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Home , 11th Lok Sabha, 12th Lok Sabha, 14th Lok Sabha, Abul Hasnat Khan, Ajay Chakraborty, Ajit Kumar Panja

General Elect ions 2009

Reference Handbook

Press Information Bureau Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Government of

1 This volume of the Reference Handbook is available at www.pib.nic.in/elections2009. Subsequent volumes [Vol 2: Constituency wise contesting candidates; Vol 3: post-election compilation] will be available on the same website as and when these are compiled. Feedback on the Reference Handbook may kindly be sent to [email protected].

The Press Information Bureau places on record the guidance and support received from the Election Commission of India in compilation of the Reference Handbook and sharing their archives and current data with the Bureau. The information provided by the Secretariat is also thankfully acknowledged.

Contact details of PIB officers

Main Election Cell • Manoj Pandey 011-2338-9220 • Rajesh Malhotra 011-2338-5993 • Satyendra Praksah 011-2338-2145 • Atul Tiwari 011-2338-2126 • Prabhavati Akasi 011-2338-4790 • VB Arora 011-2338-8233 • NC Joshi 011-2338-3986

Email: [email protected]

PIB News room 011-2338-5893; fax 011-2338-6042

Compiled by press information bureau Printed by Directorate of advertising and visual publicity at niyogi offset pvt. ltd. New 2 3 4 CONTENTS

Page I. Schedule For General Elections - 2009 No. 1. Press Note 9 II. General Statistical Information 29 2. State / UT-wise Seats in the Lok Sabha 31 3. Parliamentary Constituencies Reserved for SCs and STs 33 4. Political Parties that took part in the 2004 Elections 36 5. Party Position in the 41 6. Winners and Runners-up in the 2004 Elections 42 7. Close Contests in 2004 – Victory Margin Less than 5000 Votes 66 8. Performance of National Parties in 1999 & 2004 68 9. Performance of Political Parties State-wise in 1999 and 2004 71 10. Performance of Parties in SC Constituencies in 2004 106 11. Performance of Parties in ST Constituencies in 2004 107 12. Performance of Women in 1999 & 2004 Elections 108 13. Performance of Women Candidates in States and UTs in 2004 Elections 109 14. Women Participation in General Elections - 2004 110 15. Size of Electorate and Valid Votes Polled in General Elections - 2004 112 16. Votes Polled by Winners as Percentage of Voters and Electors in 2004 113 17. Number of Polling Stations in General Elections 1999 and 2004 114 18. Interesting Facts of General Elections 2004 115 III. Miscellaneous Statistics 119 19. Facts About Successive General Elections 121 20. Number of Contestants and Winners in General Elections 122 21. Representation of Women Members from 1st to 14th Lok Sabha 123 22. Performance of Independent Candidates from 1st to 14th Lok Sabha 124 23. Voting Percentage in all General Elections 125 24. Expenditure on Lok Sabha Elections 126 25. Poll dates of All Lok Sabha Elections ( 1952-2004) 127 26. Size of Electorates-States & Union Territories during 1998,1999 & 2004 Elections 128 27. Candidates Fielded – Seats Won by Parties in 1998,1999 & 2004 Elections 129 28. Percentage of Valid Votes Polled by Parties in 1998, 1999 & 2004 Elections 129

5 IV. Performance of Parties in AP, Orissa & State Assembly Elections 2004 131 V. Evolution of Electoral System of India 137 VI. Socio-economic Analysis of Lok Sabha Members 143 29. Average Age of Members from 1st to 14th Lok Sabha 145 30. Educational Background of Members from 1st to 14th Lok Sabha 146 31. Legislative Experience of members of 13th and 14th Lok Sabha 147 32. List of Members Elected to Lok Sabha More than 4 times till 2004 148 VII. Important Provisions of Representation of People Act, 1951/ other Instructions/ 151 Guidelines 33. Section 8 – Disqualification on Conviction for Certain Offences 153 • Section 8 A – Disqualification on Ground of Corrupt Practices 154 • Section 34 – Deposits 154 • Section 52 – Death of a Candidate of a Recognized Party before Polls 155 • Section 77 – Account of Election Expenses and Maximum thereof 155 • Section 123 – Corrupt Practices 156 • Section 126 – Prohibition of Public Meetings 159 • Section 158 – Return of Forfeiture of Candidates’ Deposits 159 34. Maximum Election Expenses under Conduct of Election Rules 1961 161 35. The Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968 163 36. Model Code of Conduct for Political Parties and Candidates 165 37. EC’s order regarding advertisements of political nature on TV and Cable TV networks 169 38. EC’s order regarding advertisements of political nature on Radio 174 39. EC’s Guidelines for Conduct of Exit/opinion Polls during the Elections 175 40. Press Council of India’s Guidelines on Election Reporting - 1996 177 VIII. Frequently Asked Questions 179 41. Electronic Voting Machine 181 42. Election Process 186 IX. Contact details of Election Commissioners and other officers involved in the 197 election process

6 I SCHEDULE FOR GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009

7 8 ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA Nirvachan Sadan, Ashoka Road, – 110 001. No. ECI/PN/13/2009 Dated: 2nd March, 2009 PRESS NOTE SUBJECT: SCHEDULE FOR GENERAL ELECTIONS, 2009 The term of the 14th Lok Sabha will expire in the normal course on 1st June, 2009. In terms of the constitutional provisions, a new Lok Sabha is required to be constituted before the 2nd June, 2009.

2. In the course of assessment of the scheduling and phasing options available for the general elections, the Election Commission of India held a meeting with the representatives of all recognized National and State parties on 3rd February, 2009 to obtain their views on various issues connected with the general elections. The Commission also held a series of meetings with the Chief Secretaries, Directors General of Police and Chief Electoral Officers of all States with a view to assessing the law and order situation, the requirement of Central Police Forces (CPF) and to review the over all preparedness of the election machinery in the country. 3. The conduct of General Elections in the entire country requires considerable deployment of Central and State Police Forces. Mobilization, movement, deployment and disengagement of these forces involve a complex exercise and detailed home-work. Towards this, the officials of the Commission held detailed

discussions with the representativesth of theth Home Ministry in several rounds. The full Commission had detailed discussions, on 6 February and 24 February, with the Union Home Secretary and other senior officers of the Ministry. The Commission also discussed with the Chairman, Railway Board and other senior officials about the inter-state movement plan for the transport of CPF and other police forces. 4. In the process of finalizing the election schedule the Commission has taken into account the schedules of school examinations, particularly the Central and State Board examinations, to avoid holding elections during examination period. Besides, polling stations are mostly located in school buildings. Hence, the Commission had to factor in the examination schedules in various states before finalizing the poll dates. In addition, various holidays and festivals during the months of April and May, harvest season in certain parts of the country and the inputs taken from the India Meteorological Department in respect of coming monsoon have also been taken into account. 5. while deciding on the number of phases, number of poll days for each state and the composition of the states and constituencies that go to polls on a particular poll day, the Commission has taken various relevant aspects into consideration. The views expressed by various political parties as well as the State Governments have also been duly considered. 6. The Chief Secretaries and DGPs of various states have pointed out the need for the deployment of Central Police Forces to ensure peaceful, free and fair elections. The Commission has done a detailed exercise to assess the existing deployment of police forces in various states and the total availability of CPF for additional induction from outside the state and the time needed to move them from one state to another. While doing so, the Commission has also endeavored to minimize the crisscross movement of CPF and State Armed Police (SAP) as far as possible, so that their poll day utility is optimized. 7. The possible cross-border influences that could affect the peaceful conduct of elections inthe constituencies located at either side of inter-state boundaries have been mapped and this aspect has also been factored in, to the extent possible, while deciding on the phasing and sequencing options.

9 DELIMITATION OF PARLIAMENTARY AND ASSEMBLY CONSTITUENCIES 8. The extents of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies in all States (except , , Jammu & Kashmir, , and ) have recently been re-determined by

the Delimitationth Commission set up under the Delimitation Act, 2002. By a Presidential Notification issued on 19 February, 2008, the DelimitationO rders of the Delimitation Commission have been made effective from the same date in all the States, NCT of Delhi and of Puducherry (except

the six States indicated above and and ). In respectth of the States of Meghalaya and Tripura, the Delimitation Commission’s orders took effect from 20 March, 2008. Thus the present General Elections to the Lok Sabha for 499 out of 543 Parliamentary Constituencies in all the States, NCT of Delhi and Union Territory of Puducherry (except Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Manipur and Nagaland) and to the State Legislative Assemblies of , Orissa and Sikkim will be held on the basis of the newly delimited constituencies. ELECTORAL ROLLS 9. The electoral rolls of all States and Union Territories have been updated in terms of the aforesaid delimited constituencies, with reference to 1.1.2009 as the qualifying date and have been finally published in all States and Union Territories. However, the process of continuous updating will continue till the last date for filing nominations.The total electorate in the country after this round of revision is approximately 714 million compared to 671 million in 2004. This marks an increase of 43 million in the electorate. PHOTO ELECTORAL ROLLS 10. This would be the first time when the entire country, except the three States of Assam, Nagaland and Jammu & Kashmir, would be using the Photo Electoral Rolls. Out of 543 Parliamentary Constituencies, photo electoral roll will be used in 522 Parliamentary Constituencies as well as in all the Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Andhra Pradesh, Sikkim andO rissa. Photographs of 82% electors are printed in the electoral rolls. This will prevent impersonation and facilitate easy identification. 11. The Commission introduced the concept of Photo Electoral Roll in 2005. This was tested as a pilot project during the 2005 revision in all the constituencies of and Puducherry, 2 constituencies of and 1 constituency each in and . On the successful completion of the pilot project, the Commission took the decision to conduct the 2009 general election to Lok Sabha using Photo Electoral Roll. The intervening general elections to the Legislative Assemblies of Kerala, Puducherry (2006), Himachal Pradesh (2007), Meghalaya, Tripura, , , , , NCT of Delhi (2008 were conducted using Photo Electoral Rolls. ELECTORS’ PHOTO IDENTITY CARDS (EPIC) 12. As stated earlier, Photo Electoral Roll facilitates easy identification of voters. However, in consonance with the past practice, the Commission has decided that compulsory identification of voters will be made in the General Elections to the Lok Sabha and three State Legislative Assemblies and in the bye- elections to otherL egislative Assemblies. Electors who have been provided with EPIC shall be identified through EPIC only. Special drive for issuing EPIC to the left out electors has considerably increased the percentage of EPIC coverage throughout the country (except Assam where the scheme could not be implemented so far) which now stands at an average of 82%. 13. All the residual electors are advised to obtain their Electors’ Photo Identity Cards from the respective Electoral RegistrationO fficers (ERO) urgently. The CEOs have been asked to invigorate the EPIC preparation and distribution campaign and enhance the coverage within next one month.

10 POLLING STATIONS 14. Presently there are 8,28,804 polling stations in the country, as compared to 6,87,402 polling stations during 2004 Lok Sabha elections. This marks an increase of 1,41,402 polling stations. This increase is largely due to rationalization of polling stations, which the Commission undertook during 2008and 2009. Of these, as many as, 12,901 new polling stations have been setup for villages having less than 300 electors with a view to address concerns of threat and intimidation to voters. Commission has undertaken an exercise of ‘Vulnerability Mapping’ in all Constituencies to identify areas and voter segments vulnerable to threat and intimidation and has endeavored to provide polling stations in the vulnerable localities. Other considerations for making new polling stations include the need to reduce the distance required to be traveled by voters, geographical barriers such as rivers and hills etc. This exercise has been done in all the districts in consultation with political parties. SCHEDULE 15. The Commission, after taking into account all relevant factors, has now finalized the Schedule forG eneral Elections to be held in five phases to constitute the . A summary of the Schedules is given at Statement-A. An abstract of the schedules for all the States and Union Territories is given in two different formats at Statement-B1 and B2. List of Constituencies for each of the Phases is given at Statement-C.

16. The Highlights of the Schedules are indicated below:

PHASES – GENERAL ELECTIONS-2009 PHASE NUMBER OF STATES & UNION NUMBER OF DATE OF POLL TERRITORIES PARLIAMENTARY CONSTITUENCIES 1 17 124 16th April, 2009 (Thursday)

2 13 141 23rd April, 2009 (Thursday) (22nd April-2009, Wednesday for 1-Inner Manipur PC only)

3 11 107 30th April, 2009 (Thursday)

4 8 85 7th May, 2009 (Thursday)

5 9 86 13th May, 2009 (Wednesday)

11 NUMBER OF PHASES IN STATES AND UNION TERRITORIES

NO. OF PHASES STATES AND UNION TERRITORIES

FIVE Jammu & Kashmir and

FOUR

THREE and

TWO Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Jharkhand, , Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Orissa and Punjab

ONE Remaining 15 States and 7 Union Territories

th 17. Counting will take place on the 16 of May, 2009 and is expected to be completed on the same day. 18. The Commission has decided to forward its recommendations to the President, for issuing five notifications calling upon the Parliamentary Constituencies covered in each phase in the States and Union Territories concerned to elect members to the House of the People. With this, the campaign days for the Constituencies in each phase has been kept to the possible minimum.

GENERAL ELECTIONS TO LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLIES 19. The Commission has taken into account the fact that the tenure of the Legislative Assemblies of the

states of Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and Sikkim will expire on 30.05.09, 29.06.09 and 23.05.09rd respectively. It is also conscious of the fact that a new Assembly in Sikkim has to be constituted by 23 May, 2009. 20. After taking into account all relevant factors, the Commission has decided to hold elections for new Legislative Assemblies for these states, simultaneously with the General Elections to the 15th Lok Sabha. Elections to the different Assembly Constituencies in the States of Andhra Pradesh and Orissa will follow the same Schedule as for the corresponding Parliamentary Constituencies of which these are the relevant assembly segments. For elections to theL egislative Assembly of Sikkim, thesame schedule as far the corresponding Parliamentary Constituency will be followed up to the date of counting and the date before which the election shall be completed is 23-May-09. The Commission has decided to forward its recommendations to the Governors of these three States, for issuing Notifications (under Section 15 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951), calling upon the State Legislative Assembly Constituencies to elect members to the concerned State Legislative Assemblies, as per Schedule appended hereto at Statement-D.

BYE ELECTIONS TO LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLIES 21. There are a few casual vacancies in some Legislative Assemblies. The Commission has decided to hold by-elections to the following seven Assembly Constituencies which are listed below. Bye elections in these constituencies will be conducted following the same schedule as for the relevant Parliamentary Constituency.

12 STATE NAME OF AC Jharkhand 9-Jamtara Karnataka 50-Bidar Mizoram 29-South Tuipai Nagaland 3-Dimapur-III(ST) 17-Chizami(ST) 41-Tizit(ST) 54-Tuensang Sadar-II(ST) ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINES

22. The Commission has decided to use Electronic Voting Machines in all the polling stations of the country as was done during the last Lok Sabha Election in 2004. There are 13, 68,430 EVMs available in the country. First Level Checking of these EVMs has already been taken up in all the states/UTs and has been completed in many places. 23. As a measure to enhance transparency in allotment of EVMs to different constituencies and polling stations, the Commission has introduced a two stage randomization procedure– one by the District Election Officer involving representatives of the recognized political parties, immediately after the first level checking is over, for allotment of EVMs to different constituencies in the district, and then again at the level of Returning Officer involving the candidates or their election agents to randomly decide the specific polling stations in which each of the EVM bearing unique identification number will be used.

MODEL CODE OF CONDUCT 24. Consequent on the announcement of the Schedule for the General Elections through this Press Note, the Model Code of Conduct for the Guidance of Political Parties and Candidates comes into operation with immediate effect from today itself in the entire country. This will be applicable to all political parties and to theU nion and State and Union Territory Governments. The Commission calls upon all the political parties, candidates and theU nion and State and Union Territory governments to strictly adhere to the Model Code of Conduct, which is a unique document, evolved with the consensus of political parties in the country. REGISTRATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES 25. In terms of the existing policy of the Commission regarding Registration of New Political Parties, processing of any fresh applications filed hereafter for their registration would remain suspended with immediate effect till completion of the election process on 28th May, 2009. AFFIDAVITS BY CANDIDATES 26. All the candidates will be required to filetwo affidavits along with their nomination papers. The affidavits will include information on the criminal antecedents of the candidate, assets (including the moveable and immoveable properties of the candidate, spouse and dependents), liabilities of the candidate and his/her educational qualifications. The filing of the affidavits is mandatory and its non-filing will result in the rejection of the nomination paper by the Returning Officer. 27. As part of the efforts of the Commission to disseminate the information contained in the affidavits to the citizens at the earliest, instructions have been issued to the ReturningO fficers to display the copies of these affidavits on notice-board and to make available, on demand, the copies of the affidavits freely to other candidates, general public, media, etc. on the very day of filing of affidavits by a candidate. The copies of these affidavits will also be available in a compiled form with the District Election Officer concerned. Any individual or any civil society organization desirous of obtaining this compiled information can apply to the District Election Officer with a nominal payment towards copying charges.

