hemorrhaging of U.S. jobs and U.S. jobs, 19,000 in Ohio, just from NAFTA. In trade accounts had been generally in balance. industry hollows out our manufacturing and November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2339 agricultural base. There is a difference be- potential consumers, 80 percent are only win- gularly compelling moment here in the House tween Wall Street's paper money and produc- dow shoppers, low-wage workers or subsist- that our fight would continue in the tomorrows tive wealth. ence farmers. Under the fast track agree- to comeÐa fight against the narrow visions of If the United States does not take the initia- ments, we don't sell a net positive balance of the elites and Wall Street who would abandon tive to modernize our trade policies at this his- consumer goods to other countries; we send those who work in our factories, on our farms, torical moment at the dawn of the 21st cen- capital and capital goods out of our country and on Main Street. We have continued val- tury, I ask, what country will? Who will carry where goods are assembled by low-wage iantly in our efforts, and we can be proud as the burden to root our trade agreements in our workers often employed for ``hunger wages,'' we vote here today. For it is in our hearts, that fundamental national values, beginning with and then re-exported back to the United reside the truest principles of democracy, individual dignity and justice for all. States and sold here at high pricesÐU-turn prosperity, and respect for ordinary people of The ongoing fast-track debate has served to goods. Mexico is the prime example. NAFTA extraordinary spirit. Our victory gives hope to illuminate the deficiencies of oldstyle trade assured that Mexico would become one of the those in our world who struggle for democ- agreements. It cannot pass on its merits. The primary low-wage export platforms to the Unit- racy, for labor rights, for human health and frantic wheeling and dealing by the White ed States market, presently surpassed only by safety in the workplace, and for the right to House and the Republican leadership that China. Nearly 3,000 plants have located just speak out as we have spoken out today. characterized the last 100 hours of the debate south of the border and they are called ``in- When the vote on GATT occurred, we said shows the opponents of fast track have al- bond'' plants. I agree; labor is held in bond- when that vote was over, it would not be over. ready won a great moral and intellectual vic- age. Since NAFTA, the Mexican domestic Its consequences would be felt for years to tory. So in a historic and troubling last-minute market has shrunk but its export market, pri- come. As a result of the elections of 1994 and search for votes, every conceivable lure has marily to the United States, has expanded dra- 1996, we have been joined by many new been used to dangle in front of undecided matically. This process keeps putting severe Members of Congress, on both sides of the membersÐChristmas tree provisions in appro- downward pressure on United States living aisle, who fought to be our new partners and priation bills, threats to take away Members' standards. If Europe and Japan maintain posi- in that fight to forge a new American respon- chairmanships, tax breaks for southern towns, tive trade balances with Mexico, why is it only sible trade policy. These colleagues did not bridges, roads through national forests, finan- the United States that keeps digging a hole of share our experience as we battled NAFTA in cial help in upcoming primary and general debt with Mexico deeper and deeper? And 1993 and GATT in 1994. But they have heard elections, trade preferences for sub-Saharan with China? And with Canada? the will of the American people as they cam- African nations, tobacco subsidy guarantees, HEALTH, SAFETY AND DRUGS paigned for the seats they now hold, and they wheat ad wine dealsÐyou name it; it's on the What does a fast-tracked trade policy mean have made the difference. table. for the quality of American life? Danger. Since Out of these many battles in a long struggle It my 15 years in Congress, this type of taw- 1990, food-borne outbreaks in the United has come a deep awareness on the part of dry, unyielding pressure convinces me just States from imported food have included: the American people that trade and jobs are how powerful the forces resisting change are. shigellosis from imported green onions; sal- inextricably linked and that people matter It also tells me how strong are the oaks in this monella from imported cantaloupe and im- more than profits. On the floor of this House, Chamber who have stood against the wind. ported alfalfa seeds; cyclospora from imported we not hear the voices of those who bear the We have scored a real victory for the Amer- raspberries; and cholera from imported coco- pain of NAFTA, the indignities of GATT. We ican people and light a roman candle for the nut milk. In Michigan earlier this year, more must now proceed to constructively fashion a dignity of working people everywhere. than 200 cases of hepatitis A were associated trade policy that moves America and the world DOES THE PRESIDENT NEED FAST TRACK? with frozen strawberries imported from Mexico into an era of trade-linked advancement for This and preceding administrations have ne- and illegally labeled as United States grown. people or ordinary means. gotiated over 220 trade agreements without Strawberries imported from Mexico were found I said in 1993 and again in 1994 during the fast-track authority. The Uruguay round of the to have an 18.4 percent violation rate for ille- GATT debateÐalso scheduled after midnight GATT proceeded for several years without fast gal levels of pesticides in 1993. A 47-count in- during a lame duck session of CongressÐthat track. The Clinton administration is currently dictment was brought against a California firm working people would remember those votes. negotiating a multilateral agreement on invest- for fraudulently labeling Mexican grown straw- I say again America's working families will re- ment without fast-track authority. The United berries as United States grown. On May 29 member this vote as well. Let history show it States-Israel Free Trade Agreement was ne- the Centers for Disease Control reported that was here, together, in the people's House gotiated without fast track. The President has imported raspberries were the cause of a where the journey began to enshrine in trade constitutional authority to negotiate with other 1996 outbreak of hepatitis. laws the highest ideals of a free people. Let