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A Queueing-Theoretic Foundation for Optimal Spaced Repetition
A Queueing-Theoretic Foundation for Optimal Spaced Repetition Siddharth Reddy [email protected] Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 Igor Labutov [email protected] Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 Siddhartha Banerjee [email protected] School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 Thorsten Joachims [email protected] Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 1. Extended Abstract way back to 1885 and the pioneering work of Ebbinghaus (Ebbinghaus, 1913), identify two critical variables that de- In the study of human learning, there is broad evidence that termine the probability of recalling an item: reinforcement, our ability to retain a piece of information improves with i.e., repeated exposure to the item, and delay, i.e., time repeated exposure, and that it decays with delay since the since the item was last reviewed. Accordingly, scientists last exposure. This plays a crucial role in the design of ed- have long been proponents of the spacing effect for learn- ucational software, leading to a trade-off between teaching ing: the phenomenon in which periodic, spaced review of new material and reviewing what has already been taught. content improves long-term retention. A common way to balance this trade-off is spaced repe- tition, which uses periodic review of content to improve A significant development in recent years has been a grow- long-term retention. Though spaced repetition is widely ing body of work that attempts to ‘engineer’ the process used in practice, e.g., in electronic flashcard software, there of human learning, creating tools that enhance the learning is little formal understanding of the design of these sys- process by building on the scientific understanding of hu- tems. -
Reporting Techniques & Skills
Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Reporting Techniques & Skills Study Material for Students 1 Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Reporting Techniques & Skills CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN MEDIA WORLD Mass communication and Journalism is institutionalized and source specific. It functions through well-organized professionals and has an ever increasing interlace. Mass media has a global availability and it has converted the whole world in to a global village. A qualified journalism professional can take up a job of educating, entertaining, informing, persuading, interpreting, and guiding. Working in print media offers the opportunities to be a news reporter, news presenter, an editor, a feature writer, a photojournalist, etc. Electronic media offers great opportunities of being a news reporter, news editor, newsreader, programme host, interviewer, cameraman, producer, director, etc. Other titles of Mass Communication and Journalism professionals are script writer, production assistant, technical director, floor manager, lighting director, scenic director, coordinator, creative director, advertiser, media planner, media consultant, public relation officer, counselor, front office executive, event manager and others. 2 Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping : Reporting Techniques & Skills INTRODUCTION The book deals with techniques of reporting. The students will learn the skills of gathering news and reporter’s art of writing the news. The book explains the basic formula of writing the news and the kinds of leads. Students will also learn different types of reporting and the importance of clarity and accuracy in writing news. -
VAASAN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU VAASA UNIVERSITY of APPLIED SCIENCES Degree Programme in Information Technology
Klim Skuridin SPACED REPETITION CLOUD WEBAPP IN JAVA EE AND GOOGLE MATERIAL DESIGN Information Technology 2016 VAASAN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU VAASA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Degree Programme in Information Technology ABSTRACT Author Klim Skuridin Title Spaced Repetition Cloud WebApp in Java EE and Google Material Design Year 2016 Language English Pages 42 Name of Supervisor Pirjo Prosi The aim of this thesis project was to develop a web application using Java with deployment on Amazon Web Services cloud platform within an Elastic Computing 2 VM instance. The developer aims to help users learn new information using the Spaced Repetition principle. The main tools of the project include Java/JSP for back-end development, Twitter Bootstrap framework for front-end development, GitHub Version Control System for code management, MySQL for app data per- sistence, Tomcat server for deployment and Eclipse IDE for coding the back-end. Keywords: Java, WebApp, AWS, Spaced Repetition, Bootstrap, GMD 3(42) CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 6 2. PROJECT BACKGROUND & DESCRIPTION ............................................. 8 2.1 Project Description.................................................................................... 8 2.2 Application Algorithm .............................................................................. 9 2.3 Relevant Technologies ............................................................................ 11 3. ANALYSIS & DESIGN ................................................................................ -
