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Fishers and Fish Traders of Lake Victoria: Colonial
FISHERS AND FISH TRADERS OF LAKE VICTORIA: COLONIAL POLICY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF FISH PRODUCTION IN KENYA, 1880-1978. by PAUL ABIERO OPONDO Student No. 34872086 submitted in accordance with the requirement for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject HISTORY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA PROMOTER: DR. MUCHAPARARA MUSEMWA, University of the Witwatersrand CO-PROMOTER: PROF. LANCE SITTERT, University of Cape Town 10 February 2011 DECLARATION I declare that ‘Fishers and Fish Traders of Lake Victoria: Colonial Policy and the Development of Fish Production in Kenya, 1895-1978 ’ is my original unaided work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. I further declare that the thesis has never been submitted before for examination for any degree in any other university. Paul Abiero Opondo __________________ _ . 2 DEDICATION This work is dedicated to several fishers and fish traders who continue to wallow in poverty and hopelessness despite their daily fishing voyages, whose sweat and profits end up in the pockets of big fish dealers and agents from Nairobi. It is equally dedicated to my late father, Michael, and mother, Consolata, who guided me with their wisdom early enough. In addition I dedicate it to my loving wife, Millicent who withstood the loneliness caused by my occasional absence from home, and to our children, Nancy, Michael, Bivinz and Barrack for whom all this is done. 3 ABSTRACT The developemnt of fisheries in Lake Victoria is faced with a myriad challenges including overfishing, environmental destruction, disappearance of certain indigenous species and pollution. -
Astro2020 Science White Paper Unlocking the Secrets of Late-Stage Stellar Evolution and Mass Loss Through Radio Wavelength Imaging
Astro2020 Science White Paper Unlocking the Secrets of Late-Stage Stellar Evolution and Mass Loss through Radio Wavelength Imaging Thematic Areas: Planetary Systems Star and Planet Formation Formation and Evolution of Compact Objects Cosmology and Fundamental Physics 7 Stars and Stellar Evolution Resolved Stellar Populations and their Environments Galaxy Evolution Multi-Messenger Astronomy and Astrophysics Principal Author: Name: Lynn D. Matthews Institution: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory Email: [email protected] Co-authors: Mark J Claussen (National Radio Astronomy Observatory) Graham M. Harper (University of Colorado - Boulder) Karl M. Menten (Max Planck Institut fur¨ Radioastronomie) Stephen Ridgway (National Optical Astronomy Observatory) Executive Summary: During the late phases of evolution, low-to-intermediate mass stars like our Sun undergo periods of extensive mass loss, returning up to 80% of their initial mass to the interstellar medium. This mass loss profoundly affects the stellar evolutionary history, and the resulting circumstellar ejecta are a primary source of dust and heavy element enrichment in the Galaxy. However, many details concerning the physics of late-stage stellar mass loss remain poorly understood, including the wind launching mechanism(s), the mass loss geometry and timescales, and the mass loss histories of stars of various initial masses. These uncertainties have implications not only for stellar astrophysics, but for fields ranging from star formation to extragalactic astronomy and cosmology. Observations at centimeter, millimeter, and submillimeter wavelengths that resolve the radio surfaces and extended atmospheres of evolved arXiv:1903.05592v1 [astro-ph.SR] 13 Mar 2019 stars in space, time, and frequency are poised to provide groundbreaking new insights into these questions in the coming decade. -
Cometary Panspermia a Radical Theory of Life’S Cosmic Origin and Evolution …And Over 450 Articles, ~ 60 in Nature
35 books: Cosmic origins of life 1976-2020 Physical Sciences︱ Chandra Wickramasinghe Cometary panspermia A radical theory of life’s cosmic origin and evolution …And over 450 articles, ~ 60 in Nature he combined efforts of generations supporting panspermia continues to Prof Wickramasinghe argues that the seeds of all life (bacteria and viruses) Panspermia has been around may have arrived on Earth from space, and may indeed still be raining down some 100 years since the term of experts in multiple fields, accumulate (Wickramasinghe et al., 2018, to affect life on Earth today, a concept known as cometary panspermia. ‘primordial soup’, referring to Tincluding evolutionary biology, 2019; Steele et al., 2018). the primitive ocean of organic paleontology and geology, have painted material not-yet-assembled a fairly good, if far-from-complete, picture COMETARY PANSPERMIA – cultural