sovereign nations. The only reason the Presi- Yet inspection of produce for pesticides on us inspire a world where the majority long for dent needs fast track is so he doesn't have to imported food has been reduced. The abso- a better way of life along the path that leads, seriously consult or negotiate with Congress. lute number of imported food sample inspec- not back to the 19th century, but forward to Think about it. Without fast track, U.S. trade tions decreased from 6,463 in 1993, to 5,448 the 21st. negotiators will be in a stronger position vis-aÂ- in 1994, and to 5,032 in 1995Ða decrease of f vis our trading partners if they have to sell the 28 percent over that period. Inspection of im- deal to Congress. The suggestion that our ported Mexican produce declined from 1,820 HONORING JOSEPH SULTAN trading partners won't deal with us without fast samples in 1993 to 1723 samples in 1995 track is ludicrous. If President Clinton can say, even though imports doubled. The food provi- HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS ``I want to do this, but Congress is insisting on sions of NAFTA constrain food safety and ag- OF NEW YORK inclusion of these provisions . . .'' doesn't that ricultural disease and pest inspections. NAFTA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strengthen his hand? specifically forbids imported food from being Wednesday, November 12, 1997 Congress certainly is capable of dealing inspected at the border more thoroughly than with extremely complex legislation. Each year, the same domestic commodity. Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to we pass 13 highly complex appropriation Moreover, under NAFTA we have not just honor the work and achievements of Joseph measures, thousands of pages in length. Each opened our southern border to unsafe food. Sultan. year, we adopt a defense authorization bill We have thrown the door open for the impor- Joe Sultan is a Brooklyn native who grad- thousands of pages in length. And hasn't Con- tation of the illegal drugs that degrade and de- uated from Abraham Lincoln High School in gress dealt with budget and tax measures stroy our communities. Key provisions for 1972. He attended the Cooper Union for the thousands of pages in length, controlling hun- cross-border trucking have been relaxed re- Advancement of Art & Science where he re- dreds of billions of dollars in spending and sulting in Mexico becoming the primary route ceived his bachelor of architecture degree in taxes? for the importation of drugs into the United 1976. MAKING IT THERE AND SELLING IT HERE States. The vast majority of trucks entering the After graduation, he worked for such pres- The United States represents about 4 per- United States from Mexico enter without in- tigious architectural firms as Davis Brody As- cent of the world's population and enjoys spection. sociates, Giorgio Cavaglieri and Warren Gran about 22 percent of the world's products. To During the closing moments of the NAFTA & Associates. maintain our standard-of-living, it is argued, debate in 1993 when it was clear that our po- In 1983, Joe established his own firm. Sul- we have to sell to the other 96 percent of the sition was on the short end of the votes, we tan Associates and in 1991 merged with War- world's population. But of the world's 6 billion promised the American people during that sin- ren Gran & Associates to form Gran Sultan E2340 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 Associates. Together Joe and Warren Gran RELIEVE THE TAX BURDEN But the nation’s true leaders are those who have completed numerous schools for the understand the history of American tax- New York City School Construction Authority, ation. They understand how hard Americans HON. BOB SCHAFFER work to pay their government’s largess. four SRO's for mentally ill adults and many OF COLORADO They realize that our nation once did well to other commercial, residential, and institutional IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rely on national sales taxes (we called them projects. tariffs then) to fund all government oper- Wednesday, November 12, 1997 Joe is currently designing the home for the ations. And our best leaders recognize today Mr. BOB SCHAFFER of Colorado. Mr. that a nation which ventured beyond a na- Long Island Children Museum and Crosby tional sales tax has become perpetrator of a Commons, a 67-apartment assisted living resi- Speaker, I rise today to share some thoughts about taxes. The tax burden on Americans is sick irony, embracing the very precepts dence for United Methodist Homes of Con- out of control and not being eased fast against which it once rebelled, denying the necticut. He has taught construction tech- fruits of real liberty with an arrogance of enough. As we debate the best way to give nology at New York University as a visiting royalty and all the while crushing its people Americans much needed tax relief I urge my lecturer and his work has been featured in the under the weight of oppressive taxation. colleagues to consider the comments of a national media. He and Warren have been Mr. Speaker, as we move forward in our constituent of mine, Brandi Graham, of Fort quest to relieve the tax burden, let us keep named local heroes by Time magazine for Collins, CO. their work in supportive housing. these comments in mind. Taxpaying Ameri- In 1914 the United States was preparing to cans desperately deserve to make their own Mr. Speaker, please join me in congratulat- enter into the most mammoth war the world decisions on how their hard-earned money ing Mr. Joseph Sultan for all of his years of had ever seen. She was strapped for the nec- essary cash to fund the unprecedented devel- should be spent. faithful service to his country and to the 10th f Congressional District of Brooklyn, NY. opment, training, and transport of troops and weaponry across the globe. It was inar- A COMPACT FOR AMERICA’S FU- guably the greatest financial challenge the f growing nation had faced. TURE: SAVING SOCIAL SECURITY Congress took to radical measures. Among FOR OUR GRANDCHILDREN TRIBUTE TO JUDGE RICHARD T. others, it enacted a temporary federal tax on FORD income. It was a spirited debate that pro- HON. NICK SMITH duced the 16th Amendment. OF MICHIGAN The first tax rate was a flat one percent of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. GEORGE P. RADANOVICH all income earned. An amendment was of- fered that would have capped the all-time Wednesday, November 12, 1997 OF CALIFORNIA federal tax rate at two percent. Unfortu- Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, a