13 28. The Commission appeals to the citizens, the media and all the interested parties to cooperate with the election authorities for the widest dissemination of this information as contemplated in the directions of the Courts and the Commission.

ACCOUNTS OF CANDIDATES 29. It is mandatory under the election law for every contesting candidate to maintain and furnish accounts of his election expenditure. Under Section 77 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 only the expenses on account of travel of ‘leaders’ of political party concerned (whose names are communicated to the Commission and the CEO of the state within the prescribed period of 7 days from the date of notification) will be exempted from being included in the account of expenses of a candidate. All other expenses – incurred/authorized by the political parties, other associations, body of persons, individuals – are required to be included in the account of the candidate. 30. The Commission has already issued detailed guidelines on the manner in which accounts are to be maintained and submitted by the candidates and it is incumbent upon them to maintain a daily account of expenditure and to submit it to the Designated Officer/ElectionO bserver three times during campaign period. To strengthen the monitoring, the Commission will be taking special steps. A cell comprising of experts drawn from Income Tax Department will also be set up in the Commission to deal with information on poll expenses of the candidates. 31. The Commission has taken a serious note of the illegal use of money power in elections and violation of expenditure norms in various manners and has decided to track such incidents closely for follow-up action.

VOTER PARTICIPATION 32. The Election Commission of India in recent years has initiated various measures to streamline the process of voter registration. The Booth Level Officer system has helped in enrolling the eligible voters and in detecting and removing the names of the dead and shifted voters. The Commission hereby calls upon all the registered voters of the country to participate in the voting process and exercise their constitutional right to vote. Wider voter-participation will make the democracy in India more vibrant and deepen its roots more strongly. The Commission has directed the CEOs to take certain voter-friendly initiatives, like voter help-line, voter assistance booths near polling stations, web-based search facilities to locate the names in the voter list and so on. The Commission has also issued guidelines to the CEOs to take special measures to facilitate voting by the physically challenged voters. 33. The Commission recognizes and acknowledges the role of media and civil society organizations in aiding the election machinery in the successful conduct of elections. The Commission looks forwards to their total support and feedback that could help mid-course interventions. 34. in terms of its scale, magnitude and complexities are the largest and most vigorous democratic exercise in the world. The Commission is confident that all the stake-holders – the political parties, the candidates, the voting public and the entire election machinery, will fully appreciate the need for restraint and discipline to ensure free, fair and peaceful elections. The time tested credibility of electoral system is our nation’s pride. The Commission is fully committed and will strive hard to uphold and add strength to the deeply-rooted democratic traditions of our nation.

(R.BALAKRISHNAN) Deputy Election Commissioner

14 ednesday) ednesday) 5B 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 17-Apr-2009 (Friday) 24-Apr-2009 (Friday) 25-Apr-2009 (Saturday) 28-Apr-2009 (Tuesday) 13-May-2009 ( W 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 1 14 ednesday) ednesday) ECI PRESS NOTE - 2-Mar, 2009 - 2-Mar, NOTE PRESS ECI 5A 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 17-Apr-2009 (Friday) 24-Apr-2009 (Friday) 25-Apr-2009 (Saturday) 27-Apr-2009 (Monday) 13-May-2009 ( W 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 8 72 General Elections -2009 - Statement - A Elections -2009 - Statement General ednesday) ednesday) 4 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 11-Apr-2009 (Saturday) 18-Apr-2009 (Saturday) 20-Apr-2009 (Monday) 22-Apr-2009 ( W 07-May-2009 (Thursday) 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 8 85 3C 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 02-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 09-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 10-Apr-2009 (Friday) 13-Apr-2009 (Monday) 30-April-2009 (Thursday) 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 4 29 ednesday) ednesday) 3B 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 02-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 09-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 10-Apr-2009 (Friday) 15 -Apr-2009 ( W 30-April-2009 (Thursday) 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 1 1 3A 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 02-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 09-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 11-Apr-2009 (Saturday) 13-Apr-2009 (Monday) 30-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 6 77 ednesday) ednesday) SUMMARY OF SCHEDULES SUMMARY & Dates Schedule Numbers 2B 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 28-Mar-2009 (Saturday) 04-Apr-2009 (Saturday) 06-Apr-2009 (Monday) 08-Apr-2009 ( W 23-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 12 140 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA COMMISSION ELECTION ednesday) ednesday) ednesday) 2A 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 28-Mar-2009 (Saturday) 04-Apr-2009 (Saturday) 06-Apr-2009 (Monday) 08-Apr-2009 ( W 22-Apr-2009 ( W 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 1 1 1 adra & Nagar Haveli and Sikkim (separate schedule was required since 10-Apr, 2009 is not a holiday in these States but is a holiday in other in holiday a is but States these in holiday a not is 2009 10-Apr, since required was schedule (separate Sikkim and Haveli Nagar & D adra 02-Mar-2009 02-Mar-2009 (Monday) 23-Mar-2009 (Monday) 30-Mar-2009 (Monday) 31-Mar-2009 (Tuesday) 2-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 16-Apr-2009 (Thursday) 16-May-2009 (Saturday) 28-May-2009 (Thursday) 17 124 D iu, aman & D aman ujarat, G ujarat, Poll Event Event Poll & Issue of Press Announcement Note Issue of Notification filing Nominations for D ate L ast of Nominations Scrutiny of withdrawal for date Last Candidature of Poll Date on Votes of Counting which the election shall before D ate be Completed Number of States/UTs Number of Parliamentary Constituencies States in this phase) States Schedule 2A in only for Manipur (separate schedule was required due to holiday on 23-Apr-2009) on 23-Apr-2009) holiday due to required schedule was Manipur (separate Schedule 2A in only for 2009) on 13 and 14-Apr, holidays due to required schedule was (separate Jammu & Kashmir Schedule 3B is only for for only is 3C Schedule 2009) on 27-Apr, to holiday due required was schedule (separate Pradesh U ttar Schedule 5B is only for 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sl. No. NOTE: NOTE: a) b) c) d)

15 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 General Elections - 2009 - Statement – B1

ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA General Elections-2009

NUMBER OF STATES/UTs VOTING IN DIFFERENT PHASES

PCs Phases 16-Apr-09 23-Apr-09 30-Apr-09 7-May-09 13-May-09 STATES AND UTs PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3 PHASE 4 PHASE 5 Andaman & Nicobar Islands 1 1 1 Arunachal Pradesh 2 1 2 1 1 1 Chhattisgarh 11 1 11 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 1 1 1 Daman & Diu 1 1 1 NCT of Delhi 7 1 7 2 1 2 26 1 26 Haryana 10 1 10 Himachal Pradesh 4 1 4 Kerala 20 1 20 1 1 1 Meghalaya 2 1 2 Mizoram 1 1 1 Nagaland 1 1 1 Puducherry 1 1 1 Rajasthan 25 1 25 Sikkim 1 1 1 39 1 39 Tripura 2 1 2 5 1 5 Andhra Pradesh 42 2 22 20 Assam 14 2 3 11 Jharkhand 14 2 6 8 Karnataka 28 2 17 11 Madhya Pradesh 29 2 13 16 Manipur* 2 2 1 1 Orissa 21 2 10 11 Punjab 13 2 4 9 Maharashtra 48 3 13 25 10 West Bengal 42 3 14 17 11 Bihar 40 4 13 13 11 3 Jammu & Kashmir 6 5 1 1 1 1 2 Uttar Pradesh 80 5 16 17 15 18 14 Total 543 124 141 107 85 86 Total States/UTs Polling on this Day 17 13 11 8 9 No. of States and UTs polling in single phase 22 No. of States and UTs polling in two phases 8 No. of States and UTs polling in three phases 2 No. of States and UTs polling in four phases 1 No. of States and UTs polling in five phases 2 Total 35

* The Phase-2 polling in Manipur will take place on 22-Apr-09

16 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02-Mar, 2009 General Elections - 2009 - Statement – B2

ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA General Elections -2009 NUMBER OF CONSTITUENCIES VOTING IN DIFFERENT PHASES IN STATES & UNION TERRITORIES

STATES/ UTs Constitu PHASES POLL DATES AND PHASE encies 16-Apr-09 23-Apr-09 30-Apr-09 07-May-09 13-May-09 PHASE1 PHASE2 PHASE3 PHASE4 PHASE5 Andhra Pradesh 42 2 22 20 Arunachal Pradesh 2 1 2 Assam 14 2 3 11 Bihar 40 4 13 13 11 3 Goa 2 1 2 Gujarat 26 1 26 Haryana 10 1 10 Himachal Pradesh 4 1 4 Jammu & Kashmir 6 5 1 1 1 1 2 Karnataka 28 2 17 11 Kerala 20 1 20 Madhya Pradesh 29 2 13 16 Maharashtra 48 3 13 25 10 Manipur† 2 2 1 1 Meghalaya 2 1 2 Mizoram 1 1 1 Nagaland 1 1 1 Orissa 21 2 10 11 Punjab 13 2 4 9 Rajasthan 25 1 25 Sikkim 1 1 1 Tamil Nadu 39 1 39 Tripura 2 1 2 Uttar Pradesh 80 5 16 17 15 18 14 West Bengal 42 3 14 17 11 Chhattisgarh 11 1 11 Jharkhand 14 2 6 8 Uttarakhand 5 1 5 Andaman & Nicobar 1 1 1 Islands Chandigarh 1 1 1 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 1 1 1 Daman & Diu 1 1 1 NCT of Delhi 7 1 7 Lakshadweep 1 1 1 Puducherry 1 1 1 Total Constituencies 543 124 141 107 85 86 Total States/UTs Polling on this Day 17 13 11 8 9 States Constituencies No. of States and UTs polling in single phase 22 164 No. of States and UTs polling in two phases 8 163 No. of States and UTs polling in three phases 2 90 No. of States and UTs polling in four phases 1 40 No. of States and UTs polling in five phases 2 86 Total 35 543 † The Phase-2 polling in Manipur will take place on 22 - Apr-09

17 ECI PRESS NOTE -02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of States and UTs having Single Phase

State Code States and Union Territories Schedule No. Date of Poll No. of Constituencies S02 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 1 16-Apr-09 2 S05 GOA 2B 23-Apr-09 2 S06 GUJARAT 3C 30-Apr-09 26 S07 HARYANA 4 07-May-09 10 S08 HIMACHAL PRADESH 5A 13-May-09 4 S11 KERALA 1 16-Apr-09 20 S15 MEGHALAYA 1 16-Apr-09 2 S16 MIZORAM 1 16-Apr-09 1 S17 NAGALAND 1 16-Apr-09 1 S20 RAJASTHAN 4 07-May-09 25 S21 SIKKIM 3C 30-Apr-09 1 S22 TAMIL NADU 5A 13-May-09 39 S23 TRIPURA 2B 23-Apr-09 2 S26 CHHATTISGARH 1 16-Apr-09 11 S28 UTTARAKHAND 5A 13-May-09 5 U01 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS 1 16-Apr-09 1 U02 CHANDIGARH 5A 13-May-09 1 U03 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI 3C 30-Apr-09 1 U04 DAMAN & DIU 3C 30-Apr-09 1 U05 NCT of DELHI 4 07-May-09 7 U06 LAKSHADWEEP 1 16-Apr-09 1 U07 PUDUCHERRY 5A 13-May-09 1 Total Constituencies : 164

18 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Two Phases

S01 ANDHRA PRADESH Schedule No. 1 S01 ANDHRA PRADESH Schedule No. 2B Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 23-Apr-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME 1 Adilabad 23 Kakinada 2 Peddapalle 24 Amalapuram 3 Karimnagar 25 Rajahmundry 4 Nizamabad 26 Narsapuram 5 Zahirabad 27 Eluru 6 Medak 28 Machilipatnam 7 Malkajgiri 29 Vijayawada 8 Secunderabad 30 guntur 9 Hyderabad 31 Narasaraopet 10 Chevella 32 Bapatla 11 Mahbubnagar 33 ongole 12 Nagarkurnool 34 Nandyal 13 Nalgonda 35 Kurnool 14 Bhongir 36 Anantapur 15 warangal 37 Hindupur 16 Mahabubabad 38 Kadapa 17 Khammam 39 Nellore 18 Araku 40 Tirupati 19 Srikakulam 41 Rajampet 20 Vizianagaram 42 Chittoor 21 Visakhapatnam 22 Anakapalle

19 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Two Phases

S03 ASSAM Schedule No. 1 S03 ASSAM Schedule No. 2B Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 23-Apr-09 CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME

1 Karimganj 4 dhubri 2 Silchar 5 Kokrajhar 3 Autonomous District 6 Barpeta 7 gauhati 8 Mangaldoi 9 Tezpur 10 Nowgong 11 Kaliabor 12 Jorhat 13 dibrugarh 14 lakhimpur

ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Two Phases

S10 KARNATAKA Schedule No. 2B S10 KARNATAKA Schedule No. 3A Poll Day 23-Apr-09 Poll Day 30-Apr-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME 1 Chikkodi 3 Bagalkot 2 Belgaum 10 Haveri 4 Bijapur 11 dharwad 5 gulbarga 13 davanagere 6 Raichur 14 Shimoga 7 Bidar 15 udupi Chikmagalur 8 Koppal 16 Hassan 9 Bellary 17 dakshina Kannada 12 uttara Kannada 20 Mandya 18 Chitradurga 21 Mysore 19 Tumkur 22 Chamarajanagar 23 Bangalore Rural 24 Bangalore North 25 Bangalore Central 26 Bangalore South 27 Chikkballapur 28 Kolar 20 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Two Phases S12 MADHYA PRADESH S12 MADHYA PRADESH Schedule No. 2B Schedule No. 3A Poll Day 23-Apr-09 Poll Day 30-Apr-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME 8 Khajuraho 1 Morena 9 Satna 2 Bhind 10 Rewa 3 11 Sidhi 4 guna 12 Shahdol 5 Sagar 13 Jabalpur 6 Tikamgarh 14 Mandla 7 damoh 15 Balaghat 20 Rajgarh 16 Chhindwara 21 dewas 17 Hoshangabad 22 ujjain 18 Vidisha 23 Mandsour 19 Bhopal 24 Ratlam 29 Betul 25 dhar 26 Indore 27 Khargone 28 Khandwa

ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Two Phases

S14 MANIPUR S14 MANIPUR Schedule No. 1 Schedule No. 2A Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 22-Apr-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME 2 Outer Manipur 1 Inner Manipur

21 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Two Phases

S18 ORISSA S18 ORISSA Schedule No. 1 Schedule No. 2B Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 23-Apr-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME 1 Bargarh 4 Keonjhar 2 Sundargarh 5 Mayurbhanj 3 Sambalpur 6 Balasore 10 Bolangir 7 Bhadrak 11 Kalahandi 8 Jajpur 12 9 dhenkanal 13 Kandhamal 14 Cuttack 19 Aska 15 Kendrapara 20 Berhampur 16 Jagatsinghpur 21 Koraput 17 18 Bhubaneswar

ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Two Phases

S19 PUNJAB S19 PUNJAB Schedule No. 4 Schedule No. 5A Poll Day 07-May-09 Poll Day 13-May-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME 10 Firozpur 1 gurdaspur 11 Bathinda 2 Amritsar 12 Sangrur 3 Khadoor Sahib 13 Patiala 4 Jalandhar 5 Hoshiarpur 6 Anandpur Sahib 7 ludhiana 8 Fatehgarh Sahib 9 Faridkot

22 CI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Two Phases

S27 JHARKHAND S27 JHARKHAND Schedule No. 1 Schedule No. 2B Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 23-Apr-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME 4 Chatra 1 Rajmahal 5 Kodarma 2 dumka 11 Khunti 3 godda 12 lohardaga 6 giridih 13 Palamau 7 dhanbad 14 Hazaribagh 8 Ranchi 9 Jamshedpur 10 Singhbhum

An old lady on wheel chair casting her vote at a polling booth in New Delhi on May 10, 2004.