conceptions of life dating back galactic wanderers are normal features have argued that these could not into living organisms, was first of how the first life on Earth progressed A SOLUTION? to the ideas of Aristotle, and that this of the cosmos. Comets are known to have been lofted from the Earth to a coined. The question of how from simple organisms to what we can The word ‘panspermia’ comes from the may be the source of some of the have significant water content as well height of 400km by any known process. life’s molecular building blocks see today. However, there is a crucial ancient Greek roots ‘sperma’ meaning more hostile resistance the idea of as organics, and their cores, kept warm Bacteria have also been found high in spontaneously assembled gap in mainstream understanding - seed, and ‘pan’, meaning all. -
Evolutionary Processes Transpiring in the Stages of Lithopanspermia Ian Von Hegner
Evolutionary processes transpiring in the stages of lithopanspermia Ian von Hegner To cite this version: Ian von Hegner. Evolutionary processes transpiring in the stages of lithopanspermia. 2020. hal- 02548882v2 HAL Id: hal-02548882 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02548882v2 Preprint submitted on 5 Aug 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. HAL archives-ouvertes.fr | CCSD, April 2020. Evolutionary processes transpiring in the stages of lithopanspermia Ian von Hegner Aarhus University Abstract Lithopanspermia is a theory proposing a natural exchange of organisms between solar system bodies as a result of asteroidal or cometary impactors. Research has examined not only the physics of the stages themselves but also the survival probabilities for life in each stage. However, although life is the primary factor of interest in lithopanspermia, this life is mainly treated as a passive cargo. Life, however, does not merely passively receive an onslaught of stress from surroundings; instead, it reacts. Thus, planetary ejection, interplanetary transport, and planetary entry are only the first three factors in the equation. The other factors are the quality, quantity, and evolutionary strategy of the transported organisms. -
BREXIT at a GLANCE... What Happened This Week
BREXIT AT A GLANCE... Weekly news, views and insights from the Welsh NHS Confederation Friday, 21 June Please cascade information where appropriate to your workforce and care providers What Happened This Week... This week has been busy, both in terms of our work to support members and of course all the developments in the Tory Leadership race. This week we attended the Cardiff University’s Wales Governance Centre Brexit and Devolution event. The event marked the two-year anniversary of the publication ‘Brexit and Devolution’ and it was an opportunity for the Institute for Government, Counsel General and Brexit Minister Jeremy Miles, and a panel of industry professionals to discuss how Brexit has and will change the context of Wales’ devolution within the larger UK context. In this event the Minster warned that a chaotic no deal Brexit threatens the future of the UK. We also attended the Welsh Government’s Health Social Services Brexit Communications meeting. During the meeting there was a discussion around how the communication cascade system that was introduced as part of the no- deal planning can be improved to better facilitate the spread of information to front line professionals and the public, especially when no-deal planning is reactivated. The Brexit Communications Plan will also be examined and updated to better reflect the current context and how things have changed since earlier in the year. We spent two days at Confed19, the annual NHS Confederation’s conference, in Manchester – which was a hit all round! There were lots of great speakers and the opportunity to meet with individuals doing great work across the Confederation and the NHS as a whole system. -
Votes and Proceedings - Plenary
Votes and Proceedings - Plenary Meeting Venue: This meeting can be viewed Y Siambr - Y Senedd on Senedd TV at: Meeting date: http://senedd.tv/en/4984 Wednesday, 16 May 2018 Meeting time: 13.30 138 ------ 1 Questions to the Cabinet Secretary for Finance The item started at 13.30 The first 7 questions were asked. Questions 1 and 6 were grouped together for answer. The Presiding Officer invited party spokespeople to ask questions to the Cabinet Secretary after question 2. 2 Questions to the Leader of the House The item started at 14.26 The first 8 questions were asked. Questions 2 and 3 were grouped together for answer. The Presiding Officer invited party spokespeople to ask questions to the Leader of the House after question 3. 3 Questions to the Assembly Commission The item started at 15.12 Both questions were asked. 