few nately, the amendment was defeated. Many months ago, I received a letter from one of my IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the legislators wondered if allowing the constituents, Betty Dowdling of Marshall, MI, Wednesday, November 12, 1997 federal government to tax individual income would be the slippery slope toward a govern- urging me to continue working on preserving Social Security for future generations. ``It is Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise ment that would confiscate the earnings of its citizens. Tragically, their fears were to most certainly not fair to leave big debts for today to pay tribute to Judge Richard T. Ford become realized. our children and grandchildren,'' she wrote. upon his retirement on the U.S. Bankruptcy In 1997, Americans worked through the She's exactly right. The good news is that Court. Judge Ford's years of dedicated public month of May just to pay the tax collector. more and more people are coming around to and civic service have been instrumental Only after June, did the Feds actually allow Betty's point of view. us to begin providing for our own families. In throughout his career. His commitment to jus- There has been a lot of talk in the last year tice serves as a model for all Americans and the hands of congressmen, the flat, one per- cent tax rate has become a cruel monstrosity about the future of Social Security. It is an should be held with the highest respect. bearing all the modern trappings of ‘‘pro- issue that, in some way or another, affects Richard T. Ford will retire early in 1998 as gressive’’ taxation, loopholes, and shelters. every American, young and old. If you're cur- U.S. Bankruptcy Court judge. His retirement The tax code itself contains over 1,000 rently working, you pay tax into Social Secu- comes following his long-standing service in pages and requires legions of accountants to rityÐlisted as FICA on your paycheck stub. the community and in the courts. Upholding comprehend. ‘‘Progressivity’’ has caused And if you're retired, you probably regularly re- citizens who work harder to find inexplicably the values for improved practice and ethical ceived a Social Security check. that they only have less take home pay be- When President Franklin Roosevelt enacted standards, Judge Ford has been graced with cause they have achieved a higher tax brack- an exceptional career as a lawyer and a coun- et. Others discover that their savings are Social Security in 1935, it was meant to pro- selor. taxed at higher rates, or that they pay more vide modest assistance to the Nation's most to the government now simply because they elderlyÐthose over 65Ðpaid for by the cur- Judge Ford is a native to Fresno. He at- decided to marry. rent work force. At that time, the system tended local public schools including Fresno The scramble to escape the clutches of the worked wonderfully. Most people never made State University. He has served his country in income tax has approached the absurd. Bil- it past the age of 61, and, as it worked out, various capacities including time in the U.S. lionaires exchange U.S. citizenship for tax about 42 workers contributed to the system for Army. Following his service in the Army, breaks and companies move their operations each retiree. Judge Ford attended the Hastings College of to countries offering less confiscatory ways Today, Social Security is the Nation's larg- of raising national revenue. Our system is a Law. disaster beyond repair. est budget expenditure. Thanks to advancing After his legal education, Judge Ford return So what would the authors of the 16th technology and improved health care, the av- to Fresno area to work for the Fresno County Amendment do if they were in Washington erage life expectancy for Americans is no District Attorney's Office. After his work for the today? Well assuming they could recover longer 61, but a record 74. Instead of 42 work- from the shock of seeing the Frankenstein- district attorney, he practiced bankruptcy and ers paying taxes to support each retiree, there like mutation of their quaint little income are now just three workers for each retiree. In- insolvency law. He has served as a bank- tax plan, they would almost certainly call ruptcy trustee and has administered thou- stead of the old 1 percent payroll tax enacted for tax relief. They would urge the elimi- in 1935, the tax is now 12.4 percent. In just sands of bankruptcy cases over the years. nation of the myriad of loopholes and write- Judge Ford began his service as a bankruptcy offs. But such a lesson might better persuade the past 26 years, in fact, the payroll taxes all workers pay has been hiked 36 timesÐthat is court judge on January 1, 1988. them that the original dissenters were right: That any income tax allows for government on average more than once a year. As the so- Mr. Speaker, it is with great honor that I pay repression of its people. They might opt for called baby boom generation starts to retire at tribute to Richard T. Ford upon his retirement the old and proven way of funding the federal the turn of the century, the ratio between as a U.S. Bankruptcy Court judge. Judge Ford government. workers and retirees will continue to get small- is a thoughtful, impartial, insightful, and thor- Today, seemingly all Americans agree that er and the propensity to increase taxes will oughly prepared judge. Litigants and counsel the tax code is hideous except for those who make the laws. Politicians seem to like the continue to be greater. As early as 2005Ðless are treated with respect in his courtroom and power confirmed by the prodigious code. than 8 years from nowÐthe Social Security are given full opportunity to be heard. I ask my They seem to enjoy the contributions from trust fund will start spending more than it colleagues to join me in wishing Judge Rich- interests seeking to tweak the tax laws here takes in. That is unless we take some action ard T. Ford the best of luck with the future. and there for their selfish advantage. now to change the system. November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2341 Shortly, and with support from Democrats ernment to conduct a full and exhaustive in- the next century. On the other hand, pas- and Republicans, I intend to introduce a bill vestigation into this tragedy and to punish all senger rail service, though heavily subsidized that would allow workers to use a portion of those responsible. Justice delayed is, truly, by the government, continues to lose pas- their current Social Security payroll tax for pri- sengers to faster and