1800 to 2020 by HANNAH KEARSE County and Yellowstone Coun- Symptoms of Infection
THE LOCAL NEWS OF THE MADISON VALLEY, RUBY VALLEY AND SUrrOUNDING AREAS MONTANA’S OLDEST PUBLISHING WEEKLY NEWSPAPER. ESTABLISHED 1873 75¢ | Volume 149, Issue 31 Thursday, July 23, 2020 BREWERY FOLLIES! SHOWS WED.-SAT. @8PM TWO 4PM MATINEES ON SAT. & SUN. CALL 1-800-829-2969 EXT. 3 FOR RESERVATIONS! WE ARE SELLING OUT, SO CALL AHEAD! [email protected] | 406-843-5247 MADISON COUNTY CORONAVIRUS UPDATE GRIZZLIES, GYE, LISTING, Fourth highest COVID-19 DELISTING, REPEAT cases in state Madison County rise in cases 1800 TO 2020 By HANNAH KEARSE County and Yellowstone Coun- symptoms of infection. [email protected] ty, which isn’t a place we want to According to MCPHD, the be at,” Madison County Public labs are backordered about three adison County has Health Nurse Melissa Brummel weeks. MCPHD is expecting the the fourth highest said. number of cases to increase as COVID-19 cases per Madison County has an they await the results from the Mcapita in the state as of July 21. average of 511 cases per cap- surveillance testing July 10. Four The county has 16 active ita, which is over double the of the 376 surveillance testing cases, adding four new cases average for the state. Montana have come back with results. A over the weekend. Forty-seven has an average of 222 cases per few of the surveillance tests were Madison County residents and capita, with a little over 2,700 untestable, which can occur due 11 non-residents have tested COVID-19 cases total. to not enough mucus on the positive for COVID-19 in Madi- Since July 14, an additional sample or a lab error. -
Exploring Peace Journalism Practices for Conflict Prevention in Rwanda the Case Study of Pax Press Initiative
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES THE CENTRE FOR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT Exploring peace journalism practices for conflict prevention in Rwanda The case study of Pax Press initiative A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Arts in Peace Studies and Conflict Transformation Presented by Gratien HAKORIMANA (Reg. No. 219014948) Supervised by Dr Aggée MUGABE SHYAKA Kigali, December 2020 DECLARATION I, Gratien HAKORIMANA, declare that this thesis on “Exploring Peace Journalism practices for conflict prevention in Rwanda: The case study of Pax Press initiative” is my own work and has not been presented in any other university for academic award. Signature: ………………………. Date: …./.…/2021 i CENTER FOR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AUTHORISATION TO SUBMIT THE CORRECTED DISSERTATION I, undersigned, Professor François MASABO, member of the panel of examiners of the dissertation done by Gratien HAKORIMANA, entitled: EXPLORING PEACE JOURNALISM PRACTICES FOR CONFLICT PREVENTION IN RWANDA: THE CASE STUDY OF PAX PRESS INITIATIVE Hereby testify that, s/he successfully entered the suggested corrections by the panel of examiners and stands with authorization to submit required copies to the administration of CCM for administrative purpose. Done at Kigali Date:…../….…./2021 Signature of the examiner: ............................. For Administration of the CCM MA Program: Name, Signature Email: [email protected] P.O Box 4285 Kigali, Rwanda www.ur.ac.rw ii DEDICATION To my parents Mukagakwisi Donathile and Late Karekezi Sylvand To my beloved wife Cecile Mukandutiye To my sons and the entire family I dedicate this work iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I’d like to extend my gratitude to all people who contributed to the completion of this academic step. -
Teaching Information Evaluation with the Five Ws: an Elementary Method, an Instructional Scaffold, and the Effect on Student Recall and Application
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange UT Libraries Faculty: Peer-Reviewed Publications University Libraries Summer 2014 Teaching Information Evaluation with the Five Ws: An Elementary Method, an Instructional Scaffold, and the Effect on Student Recall and Application Rachel Radom University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Rachel W. Gammons Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_libpub Part of the Information Literacy Commons Recommended Citation Radom, Rachel, and Rachel W. Gammons. "Teaching Information Evaluation with the 5 Ws: An Elementary Method, an Instructional Scaffold, and the Effect on Student Recall and Application." Reference & User Services Quarterly 53, no. 4 (Summer 2014): 334-347. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the University Libraries at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in UT Libraries Faculty: Peer-Reviewed Publications by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FEATURE Teaching Information Evaluation with the Five Ws An Elementary Method, an Instructional Scaffold, and the Effect on Student Recall and Application Rachel Radom and Researchers developed an information efficiently assist students in the acqui- Rachel W. Gammons evaluation activity used in one-shot library sition and application of information instruction for English composition classes. evaluation skills. The desired frame- Rachel Radom is Instructional The activity guided students through evalu- work would be memorable, familiar Services Librarian for Undergraduate ation using the “Five Ws” method of inqui- to students, scalable (used in face-to- Programs, University of Tennessee ry (who, what, when, etc.). -