23 EECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Three Phases

S13 MAHARASHTRA S13 MAHARASHTRA S13 MAHARASHTRA Schedule No. 1 Schedule No. 2B Schedule No. 3A Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 23-Apr-09 Poll Day 30-Apr-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME 5 Buldhana 1 Nandurbar 22 Palghar 6 Akola 2 dhule 23 Bhiwandi 7 Amravati 3 Jalgaon 24 Kalyan 8 wardha 4 Raver 25 Thane 9 Ramtek 18 Jalna 26 North 10 Nagpur 19 27 Mumbai North West 11 Bhandara - Gondiya 20 dindori 28 Mumbai North East 12 gadchiroli-Chimur 21 Nashik 29 Mumbai North Central 13 Chandrapur 32 Raigad 30 Mumbai South Central 14 yavatmal-Washim 33 Maval 31 Mumbai South 15 Hingoli 34 Pune 16 Nanded 35 Baramati 17 Parbhani 36 Shirur 37 Ahmednagar 38 Shirdi 39 Beed 40 osmanabad 41 latur 42 Solapur 43 Madha 44 Sangli 45 Satara 46 Ratnagiri - Sindhudurg 47 Kolhapur 48 Hatkanangle

24 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Three Phases

S25 WEST BENGAL S25 WEST BENGAL S25 WEST BENGAL Schedule No. 3A Schedule No. 4 Schedule No. 5A Poll Day 30-Apr-09 Poll Day 07-May-09 Poll Day 13-May-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME 1 Coochbehar 9 Jangipur 14 Bangaon 2 Alipurduars 10 Baharampur 15 Barrackpur 3 11 16 dum Dum 4 darjeeling 12 Krishnanagar 17 Barasat 5 Raiganj 13 Ranaghat 18 Basirhat 6 Balurghat 25 19 Jaynagar 7 Maldaha Uttar 26 uluberia 20 Mathurapur 8 Maldaha Dakshin 27 Sreerampur 21 diamond Harbour 32 ghatal 28 Hooghly 22 Jadavpur 33 Jhargram 29 Arambag 23 Dakshin 34 Medinipur 30 Tamluk 24 Kolkata Uttar 35 Purulia 31 Kanthi 36 Bankura 38 Purba 37 Bishnupur 39 Budhaman - Durgapur 40 Asansol 41 Bolpur 42 Birbhum

25 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Four Phases S04 BIHAR S04 BIHAR S04 BIHAR S04 BIHAR Schedule No. 1 Schedule No. 2B Schedule No. 3A Schedule No. 4 Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 23-Apr-09 Poll Day 30-Apr-09 Poll Day 07-May-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME 17 gopalganj 1 Valmiki Nagar 8 Supaul 29 Nalanda 18 Siwan 2 Paschim Champaran 9 Araria 30 Sahib 19 Maharajganj 3 Purvi Champaran 10 Kishanganj 31 Pataliputra 20 Saran 4 Sheohar 11 Katihar 32 Arrah 5 Sitamarhi 12 Purnia 33 Buxar 6 Madhubani 13 Madhepura 34 Sasaram 7 Jhanjharpur 24 Begusarai 35 Karakat 14 darbhanga 25 Khagaria 36 Jahanabad 15 26 Bhagalpur 37 Aurangabad 16 Vaishali 27 Banka 38 gaya 21 Hajipur 28 Munger 39 Nawada 22 ujiarpur 40 Jamui 23 Samastipur

ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Five Phases

S09 JAMMU & S09 JAMMU & S09 JAMMU & S09 JAMMU & S09 JAMMU & KASHMIR KASHMIR KASHMIR KASHMIR KASHMIR Schedule No. 1 Schedule No. 2B Schedule No. 3B Schedule No. 4 Schedule No. 5A Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 23-Apr-09 Poll Day 30-Apr-09 Poll Day 07-May-09 Poll Day 13-May-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME

6 Jammu 5 udhampur 3 Anantnag 2 Srinagar 1 Baramulla 4 ladakh

26 ECI PRESS NOTE - 02 Mar, 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 - Statement - C

List of Constituencies in States and UTs having Five Phases

S24 UTTAR S24 UTTAR S24 UTTAR S24 UTTAR S24 UTTAR PRADESH PRADESH PRADESH PRADESH PRADESH Schedule No. 1 Schedule No. 2B Schedule No. 3A Schedule No. 4 Schedule No. 5B Poll Day 16-Apr-09 Poll Day 23-Apr-09 Poll Day 30-Apr-09 Poll Day 07-May-09 Poll Day 13-May-09 CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCIES NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME NO. NAME 63 Maharajganj 37 Amethi 30 Sitapur 2 Kairana 1 Saharanpur 64 gorakhpur 38 Sultanpur 31 Hardoi 3 Muzaffarnagar 4 Bijnor 65 Kushi Nagar 39 Pratapgarh 32 Misrikh 10 Meerut 5 Nagina 66 deoria 48 Banda 33 unnao 11 Baghpat 6 Moradabad 67 Bansgaon 50 Kaushambi 34 Mohanlalganj 12 ghaziabad 7 Rampur 68 lalganj 51 Phulpur 35 13 Gautam Budhha Nagar 8 Sambhal 69 Azamgarh 52 Allahabad 36 Rae bareli 14 9 Amroha 70 ghosi 54 43 Kanpur 15 23 Badaun 71 Salempur 55 Ambedkar Nagar 44 Akbarpur 16 Hathras 24 Aonla 72 Ballia 57 Kaiserganj 45 Jalaun 17 Mathura 25 Bareilly 74 Machhlishahr 58 Shrawasti 46 Jhansi 18 Agra 26 Pilibhit 75 ghazipur 59 gonda 47 Hamirpur 19 Fatehpur Sikri 27 Shahjahanpur 76 Chandauli 60 domariyaganj 49 Fatehpur 20 Firozabad 28 Kheri 77 Varanasi 61 Basti 53 Barabanki 21 Mainpuri 29 dhaurahra 79 Mirzapur 62 Sant Kabir Nagar 56 Bahraich 22 Etah 80 Robertsganj 73 Jaunpur 40 Farrukhabad 78 Bhadohi 41 Etawah 42 Kannauj

27 32 3C Sikkim (Friday) (Friday) (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Thursday) (Thursday) (Thursday) (Thursday) 02-Apr-2009 02-Apr-2009 09-Apr-2009 10-Apr-2009 13-Apr-2009 02-Mar-2009 02-Mar-2009 16-May-2009 16-May-2009 23-May-2009 30-April-2009 ECI PRESS NOTE - 2-Mar, 2009 - 2-Mar, NOTE PRESS ECI 77 ednesday) ednesday) Phase-2 (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Thursday) (Thursday) (Thursday) 04-Apr-2009 04-Apr-2009 06-Apr-2009 08-Apr-2009 23-Apr-2009 02-Mar-2009 02-Mar-2009 28-Mar-2009 ( W 16-May-2009 16-May-2009 28-May-2009 General Elections - 2009 - Statement - D Elections - 2009 Statement General Orissa 70

Phase1 (Tuesday) (Tuesday) (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Thursday) (Thursday) (Thursday) (Thursday) 2-Apr-2009 2-Apr-2009 16-Apr-2009 16-Apr-2009 02-Mar-2009 02-Mar-2009 23-Mar-2009 30-Mar-2009 31-Mar-2009 16-May-2009 16-May-2009 28-May-2009 140 ednesday) ednesday) Phase-2 (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Thursday) (Thursday) (Thursday) 04-Apr-2009 04-Apr-2009 06-Apr-2009 08-Apr-2009 23-Apr-2009 02-Mar-2009 02-Mar-2009 28-Mar-2009 ( W 16-May-2009 16-May-2009 28-May-2009 SUMMARY OF SCHEDULES OF SCHEDULES SUMMARY GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2009 GENERAL ELECTIONS STATE ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS ELECTIONS ASSEMBLY STATE Andhra Pradesh Pradesh Andhra ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA COMMISSION ELECTION 154 Phase-1 (Tuesday) (Tuesday) (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Monday) (Saturday) (Saturday) (Thursday) (Thursday) (Thursday) (Thursday) 2-Apr-2009 2-Apr-2009 16-Apr-2009 16-Apr-2009 02-Mar-2009 02-Mar-2009 23-Mar-2009 30-Mar-2009 31-Mar-2009 16-May-2009 16-May-2009 28-May-2009 Poll Event Event Poll Announcement & Issue of Press Note Note & Issue of Press Announcement Issue of Notification filing Nominations for D ate L ast of Nominations Scrutiny of Candidature withdrawal for date Last of Poll Date on Votes of Counting which the election shall be before D ate Completed Polling on this Day Constituencies 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sl. No.

28 II GENERAL STATISTICAL INFORMATION

29 30 STATE/UT WISE SEATS IN THE LOK SABHA

For the purpose of constituting the Lok Sabha , the whole country has been divided into 543 Parliamentary Constituencies , each one of which elects one member. The members of theL ok Sabha are elected directly by the eligible voters . The can nominate a maximum of two members as representatives of the Anglo- Indian community . Some seats are reserved in Lok Sabha for the members of the Schedule Castes and Scheduled Tribes. As per the order issued by the Delimitation Commission in 2008, 412 seats are general, 84 seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and 47 seats for the Scheduled Tribes .Earlier it was 79 and 41 for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, respectively.

Table 1 shows State-wise break –up of seats and reserved seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes before and after the Delimitation in 2008.

TABLE 1 Name of the State/Union Seats in the House as constituted in Seats in the House as subsequently Territory 2004 on the basis of the Delimitation constituted as per the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 1976 Constituencies Order, 2008 Total Reserved Reserved Total Reserved Reserved for the for the for the for the Scheduled Scheduled Scheduled Scheduled Castes Tribes Castes Tribes STATES: 1. Andhra Pradesh 42 6 2 42 7 3 2. Arunachal Pradesh* 2 - - 2 - - 3. Assam* 14 1 2 14 1 2 4. Bihar 40 7 - 40 6 - 5. Chhattisgarh 11 2 4 11 1 4 6. Goa 2 - - 2 - - 7. Gujarat 26 2 4 26 2 4 8. Haryana 10 2 - 10 2 - 9. Himachal Pradesh 4 1 - 4 1 - 10. Jammu and Kashmir* 6 - - 6 - - 11. Jharkhand@ 14 1 5 14 1 5 12. Karnataka 28 4 - 28 5 2 13. Kerala 20 2 - 20 2 - 14. Madhya Pradesh 29 4 5 29 4 6 15. Maharashtra 48 3 4 48 5 4 16. Manipur* 2 - 1 2 - 1 17. Meghalaya 2 - - 2 - 2 18. Mizoram 1 - 1 1 - 1 19. Nagaland* 1 - - 1 - - 20. Orissa 21 3 5 21 3 5 21. Punjab 13 3 - 13 4 -

31 22. Rajasthan 25 4 3 25 4 3 23. Sikkim 1 - - 1 - - 24. Tamil Nadu 39 7 - 39 7 - 25. Tripura 2 - 1 2 - 1 26. Uttarakhand 5 - - 5 1 - 27. Uttar Pradesh 80 18 - 80 17 - 28. West Bengal 42 8 2 42 10 2 II. UNION TERRITORIES: 1. Andaman and 1 - - 1 - - Nicobar Islands 2. Chandigarh 1 - - 1 - - 3. Dadra and Nagar 1 - 1 1 - 1 Haveli 4. Delhi 7 1 - 7 1 - 5. Daman and Diu 1 - - 1 - - 6. Lakshadweep 1 - 1 1 - 1 7. Puducherry 1 - - 1 - - Total Seats 543 79 41 543 84 47 * - States excluded from Delimitation Exercise @ Order issued by the Delimitation Commission was nullified by the Sec 10 B of the Delimitation Amendment Act ,2008

ABOUT THE DELIMITATION COMMISSION The word “Delimitation” literally means the act or process of fixing limits or boundaries of territorial constituencies in a country or a province having a legislative body. The job of delimitation is assigned to a high power body . Such a body is known as Delimitation Commission or a Boundary Commission . In India, such Delimitation Commission have been constituted four times, in 1952 under the Delimitation Commission Act, 1952, in 1963 under the Delimitation Commission Act 1962, in 1973 under the Delimitation Commission Act, 1972 and in 2002 under the Delimitation Commission Act, 2002. The main purpose of the undertaking the delimitation exercise is to rationalize the structure and composition of the electoral constituencies, on the principle of O“ ne vote and one value”. The Delimitation Commission, set up under the Delimitation Act, 2002, was entrusted with the task of readjusting all Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies in the country in all the States of India, except the State of Jammu and Kashmir, on the basis of population ascertained in 2001 Census. On 14th January, 2008, the Government of India promulgated an amending the Delimitation Act,2002 nullifies the Final Order of the Delimitation Commission for the State of Jharkhand. Later on, the Government have passed four separate Orders under Section 10 A of the Delimitation Act, 2002, deferring the delimitation exercise in the four North Eastern States of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur and Nagaland .

32 PARLIAMENTARY CONSTITUENCIES RESERVED FOR SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES Sl. Name of the State/ Name of the Parliamentary Name of the Parliamentary No. Union Territory Constituencies Reserved for Constituencies Reserved for the the Scheduled Caste Scheduled Tribes 1. Andhra Pradesh Peddapalle Adilabad* (7 SCs & 3 STs) Nagarkurnool Mahabubabad* Warangal* Araku* Amalapuram Bapatla* Tirupati Chittoor* 2. Assam Karimganj Autonomous District (1SCs & 2 STs) Kokrajhar 3. Bihar Gopalganj* - (6 SCs & Nil STs) Hajipur Samastipur* Sasaram Gaya Jamui* 4. Chattisgarh Janjgir Champa* Surguja (1 SCs & 4 STs) Raigarh Bastar Kanker 5. Gujarat Kachchh* Dahod (2 SCs & 4 STs) West* Chhota Udaipur Bardoli* Valsad* 6. Haryana Ambala - (2 SCs & Nil STs) Sirsa

7. Himachal Pradesh Shimla - (1 SCs & Nil STs) 8. Jharkhand Palamu Rajmahal (1 SCs & 5 STs) Dumka Singhbhum Khunti Lohardaga 9. Karnataka Bijapur* (5 SCs & 2l STs) Gulbarga* Raichur* Kolar Bellary* Chitradurga* Chamarajanagar

10. Kerala Alathur - (2 SCs & Nil STs) Mavelikkara

33 Sl. Name of the State/ Name of the Parliamentary Name of the Parliamentary No. Union Territory Constituencies Reserved for Constituencies Reserved for the the Scheduled Caste Scheduled Tribes 11 Madhya Pradesh Bhind* Shahdol (4 SCs & 6 STs) Tikamgarh* Mandla Dewas* Ratlam* Ujjain Dhar Khargone* Betul* 12 Maharashtra Amaravati* Nandurbar (5 SCs & 4 STs) Ramtek* Gadchiroli-Chimur* Shirdi* Dindori* Latur* Palghar* Solapur 13 Manipur - Outer Manipur (Nil SCs & 1 STs) 14 Meghalaya Shillong* (Nil SCs & 2 STs) Tura* 15 Mizoram - Mizoram (Nil SCs & 1 STs) 16 Orissa Bhadrak Sundargarh (3 SCs & 5 STs) Jajpur Keonjhar Jagatsinghpur* Mayurbhanj Nabarangpur Koraput 17 Punjab Jalandhar* - (4 SCs & Nil STs) Hoshiarpur* Fatehgarh Sahib* Faridkot* 18 Rajasthan Ganganagar Dausa* (4 SCs & 3 STs) Bikaner* Udaipur* Bharatpur* Banswara Karauli – Dholpur* 19 Tamil Nadu Tiruvallar* - (7 SCs & Nil STs) Kancheepuram* Viluppuram* Nilgiris* Chidambaram Nagapattinam Tenkasi 20 Tripura - Tripura East (Nil SCs & 1 STs) 21. Uttarakhand * - (1 SCs & Nil STs)

34 Sl. Name of the State/ Name of the Parliamentary Name of the Parliamentary No. Union Territory Constituencies Reserved for Constituencies Reserved for the the Scheduled Caste Scheduled Tribes 22 Uttar Pradesh Nagina* - (17 SCs & Nil STs) Bulandshahr * Hathras Agra* Shahjahanpur* Hardoi Misrikh Mohanlalganj Etawah* Jalaun Kaushambi* Barabanki Bahraich* Bansgaon Lalganj Machhlishahr* Robertsganj 23. West Bengal Coochbehar Alipurduars (10 SCs & 2 STs) Jalpaiguri* Jhargram Ranaghat* Bangaon* Jaynagar* Mathurapur Arambag* Bishnupur* Bardhaman Purba* Bolpur* 24. - Dadra and Nagar Haveli (Nil SCs & 1 STs)

25. Lakshadweep - Lakshadweep (Nil SCs & 1 STs) 26. Delhi North West Delhi* - (1 SCs & Nil STs)

* - refers to new reserved constituencies as per order issued by Delimitation Commission in 2008.