more cost-effective justice denied. We must always remember, in means of travel. vate investment. This bill would give you the the words of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an in- The numbers themselves make this con- option of investing your own earnings in justice anywhere is an affront to justice every- trast clear (statistics from 1993). Measured stocks or bonds and with the guidance of a where. by the volume of freight transported, rail- professional money manager, with potentially This is a terrible and tragic loss. In Con- roads accounted for 38.1 percent of domestic far greater returns that you would ever get in gress, we speak of the many tragedies that transport and were the number one method the current system. The average annual rate occur all over the world, especially to Ameri- for transporting goods. Truck accounted for of return for stocks and bonds in the last 70 cans. Although Americans continue to be at 28.1 percent of goods transported and were years has been 9 percent. That is almost five risk in many parts of the world, they faithfully the second most common method of trans- times the rate of return from Social Security. porting freight. The private rail freight com- carry out their duties and are not deterred by panies are clearly an essential part of our By allowing you to invest more of your money senseless instances, such as this one. The economy, and their continued success is a re- as you likeÐand your Social Security payroll Union Texas employees stationed in Pakistan sult of adapting to the modern economy and tax after all is still your moneyÐyou could are no exception. Union Texas Petroleum has providing a competitive and cost effective amass substantial savings. been active in exploring for, developing and service. Senator BOB KERREY, a Democrat from Ne- producing oil and gas in Pakistan for over 20 Passenger rail service, however, has been braska who is also working on this problem, years. The company has approximately 600 less successful. In 1993, intercity railways ac- likes to tell the story about Gladys Holm. Ms. employees in Pakistan, 21 of whom are Amer- counted for approximately 0.4 percent of the total number of passenger-miles traveled in Holm was a secretary who in her whole life ican citizens. never earned more than $15,000 a year. the United States. Comparatively, private The management and employees of Union automobiles on the nation’s highways and When she died last year at 86, she was worth Texas have been leaders in supporting the interstates accounted for 80.8 percent, and over $18 million. Her secret? She just put communities in Pakistan where Union Texas domestic air travel was responsible for 17.4 aside a little bit of money each month through- operations exist and have funded the con- percent. Even intercity bus travel, with 1.1 out her working life and put it in private invest- struction of numerous schools, colleges for percent, was more successful at attracting ment. Through compound interestÐand un- young women and young men, medical clinics, passengers. usually wise investmentsÐGladys Holm had and mosques, and have provided relief during The relative inability of Amtrak to attract passengers comes in spite of the $18 billion in become a millionaire. natural disasters and other emergencies in Though that example is probably atypical, subsidies the federal government has given Pakistan. Union Texas has been a good cor- the railroad since its creation in 1971. While we could do similar things with our Social Se- porate citizen in Pakistan, and it is sad that curity system. By allowing private invest- the initial plan was for Amtrak to be self- such a needless and tragic event has been supporting in two years, it has consistently mentÐas England does with great successÐ targeted at a company dedicated to sharing its lost money for the last 25, and as it is cur- every American could actually have a strong resources with their host country. rently managed, is not expected to ever be safety net when they reach old age. Even bet- This is a terrible loss for the families and profitable. ter, the money you would invest and save friends of the victims, and for Union Texas. While there was a time in which intercity railways carried the bulk of people across would be your ownÐnot the Government's. It f is yours to invest, yours to spend, yours to the country, the advent of cheap, fast airline pass on to your kids and grandkids or char- CONCERN ABOUT FEDERAL travel, and the construction of the vast ities or whatever else you like. Private invest- SUBSIDIES interstate highway network, has given Americans many more choices. They have ment means more power to you. responded by relying on the convenience of If we enact these needed reforms, Social HON. BOB SCHAFFER their automobiles, or availing themselves of Security may finally create the retirement se- OF COLORADO the ability to travel from coast-to-coast in a curity President Franklin Roosevelt envisioned IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES few hours, as opposed to a few days. in 1935. This year, a Federal memorial The relative measure of passenger miles opened in Washington honoring FDR. I think Wednesday, November 12, 1997 bears this fact out, but it also points out an the better tribute to Roosevelt would be if we Mr. BOB SCHAFFER of Colorado. Mr. opportunity to strengthen the vibrant por- worked this year to preserve his most impor- Speaker, I rise today to share with you the tion of the railway industry. By allowing pri- vate freight companies the freedom to com- tant legacy for his great-grandchildren, our thoughts of a fellow Coloradan who is con- pete without undue government interference, great-grandchildren, and many generations to cerned, like all of us, about Federal subsidies. and by encouraging innovation in the rail- come. As the proposal to privatize Amtrak proceeds, way freight industry, we can assure a place f Mr. Scott Slusher of Colorado has composed for America’s railroads in the 21st century. sensible views on this subject which I now Clearly, passenger rail service will con- ‘‘PAKISTAN SHOULD CONDUCT A submit for the RECORD. tinue where it is economically viable. Cap- FULL INVESTIGATION INTO THE Congress is currently working to reauthor- ital assets could be sold to private companies MURDER OF UNION TEXAS PE- ize the Intermodal Surface Transportation all along the Northeast corridor between TROLEUM EMPLOYEES Efficiency Act which lays out the federal Boston and Baltimore. The commuter rail- government’s plan for the nation’s transpor- roads in major urban centers would continue HON. GENE GREEN tation infrastructure. The legislation affects uninterrupted. However, spending scarce tax everything from highways and interstates to dollars on a service that the traveling public OF TEXAS has rejected clearly must come to an end. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES airports and waterways. One of the more contentious topics is the future of railroad Mr. Speaker, as we continue the debate on Wednesday, November 12, 1997 policy and more specifically, Amtrak and the Federal funding of Amtrak I ask my col- Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, earlier this morn- passenger rail service. leagues to keep these comments in mind as ing, I was saddened to learn of the murder of On one side of the argument are train en- we search for solutions. thusiasts and boosters of the rail service, four Americans in Pakistan who were em- f and on the other side are critics such as Sen. ployed by Houston-based Union Texas Petro- John McCain who argue it is time for the leum. in addition, their Pakistani driver was PROVIDING RELIEF TO THE AMER- federal government to get out of the railroad ICAN VICTIMS OF THE APRIL 1994 also murdered. Although no direct link has business. been found, many suspect that this deliberate What is ignored is that the free market, in- BLACK HAWK FRATRICIDE INCI- act of cold-hearted murder may be revenge for dividual citizens, and American industry DENT the murder conviction of a Pakistani in Vir- have already made their choice. The truth is ginia. I would like to express my heart-felt con- that the country’s railroad industry can be HON. MAC COLLINS dolences to the families and friends of Ephra- divided into two parts—one healthy and competitive, the other perennially on the OF GEORGIA im Egbu, Joel Enlow, Larry Jennings and brink of bankruptcy. The privately owned IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tracy Ritchie. You are in our thoughts and and operated freight rail companies continue Wednesday, November 12, 1997 prayers. to make a substantial contribution to the The murder of these courageous Americans nation’s economy, and their future as a mode Mr. COLLINS. Mr. Speaker, on Monday, I is an outrage, and I call on the Pakistani Gov- of freight transportation is secure well into introduced legislation that would equalize the E2342 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 treatment of United States and foreign person- THE FURTHER POLITICIZATION OF Many times over the past four decades, in- nel killed in the April 14, 1994, shootdown of THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE filtrators from the north have tried to slip two U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopters by two across the DMZ into the south. Minefields stand in their way. Some people say that the U.S. Air Force F±15 fighters over Iraq. Follow- HON. DOUG BEREUTER United States must give up such defenses to ing the incident, U.S. Secretary of Defense OF NEBRASKA persuade outlaw nations and terrorists not William Perry found it inappropriate to com- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to scatter mines across the countryside. This pensate the families of the Americans who Wednesday, November 12, 1997 argument fails to account for the fact that were killed in the tragedy citing the Feres doc- the United States is a superpower to which trineÐa legal principle denying compensation Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, this Member other nations, often by default, have en- for death or injury incident to military service. hopes that his colleagues might read and they trusted certain responsibilities. Giving up a remember the following editorial from the Oc- tool for carrying them out is more difficult However, Secretary Perry provided pay- for a superpower than for nations that have ments of $100,000 to the families of each of tober 11, 1997, edition of the Omaha World- Herald next month when the Nobel Peace fewer international obligations. the foreign nationals involved in the accident, Our suggestion that the United States re- in spite of the Feres doctrine. These voluntary Prize is formally awarded. It will be used as an ceive a Nobel prize was only half-serious. payments, made under the Secretary's emer- unreasonable and irresponsible point of pres- The award is generally reserved for individ- gency and extraordinary expense authority sure or attack on the American use of land- uals and institutions. were characterized as humanitarian gestures mines in the demilitarized zone on the Korean In terms of contributions to the peace of offered in recognition of the unique cir- peninsula by both domestic and foreign critics. the world, however, America’s role on the Korean peninsula has few parallels. Because [From the Omaha World-Herald, Oct. 11, 1997] cumstances surrounding the incident. South Korea was kept out of a Soviet or Chi- It is time that we offer the same gesture to NOBEL DECISION RAISES QUESTION: WHAT nese orbit, democracy and free enterprise our own citizens who were involved. In the in- ABOUT PEACE IN KOREA? took root there. Because Japan didn’t need terest of fairness and justice, the law must be The Nobel committee awarded the Nobel to arm itself against a Soviet or Chinese applied in an equal fashion. If it was appro- Peace Prize to the international committee threat based in South Korea, Japan emerged promoting a treaty to halt the use of anti- priate to pay the foreign nationals involved, from its post-war recovery as a peaceful in- personnel land mines. A more appropriate re- dustrial democracy. Other nations around then it is also appropriate to pay the Ameri- cipient, in our opinion, would have been the the Pacific rim took inspiration from the cans. It is outrageous that the United States U.S. government for its 44 years of prevent- economic success of South Korea and Japan. Government would treat British, French, and ing war along the demilitarized zone that Much of the region is now prosperous, non- Turkish soldiers better than our own. separates North and South Korea. communist and free. If enacted, H.R. 2986 will require the Sec- Mention of Korea is appropriate in connec- The careful use of mines played a role in tion with the Nobel committee’s decision. By that success. It’s unfortunate that the anti- retary of the Treasury to make $100,000 pay- honoring the anti-mine campaign, the Nobel ments to the families of each of the Americans mine people will now have yet another people have implicitly condemned one of the forum, the Nobel ceremonies in December, killed