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Selected Papers 2003–2005 Authors and Acknowledgements

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Selected Papers 2003–2005 Authors and Acknowledgements SELECTED PAPERS 2003–2005 AUTHORS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Contributing Authors Acknowledgements Kathy Cahill This publication was jointly produced by WHO and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, United States of the World Bank, with financial support provided America by Ministère des Affaires étrangères, France and Karen Caines the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The Depart- Independent consultant to the High Level Forum ment for International Development of the United Kingdom and the Department of Foreign Affairs Andrew Cassels of Ireland funded some of the papers featured. World Health Organization, Geneva Penelope Andrea (consultant) managed the prepa- Lincoln Chen ration of the volume. Special Envoy, World Health Organization Design and layout: Richard Jones, Exile: Design & Michael Conway Editorial Services. McKinsey & Company, United States of America Leo Devillé Health Research for Action, Belgium Tim Evans World Health Organization, Geneva David Fleming Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, United States of America Mick Foster Mick Foster Economics Ltd, United Kingdom Srishti Gupta McKinsey & Company, United States of America Roger Hay Oxford Policy Institute, United Kingdom Sigrun Møgedal Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norway Hussein Mwinyi Ministry of Health, Republic of Tanzania Francis Omaswa World Health Organization, Geneva Enrico Pavignani Independent consultant to the High Level Forum Peter Sandiford Independent consultant to the High Level Forum Gareth Williams The Policy Practice, United Kingdom High Level Forum on the Health Millennium Development Goals Selected Papers 2003–2005 CONTENTS Preface ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Introduction to the Papers ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Section 1: Scaling Up Aid for Health 1. Resources, Aid Effectiveness and Harmonization Andrew Cassels, Geneva, January 2004 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 2. Harmonization and MDGs: A Perspective from Tanzania and Uganda Leo Devillé, Geneva, January 2004 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 19 3. MDG-Oriented Sector and Poverty Reduction Strategies: Lessons from Experience in Health Mick Foster, Abuja, December 2004 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28 Section 2: Fiscal Space and Financial Sustainability 4. Fiscal Space and Sustainability from the Perspective of the Health Sector Roger Hay and Gareth Williams, Paris, December 2005 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 44 5. Fiscal Space and Sustainability: Towards a Solution for the Health Sector Mick Foster, Paris, November 2005 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 67 Section 3: Global Health Partnerships 6. Global Health Partnerships: Assessing Country Consequences Kathy Cahill, David Fleming, Michael Conway and Srishti Gupta, Paris, November 2005 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 92 7. Best Practice Principles for Global Health Partnership Activities at Country Level Karen Caines, Paris, November 2005 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 104 Section 4: Health Systems 8. Monitoring the Health MDGs Health Metrics Network, Geneva, January 2004 .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 124 9. Tracking Resources for Global Health: Progress Toward a Policy Responsive System Global Health Resource Tracking Working Group, Abuja, December 2004 .................................................................................................................... 132 Contents 10. Following the Money: Recommendations for Global Health Resource Tracking Global Health Resource Tracking Working Group, Paris, November 2005 ....................................................................................................................... 136 11. Improving Health Workforce Performance Peter Sandiford Geneva, January 2004 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 141 12. Working Together to Tackle the Crisis in Human Resources for Health Lincoln Chen, Tim Evans, Sigrun Møgedal and Francis Omaswa, Paris, November 2005 .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 147 Section 5: Health in Fragile States 13. Health in Fragile States: An Overview Note Andrew Cassels, Paris, November 2005 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 158 14. Health Service Delivery in Post-Conflict States Enrico Pavignani, Paris, November 2005 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 165 High Level Forum on the Health Millennium Development Goals Selected Papers 2003–2005 PREFACE The Millennium Development Goals represent an further two meetings of the Forum were held, in unprecedented commitment to tackle the most Abuja in December 2004 and a year later in Paris in basic forms of injustice and inequality in our world: November 2005. poverty, illiteracy and ill-health. However, so far The Forum was designed as an opportunity for progress towards the health MDGs has been worry- senior officials to increase their understanding of ingly slow, lagging behind other areas such as edu- global health issues and to build a consensus on ways cation and poverty reduction. Less than one-in-five to accelerate progress. To encourage open discussion, poor countries is on track to reach the under-five the Forum was deliberately designed to be informal, mortality goal of a two-thirds reduction between limited in size, flexible, off-the-record and temporary. 1990 and 2015. More than 500,000 women die each Over time, six principal themes emerged: year due to complications during pregnancy and, of the over 10 million deaths each year among chil- • Scaling up resources for health dren under five, about half are due to preventable • Increasing the effectiveness of aid for health, and treatable diseases. The HIV/AIDS pandemic improving harmonization and alignment across continues to represent a huge burden, and is by far different initiatives including global health the leading cause of premature mortality in sub- partnerships Saharan Africa. • Increasing fiscal space for health and managing Concerned with the lack of progress, represen- the macroeconomic effects of scaling up health tatives from several development agencies, including spending the World Health Organization and the World Bank, • Improving national and global capacities to met in Ottawa in May 2003 to discuss what can be measure and monitor progress towards the done to improve health outcomes in developing MDG targets to evaluate the impact of increased countries. They recognized that challenges were flows of resources on health outcomes. matched with opportunities: the potential for an • Addressing the crisis in human resources for extraordinary expansion of international funding health in low-income countries for health, the emergence of new actors, such as • The special circumstances surrounding health global health partnerships, and greater political delivery systems in ‘fragile states’. attention to certain aspects of health, in particular To accompany the discussions at the Forum, communicable diseases. background research was commissioned by the Participants at Ottawa agreed an unconventional Secretariat in each of these areas. approach to address challenges and harness oppor- This publication
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