35 POLITICAL PARTIES THAT TOOK PART IN THE 2004 ELECTIONS

Sl. No. Abbreviation Party NATIONAL PARTIES 1 BJP Bharatiya 2 BSP 3 CPI 4 CPM Communist Party of India (Marxist) 5 INC Indian National 6 NCP Nationalist Congress Party STATE PARTIES 7 AC 8 ADMK All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 9 AGP 10 AIFB 11 AITC All India Trinamool Congress 12 BJD Biju 13 CPI(ML)(L) Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Liberation) 14 DMK Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 15 FPM Federal Party of Manipur 16 INLD 17 JD(S) Janata Dal (Secular) 18 JD(U) Janata Dal (United) 19 JKN Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 20 JKNPP Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party 21 JKPDP Jammu & Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party 22 JMM 23 KEC 24 KEC(M) Kerala Congress (M) 25 MAG Maharashtrawadi Gomantak 26 MDMK Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 27 MNF Mizo 28 MPP Manipur People’s Party 29 MUL Muslim League Kerala State Committee 30 NPF Nagaland Peoples Front 31 PMK 32 RJD 33 RLD 34 RSP Revolutionary Socialist Party 35 SAD 36 SAD(M) Shiromani Akali Dal (Simranjit Singh Mann) 37 SDF 38 SHS Shivsena 39 SP 40 TDP Telugu Desam

36 Sl. No. Abbreviation Party 41 UGDP United Goans Democratic Party 42 UKKD REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 43 AB Akhand Bharti 44 ABCD(A) Akhil Bharatiya Congress Dal (Ambedkar) 45 ABDBM Akhil Bharatiya Desh Bhakt Morcha 46 ABHM Akhil Bharat 47 ABHS Akhil Bharatiya Sena 48 ABJS Akhil Bharatiya Jan Sangh 49 ABLTASJM Akhil Bharatiya Lok Tantrik Alp-Sankhyak 50 ABLTP Akhil Bharatiya Loktantra Party 51 ABRAHP Akhil Bharatiya Rashtriya Azad Hind Party 52 ABRS Akhil Bharatiya Rajarya Sabha 53 AD 54 AIMF All India Minorities Front 55 AIMIM All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen 56 AJSU All Jharkhand Students Union 57 AKMDMP All Kerala M.G.R. Dravida Munnetra Party 58 AMB Amra Bangalee 59 ANC Ambedkar National Congress 60 AP Awami Party 61 ARP Ambedkarist Republican Party 62 ASDC Autonomous State Demand Committee 63 ASP Ambedkar Samaj Party 64 BBM Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangha 65 BBP Bharatiya Backward Party 66 BED Bharatiya Ekta Dal 67 BEP Bharatiya Eklavya Party 68 BGTD Bharatiya Gaon Taj Dal 69 BJVP Bharatiya Janvadi Party 70 BKD Bahujan Kisan Dal 71 BKLJP Bharat Ki Lok Jimmedar Party 72 BKRP Bharat Kranti Rakshak Party 73 BLKD Bharatiya Lok Kalyan Dal 74 BLP Bharatiya Labour Party 75 BMP(AI) Bharatiya Muhabbat Party (All India) 76 BMSM Bharatiya Minorities Suraksha Mahasangh 77 BMVP Bharatiya Manavata Vikas Party 78 BNP Bharatiya Navshakti party 79 BNRP Bharatiya Nagrik Party 80 BPSGKD Bharatiya Prajatantrik Shudh Gandhiwadi Krishak Dal 81 BPSP Bihar People’s Party 82 BPTP Bharatiya Prajatantra Party 83 BRP Bharatiya Rashtravadi Paksha 84 BRPP Bharatiya Republican Paksha

37 Sl. No. Abbreviation Party 85 BSDP Bharti Sarvadarshi Parishad 86 BSJM Bharatiya Surajya Manch 87 BSK Bharatiya Sarvkalayan Kranti Dal 88 BVP Bahujan Vikas Party 89 CSP Chhattisgarhi Samaj Party 90 DBP Desh Bhakt Party 91 DBSP Democratic Bharatiya Samaj Party 92 EKD(UP) Ekta Kranti Dal U.P. 93 ES Ekta Shakti 94 EU Ephraim Union 95 FCI Federal Congress of India 96 GGP Gondvana Gantantra Party 97 HEAP Hindu Ekta Andolan Party 98 HJP Hindustan Janta Party 99 HM Hind Morcha 100 HVP 101 IBSP Indian Bahujan Samajwadi Party 102 IFDP Indian Federal Democratic Party 103 IJP Indian 104 INL Indian National League 105 JCP Jan Chetna Party 106 JDP Jharkhand Disom Party 107 JHP Jai Hind Party 108 JHSP Janhit Samaj Party 109 JJ Jebamani Janata 110 JKAL Jammu And Kashmir Awami League 111 JKP 112 JKP(N) Jharkhand Party (Naren) 113 JKPP Jharkhand People’s Party 114 JMP Janmangal Paksh 115 JP Janata Party 116 JSP Jansatta Party 117 JUM Jana Unnayan Mancha 118 JVP Janata Vikas Party 119 KKJHS Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena 120 KMM Krantikari Manuwadi Morcha 121 KNDP Kannada Nadu Party 122 KSVP Krantikari Samyavadi Party 123 KVSP Kosi Vikas Party 124 LBP Lok Bhalai Party 125 LCP Loktantrik Chetna Party 126 LJNSP Lok Jan Shakti Party 127 LP(S) Labour Party (Secular) 128 LPI(V) Labour Party Of India(V.V. Prasad) 129 LPSP Lokpriya Samaj Party

38 Sl. No. Abbreviation Party 130 LRP Lok Rajya Party 131 LSD Lok Sewa Dal 132 LSWP Loktantrik Samajwadi Party 133 MB(S)P Mool Bharati (S) Party 134 MBT Majlis Bachao Tahreek 135 MC Momin Conference 136 MCO Marxist Co-Ordination 137 MCPI(S) Marxist Communist Party of India (S.S. Srivastava) 138 MJM Manav Jagriti Manch 139 MNVP Manuvadi Party 140 MRRC Maharashtra Rajiv Congress 141 MRS Mudiraj Rashtriya Samithi 142 NBNP Navbharat Nirman Party 143 NLP National Loktantrik Party 144 NMNP Nidaya Malik (N) Party 145 NSP National Students Party 146 NSSP Niswarth Sewa Party 147 NSTP Naari Shakti Party 148 NTRTDP(LP) NTR (Lakshmi Parvathi) 149 PBLP Phule Bharti Lok Party 150 PBRML Paschim Banga Rajya Muslim League 151 PDP Peoples Democratic Party 152 PDS Party for Democratic Socialism 153 PHSP Pichhra Samaj Party 154 PMP Parmarth Party 155 PMSP Pragatisheel Manav Samaj Party 156 PP Praja Party 157 PPOI Pyramid Party of India 158 PRBP Peoples Republican Party 159 PRCP Prabuddha Republican Party 160 PRP Panchayat Raj Party 161 PSJP Parivartan Samaj Party 162 PTSS Proutist Sarva Samaj Party 163 PWPI Peasants And Workers Party of India 164 RCP Rashtravadi Communist Party 165 RCPI(R) Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Rasik Bhatt) 166 RGD Rashtriya Garib Dal 167 RHD Rashtriya Hamara Dal 168 RJAP Rashtriya Janadhikar Party 169 RJVP Rajasthan Vikas Party 170 RKSP Rashtriya Krantikari Samajwadi Party 171 RLSM Rashtriya Lok Seva Morcha 172 RPD Rashtriya Parivartan Dal 173 RPI Republican Party of India 174 RPI(A) Republican Party of India(A)

39 Sl. No. Abbreviation Party 175 RPI(D) Republican Party Of India (Democratic ) 176 RPI(KH) Republican Party Of India(Khobragade) 177 RSBP Rashtriya Swabhimaan Party 178 RSD Rashtriya Sawarn Dal 179 RSGP Rashtriya Garima Party 180 RSKP Rashtriya Sakar Party 181 RSMD Rashtriya Samanta Dal 182 RSNP Rashtriya Samajik Nayak Paksha 183 RSPS 184 RVNP Rashtravadi Janata Party 185 RVP Rashtriya Vikas Party 186 SAP Samata Party 187 SBS Shikshit Berozgar Sena 188 SBSP Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party 189 SDP Socialistic Democratic Party 190 SHRP Sikkim Himali Rajya Parishad 191 SHSP Shoshit Samaj Party 192 SJP(R) Samajwadi Janata Party(Rashtriya) 193 SLAP Social Action Party 194 SLP(L) Socialist Party(Lohia) 195 SMSP Samata Samaj Party 196 SPI Secular Party of India 197 SPVD Sampurna Vikas Dal 198 SSD Shoshit Samaj Dal 199 SSJP Sanatan Samaj Party 200 SSP Sikkim Sangram Parishad 201 SVRP Shivrajya Party 202 SVSP Savarn Samaj Party 203 SWD Swaraj Dal 204 SWJP Samajwadi Jan Parishad 205 TDK Tamil Desiyak Katchi 206 TNGP Trinamool Gana Parishad 207 TRS Rashtra Samithi 208 UMFA United Minorities Front, Assam 209 USYP Urs Samyuktha Paksha 210 VJC Vidharbha Janata Congress 211 VJP Vijeta Party 212 VP Vikas Party 213 VRP Vidharbha Rajya Party 214 YGP Yuva Gantantra Party 215 YSP Youth and Students Party Independent 216 IND Independent

40 PARTY POSITION IN 14th LOK SABHA Name of Party Contestants Strength at Party Position the time of (as on 12.2.2009) constitution 417 145 150 Bhartiya Janata Party 364 138 113 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 69 43 42 Bahujan Samaj Party 435 19 16 Communist Party of India 34 10 10 Nationalist Congress Party 32 9 11 Samajwadi Party 237 36 34 Rashtriya Janata Dal 42 24 24 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 16 16 16 56 12 12 Biju Janata Dal 12 11 10 Janata Dal (United) 73 8 1 Shiromani Akali Dal 10 8 8 Pattali Makkal Katchi 6 6 6 Telugu Desam Party 33 5 4 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 9 5 5 Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 4 4 4 Janata Dal (Secular) 43 3 3 Rashtriya Lok Dal 32 3 3 Revolutionary Socialist Party 6 3 3 All India Forward Bloc 10 3 3 All India Trinamool Congress 33 2 1 Asom Gana Parishad 12 2 2 Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 6 2 1 Muslim League 10 1 1 Jammu and Kashmir People’s Democratic Party 3 1 ---- Nagaland Peoples Front 3 1 1 Kerala Congress 1 1 2 1 1 1 Sikkim Democratic Front 1 1 1 Telangana Rastra Samithi 22 5 3 Lok Jan Shakti Party 40 4 4 National Loktantrik Party 18 1 1 Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) 10 1 ---- Republican Party of India (A) 7 1 1 Bharatiya Navshakti Party 4 1 1 All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimen 2 1 1 Indian Federal Democratic Party 1 1 ----- Independents 2385 5 6 Total ----- 543 505* * 39 vacant seats - Source Lok Sabha Sectt.

41 WINNERS & RUNNERS UP IN 2004 ELECTIONS

Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) Andhra Pradesh 1-Srikakulam 723.77 75.52 YERRANNAIDU TDP 50.01 KILLI KRUPARANI INC 45.60 KINJARAPU

2-Parvathipuram 660.92 73.74 KISHORE CHANDRA INC 48.69 DADICHILUKA VEERA TDP 47.57 SURYANARAYANA GOURI SANKARA RAO DEO VYRICHERLA

3-Bobbili 746.73 76.54 KONDAPALLI TDP 50.07 JHANSI BOTCHA INC 45.88 PYDITHALLI NAIDU

4-Visakhapatnam 965.74 63.75 JANARDHANA REDDY INC 54.27 DR.M.V.V.S.MURTHY TDP 40.75 NEDURUMALLI

5-Bhadrachalam 823.42 69.01 MIDIYAM BABU RAO CPM 45.32 SMT.KPRK TDP 38.78 PHANEESWARAMMA

6-Anakapalli 782.11 76.44 CHALAPATHIRAO TDP 49.28 NANDA GOPAL INC 47.31 PAPPALA GANDHAM

7-Kakinada 832.28 71.45 MALLIPUDI INC 49.38 MUDRAGADA TDP 42.50 MANGAPATI PALLAM PADMANABHAM RAJU

8-Rajahmundry 816.13 75.99 ARUNA KUMAR INC 50.72 KANTIPUDI BJP 32.48 VUNDAVALLI SARVARAYUDU

9-Amalapuram 704.22 77.88 G.V. HARSHA KUMAR INC 49.75 DUNNA JANARDHANA TDP 43.86 RAO

10-Narasapur 768.54 77.19 CHEGONDI VENKATA INC 52.41 UPPALAPATI BJP 44.03 HARIRAMA JOGAIAH VENKATAKRISHNAM RAJU

11-Eluru 896.95 77.88 KAVURU SAMBA SIVA INC 55.65 TDP 41.91 RAO

12-Machilipatnam 755.31 76.08 BADIGA INC 51.25 AMBATI BRAHMANAIAH TDP 44.59 RAMAKRISHNA

13-Vijayawada 945.55 64.59 RAJAGOPAL INC 54.95 ASWINI DUTT TDP 42.84 LAGADAPATI CHALASANI

14-Tenali 673.46 76.55 BALASHOWRY INC 54.47 UMMAREDDY TDP 42.81 VALLABHANENI VENKATESWARLU

15-Guntur 821.48 70.06 RAYAPATI SAMBASIVA INC 56.75 Y. V. RAO TDP 40.95 RAO

16-Bapatla 735.46 77.5 DAGGUBATI INC 55.9 DAGGUBATI RAMANAIDU TDP 43.1 PURANDARESWARI

17-Narasaraopet 899.78 71.70 MEKAPATI INC 53.49 MADDI LAKSHMAIAH TDP 43.91 RAJAMOHAN REDDY

18-Ongole 799.11 75.14 SREENIVASULU INC 55.89 BATHULA VIJAYA TDP 42.62 REDDY MAGUNTA BHARATHI

42 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 19-Nellore 836.5 72.56 INC 53.81 BALAKONDAIAH BJP 38.48 KARUPOTALA

20-Tirupathi 850.79 69.99 CHINTA MOHAN INC 60.06 DR. N. VENKATA SWAMY BJP 36.63

21-Chittoor 875.99 74. 90 D.K. AUDIKESAVULU TDP 51.84 DR. RAVURI VENKATA INC 44.75 SWAMY 22-Rajampet 691.33 69.76 ANNAYYAGARI SAI INC 53.49 GUNIPATI RAMAIAH TDP 42.2 PRATHAP 23-Cuddapah 819.2 71.69 Y.S. VIVEKANANDA INC 56.33 VENKATA MYSURA TDP 40.25 REDDY REDDY MULE 24-Hindupur 868.06 73.63 NIZAMODDIN INC 48.35 B.K.PARDHASARATHI TDP 48.14

25-Anantapur 875.14 68.42 ANANTHA VENKATA INC 52.44 KALAVA SRINIVASULU TDP 44.05 RAMI REDDY 26-Kurnool 818.81 62.48 KOTLA JAYASURYA INC 52.95 KAMBALAPADU EDIGA TDP 40.60 PRAKASHA REDDY KRISHNAMURTHI