in the April 1994 Black Hawk fratricide tools used by U.S. forces to prevent invasion from which to paint the U.S. position as irre- incident. I urge my colleagues to support our or infiltration of South Korea by troops, sab- sponsible. troops and families by supporting this impor- oteurs or assassins from the north. f tant relief measure. President Clinton had asked treaty spon- sors to exempt Korea, allowing the U.S. to TWENTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF f sign the treaty and still maintain the option of using mines along the DMZ. When his re- THE HOSPICE OF SAINT JOHN, LAKEWOOD, CO CAMPAIGN FINANCE REFORM quest was refused, he said the United States could not sign the treaty. So the awarding of this year’s Nobel prize HON. SCOTT McINNIS to the anti-mine campaign is a slap at Clin- HON. RON KIND ton, too, and a slap at the hundreds of thou- OF COLORADO OF WISCONSIN sands of American troops who have rotated IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through the U.S. divisions in Korea since the Wednesday, November 12, 1997 1950s. (During part of that time, the head of Wednesday, November 12, 1997 the anti-mine committee, Jody Williams of Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is a high honor and privilege to allow my colleagues to Mr. KIND. Mr. Speaker, another week and Putney, Vt., was campaigning against U.S. efforts to keep Central America from going know of the wonderful work being done by the still no campaign finance reform. We are now communist.) Hospice of Saint John in Lakewood, Colorado. down to the final days before we adjourn for The United States, of curse, is not the Twenty years ago, in 1977, this program was the year, if we don't take action now on cam- cause of the land-mine problem to which founded by Fr. Paul von Lobkowitz, a priest of paign finance reform next year will be too late. Princess Diana called attention. She went to Angola and hugged children who had been the Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusa- On Monday of this week, I spent the day on lem, Knights of Malta, to serve the sick and several University campuses in my district. I maimed by exploding mines left over from that country’s civil war. the dying. This month the Hospice of Saint had an opportunity to meet with students who U.S. forces don’t scatter land mines at ran- John celebrates twenty years of caring. In are concerned about a variety of issues, in- dom, leaving them to be exploded years later those years its staff of professionals have cluding student financial aid, the environment by grazing animals or playing children. cared for more than 12,000 dying patients and and their future job prospects. I was struck, That’s the behavior of terrorists, dictators their families. however, by the feeling among students that and guerrilla groups. Iraqi military units. The Hospice of Saint John was only the The Viet Cong. East African warlords. Bal- their voice doesn't matter. They believe that second in-patient hospice program to be the influence of money on the political process kan terrorists. By contrast, America, like most other opened in the United States. It has stood the means only the rich and powerful special inter- western nations, is pledged to follow the 1947 test of time in a medical environment that fa- ests have access to Members of Congress. I Geneva Convention, which requires armies to vors the bigger corporations. The Hospice of have tried to do my part, through meetings like record the placement of mines and remove Saint John continues to be independently run the ones I held Monday, to change that per- the devices when no longer needed. and directed by the Order of Saint John of Je- ception. But, we will not be able to completely The United States halted exports of land rusalem and its professed and lay members. mines years ago, even to its allies. U.S.-made change that image until we adopt comprehen- The Hospice of Saint John was the first hos- sive campaign finance reform. mines are manufactured to defuse them- selves after a certain time, usually 60 days. pice program in the state to provide care for These students represent the future. If we Older mines in the U.S. inventory are being AIDS patients when many other programs of expect them to be the leaders in the next cen- destroyed. Fewer mines are being used in the day refused to care for them. Today the tury, we must give them hope that they can Korea, although the United States wants to Hospice's commitment to AIDS patients and make a difference. To achieve that goal we keep the right to use them. their families and friends remains as strong as must pass campaign finance reform, and we In Korea, 35,000 U.S. troops augment the ever, as does its care for every one of its pa- must do it now. South Korean army in holding back the mil- lion-man army of the north. They guard a tients. Many of its patients include young men Mr. Speaker, the people of western Wiscon- 487-square-mile demilitarized zone that and women whose lives are cut short by rav- sin refuse to accept ``no'' as an answer. stretches more than 100 miles through rug- aging diseases. In its twenty years the Hos- Please do not let them down, schedule a vote ged mountains, steep valleys and forested pice of Saint John has never turned away a on campaign finance reform. hills. single patient for a lack of financial means. November 12, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E2343 Remarkably, it has never received a dime of collective bargaining, contract administration, monthly business magazine that continues federal money other than Medicare and Med- and grievance adjustment but not political ac- to carry his name. icaid funds. tivities. Unions made little effort to educate To classical music lovers, Ingram was known as the man who poured millions of This program is worthy of our collective rec- their members about Beck, and found ways to dollars into classical music radio station ognition. For the past twenty years Fr. Paul keep workers from exercising their Beck KXTR, keeping it on the air for years despite and his staff at the Hospice of Saint John rights. unprofitability. He also owned KBEA, which have cared for those who we sometimes tend Today, many union members continue to had a ‘‘Music of Your Life’’ format. He sold to forget. They have toiled in the trenches for pay for more than just collective bargaining. those properties in 1996. all humanity. They deserve our respect and They are also paying for politics. During the Henry Bloch, co-founder of H&R Block support and on this occasion of their twenty 1996 