Christian Distinctives-- Women in the Heart Of
http://www.christian-thinktank.com/femalex.html Christian Distinctives-- Women in the Heart of God (Updated: 01/25/97) 1. Introduction 2. Overview--A Survey of Misconceptions, Objections, Pushbacks 3. Women in the Old Testament 1. The Pre-Monarchy Period (Gen - 1st Samuel 7) 1. The historical data in the narratives; 2. The legal data from the Law of Moses; 3. The literary data of the biblical text itself. 2. The United Monarchy (I Sam 8-I kgs 12; "Leisure Lit") 1. The historical data in the narratives; 2. The literary data in the narrative literature; 3. The "portrayal" data in the "leisure" literature. 3. The Divided Monarchy 1. The data in the historical narratives ; 2. The data in the prophetic literature . 4. The Exilic/Post-Exilic Community 4. Women in The NT and Early Church 1. In the life and ministry of Jesus 2. In the historical literature of the Apostolic circle. 1 of 2 8/3/2004 10:53 AM http://www.christian-thinktank.com/femalex.html 3. Women's roles in the early church. 4. Paul and Women. 5. Concluding Remarks Suggested reading Feminism and the Bible, Mardi Keyes, IVP: 1995. [This small booklet is the best thing I have read on this subject! Outstanding work...I recommend it to all thoughtful folk.] Apology to Women: Christian Images of the Female Sex, Ann Brown,IVP: 1991. (The best book I have seen on this subject.) Woman in the Bible by Mary J. Evans, IVP:1983. A Dictionary of Women in Church History, Mary L. Hammack, Moody:1984. -
SELF-PUBLISHING: YOU CAN DO THIS! What You Need to Know to Write, Publish & Market Your Book
SELF-PUBLISHING: YOU CAN DO THIS! What You Need to Know to Write, Publish & Market Your Book Karen Hodges Miller Open Door Publications Self-Publishing: You Can Do This! What You Need to Know to Write Publish & Market Your Book Copyright© 2017 by Karen Hodges Miller ISBN: 978-0-9981208-7-4 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of the author except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Published by Open Door Publications 2113 Stackhouse Dr. Yardley, PA 19067 www.OpenDoorPublications.com Cover Design: Eric Labacz, www.labaczdesign.com Table of Contents Introduction ...................................................................... 1 Part 1 Write 1. Unlock Your Ideas ...................................................... 4 2. The New Rules of Publishing ....................................... 8 3. Why Write a Book? ................................................... 13 4. Before You Begin ...................................................... 17 5. Organize Your Book .................................................. 21 6. Write Your Book ....................................................... 23 7. Writer’s Block .......................................................... 32 Part 2 Publish 8. What Comes Next? .................................................... 37 9. Decisions, Decisions ................................................ 45 10. Formatting Basics .................................................... -
A Trainable Spaced Repetition Model for Language Learning
A Trainable Spaced Repetition Model for Language Learning Burr Settles∗ Brendan Meeder† Duolingo Uber Advanced Technologies Center Pittsburgh, PA USA Pittsburgh, PA USA [email protected] [email protected] Abstract view sessions a few seconds apart, then minutes, then hours, days, months, and so on, with each We present half-life regression (HLR), a successive review stretching out over a longer and novel model for spaced repetition practice longer time interval. with applications to second language ac- The effects of spacing and lag are well- quisition. HLR combines psycholinguis- established in second language acquisition re- tic theory with modern machine learning search (Atkinson, 1972; Bloom and Shuell, 1981; techniques, indirectly estimating the “half- Cepeda et al., 2006; Pavlik Jr and Anderson, life” of a word or concept in a student’s 2008), and benefits have also been shown for gym- long-term memory. We use data from nastics, baseball pitching, video games, and many Duolingo — a popular online language other skills. See Ruth (1928), Dempster (1989), learning application — to fit HLR models, and Donovan and Radosevich (1999) for thorough reducing error by 45%+ compared to sev- meta-analyses spanning several decades. eral baselines at predicting student recall Most practical algorithms for spaced repetition rates. HLR model weights also shed light are simple functions with a few hand-picked pa- on which linguistic concepts are system- rameters. This is reasonable, since they were atically challenging for second language largely developed during the 1960s–80s, when learners. Finally, HLR was able to im- people would have had to manage practice sched- prove Duolingo daily student engagement ules without the aid of computers. -