27-Nandyal 829.98 70.25 S. P. Y. REDDY INC 55.25 BHUMA SHOBHA NAGI TDP 41.79 REDDY

28-Nagarkurnool 883.35 68.16 DR.MANDA TDP 45.85 K.S.RATNAM IND 34.57 JAGANNATH

29-Mahabubnagar 866.55 63.46 D. VITTAL RAO INC 49.48 YELKOTI YELLA REDDY TDP 43.95

30-Hyderabad 986.74 55.73 AIMIM 38.39 G.SUBASH CHANDERJI BJP 28.25

31-Secunderabad 973.29 52.59 M. ANJAN KUMAR INC 49.9 BANDARU DATTATRAYA BJP 42.84 YADAV

32-Siddipet 1119.81 64.84 SARVEY INC 53.03 DR.K.LINGAIAH TDP 40.62 SATHYANARAYANA

33-Medak 901.01 71.60 A. NARENDRA TRS 50.36 P RAMACHANDRA REDDY BJP 36.62

34-Nizamabad 782.44 69.37 MADHU GOUD INC 56.51 SYED YOUSUF ALI TDP 38.89 YASKHI

35-Adilabad 831.34 72.91 MADHUSUDHAN TRS 49.97 DR S VENUGOPALA TDP 45.04 REDDY TAKKALA CHARY

36-Peddapalli 939.45 67.78 G. VENKAT SWAMY INC 60.91 DR.MT. C. SUGUNA TDP 32.9

37-Karimnagar 874.5 65.12 K. CHANDRA TRS 51.60 CHENNAMANENI BJP 36.60 SHAKHER RAO VIDYASAGAR RAO

38-Hanamkonda 831.93 68.92 B.VINOD KUMAR TRS 59.63 CHADA SURESH REDDY TDP 33.53

39-Warangal 921.87 75.90 DHARAVATH TRS 46.38 BODAKUNTI TDP 44.29 RAVINDER NAIK VENKATESHWARLU

40-Khammam 1023.18 78.82 RENUKA INC 50.63 NAMA NAGESWARA RAO TDP 39.99 CHOWDHURY

41-Nalgonda 1047.87 65.30 SURAVARAM CPI 45.76 NALLU INDRASENA BJP 40.40 SUDHAKAR REDDY REDDY

42-Miryalguda 962.6 74.75 SUDINI INC 59.44 VANGALA SWAMY GOUD TDP 36.91

43 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) Arunachal Pradesh 43-Arunachal West 221.55 56.19 KHIREN RIJIJU BJP 55.95 KAMEN RINGU AC 34.54

44-Arunachal East 163.37 56.56 TAPIR GAO BJP 51.01 WANGCHA RAJKUMAR INC 23.47

Assam 45-Karimganj 671.49 68.61 LALIT MOHAN INC 47.81 PARIMAL SUKLA BAIDYA BJP 34.12 SUKLABAIDYA

46-Silchar 608.23 69.18 SONTOSH MOHAN INC 40.48 KABINDRA PURKYASTHA BJP 36.98

47-Autonomous 401.38 69.42 BIREN SINGH ENGTI INC 31.38 ELWIN TERON ASDC 25.36 District 48-Dhubri 863.59 75.10 ANWAR HUSSAIN INC 43.61 AFZALUR RAHMAN AGP 30.10

49-Kokrajhar 966.99 79.49 SANSUMA IND 71.32 SABDA RAM RABHA IND 21.25 KHUNGGUR BWISWMUTHIARY

50-Barpeta 762.68 70.90 A. F. GOLAM OSMANI INC 35.00 KUMAR DEEPAK DAS AGP 26.07

51-Gauhati 881.78 61.18 KIRIP CHALIHA INC 40.06 BHUPEN HAZARIKA BJP 33.13

52-Mangaldoi 848.94 70.18 NARAYAN CHANDRA BJP 40.74 MADHAB RAJBANGSHI INC 37.22 BORKATAKY

53-Tezpur 719.77 71.61 MONI KUMAR SUBBA INC 40.27 PADMA HAZARIKA AGP 30.48

54-Nowgong 786.07 68.40 RAJEN GOHAIN BJP 43.6 BISNU PRASAD INC 39.6

55-Kaliabor 763.08 66.21 DIP GOGOI INC 39.56 KESHAB MAHANTA AGP 30.76

56-Jorhat 666.84 62.00 BIJOY KRISHNA INC 33.54 DRUPAD BORGOHAIN CPI 25.84 HANDIQUE

57-Dibrugarh 631.24 65.12 SARBANANDA AGP 35.00 KAMAKHAYA TASA BJP 32.06 SONOWAL

58-Lakhimpur 800.02 71.05 DR. ARUN KUMAR AGP 37.61 INC 34.09 SARMAH

Bihar 59-Bagaha 570.82 49.2 KAILASH BAITHA JD(U) 41.69 HIRALAL RAM LJNSP 30.24

60-Bettiah 569.91 44.6 RAGHUNATH JHA RJD 37.13 MADAN PRASAD BJP 32.8 JAISWAL

61-Motihari 679.09 55.58 AKHILES PRASAD RJD 51.33 RADHA BJP 37.05 SINGH

62-Gopalganj 694.49 56.41 ANIRUDH PRASAD RJD 48.38 PRABHU DAYAL SINGH JD(U) 20.6 ALIAS SADHU YADAV

63-Siwan 637.55 60.46 MOHAMMAD RJD 49.8 JD(U) 33.56 SHAHABUDDIN 64-Maharajganj 664.43 59.61 JD(U) 42.67 JITENDRA SWAMI RJD 35.68

65-Chapra 446.10 38.30 LALU PRASAD RJD 51.31 RAJEEV PRATAP RUDY BJP 37.76

44 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 66-Hajipur 773.6 64.00 LJNSP 61.72 JD(U) 30.98

67-Vaishali 748.76 62.53 RAGHUBANSH RJD 48.28 VIJAY KUMAR SHUKLA IND 34.13 PRASAD SINGH

68-Muzaffarpur 784.1 63.37 JD(U) 47.2 BHAGWAN LAL SAHANI RJD 45.97

69-Sitamarhi 690.85 54.61 SITARAM YADAV RJD 47.21 NAVAL KISHORE RAI JD(U) 33.03

70-Sheohar 666.4 54.87 SITARAM SINGH RJD 45.5 MOHAMMAD ANWARUL BJP 34.42 HAQ

71-Madhubani 695.15 55.27 DR. INC 47.21 HUKUM DEO NARAYAN BJP 34.68 YADAV

72-Jhanjharpur 704.24 60.51 DEVENDRA PRASAD RJD 45.92 JAGANNATH MISHRA JD(U) 44.1 YADAV

73-Darbhanga 762.66 63.55 MD. ALI ASHRAF RJD 56.08 KIRTI AZAD BJP 37.27 FATMI

74-Rosera 713.8 57.30 RAM CHANDRA LJNSP 55.23 DASHAI CHAUDHARY JD(U) 35.84 PASWAN

75-Samastipur 864.74 60.31 ALOK KUMAR MEHTA RJD 50.59 RAM CHANDRA SINGH JD(U) 35.93

76-Barh 864.1 69.53 VIJAY KRISHNA RJD 49.4 JD(U) 45.04

77-Balia 632.34 53.52 SURAJ SINGH LJNSP 36.98 SHATRUGHNA PRASAD CPI 24.93 SINGH

78-Saharsa 738.28 57.33 LJNSP 47.47 DINESH CHANDRA YADAV JD(U) 43.3

79-Madhepura 695.67 58.58 LALU PRASAD RJD 49.49 JD(U) 39.43

80-Araria 652.44 55.06 SUKDEO PASWAN BJP 33.21 RAMJI DAS RISHIDEO SP 28.96

81-Kishanganj 813.32 63.62 TASLIMUDDIN RJD 51.68 SYED SHAHNAWAZ BJP 31.95 HUSSAIN

82-Purnea 709.02 60.11 BJP 34.47 RAJESH RANJAN ALIAS LJNSP 32.66

83-Katihar 704.45 60.83 BJP 41.01 SHAH NCP 40.65 CHOUDHARY

84-Banka 713.89 58.82 RJD 47.61 DIGVIJAY SINGH JD(U) 46.96

85-Bhagalpur 757.29 54.56 BJP 45.58 SUBODH RAY CPM 30.01

86-Khagaria 676.02 56.47 RABINDRA KU. RANA RJD 47.7 RENU KUMARI JD(U) 37.77

87-Monghyr 838.2 63.98 JAY PRAKASH RJD 54.08 DR. MONAZIR HASSAN JD(U) 40.25 NARAYAN YADAV

88-Begusarai 678.67 52.98 RAJIV RANJAN SINGH JD(U) 44.43 KRISHNA SAHI INC 41.42

89-Nalanda 895.12 68.23 NITISH KUMAR JD(U) 52.65 DR. KUMAR PUSHPANJAY LJNSP 41.21

90-Patna 901.62 51.78 RJD 48.12 C. P. THAKUR BJP 43.84

45 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 91-Arrah 787.4 57.90 RJD 38.03 RAM NARESH RAM CPI 19.01 (ML) (L) 92-Buxar 649.16 53.12 LALMUNI CHAUBEY BJP 31.73 DADAN SINGH IND 23.28

93-Sasaram 697.27 53.98 MIRA KUMAR INC 59.76 BJP 22.72

94-Bikramganj 733.99 56.51 AJIT KUMAR SINGH JD(U) 41.61 RAM PRASAD SINGH RJD 33.6

95-Aurangabad 767.24 54.73 NIKHIL KUMAR INC 37.8 SUSHIL KUMAR SINGH JD(U) 36.83

96-Jahanabad 863.84 69.29 GANESH PRASAD RJD 46.31 ARUN KUMAR JD(U) 40.94 SINGH

97-Nawada 1010.04 67.09 VIRCHANDRA RJD 48.51 SANJAY PASWAN BJP 42.97 PASWAN

98-Gaya 883.4 61.51 RAJESH KUMAR RJD 52.62 BALBIR CHAND BJP 40.97 MANJHI

Goa 99-Panaji 254.82 59.86 SHRIPAD YESSO NAIK BJP 56.84 D’SOUZA WILFRED NCP 34.78

100-Mormugao 297.68 57.86 ALEMAO CHURCHIL INC 55.24 ANGLE RAMAKANT BJP 38.27 BRAZ SOIRU

Gujarat 101-Kutch 459.04 45.60 GADHAVI BJP 48.16 SHAILENDRASINH JADEJA INC 41.84 PUSHPADAN SHAMBHUDAN 102-Surendranagar 455.55 41.05 KOLI PATEL BJP 48.26 SAVSHIBHAI KANJIBHAI INC 40.81 SOMABHAI MAKWANA GANDABHAI 103-Jamnagar 433.44 40.43 AHIR VIKRAMBHAI INC 47.17 KORADIA BJP 45.88 ARJANBHAI MADAM CHANDRESHBHAI VALJIBHAI (CHANDRESH PATEL) 104-Rajkot 538.63 32.64 DR. KATHIRIA BJP 59.52 BALVANTBHAI NCP 32.79 VALLABHBHAI BACHUBHAI MANVAR RAMJIBHAI

105-Porbandar 490.48 49.29 PATEL HARILAL BJP 46.71 RADADIYA VITHALBHAI INC 45.55 MADHAVJIBHAI HANSRAJBHAI (HARIBHAI PATEL)

106-Junagadh 658.71 53.18 BARAD JASUBHAI INC 50.05 CHIKHALIYA BHAVNABEN BJP 43.84 DHANABHAI DEVARAJBHAI

107-Amreli 475.65 46.38 VIRJIBHAI THUMMAR INC 46.39 DILEEP SANGHANI BJP 45.96

108-Bhavnagar 444.83 35.98 RANA BJP 55.6 GIGABHAI BHAVUBHAI INC 37.52 RAJENDRASINH GOHIL (GIGABHAI GOHIL) GHANASHYAMSINH (RAJUBHAI RANA)

109-Dhandhuka 516.55 44.68 VARMA RATILAL BJP 48.27 YOGENDRAKUMAR INC 43.85 KALIDAS MAVJIBHAI MAKWANA

46 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 110-Ahmedabad 548.56 39.67 BJP 55.03 GUPTA RAJKUMAR INC 40.88 GIGRAJ 111-Gandhinagar 845.58 39.76 L. K. ADVANI BJP 61.04 GABHAJI MANGAJI INC 35.36 THAKOR 112-Mehsana 695.41 56.26 JIVABHAI AMBALAL INC 48.84 NITINBHAI RATILAL PATEL BJP 46.75 PATEL

113-Patan 538.16 47.5 KANODIA BJP 50.91 RASTRAPAL PRAVIN INC 46.52 MAHESHKUMAR SOMABHAI MITHABHAI 114-Banaskantha 642.36 48.99 CHAVDA HARISINHAJI INC 46.88 CHAUDHARY HARIBHAI BJP 45.8 PRATAPSINHAJI PARATHIBHAI

115-Sabarkantha 654.47 51.44 MADHUSUDAN INC 48.36 BARA RAMILABEN BJP 42.26 MISTRY BAHECHARBHAI

116-Kapadvanj 595.31 47.05 VAGHELA INC 53.81 VAGHELA LILADHARBHAI BJP 40.47 SHANKERSINH KHODAJI LAXMANSINH

117-Dohad 517.85 42.71 KATARA BABUBHAI BJP 44.06 TAVIYAD DR. INC 43.99 KHIMABHAI PRABHABAHEN KISHORSINH

118-Godhra 537.38 47.02 SOLANKI BJP 55.00 PATEL RAJENDRASINH INC 45.00 BHUPENDRASINH BALVANTSINH PRABHATSINH 119-Kaira 450.93 39.34 INC 54.12 GAEKWAD BJP 41.53 SHUBHANGINIRAJE RANJITSINH 120-Anand 591.24 51.66 SOLANKI INC 52.05 JAYPRAKASH BJP 41.72 BHARATSINH VAGHAJIBHAI PATEL MADHAVSINH (BABALBHAI) 121-Chhota Udaipur 556.52 52.23 INC 44.36 RAMSINH RATHWA BJP 37.85

122-Baroda 652.41 39.38 JAYABEN THAKKAR BJP 48.45 GAEKWAD SATYAJITSINH INC 47.44 DULEEPSINH

123-Broach 680.8 54.92 VASAVA BJP 44.01 PATEL MUHAMMAD INC 33.41 MANSUKHBHAI FANSIWALA DHANJIBHAI

124- 896.28 37.70 BJP 56.69 CHANDRAVADAN INC 39.89 CHHOTUBHAI PITHAWALA

125-Mandvi 644.81 56.11 CHAUDHARY INC 59.95 MANSINH PATEL BJP 33.07 TUSHARBHAI AMARSINHBHAI

126-Bulsar 689.98 52.28 KISHANBHAI INC 46.63 CHAUDHARI MANIBHAI BJP 40.19 VESTABHAI PATEL RAMJIBHAI

Haryana

127-Ambala 847.73 70.68 SELJA INC 48.99 RATTAN LAL KATARIA BJP 21.27

128- 850.86 73.23 INC 42.55 ABHAY SINGH CHAUTALA INLD 23.72

129- 818.93 66.04 ARVIND KUMAR INC 38.95 I. D. SWAMI BJP 18.83 SHARMA

47 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 130-Sonepat 737.12 64.75 KISHAN SINGH BJP 31.67 DHARAM PAL SINGH INC 30.65 SANGWAN MALIK