congressional and Presidential cam- Inc., said that many times through the years of dedicated service to my state I ask paigns, for example, labor unions spent more years, including Monday, he saw Ingram eat- ing lunch alone and reading at the River you to join with me in saluting them and their than $400 million on political activities. A re- Club. service to us all. cent poll indicated that 68 percent of union ‘‘I’ve known him for a long time, and I can f members are unaware of the Beck decision. say he did a lot for Kansas City—in real es- Testimony before Congress confirms the dif- tate, with the radio stations and the maga- AMERICA NEEDS THE PAYCHECK ficulty workers have had exercising their Beck zines,’’ Bloch said. ‘‘He was a very nice per- PROTECTION ACT rights. This past spring, worker after worker son.’’ told Congress of the near-impossible task of Quick-thinking, quick-moving and often actually recovering hard-earned wages. slightly disheveled, Ingram whirled his thin HON. BOB SCHAFFER frame from meeting to meeting, wedging in OF COLORADO Under current laws, the only way some reading and note scribbling whenever time IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES union members can refuse contributions to po- would allow. He and his wife, Beth Ingram, litical activities is to quit the union, which also Wednesday, November 12, 1997 at one time said they subscribed to as many means quitting their jobs and risking their live- as 150 periodicals. Mr. BOB SCHAFFER of Colorado. Mr. lihoods. ‘‘He slowed down recently, but he stayed so Speaker, during a recent weekend of site vis- Saying ``no'' should not come at such a high upbeat about Kansas City,’’ said Mike its, in the eastern Colorado congressional dis- price. That is why I introduced H.R. 2608, the Morrissey, past chairman of the Greater trict I represent, a constituent approached me Paycheck Protection Act. The Paycheck Pro- Kansas City Chamber of Commerce, who and posed a sensible question, ``Why am I sometimes ate lunch with Ingram at the tection Act protects workers who are forced to Kansas City Club. ‘‘He was very supportive forced to contribute my hard-earned dollars to contribute to political activities by way of their of anything you ever wanted him to help you my union's political activities?'' He went on to union dues. The Paycheck Protection Act re- with. He and Beth were very generous in the explain that for him, every paycheck includes quires separate, prior, written, voluntary au- Kansas City community, not only financially a deduction for union dues. These dues pay thorization before any money can be deducted but with their time.’’ for legal services and collective bargaining from a wage earner's paycheck for political ac- Former Kansas City Mayor Richard L. costs. Dues, he agrees, are useful to promote tivity. By requiring prior approval, the wage- Berkley said he admired Ingram ‘‘for re- his trade. He has no problem with union dues earner is given a choice. Furthermore, the bill maining active and participating in so many so long as they are used for their intended civic, cultural and political activities. . . . It applies to corporations just as it does unions. was impressive to see him still come to the purpose. More than one-third of the U.S. House is al- Civic Council meetings and other events he He objects, however, to the millions of dol- ready cosponsoring the Paycheck Protection was involved in, even when you knew it was lars his union puts toward political causes he Act, and over 70 percent of working Ameri- getting more difficult for him to move does not support and at the expense of thou- cans express support for the Paycheck Pro- around.’’ sands of union members like him. Most union tection Act. I believe we may finally have a Ingram’s energy left a brick-and-mortar members disagree with giving their wages to chance to help American workers by protect- legacy for the city. One project, TenMain political activities because they are excluded ing their paychecks. Center, a downtown redevelopment effort in in deciding how their money is spent. the 1960s, nearly ruined his wealth and his f health after the intended prime tenant (the Something needs to change. TRIBUTE TO ROBERT PALMER Kansas City Board of Trade) and fellow in- In 1947 Congress passed the Labor-Man- vestors pulled out. agement Relations Act, also known as the INGRAM Ingram stuck with the office tower project, Taft-Hartley Act. This legislation prohibited so- though, and saw it through to fruition. called closed shop workplaces, where one HON. KAREN McCARTHY At one time he owned 10 downtown build- could not be hired without first joining a union. OF MISSOURI ings but in later years retained ownership Calling the act a ``slave labor bill,'' President only of the Argyle Building, a renovated IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tower that housed the offices of Ingram Harry Truman vetoed the measure. Subse- Wednesday, November 12, 1997 Properties and his publishing enterprises. quently, Congress voted to override the veto, Ingram eschewed many outward trappings thereby enacting Taft-Hartley into law. Ms. MCCARTHY of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, of wealth but admitted a fascination with Convinced the bill would destroy the labor my colleague, Mr. DREIER, and I, rise today to high society. Even in failing health in recent movement, union members felt justified in cir- pay tribute to the life of a man who has months, he attended a swirl of benefits and cumventing the legislation. Rather than require touched so many lives and who has contrib- functions. workers to join the union prior to employment, uted so much to our community: Mr. Robert His interest in wealth and society, in part, labor bosses instead required union member- Palmer Ingram. led to his ownership of The Independent, the area’s society journal. ship after the worker was hired. We submit into the RECORD an article in honor of Mr. Ingram's memory and contribu- The Lyric Opera of Kansas City was a The Taft-Hartley Act challenged the unions' major beneficiary of the Ingram’s philan- ability to maintain membership which no tions as recounted by Diane Stafford in my thropy since it founding in 1958. Ingram longer rested upon the utility of their collec- hometown newspaper, the Kansas City Star: money turned the old theater library into a tivism, but upon the ability to lobby Congress. Robert Palmer Ingram, an indefatigable luxurious gathering space for benefactors. Thus, unions became proficient political ma- salesman and civic leader, died Tuesday in Ingram largess