4 Topical Questions The item started at 15.21 To ask the Cabinet Secretary for Economy and Transport: Dai Lloyd (South Wales West): Will the Cabinet Secretary make a statement following confirmation that the Welsh Government welcomed proposals to rename the second Severn Crossing the Prince of Wales Bridge? To ask the Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Services: Vikki Howells (Cynon Valley): Will the Cabinet Secretary make a statement on the GP indemnity scheme for Wales, following its announcement on Monday? 5 90 Second Statements The item started at 15.31 Jane Hutt made a statement on the Vale of Glamorgan Festival of Music. Dai Lloyd made a statement on Coeliac Awareness Week. 6 Debate on the Assembly's Dignity and Respect Policy The item started at 15.34 In accordance with Standing Order 11.15(ii), voting on the motion under this item was taken at Voting Time. -
(Public Pack)Crynodeb O Bleidleisiau Agenda
NDM7032 - Adroddiad y Pwyllgor Safonau Ymddygiad - Adroddiad 01-19 a osodwyd gerbron y Cynulliad ar 1 Ebrill 2019 yn unol â Rheol Sefydlog 22.9 / NDM7032 - Debate on the Standards of Conduct Committee's Atodiad i'r Agenda Report 01-19 to the Assembly under Standing Order 03/04/19 18:11:56 Enw / Name Plaid Wleidyddol / Political Party Pleidlais / Vote Adam Price Plaid Cymru O blaid / For Alun Davies Welsh Labour Party / Llafur Cymru O blaid / For Andrew RT Davies Welsh Conservative Party / Ceidwadwyr Cymreig O blaid / For Angela Burns Welsh Conservative Party / Ceidwadwyr Cymreig Heb Bleidleisio / Did not vote Ann Jones Welsh Labour Party / Llafur Cymru Heb Bleidleisio / Did not vote Bethan Sayed Plaid Cymru O blaid / For Caroline Jones Caroline Jones - Independant / Caroline Jones - Annibynnol O blaid / For Carwyn Jones Welsh Labour Party / Llafur Cymru O blaid / For Dafydd Elis-Thomas Dafydd Elis-Thomas - Independent / Dafydd Elis-Thomas - Annibynnol O blaid / For Dai Lloyd Plaid Cymru Heb Bleidleisio / Did not vote Darren Millar Welsh Conservative Party / Ceidwadwyr Cymreig O blaid / For David J Rowlands United Kingdom Independence Party / Plaid Annibyniaeth y Deyrnas Unedig O blaid / For David Melding Welsh Conservative Party / Ceidwadwyr Cymreig O blaid / For David Rees Welsh Labour Party / Llafur Cymru O blaid / For Dawn Bowden Welsh Labour Party / Llafur Cymru O blaid / For Delyth Jewell Plaid Cymru O blaid / For Elin Jones Plaid Cymru Heb Bleidleisio / Did not vote Eluned Morgan Welsh Labour Party / Llafur Cymru O blaid / For Gareth -
Concise Minutes - External Affairs and Additional Legislation Committee
Concise Minutes - External Affairs and Additional Legislation Committee Meeting Venue: This meeting can be viewed Committee Room 2 - Senedd on Senedd TV at: Meeting date: Monday, 18 November http://senedd.tv/en/5645 2019 Meeting time: 13.31 - 14.48 ------ Attendance Category Names Joyce Watson AM (In place of David Rees AM) Alun Davies AM Huw Irranca-Davies AM (Temporary Chair) Assembly Members: Delyth Jewell AM Mandy Jones AM David Melding AM Eluned Morgan AM, Minister for International Relations and the Welsh Language Witnesses: Des Clifford, Welsh Government Emma Edworthy, Welsh Government Alun Davidson (Clerk) Claire Fiddes (Deputy Clerk) Committee Staff: Aled Evans (Legal Adviser) Rhun Davies (Researcher) 1 Introductions, apologies, substitutions and declarations of interest 1.1 Huw Irranca-Davies had been appointed temporary Chair for this meeting at the meeting on 11 November 2019. 1.2 The Chair welcomed Members to the meeting. 1.3 Apologies were received from David Rees, and Joyce Watson attended as substitute. 2 Scrutiny session with the Minister for International Relations and the Welsh Language 2.1 The Minister responded to questions from Members. 3 Papers to note 3.1 Paper to note 1: Correspondence from the First Minister to the Chair regarding a request to reschedule scrutiny session - 8 November 2019 3.1.1 Members agreed to the First Minister’s request to re-arrange his appearance before Committee until the New Year. 3.1.2 The paper was noted. 3.2 Paper to note 2: Correspondence from the Minister for International Relations and the Welsh Language to the Chair regarding timetable for publication of international strategy - 12 November 2019 3.2.1 The paper was noted. -
(Public Pack)Crynodeb O Bleidleisiau Agenda Supplement for Y Cyfarfod Llawn, 02/12/2020 13:30