131- 662.05 62.96 BHUPINDER SINGH INC 48.97 ABHIMANYU BJP 26.25

132-Faridabad 844.72 54.62 AVTAR SINGH INC 42.3 MOHD. ILYAS INLD 24.31 BHADANA

133-Mahendragarh 849.31 59.43 INDERJIT SINGH INC 42.24 DR. SUDHA YADAV BJP 17.47

134-Bhiwani 871.14 73.09 INC 33.40 HVP 30.60

135-Hissar 769.85 67.74 INC 52.89 SURENDER SINGH INLD 29.15 BARWALA

136-Sirsa 841.68 68.99 ATMA SINGH GILL INC 41.51 DR. SUSHIL INDORA INLD 33.02

Himachal Pradesh

137-Simla 528.66 51.88 DHANI RAM SHANDIL INC 58.86 HIRA NAND KASHYAP BJP 38.4

138-Mandi 669.55 62.91 PRATIBHA SINGH INC 53.41 MAHESHWAR SINGH BJP 43.47

139-Kangra 643.18 62.32 CHANDER KUMAR INC 48.91 BJP 46.14

140-Hamirpur 654.1 61.46 SURESH CHANDEL BJP 47.89 THAKUR RAM LAL INC 47.64

Jammu & Kashmir

141-Baramulla 334.77 35.65 ABDUL RASHID JKN 38.13 NIZAM-UDDIN BHAT JKPDP 35.18 SHAHEEN

142-Srinagar 195.68 18.57 JKN 50.30 ADVOCATE GHULAM JKPDP 38.46 NABI LONE

143-Anantnag 150.22 15.04 JKPDP 49.55 DR. MEHBOOB BEG JKN 23.63

144-Ladakh 128.93 73.52 THUPSTAN IND 51.84 JKN 31.9 CHHEWANG

145-Udhampur 608.07 45.09 CH. LAL SINGH INC 39.61 PROF. CHAMAN LAL BJP 31.85 GUPTA

146-Jammu 821.67 44.49 MADAN LAL SHARMA INC 38.94 DR. NIRMAL SINGH BJP 36.81

Karnataka

147-Bidar 815.79 59.49 RAMCHANDRA BJP 38.35 NARSINGRAO HULLA INC 35.45 VEERAPPA SURYAWANSHI 148-Gulbarga 827.89 57.57 IQBAL AHMED INC 37.76 BASAWARAJ BJP 30.82 SARADGI SEDAM 149-Raichur 825.1 58.44 A.VENKATESH NAIK INC 35.08 RAJA MADANGOPAL JD(S) 35.02 NAYAK 150-Koppal 894.08 63.29 K. VIRUPAXAPPA INC 39.84 NAGAPPA BHEEMAPPA BJP 34.96 SALONI 151-Bellary 950.33 66.81 G. KARUNAKARA BJP 33.57 KONDAIAH K C INC 30.23 REDDY

152-Davangere 910.4 68.40 G.M. SIDDESWARA BJP 40.7 MALLIKARJUN S S INC 37.11

48 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 153-Chitradurga 918.91 69.85 N.Y. INC 35.11 KODANDARAMAIAH P JD(S) 31.03 HANUMANTHAPPA

154-Tumkur 863.74 70.78 S. MALLIKARJUNAIAH BJP 35.08 JAGADEESH D L JD(S) 34.81

155-Chikballapur 931.13 70.85 R.L. JALAPPA INC 40.4 SHASHI KUMAR JD(S) 33.96

156-Kolar 909.26 72.13 K.H. MUNIYAPPA INC 42.41 VEERAIAH D S BJP 41.13

157-Kanakapura 1552.62 57.61 TEJASHWINI SEE INC 37.64 RAMACHANDRA GOWDA BJP 30.12 RAMESH

158-Bangalore 1157.24 54.26 DR. H.T. SANGLIANA BJP 40.93 JAFFER SHARIEF C K INC 38.31 North 159-Bangalore 800.65 49.42 BJP 48.3 KRISHNAPPA M INC 40.52 South 160-Mandya 857.56 71.63 M. H. INC 47.94 DR. S RAMEGOWDA JD(S) 33.43

161-Chamarajanagar 853.21 71.73 M. SHIVANNA JD(S) 37.11 A SIDDARAJU INC 31.96

162-Mysore 957.27 64.81 C. H. VIJAYASHANKAR BJP 33.06 A S GURUSWAMY JD(S) 32

163-Mangalore 791.57 72.01 D. V. SADANANDA BJP 48.61 M INC 44.39 GOWDA

164-Udupi 780.36 68.63 MANORAMA BJP 47.37 VINAYA KUMAR SORAKE INC 43.65 MADHWARAJ

165-Hassan 912.2 70.69 H. D. DEVEGOWDA JD(S) 50.72 H C SRIKANTAIAH ALIAS INC 29.85 ANNAIAH

166-Chikmagalur 819.25 73.06 D. C. SRIKANTAPPA BJP 41.67 B L SHANKAR INC 32.68

167-Shimoga 887.29 70.72 S. BANGARAPPA BJP 50.73 AYANUR MANJUNATH INC 42.15

168-Kanara 833.93 69.14 ANANTHKUMAR BJP 51.94 ALVA MARGARET INC 31.29 HEGDE

169-Dharwad South 864.81 71.98 KUNNUR BJP 51.2 PROF. I G SANADI INC 34.42 MANJUNATH CHANNAPPA

170-Dharwad North 810.55 64.84 BJP 47.51 B S PATIL INC 37.26

171-Belgaum 893.9 66.10 ANGADI SURESH BJP 45.96 AMARSINH VASANTRAO INC 36.48 CHANABASAPPA PATIL

172-Chikkodi 838.01 70.78 JIGAJINAGI RAMESH BJP 45.3 GHATAGE S B INC 40.11 CHANDAPPA

173-Bagalkot 868.47 65.60 GADDIGOUDAR BJP 52.9 PATIL R S INC 33.63 PARVATAGOUDA CHANDANAGOUDA

174-Bijapur 789.73 59.54 BASANAGOUDA R BJP 43.67 BASANAGOUDA INC 38.92 PATIL(YATNAL) SOMANAGOUDA PATIL (MANAGULI)

Kerala 175-Kasaragod 901.6 77.77 P. KARUNAKARAN CPM 48.5 N A MOHAMMED INC 36.49

49 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 176-Cannanore 861 79.19 A. P. ABDULLAKUTTY CPM 50.53 MULLAPPALLY INC 40.79 RAMACHANDRAN

177-Badagara 828.53 75.83 P. SATHEEDEVI CPM 51.81 M T PADMA INC 36.05

178-Calicut 781.18 70.39 M. P. VEERENDRA JD(S) 43.54 ADV V BALARAM INC 35.18 KUMAR

179-Manjeri 907.28 71.89 T. K. HAMZA CPM 47.05 K P A MAJEED MUL 41.79

180-Ponnani 730.34 62.32 E. AHAMMED MUL 48.48 P P SUNEER CPI 34.41

181-Palghat 820.86 73.78 N. N. KRISHNADAS CPM 45.7 V S VIJAYA RAGHAVAN INC 33.74

182-Ottapalam 806.84 73.90 S. AJAYA KUMAR CPM 49.07 K A THULASI INC 40.35

183-Trichur 687.71 69.41 C. K. CHANDRAPPAN CPI 46.67 A C JOSE INC 39.99

184-Mukundapuram 723.01 70.68 LONAPPAN CPM 51.89 PADMAJA VENUGOPAL INC 35.69 NAMBADAN

185-Ernakulam 658.92 61.63 DR. SEBASTIAN PAUL IND 49.03 DR EDWARD EDEZHATH INC 38.39

186-Muvattupuzha 745.87 75.80 P. C. THOMAS IFDP 34.38 ADV P M ISMAIL CPM 34.31 (PULLOLIL)

187-Kottayam 705.78 73.27 K. SURESH KURUP CPM 48.35 INC 42.27

188-Idukki 728.52 70.54 K. FRANCIS GEORGE KEC 48.53 BENNY BEHANAN INC 38.99

189-Alleppey 730.1 75.23 DR. K. S. MANOJ CPM 45.95 V M SUDHEERAN INC 45.81

190-Mavelikara 644.61 73.99 C. S. SUJATHA CPM 43.17 INC 42.02

191-Adoor 684.43 71.31 CHENGARA CPI 48.54 INC 40.57 SURENDRAN

192-Quilon 705.48 68.42 P. RAJENDRAN CPM 50.36 SOORANAD INC 34.62 RAJASEKHARAN

193-Chirayinkil 669.64 65.63 VARKALA CPM 46.83 M I SHANAVAS INC 39.26 RADHAKRISHNAN

194-Trivandrum 763.83 68.78 P. K. VASUDEVAN CPI 37.45 V S SIVAKUMAR INC 30.3 NAIR

Madhya Pradesh

195-Morena 487.44 33.97 ASHOK CHHAVIRAM BJP 53.61 BARELAL JATAV INC 23.39 ARGAL

196-Bhind 606.36 43.68 DR. RAMLAKHAN BJP 38.71 SATYADEV KATARE INC 37.56 SINGH

197-Gwalior 564.69 40.88 RAMSEVAK SINGH ( INC 43.65 JAIBHAN SINGH PAWAIYA BJP 37.3 BABUJI)

198-Guna 668.39 47.02 JYOTIRADITYA INC 49.96 HARIVALLABH SHUKLA BJP 37.04

50 ConstituencyConstituency NameName VotersVoters inin Voter Winner Runner-up 10001000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 199-Sagar 479.44 38.33 VIRENDRA KUMAR BJP 60.69 UTTAM KHATIK INC 29.82

200-Khajuraho 772.44 49.78 DR. RAMKRISHNA BJP 43.04 SATYAVRAT CHATURVEDI INC 28.57 KUSHMARIYA “ BABA “ VINOD BHAIYA “ JEE “

201-Damoh 591.22 42.28 CHANDRABHAN BJP 45.98 TILAK SINGH LODHI INC 29.98 BHAIYA

202-Satna 610.6 46.11 BJP 39.26 RAJENDRA KUMAR INC 25.57 SINGH “ DADA BHAI”

203-Rewa 630.75 43.17 CHANDRAMANI BJP 36.79 PRADEEP KUMAR PATEL BSP 29.69 TRIPATHI

204-Sidhi 457.21 42.19 CHANDRAPRATAP BJP 45.97 TILAKRAJ SINGH INC 35.13 SINGH

205-Shahdol 509.34 39.03 DALPAT SINGH BJP 41.24 RAJESH NANDANI SINGH INC 35.47 PARASTE

206-Balaghat 609.32 60.92 GAURI SHANKAR BJP 31.84 KANKAR MUNJARE JP 17.38 CHATURBHUJ BISEN

207-Mandla 588.27 53.72 FAGGAN SINGH BJP 40.47 HEERA SINGH MARKAM GGP 29.44 KULASTE

208-Jabalpur 571.4 42.49 RAKESH SINGH BJP 54.54 VISHWANATH DUBEY INC 37.12

209-Seoni 599.55 49.82 NEETA PATERIYA BJP 44.73 KALYANI PANDEY INC 28.92

210-Chhindwara 754.64 65.92 KAMALNATH INC 40.89 BJP 32.45

211-Betul 547.7 48.78 KHANDELWAL VIJAY BJP 52.58 RAJENDRA JAISWAL INC 23.82 KUMAR (MUNNI BHAIA)

212-Hoshangabad 634.34 49.28 SARTAJ SINGH BJP 55.91 OMPRAKASH HAJARILAL INC 34.41 RAGHUVANSHI BANAPURA

213-Bhopal 858.46 46.47 KAILASH JOSHI BJP 65.41 SAJID ALI INC 29.77

214-Vidisha 656.56 50.01 SHIVRAJ SINGH BJP 65.19 NARBADA PRASAD INC 25.48 SHARMA

215-Rajgarh 599.23 46.88 LAKSHMAN SINGH BJP 47.25 SHAMBHOO SINGH INC 41.12

216-Shajapur 720.24 54.21 THAWARCHAND BJP 58.87 SHYAM BAPULAL INC 35.52 GEHLOT MALVIYA

217-Khandwa 605.29 49.71 NAND KUMAR SINGH BJP 55.63 AMITABH MANDLOI INC 38.66 CHAUHAN ( NANDU BHAIYA)

218-Khargone 652.25 50.67 KRISHNA MURARI BJP 49.33 TARACHAND SHIVAJI INC 40.34 MOGHE PATEL

219-Dhar 703.37 53.07 CHHATAR SINGH BJP 49.12 UMANG SINGHAR INC 44.48 DARBAR

51 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 220-Indore 854.5 50.92 BJP 59.46 RAMESHWAR PATEL INC 36.77

221-Ujjain 720.78 57.97 DR. SATYANARAYAN BJP 51.3 PREMCHAND GUDDU INC 41.53 JATIYA

222-Jhabua 628.9 48.75 INC 51.24 RELAM CHAUHAN BJP 38.48

223-Mandsaur 776.54 56.53 DR LAXMINARAYAN BJP 54.53 RAJENDRA SINGH INC 36.55 PANDEYA GAUTAM

Maharashtra 224-Rajapur 480.54 57.51 SURESH PRABHAKAR SHS 54.94 SUDHIR SAWANT INC 38.1 PRABHU

225-Ratnagiri 560.98 61.36 SHS 59.66 GOVINDRAO NIKAM NCP 33.11

226-Kolaba 793.45 63.48 A. R. ANTULAY INC 39.35 VIVEK PATIL PWPI 35.33

227-Mumbai South 274.36 44.22 MILIND MURLI INC 50.28 BJP 46.55 DEORA

228-Mumbai South 347.97 49.4 SHS 36.94 AHIR SACHIN NCP 30.56 Central 229-Mumbai North 514.59 46.05 EKNATH M. GAIKWAD INC 49.8 MANOHAR GAJANAN SHS 47.21 Central JOSHI

230-Mumbai North 925.66 46.88 KAMAT GURUDAS INC 53.3 BJP 42.57 East 231-Mumbai North 747.69 49.33 SUNIL DUTT INC 51.59 SANJAY NIRUPAM SHS 45.26 West 232-Mumbai North 1119.34 47.07 GOVINDA INC 50.01 BJP 45.7

233-Thane 1313.25 40.53 PARANJAPE PRAKASH SHS 48.08 DAVKHARE VASANT NCP 46.39 VISHVANATH SHANKARRAO

234-Dahanu 683.35 42.58 SHINGADA INC 41.85 ADV. CHINTAMAN BJP 32.58 DAMODAR BARKU WANGA

235-Nashik 656.53 43.13 PINGALE DEVIDAS NCP 46.85 PATIL DASHARATH SHS 44.56 ANANDRAO DHARMAJI

236-Malegaon 590.77 48.35 HARISCHANDRA BJP 36.94 MAHALE HARIBHAU JD(S) 36.18 DEVRAM CHAVAN SHANKAR

237-Dhule 455.57 37.16 CHAURE BAPU HARI INC 46.25 GAVIT RAMDAS RUPLA BJP 44.55

238-Nandurbar 639.91 52.52 GAVIT MANIKRAO INC 54.99 DR. NATAWADKAR BJP 38.18 HODLYA SUHAS JAYANT

239-Erandol 609.8 50.28 ANNASAHEB M. K. BJP 47.48 ADV. VASANTRAO NCP 46.15 PATIL JEEVANRAO MORE

240-Jalgaon 616.97 49.80 Y. G. MAHAJAN (SIR) BJP 48.44 DR. ULHAS VASUDEO INC 45.09 PATIL

241-Buldhana 761.26 63.62 ADSUL ANANDRAO SHS 48.6 MUKUL BALKRUSHNA INC 40.73 VITHOBA WASNIK

242-Akola 735.37 57.90 DHOTRE SANJAY BJP 42.61 LAXMANRAO TAYADE INC 28.14 SHAMRAO

52 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 243-Washim 720.72 62.59 GAWALI (PATIL) SHS 49.77 NAIK MANOHAR NCP 41.32 KU. BHAVANA RAJUSING PUNDLIKRAO

244-Amravati 676.42 56.14 ANANT GUDHE SHS 30.04 OMPRAKASH ALIAS IND 27.94 BACCHU BABARAOJI KADU

245-Ramtek 647.48 56.36 MOHITE SUBODH SHS 42.74 DR. SHRIKANT JICHKAR INC 40.56 BABURAO

246-Nagpur 792.54 48.6 INC 47.17 ATALBAHADURSINGH BJP 34.61

247-Bhandara 680.48 67.64 PATLE SHISHUPAL BJP 40.76 NCP 40.32 NATTHU

248-Chimur 775.52 69.66 SHIVANKAR BJP 43.42 PROF. JOGENDRA PRBP 30.68 MAHADEORAO KAWADE SUKAJI

249-Chandrapur 841.14 63.26 AHIR HANSRAJ BJP 43.51 NARESH PUGLIA INC 36.4 GANGARAM

250-Wardha 626.11 54.69 WAGMARE SURESH BJP 42.97 PRABHATAI RAU INC 42.46 GANAPAT

251-Yavatmal 663.98 58.59 RATHOD HARISING BJP 44.96 PATIL UTTAMRAO INC 36.4 NASARU DEORAOJI

252-Hingoli 728.33 61.24 NCP 45.03 SHIVAJI GYANBARAO SHS 43.3 MANE

253-Nanded 800.15 55.35 D. B. PATIL BJP 45.15 KHATGAONKAR INC 42.11 BHASKARRAO BAPURAO

254-Parbhani 675.99 58.49 TUKARAM SHS 50.2 SURESH AMBADASRAO NCP 41.89 GANPATRAO RENGE WARPUDKAR PATIL

255-Jalna 756.37 60.85 DANVE RAOSAHEB BJP 48.87 PAWAR UTTAMSINGH INC 40.76 DADARAO PATIL RAJDHARSINGH

256-Aurangabad 912.57 55.79 CHANDRAKANT SHS 52.37 RAMKRUSHNA BABA INC 39.01 KHAIRE PATIL

257-Beed 884.23 67.01 JAISINGRAO NCP 48.07 SOLANKE PRAKASH BJP 42.71 GAIKWAD PATIL SUNDARRAO

258-Latur 822.36 63.62 PATIL RUPATAI BJP 49.19 PATIL SHIVRAJ INC 45.43 DILIPRAO VISHWANATH NILANGEKAR 259-Osmanabad 637.93 59.50 NARHIRE KALPANA SHS 46.15 DHOBALE LAXMAN NCP 45.9 RAMESH KONDIBA