also created a new music li- chines. his sleep at his Kansas City home. He was 80 brary for the Kansas City Symphony. years old. He was born in Norfolk, Va., and grew up Union bosses recruited and supported can- Since arriving in Kansas City in the mid- in a suburb of Pittsburgh, where, he said, he didates who would pledge allegiance to the 1940s, Ingram founded or led more than a began selling door to door ‘‘anything he unions. In return for loyalty, unions produced dozen companies, was a director of at least could’’ by age 8. money and manpower to aid political cam- seven others, served as a trustee or a gov- By age 10 he was following the stock mar- paigns. The tactic proved decisive. For many ernor of six major civic or educational orga- ket and buying his first stocks. And by age years, Congress operated in lockstep with the nizations, was an honorary consul to Bel- 12, he grandly noted later, he had learned to unions. gium and held offices or memberships in use rejection as a spur to do better. many other clubs, councils and committees. He studied journalism at Washington and Workers who opposed the unions' political Fueled by his voracious reading, Ingram Lee University and at the University of antics turned to the Supreme Court. In 1988, brought curiosity and wise counsel to wide- Pittsburgh but left college without getting a the Court ruled in Communications Workers v. ranging endeavors. He shunned the spotlight degree because, he later said, he thought he Beck, 487 U.S. 735, that nonunion members but left a public imprint as the former owner needed a job more than he needed more edu- can only be required to pay for the costs of and publisher of Ingram’s, the Kansas City cation. E2344 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks November 12, 1997 His first job was in sales at Anchor Hock- Year award from the Advertising and Sales ment Corporation and Information Center in ing Glass Co. The company dispatched him Executive Club of Kansas City. Kansas City. to Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky, Michigan In recent years Ingram made a few conces- On the civic scene, Ingram’s participation and back to Pennsylvania before sending him sions to age. Once prone to getting speeding was wide and deep. to Kansas City. tickets, he hired a driver to shuttle him from He decided to plant roots and in 1947 found- appointment to appointment. He was trustee of the University of Mis- ed Robert P. Ingram & Co., an independent But despite increased frailty, he took pride souri-Kansas City, the UMKC Conservatory manufacturers’ representative specializing in working in his office from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 of Music and Midwest Research Institute. in housewares and toys. Soon thereafter, he p.m. every Monday through Friday he was in He was on the board of governors of the met and married Beth (Mary Elizabeth Kansas City, said Marie Brown, his executive Straight Theatre Association, the American Renfro). assistant. Royal Association and the Urban League of The Ingrams had two children, Marsha Jill In recent years he and his wife split time Kansas City. Ingram Reynolds and Robert Palmer (Chip) between their residence in The Walnuts, near He was a member of the business council of Ingram III, both of whom live in the Kansas the Country Club Plaza, and their condo in the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art and the City area. There are four grandchildren. Palm Beach, Fla. They also had an apart- museum’s Society of Fellows. Always spurred by the desire to do civic ment in New York. good, Ingram sometimes was thwarted. In A lifelong Republican, Ingram relished his He was a member of the Lyric Opera Guild, the 1960s, for example, he was part of an in- 1969 appointment by Richard Nixon as metro the Fine Arts Guild of William Jewell Col- vestor group that was outbid by Charles O. chairman of the National Alliance of Busi- lege and the Friends of the Kansas City Sym- Finley to buy the Kansas City Athletics nessmen. He also was a member of the Points phony. baseball team. of Light Foundation. He was a member and director of the Civic In the 1970s he was unsuccessful in working A roundup of Ingram’s business presi- Council of Greater Kansas City. for an ice hockey and convention center dencies in addition to Robert P. Ingram & downtown. Co. includes Ingram Investment Co., Lasalle He was a past president of the Chamber of On balance, Ingram’s successes predomi- Leasing Co., KBEA Broadcasting Co., KXTR Commerce of Greater Kansas City and Down- nated. From operating the locker concession Broadcasting Co., Kansas City Bus Advertis- town Inc. at Kansas City International Airport to be- ing Co., Security Locker Co., TenMain Cen- Ingram was appointed to two significant coming a major investor and director of ter, Dow Research, Econo-Car Rental and the public-service commissions in the late 1960s. Rubbermaid, Ingram earned notice for his Argyle Building Co. He was one of five men on a six-month com- entrepreneurship and intelligence. He was chairman of Ingram Media, Custom mission to study civil disorders in Kansas ‘‘There are very few things in life that Publishing by Ingram’s and Ingram Prop- City in 1968, and a year later he accepted an have given me the same pleasure I have re- erties. appointment to the Capital Requirements for ceived from starting and growing busi- He was publisher emeritus of The Inde- Public Schools Committee for the Kansas nesses,’’ Ingram said in a promotional ad for pendent and the former publisher of Ingram’s City School District. Ingram’s not long before his death. and its predecessor, Corporate Report/Kansas He held memberships in the 711 Club, the Always, he told interviewers, he considered City magazine. He sold Ingram’s this year. himself a salesman. In any setting Ingram He was a past director of Rubbermaid, Man of the Month Fraternity, Alliance might be seen thumbing through a wad of Harzfelds, Gilbert/Robinson, Baltimore Bank Francaise, the Friends of Vielles Maisons business cards, searching for the appropriate & Trust Co. of Kansas City, American Cable- Francaises, the Carriage Club, the Kansas one among his many interests and passing it vision of Kansas City and Country Club City Club, the Vanguard Club and BENS. out to a prospective customer. Bank. Friends and family attended his funeral on Ingram’s sales acumen was acknowledged At the time of his death he was a director October 24th at Country Club Christian in 1969, when he received the Saleman of the of FLM Industries and the Housing Develop- Church, 6101, Ward Parkway.