Dadl ar Adroddiad y Pwyllgor Safonau Ymddygiad - Adroddiad 02-20 Debate on the Standards of Conduct Committee Report - Report 02-20 Atodiad i'r Agenda 02/12/2020 Enw / Name Pliad Wleidyddol / Party Pleidlais / Vote Adam Price Plaid Cymru / Plaid Cymru O Blaid / For Alun Davies Llafur Cymru / Welsh Labour Party O Blaid / For Andrew Davies Ceidwadwyr Cymreig / Welsh Conservative Party Ymatal / Abstain Angela Burns Ceidwadwyr Cymreig / Welsh Conservative Party Ymatal / Abstain Ann Jones Llafur Cymru / Welsh Labour Party Heb bleidleisio / Did not vote Bethan Sayed* Plaid Cymru / Plaid Cymru O Blaid / For Caroline Jones Y Gynghrair Annibynnol dros Ddiwygio / Independent Alliance for Reform Heb bleidleisio / Did not vote Carwyn Jones Llafur Cymru / Welsh Labour Party O Blaid / For Dafydd Elis-Thomas Dafydd Elis-Thomas - Annibynnol / Dafydd Elis-Thomas - Independent O Blaid / For Dai Lloyd Plaid Cymru / Plaid Cymru O Blaid / For Darren Millar Ceidwadwyr Cymreig / Welsh Conservative Party Ymatal / Abstain David J Rowlands Y Gynghrair Annibynnol dros Ddiwygio / Independent Alliance for Reform O Blaid / For David Melding Ceidwadwyr Cymreig / Welsh Conservative Party Heb bleidleisio / Did not vote David Rees Llafur Cymru / Welsh Labour Party O Blaid / For Dawn Bowden Llafur Cymru / Welsh Labour Party O Blaid / For Delyth Jewell Plaid Cymru / Plaid Cymru O Blaid / For Elin Jones Plaid Cymru / Plaid Cymru Heb bleidleisio / Did not vote Eluned Morgan Llafur Cymru / Welsh Labour Party O Blaid / For Gareth Bennett Gareth Bennett - Annibynnol / Gareth -
Poverty and Reefs; 2003
POVERTY AND REEFS VOLUME 1 A GLOBAL OVERVIEW IMM Ltd Emma Whittingham, Jock Campbell and Philip Townsley IMM Ltd Innovation Centre Rennes Drive Exeter University Campus Exeter EX4 4RN IMM Ltd United Kingdom http://www.ex.ac.uk/imm DFID Department for International Development 1 Palace Street London SW1E 5HE United Kingdom http://www.dfid.gov.uk/ IOC/UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 1 Rue Miollis 75732 Paris Cedex 15 France http://www.ioc.unesco.org POVERTY AND REEFS VOLUME 1: A GLOBAL OVERVIEW Emma Whittingham Jock Campbell Philip Townsley i © 2003 IMM Ltd, Exeter, UK Typeset by Exe Valley Dataset Ltd, Exeter, UK Project Management by Swales & Willis, Exeter, UK Printed in France. Reference number: IOC/UNESCO/INF-1188, Poverty and Reefs, Volume 1: Global Overview, Volume 2: Case Studies. 260pp. Citation: “Whittingham, E., Campbell, J. and Townsley, P. (2003). Poverty and Reefs, DFID–IMM–IOC/UNESCO, 260pp.” Printed and distributed free by: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 1, Rue Miollis, 75015 Paris, France. Tel: +33 1 45 68 10 10, Fax: +33 1 45 68 58 12 Website: http://ioc.unesco.org, Email: [email protected] DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariats of UNESCO and IOC concerning the legal status of any country or territory, or its authorities, or concerning the elimination of the frontiers of any country or territory. This document is an output from a project funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) for the benefit of developing countries. -
Poverty and Coral Reefs
POVERTY AND REEFS VOLUME 1 A GLOBAL OVERVIEW IMM Ltd Emma Whittingham, Jock Campbell and Philip Townsley IMM Ltd Innovation Centre Rennes Drive Exeter University Campus Exeter EX4 4RN IMM Ltd United Kingdom http://www.ex.ac.uk/imm DFID Department for International Development 1 Palace Street London SW1E 5HE United Kingdom http://www.dfid.gov.uk/ IOC/UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 1 Rue Miollis 75732 Paris Cedex 15 France http://www.ioc.unesco.org POVERTY AND REEFS VOLUME 1: A GLOBAL OVERVIEW Emma Whittingham Jock Campbell Philip Townsley i © 2003 IMM Ltd, Exeter, UK Typeset by Exe Valley Dataset Ltd, Exeter, UK Project Management by Swales & Willis, Exeter, UK Printed in France. Reference number: IOC/UNESCO/INF-1188, Poverty and Reefs, Volume 1: Global Overview, Volume 2: Case Studies. 260pp. Citation: “Whittingham, E., Campbell, J. and Townsley, P. (2003). Poverty and Reefs, DFID–IMM–IOC/UNESCO, 260pp.” Printed and distributed free by: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 1, Rue Miollis, 75015 Paris, France. Tel: +33 1 45 68 10 10, Fax: +33 1 45 68 58 12 Website: http://ioc.unesco.org, Email: [email protected] DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariats of UNESCO and IOC concerning the legal status of any country or territory, or its authorities, or concerning the elimination of the frontiers of any country or territory. This document is an output from a project funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) for the benefit of developing countries. -
Lessons from Past and Current Aquaculture Inititives in Selected
SUB-REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE PACIFIC ISLANDS TCP/RAS/3301 LESSONS FROM PAST AND CURRENT AQUACULTURE INITIATIVES IN SELECTED PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES Prepared by Pedro B. Bueno FAO Consultant ii Lessons learned from Pacific Islands Countries The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. © FAO, 2014 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via www. fao.org/contact-us/licence-request or addressed to [email protected].