Who What Where? Free
FREE WHO WHAT WHERE? PDF Olivier Tallec | 32 pages | 06 Sep 2016 | CHRONICLE BOOKS | 9781452156934 | English | California, United States What? Where? When? - Wikipedia Who, What, Why, When, Where? These are five questions kids learn in grade school or when first learning a language. It covers the basics and helps you understand the situation and context. These 5 questions are fairly famous and an often-quoted way to think through problems. Journalists are trained to answer those 5 questions whenever they write an article or press release. These can also be useful for consultants, with two small additions. How and How Much? For any consultant, eager to see her recommendations implemented, a lot of thought needs to be given to how it will be implemented and how much it might cost. What kind of problem is it? If it is a strategy project, likely it is a WHAT question. Who What Where?, if it is a operations-related project, it is really looking at HOW to implement a good idea efficiently. Most seasoned consultants have been on projects that touch these areas. Answer the right question. It is easy to fall into the trap of addressing the wrong issue. All too often clients hire consultants to solve problem X, only to find out that the problem is actually with Y. On a more personal note, I had dinner with a good friend last night and he adroitly pointed out that I was too focused on answering the HOW on a big decision in my lifeinstead of taking a step back and answering the WHY and the WHAT. -
Ledes and Story Structure Paulo Nuno Vicente, Paulo Nuno Vicente
Ledes and Story Structure Paulo Nuno Vicente, Paulo Nuno Vicente To cite this version: Paulo Nuno Vicente, Paulo Nuno Vicente. Ledes and Story Structure. 2020, 10.1002/9781118841570.iejs0232. hprints-03201116 HAL Id: hprints-03201116 https://hal-hprints.archives-ouvertes.fr/hprints-03201116 Submitted on 17 Apr 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Ledes and Story Structure PAULO NUNO VICENTE NOVA University of Lisbon (NOVA FCSH), Portugal A story structure is how the content of a narrative is organized in order to be conveyed to the audience. This organization implies a narrator and relates in large measure to the order, form, and pace in which the facts and events of the plot are reported. These structures adapt to the different media and function as the overall frame or container for the story. In modern societies, journalists act as narrators. Journalistic practice can be inter- preted through news stories’ production and journalists understood as storytellers who resort to more or less conventional narrative structures in order to organize in a com- municative way the workings of the world. This consideration of news as storytelling historically represented a turning point from journalism as an objective mirror of facts toward more refined sociological and anthropological constructs of journalism as a pro- fessional occupation and culture (e.g., Bird & Dardenne, 1988; Tuchman, 1972). -
The Conflict-Sensitive Journalism Teaching Guide
LOREM IPSUM SIT AMET THE CONFLICT-SENSITIVE JOURNALISM TEACHING GUIDE PHILOSOPHY AND PRACTICE FIRST EDITION 1 Copyright © 2018 by forumZFD (Forum Ziviler Friedensdienst/ Forum Civil Peace Service), Commission on Higher Education – Regional Office XI, PECOJON and the Media Educators of Mindanao , Inc. This publication can be reproduced by any process so long as it is used in line with peace education and campaign, activities and projects, as well as the advancement of conflict-sensitive journalism. However, the publishers shall be duly credited. First edition, 2018 The Conflict-Sensitive Journalism Teaching Guide: Philosophy and Practice EDITORS AND AUTHORS Ed Karlon Rama, Katja Gürten CO-AUTHORS Marianne P. Afrondoza, Christine Faith M. Avila, Lorenzo I. Balili Jr., Venus B. Betita, Helen Fornelos-Fungo, Dinah C. Hernandez, Derf Hanzel Maiz, Mark Roel B. Narreto, Rowena Nuera, Virgilind V. Palarca, Rosa Maria T. Pineda, Joy R. Risonar, Daniel Fritz Silvallana TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Frances Jan Lozano, Gabrielle Aziza J. Sagaral, Sophie Schellens LANGUAGE EDITOR Bernard Julian A. Patiño LAYOUT Karla Degrano forumZFD (Forum Ziviler Friedensdienst/Forum Civil Peace Service) B305-307 Plaza de Luisa Complex R. Magsaysay Avenue, 8000 Davao City Mindanao/Philippines PECOJON - Peace and Conflict Journalism Network Philippines Incorporated 10-A Alo Compound, Elizabeth Pond Extension, Kamputhaw, Cebu City 6000 Philippines Media Educators of Mindanao, Inc. (MEM) https://www.facebook.com/mediaeducatorsofmindanao/ Commission on Higher Education (CHED)