260-Sholapur 656.8 55.42 DESHMUKH BJP 48.14 UJWALATAI INC 47.26 SUBHASH SURESHCHANDRA 261-Pandharpur 689.13 53.26 ATHAWALE RAMDAS RPI(A) 50.38 KSHIRSAGAR NAGNATH BJP 35.92 BANDU DATTATRAY

262-Ahmednagar 687.72 53.11 GADAKH TUKARAM NCP 52.77 PROF. N. S. PHARANDE BJP 41.86 GANGADHAR

53 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 263-Kopargaon 668.7 62.07 E. V. ALIAS INC 53.34 MURKUTE BHANUDAS SHS 40.28 BALASAHEB VIKHE KASHINATH PATIL

264-Khed 732.05 55.51 ADHALARAO PATIL SHS 49.25 ASHOK NAMDEVRAO NCP 46.4 SHIVAJIRAO MOHOL

265-Pune 769.02 47.81 KALMADI SURESH INC 48.6 PRADIP TRIMBAK RAWAT BJP 39.09

266-Baramati 893.33 48.38 PAWAR NCP 71.03 PRITHVIRAJ SAHEBRAO BJP 23.68 SHARADCHANDRA JACHAK GOVINDRAO 267-Satara 675.01 58.79 LAXMANRAO NCP 41.71 HINDURAO N. NAIK SHS 41.13 PANDURANG JADHAV NIMBALKAR (PATIL)

268-Karad 714.52 60.5 PATIL SHRINIWAS NCP 61.12 MANKUMARE VASANT SHS 33.59 DADASAHEB DNYANDEV

269-Sangli 693 58.48 PATIL PRAKSHBAPU INC 44.02 DEEPAK (BABA) BJP 32.24 VASANTDADA ABASAHEB SHINDE MHAISALKAR

270-Ichalkaranji 791.09 65.11 MANE NIVEDITA NCP 53.38 DR. PATIL SANJAY (DADA) SHS 40.61 SAMBHAJIRAO SHAMRAO

271-Kolhapur 813.34 70.01 MANDLIK NCP 49.42 MAHADIK DHANANJAY SHS 47.6 SADASHIVRAO BHIMRAO DADOBA Manipur 272-Inner Manipur 416.41 56.22 DR. THOKCHOM INC 37.00 MOIRANGTHEM NARA CPI 25.15 MEINYA

273-Outer Manipur( 619.15 77.82 MANI CHARENAMEI IND 37.09 D. LOLI ADANEE BJP 23.81

Meghalaya 274-Shillong 367.78 46.85 PATY RIPPLE INC 51.68 S. LONIAK MARBANIANG IND 32.4 KYNDIAH

275-Tura 311.11 61.77 PURANO AGITOK AITC 61.69 DR. MUKUL SANGMA INC 38.31 SANGMA Mizoram 276-Mizoram 348.55 63.60 MNF 52.46 DR. LALTLUANGLIANA IND 45.67 KHIANGTE Nagaland 277-Nagaland 954.72 91.77 W. WANGYUH NPF 73.12 K. ASUNGBA SANGTAM INC 25.78

Orissa 278-Mayurbhanj 696 70.26 JMM 37.43 BHAGIRATHI MAJHI BJP 36.29

279-Balasore 947.57 71.36 MAHAMEGHA BJP 58.37 NIRANJAN PANDA INC 33.36 BAHAN AIRA KHARBELA SWAIN

280-Bhadrak 932.28 69.06 ARJUN CHARAN BJD 52.5 MURALIDHAR JENA INC 42.3 SETHI 281-Jajpur 876.21 68.52 BJD 51.61 AMIYA KANTA MALLIK INC 45.73

282-Kendrapara 836.27 70.46 BJD 54.2 INC 43.82

54 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 283-Cuttack 820.3 66.36 BHARTRUHARI BJD 60.56 JAYANTI PATNAIK INC 39.44 MAHTAB

284-Jagatsinghpur 926.51 71.34 BRAHMANANDA BJD 50.34 INC 44.16 PANDA

285-Puri 888.96 69.02 BRAJA KISHORE BJD 52 INC 45.14 TRIPATHY

286-Bhubaneswar 853.05 57.24 PRASANNA KUMAR BJD 51.29 SOUMYA RANJAN INC 38.16 PATASANI PATNAIK 287-Aska 680.38 54.40 HARI HAR SWAIN BJD 56.08 RAMKRUSHANA PATNAIK INC 36.59

288-Berhampur 719.38 60.23 CHANDRA SEKHAR INC 49.48 ANADI SAHU BJP 42.3 SAHU

289-Koraput 735.67 64.56 INC 45.5 PAPANNA MUTIKA BJD 39.62

290-Nowrangpur 780.73 67.34 BJP 46.11 CHANDRA SEKHAR INC 42.92 MAJHI

291-Kalahandi 754.1 66.58 BIKRAM KESHARI BJP 47.35 INC 42.83 DEO

292-Phulbani 787.29 66.51 BJD 42.93 ABHIMANYU BEHERA INC 40.48

293-Bolangir 728.38 66.23 SANGEETA KUMARI BJP 44.33 SARAT PATTANAYAK INC 30.51 SINGH DEO

294-Sambalpur 810.6 65.32 BJD 48.18 INC 46.36

295-Deogarh 823.3 67.49 DHARMENDRA BJP 51.75 SRI SRIBALLAV INC 42.15 PRADHAN PANIGRAHI

296-Dhenkanal 790.37 67.28 TATHAGATA BJD 53.59 KAMAKHYA PRASAD INC 38.04 SATAPATHY SINGHDEO

297-Sundargarh 732.35 60.57 BJP 45.96 FRIDA TOPNO INC 40.54

298-Keonjhar 814.66 68.84 BJP 43.66 NILAKANTHA NAYAK INC 37.62

Punjab

299-Gurdaspur 785.83 64.93 BJP 49.32 SUKHBUNS KAUR INC 46.15 BHINDER

300-Amritsar 711.82 55.06 NAVJOT SINGH SIDHU BJP 55.38 RAGHUNANDAN LAL INC 39.99 BHATIA

301-Tarn Taran 717.38 61.13 DR. RATTAN SINGH SAD 50.83 SUKHBINDER SINGH ( INC 42.97 AJNALA SUKH SARKARIA)

302-Jullundur 741.74 60.79 RANA GURJEET INC 46.46 NARESH GUJRAL SAD 41.95 SINGH

303-Phillaur 722.54 61.15 CHARANJIT SINGH SAD 44.91 SANTOSH CHOWDHARY INC 31.23 ATWAL

304-Hoshiarpur 655.69 57.65 AVINASH RAI BJP 44.2 COMRADE DARSHAN CPM 28.28 KHANNA SINGH MATTU

55 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 305-Ropar 790.22 58.74 SUKHDEV SINGH SAD 43.99 SHAMSHER SINGH INC 39.73 LIBRA DULLO

306-Patiala 874.13 61.32 INC 46.89 KANWALJIT SINGH SAD 44.19

307-Ludhiana 869.93 55.75 SHARANJIT SINGH SAD 37.85 MUNISH TEWARI INC 34.45 DHILLON

308-Sangrur 836.82 68.97 SUKHDEV SINGH SAD 34.28 ARVIND KHANNA INC 31.02 DHINDSA

309-Bhatinda 763.2 59.35 PARAMJIT KAUR SAD 42.37 KAUSHALYA CHAMAN CPI 34.17 GULSHAN BHAURA

310-Faridkot 893.14 70.75 SUKHBIR SINGH SAD 53.29 KARAN KAUR BRAR INC 38.14 BADAL

311-Firozepur 866.64 66.63 ZORA SINGH MAAN SAD 41.21 JAGMEET SINGH BRAR INC 39.87

Rajasthan 312-Ganganagar 722.94 54.07 BJP 45.85 BHARATRAM INC 44.83 MEGHWAL

313-Bikaner 1077.36 56.75 DHARMENDRA BJP 48.06 RAMESHWAR LAL INC 42.76

314-Churu 833.98 60.84 RAMSINGH KASWAN BJP 48.05 BAL RAM JAKHAR INC 44.47

315-Jhunjhunu 681.51 49.80 SHISH RAM OLA INC 40.23 SANTOSH AHLAWAT BJP 36.8

316-Sikar 779.47 52.84 SUBHASH MEHARIA BJP 47.15 NARAYAN SINGH INC 40.14

317-Jaipur 881.08 46.47 GIRDHARI LAL BJP 54.56 PRATAP SINGH INC 42.4 BHARGAVA KHACHARIAWAS

318-Dausa 716.9 49.04 INC 51.6 KARTAR SINGH BHADANA BJP 35.58

319-Alwar 542.88 43.07 DR. INC 45.47 MAHANT CHANDNATH BJP 43.93 YADAV

320-Bharatpur 576.99 48.54 BJP 55.44 VED PRAKASH INC 36.15

321-Bayana 490.63 41.02 RAMSWAROOP KOLI BJP 54.02 MAHENDRA SINGH INC 41.87

322-Sawai Madhopur 665.59 49.67 NAMO NARAIN INC 55.22 JASKAUR BJP 38.52

323-Ajmer 529.55 44.08 RASA SINGH RAWAT BJP 59.44 HAJI HABIBURREHAMAN INC 35.28

324-Tonk 594.36 46.52 KAILASH MEGHWAL BJP 53.12 NAND KISHORE BAIRWA INC 43.27

325-Kota 580.11 43.75 RAGHUVEER SINGH BJP 51.42 HARI MOHAN SHARMA INC 39.05 KOSHAL

326-Jhalawar 567.61 47.81 DUSHYANT SINGH BJP 53.53 SANJAY GURJAR INC 39.16

327-Banswara 666.1 48.51 DHAN SINGH RAWAT BJP 40.42 PRABHULAL RAWAT INC 37.17

328-Salumber 629.83 49.26 MAHAVEER BJP 44.72 BHERULAL MEENA INC 40.79 BHAGORA

329-Udaipur 759.7 55.75 KIRAN MAHESHWARI BJP 52.4 INC 42.54

56 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 330-Chittorgarh 672.48 48.54 SHRICHAND KRIPLANI BJP 55.82 VISHWA VIJAY SINGH INC 35.63

331-Bhilwara 619.7 50.32 VIJAYENDRAPAL BJP 51.2 KAILASH VYAS INC 41.41 SINGH

332-Pali 542.74 45.46 PUSP JAIN BJP 48.66 SURENDRA KUMAR INC 37.01 SURANA

333-Jalore 655.87 45.92 B. SUSHEELA BJP 48.98 INC 43.01

334-Barmer 1048.7 64.00 MANVENDRA SINGH BJP 60.25 COL. INC 34.32 CHOUDHARY

335-Jodhpur 864.93 55.04 BJP 50.22 BADRI RAM JAKHAR INC 45.31 BISHNOI

336-Nagaur 631.47 44.02 BHANWAR SINGH BJP 45.08 RAMRAGHUNATH INC 33.89 DANGAWAS

Sikkim

337-Sikkim 219.65 77.95 NAKUL DAS RAI SDF 69.84 BIRAJ ADHIKARI INC 27.43

Tamil Nadu

338-Madras North 915.87 45.77 KUPPUSAMI. C DMK 62.25 SUKUMAR NAMBIAR. M N BJP 34.57

339-Madras Central 512.82 49.06 DAYANIDHI MARAN DMK 61.68 BALAGANGA N. ADMK 35.52

340-Madras South 934.55 47.96 BAALU, T. R. DMK 60.41 BADER SAYEED ( TMT) ADMK 36.79

341-Sriperumbudur 843.1 59.23 KRISHNASWAMY. A DMK 61.39 VENUGOPAL. DR. P ADMK 33.48

342-Chengalpattu 759.08 65.02 MOORTHY, A.K. PMK 56.86 RAMACHANDRAN. K N ADMK 37.27

343-Arakkonam 775.44 66.85 VELU, R. PMK 49.9 SHANMUGAM. N ADMK 36.72

344-Vellore 746.91 61.28 KADER MOHIDEEN, DMK 58.46 SANTHANAM. A ADMK 34.55 K. M

345-Tiruppattur 776.09 63.99 VENUGOPAL, D. DMK 58.47 SUBRAMANI. K. G ADMK 35.16

346-Vandavasi 703.27 62.35 RAMACHANDRAN MDMK 56.15 RAJALAKSHMI. R ADMK 34.62 GINGEE, N.

347-Tindivanam 726.92 62.98 DHANARAJU. K PMK 50.6 ARUNMOZHITHEVAN. A ADMK 38.06

348-Cuddalore 760.18 62.99 VENKATAPATHY. K DMK 52.63 RAJENDRAN. R ADMK 35.35

349-Chidambaram 743.41 66.09 PONNUSWAMY, E. PMK 46.2 THIRUMAAVALAVAN JD(U) 34.41 THOL 350-Dharmapuri 709.99 54.86 SENTHIL, DR. R. PMK 55.99 ELANGOVAN. P. D. BJP 25.56

351-Krishnagiri 738.74 59.07 SUGAVANAM. E. G DMK 54.59 NANJE GOWDU. K ADMK 38.45

352-Rasipuram 695.98 61.46 RANI. K INC 55.2 ANBALAGAN. S ADMK 35.87

57 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 353-Salem 741.44 59.29 THANGKABALU K. V. INC 59.96 RAJASEKARAN. A ADMK 36.28

354-Tiruchengode 864.45 59.92 SUBBULAKSHMI DMK 58.02 PALANISWAMI. K ADMK 37.27 JAGADEESAN

355-Nilgiris 780.89 59.29 PRABHU R. INC 63.28 MATHAN. M @ MASTER BJP 32.99 MATHAN. M

356-Gobichettipalayam 680.1 64.64 ELANGOVAN, E. V. K. S. INC 62.76 GOVINDARAJAR, N. R. ADMK 31.22

357-Coimbatore 878.87 55.51 SUBBARAYAN, K. CPI 57.46 RADHAKISHNAN. C. P BJP 38.74

358-Pollachi 643 61.87 KRISHNAN, DR. C MDMK 56.76 MURUGAN. G ADMK 37.96

359-Palani 695.44 63.92 KHARVENTHAN, S. K. INC 64.55 KISHORE KUMAR. K ADMK 31.26

360-Dindigul 690.23 60.75 CHITTHAN, N. S. V. INC 58.98 JEYARAMAN. M ADMK 36.5

361-Madurai 739.68 55.05 MOHAN, P. CPM 56.03 BOSE, A K. ADMK 38.07

362-Periyakulam 700.53 66.28 AARON RASHID J. M. INC 49.51 DHINAKARAN. T T V ADMK 46.49

363-Karur 743.59 69.70 PALANISAMY, K. C. DMK 60.57 PALANICHAMY, RAJA. N ADMK 34.9

364-Tiruchirappalli 708.14 59.48 GANESAN. L MDMK 63.68 PARANJOTHI. M ADMK 33.07

365-Perambalur 707.03 70.88 RAJA, A. DMK 55.12 SUNDARAM. DR. M. ADMK 33.43

366-Mayiladuturai 695.63 68.09 INC 59.11 MANIAN. O S ADMK 30.97

367-Nagapattinam 751.44 71.65 VIJAYAN, A. K. S. DMK 61.67 ARCHUNAN. P J ADMK 32.89

368-Thanjavur 708.72 68.78 PALANIMANICKAM. S. S. DMK 56.58 THANGAMUTHU. K ADMK 39.77

369-Pudukkottai 820.27 66.42 REGUPATHY, S. DMK 56.83 RAVICHANDRAN. A ADMK 37.75

370-Sivaganga 667.21 61.58 CHIDAMBARAM, P. INC 60.01 KARUPPIAH. S P ADMK 35.62

371-Ramanathapuram 674.39 58.83 BHAVANI DMK 49.72 MURUGESAN. C ADMK 33.41 RAJENTHIRAN. M. S. K. 372-Sivakasi 830.64 63.27 RAVICHANDRAN, A MDMK 56.47 KANNAN. P ADMK 36.66

373-Tirunelveli 633.78 58.34 DHANUSKODI INC 58.4 AMIRTHA GANESAN, R. ADMK 32.04 ATHITHAN, R.

374-Tenkasi 712.15 65.68 APPADURAI, M. CPI 48.87 MURUGESAN. S ADMK 31.71

375-Tiruchendur 631.01 61.17 RADHIKA SELVI. V DMK 62.52 THAMODARAN. T ADMK 33.72

376-Nagercoil 673.56 60.69 BELLARMIN. A. V. CPM 60.88 RADHAKRISHNAN. P BJP 36.49

Tripura 377-Tripura West 701.16 67.50 KHAGEN DAS CPM 70.86 NIRMALA DASGUPTA INC 16.00

378-Tripura East 623.09 66.62 CPM 66.48 PULIN BIHARI DEWAN BJP 16.61

Uttar Pradesh 379-Bijnor 705.74 52.07 MUNSHIRAM RLD 42.74 GHAN SHYAM CHANDR BSP 31.37 KHARWAR

58 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 380-Amroha 885.16 65.93 HARISH NAGPAL IND 32.48 MAHMOOD MADNI RLD 30.46

381-Moradabad 655.17 48.41 DR. SHAFIQURRAHMAN SP 33.29 CHANDRA VIJAY SINGH BJP 27.82 BARQ URF BABY RAJA

382-Rampur 810.6 57.10 P. JAYA PRADA NAHATA SP 35.7 BAGUM NOOR BANO INC 25.16 ALIAS MEHTAB ZAMANI BEGUM

383-Sambhal 759.38 60.8 PRO. RAM GOPAL SP 47.02 TARANNUM AQEEL BSP 20.94 YADAV

384-Budaun 590.01 49.15 SALEEM IQBAL SP 45.04 BRIJPAL SINGH SHAKYA BJP 36.34 SHERVANI

385-Aonla 536.46 46.82 KUNWAR SARVRAJ JD(U) 28.58 SP 27.3 SINGH

386-Bareilly 822.85 52.88 BJP 32.77 AKBAR AHMED DEMPI BSP 25.52

387-Pilibhit 677.11 52.66 BJP 37.75 SATYAPAL GANGWAR SP 22.58

388-Shahjahanpur 633.85 51.12 KUNWAR JITIN INC 34.83 RAM MURTI SINGH SP 21.92 PRASAD VERMA

389-Kheri 706.72 49.16 RAVI PRAKASH SP 31.78 DAUD AHMAD BSP 30.12 VERMA

390-Shahabad 579.63 46.08 ILIYAS AZMI BSP 36.26 SATYA DEV SINGH BJP 28.26

391-Sitapur 596.57 46.15 RAJESH VERMA BSP 28.79 MUKHTAR ANEES SP 27.91

392-Misrikh 550.85 44.70 ASHOK KUMAR BSP 37.59 SUSHILA SAROJ SP 34.07 RAWAT

393-Hardoi 522.1 43.03 USHA VERMA SP 38.97 SHIV PRASAD VERMA BSP 31.46

394-Lucknow 578.56 35.28 ATAL BIHARI BJP 56.12 MADHU GUPTA SP 18.38 VAJPAYEE

395-Mohanlalganj 571.88 44.73 JAI PRAKASH SP 25.98 RADHE LAL BSP 25.53

396-Unnao 547.57 42.02 BRAJESH PATHAK BSP 32.57 DEEPAK KUMAR SP 29.33

397-Rae Bareli 643.56 48.42 INC 58.75 ASHOK KUMAR SINGH SP 19.94

398-Pratapgarh 572.55 42.98 AKSHAY PRATAP SP 41.59 RAJKUMARI RATNA INC 29.49 SINGH “GOPAL JI” SINGH

399-Amethi 589.6 44.50 INC 66.18 CHANDRA PARKASH BSP 16.85 MISHRA MATIYART

400-Sultanpur 721.05 49.21 MOHD. TAHIR BSP 36.28 SHAILENDRA PRATAP SP 22.16 SINGH

401-Akbarpur 741.57 51.28 MAYA WATI BSP 43.83 SHANKH LAL MAJHI SP 35.97

402-Faizabad 686.6 51.76 MITRASEN BSP 30.19 LALLU SINGH BJP 25.31

403-Bara Banki 540.25 44.47 KAMLA PRASAD BSP 36.35 RAM SAGAR SP 32.48

59 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 404-Kaiserganj 569.95 44.78 SP 38.59 BJP 36.36

405-Bahraich 549.54 38.6 RUBAB SAYEDA SP 34.38 BHAGAT RAM MISHRA BSP 29.59

406-Balrampur 698.11 53.05 BRIJ BHUSHAN BJP 38.81 RIZWAN ZAHEER ALIAS BSP 31.27 SHARAN SINGH RIJJU BHAYA

407-Gonda 606.65 43.6 KIRTI VARDHAN SP 41.53 GHAN SHYAM SHUKLA BJP 35.43 SINGH ALIAS RAJA BHAIYA

408-Basti 576.4 40.69 LAL MANI PRASAD BSP 26.93 BJP 22.53

409-Domariaganj 643.13 47.64 MOHD. MUQUEEM BSP 31.49 INC 23.27

410-Khalilabad 700.72 50.18 BHALCHANDRA BSP 33.5 BHISHMA SHANKAR SP 29.64 YADAVA TIWARI ALIAS KUSHAL TIWARI

411-Bansgaon 632.11 43.86 MAHAVEER PRASAD INC 28.54 SADAL PRASAD BSP 25.94

412-Gorakhpur 689.25 48.13 ADITYA NATH BJP 51.31 JAMUNA PRASAD SP 30.7

413-Maharajganj 746.62 56.94 PANKAJ BJP 30.63 AKHILESH SP 21.95

414-Padrauna 790.05 52.61 BALESHWAR YADAV NLP 26.18 KUNWAR RATANJEET INC 25.12 PRATAP NARAYAN SINGH

415-Deoria 729.79 46.53 MOHAN SINGH SP 32.57 SRIPRAKASH MANI BJP 25.41 TRIPATHI

416-Salempur 669.62 45.11 HARIKEVAL PRASAD SP 29.21 BHOLA PANDEY INC 26.78

417-Ballia 619.76 43.33 SJP(R) 43.59 KAPILDEO YADAV BSP 30.51

418-Ghosi 721.58 50.56 CHANDRADEO SP 27.92 BAL KRISHNA BSP 25.01 PRASAD RAJBHAR

419-Azamgarh 711.43 49.92 RAMAKANT YADAV BSP 36.3 DURGA PRASAD YADAV SP 35.32

420-Lalganj 763.55 49.01 DAROGA PRASAD SP 37.13 DR. BALIRAM BSP 31.53 SAROJ

421-Machhlishahr 676.37 45.93 UMAKANT YADAV BSP 35.1 CHANDRA NATH SINGH SP 26.92

422-Jaunpur 713.01 47.11 PARASNATH YADAVA SP 30.8 OM PRAKASH DUBEY BSP 27 (BABA DUBEY)

423-Saidpur 711.34 46.33 SP 32.61 R A PRASAD BSP 28.42

424-Ghazipur 869.18 58.86 AFAJAL ANSARI SP 47.82 MONOJ BJP 21.73

425-Chandauli 704.44 44.56 KAILASH NATH SINGH BSP 29.05 ANAND RATNA MAURYA SP 28.81 YADAV

426-Varanasi 633.08 42.60 DR. RAJESH KUMAR INC 32.68 SHANKAR PRASAD BJP 23.61 MISHRA JAISWAL

427-Robertsganj 724.82 43.63 LALCHANDRA BSP 26.15 PAKAURI LAL SP 24.72

60 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 428-Mirzapur 728.02 44.66 NARENDRA KUMAR BSP 27.74 VEERENDRA SINGH BJP 22.74 KUSHWAHA

429-Phulpur 755.22 53.58 ATIQUE AHAMAD SP 35.15 KESHARI DEVI PATEL BSP 26.63

430-Allahabad 656.5 42.13 KUNWAR REWATI SP 35.64 DR. MURALI MANOHAR BJP 31.32 URF JOSHI MANI JI

431-Chail 555.38 37.42 SHAILENDRA KUMAR SP 35.33 VACHASPATI BSP 35.22

432-Fatehpur 506.7 39.61 MAHENDRA PRASAD BSP 32.28 ACHAL SINGH SP 21.91 NISHAD

433-Banda 526.34 40.99 SHYAMA CHARAN SP 35.17 RAM SAJEEWAN BSP 24.47 GUPT

434-Hamirpur 604.1 50.97 RAJNARAYAN ALIAS SP 36.57 ASHOK KUMAR SINGH BSP 30.42 RAJJU MAHRAJ CHANDEL

435-Jhansi 819.65 53.7 CHANDRAPAL SINGH SP 29.13 BABU LAL KUSHWAHA BSP 25.92 YADAV

436-Jalaun 579.78 44.25 BHANU PRATAP BJP 33.67 GHANSHYAM KORI SP 29.05 SINGH VERMA

437-Ghatampur 504.77 41.8 RADHEY SHYAM KORI SP 31.72 PYARELAL SANKHWAR BSP 29.68

438-Bilhaur 641.4 46.83 BSP 34.8 LAL SINGH TOMAR SP 30.99

439-Kanpur 618.72 43.35 SHRIPRAKASH INC 34.12 SATYA DEV PACHAURI BJP 33.21 JAISWAL

440-Etawah 703.96 55.67 RAGHURAJ SINGH SP 52.25 SARITA BHADAURIA BJP 25.24 SHAKYA

441-Kannauj 758.63 56.39 SP 61.21 TH. RAJESH SINGH BSP 20.69

442-Farrukhabad 665.44 48.71 CHANDRA BHUSHAN SP 26.47 LOUISE KHURSHID INC 26.06 SINGH (MUNNOO BABU)

443-Mainpuri 719.92 59.45 MULAYAM SINGH SP 63.96 ASHOK SHAKYA BSP 17.03 YADAV

444-Jalesar 650.36 52.41 PRO. S.P SINGH SP 44.14 PRATYENDRA PAL SINGH BJP 27.83 BAGHEL (PAPPU BHAIYA)

445-Etah 587.12 52.03 KU. DEVENDRA SP 47.04 ASHOK RATAN SHAKYA BJP 38.29 SINGH YADAV

446-Firozabad 531.36 40.69 RAM JI LAL SUMAN SP 39.97 KISHORI LAL MAHAUR BJP 29.66

447-Agra 642.72 44.92 RAJ BABBAR SP 37.82 MURARI LAL MITTAL BJP 28.9 FATEHPURIA

448-Mathura 602.19 47.16 MANVENDRA SINGH INC 31.12 CHOUDHARY BSP 24.79 LAXMINARAYAN

449-Hathras 492.14 40.57 KISHAN LAL DILER BJP 35.57 RAM VIR SINGH BHAIYAJI BSP 30.93

61 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 450-Aligarh 633.68 47.25 BIJENDRA SINGH INC 26.38 BJP 25.94

451-Khurja 600.7 41.24 ASHOK KUMAR BJP 35.74 RAVI GAUTAM BSP 28.89 PRADHAN

452-Bulandshahr 685.26 55.89 BJP 37.69 BADRUL ISLAM RLD 35.26

453-Hapur 799.74 44.27 SURENDRA PRAKASH INC 29.4 TOMAR BJP 24.1 GOYAL

454-Meerut 697.48 52.44 MOHD. SHAHID BSP 36.2 MALOOK NAGAR RLD 26.26

455-Baghpat 656.9 41.83 RLD 53.76 AULAD ALI BSP 20.18

456-Muzaffarnagar 862.41 56.67 CH. MUNAWWAR SP 35.51 AMARPAL SINGH BJP 27.51 HASAN 457-Kairana 816.73 66.9 ANURADHA RLD 64.15 SHAHNAWAZ BSP 22.22 CHOUDHARY

458-Saharanpur 990.42 63.24 SP 35.67 MANSOOR ALI KHAN BSP 32.96

West Bengal 459-Cooch Behar 952.56 82.93 AIFB 51.54 GIRINDRA NATH AITC 27.76 BARMAN

460-Alipurduars 840.84 80.47 RSP 45.7 BJP 28.44

461-Jalpaiguri 890.11 80.65 CPM 47.65 PARASH DATTA AITC 27.36

462-Darjeeling 888.08 71.11 DAWA NARBULA INC 44.7 MONI THAPA CPM 33.28

463-Raiganj 917.58 79.99 PRIYARANJAN INC 45.98 MINATI GHOSH CPM 41.71 DASMUNSI

464-Balurghat 925.63 82.1 RSP 44.87 MANOMOHAN ROY BJP 37.18

465-Malda 849.11 78.03 A. B. A. GHANI KHAN INC 48.63 PRANAB DAS CPM 35.54 CHOUDHURY

466-Jangipur 883.13 81.71 INC 48.88 CPM 44.7

467-Murshidabad 1007.22 84.16 ABDUL MANNAN INC 45.86 CPM 44.32 HOSSAIN AHAMED

468- 991.52 81.27 ADHIR RANJAN INC 51.24 PRAMOTHES RSP 41.27 CHOWDHURY MUKHERJEE

469-Krishnagar 930.29 83.3 CPM 42.73 SATYA BRATA BJP 40.54 MOOKHERJEE

470-Nabadwip 1177.77 84.83 CPM 47.56 NILIMA NAG ( MALLICK) AITC 46.71

471-Barasat 1153.16 83.11 AIFB 45.13 DR. RANJIT KUMAR AITC 44.07 PANJA

472-Basirhat 907.59 82.03 CPI 50.97 SUJIT BOSE AITC 30.91

473-Joynagar 806.33 71.01 SANAT KUMAR RSP 55.81 ASIT BARAN THAKUR BJP 27.22 MANDAL

62 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 474-Mathurapur 907.79 81.65 CPM 48.56 RADHIKA RANJAN AITC 39.53 PRAMANIK

475-Diamond Harbour 836.54 75.96 CPM 51.51 SOUGATA ROY AITC 33.13

476-Jadavpur 1022.32 75.53 SUJAN CPM 49.44 AITC 40.67 CHAKRABORTY

477-Barrackpore 794.42 81.01 TARIT BARAN CPM 55.77 ARJUN SINGH AITC 34.99 TOPDAR

478-Dum Dum 1248.36 80.89 CPM 49.61 BJP 41.74

479-Calcutta North 360.11 59.12 SUDHANGSHU SEAL CPM 42.15 AITC 30.2 West 480-Calcutta North 568.89 70.78 MD. SALIM CPM 50 AITC 37.03 East 481-Calcutta South 772.74 70.47 AITC 50.93 CPM 38.19

482-Howrah 911.63 73.52 SWADESH CPM 53.69 DR. AITC 26.6 CHAKRABORTTY

483-Uluberia 851.55 75.40 CPM 49.88 AITC 32.02

484-Serampore 946.25 73.64 SANTASRI CPM 42.7 AKBAR ALI KHANDOKER AITC 40.62 CHATTERJEE

485-Hooghly 924.92 79.65 CPM 53.72 INDRANI MUKHERJEE AITC 35.67

486-Arambagh 964.84 81.26 CPM 77.16 SWAPAN KUMAR NANDI BJP 15.75

487-Panskura 874.55 82.45 CPI 61.92 HEMA CHOUBEY AITC 29.96

488-Tamluk 1035.27 87.35 SETH LAKSHMAN CPM 48.99 ADHIKARY SUVENDU AITC 43.45 CHANDRA

489-Contai 926.77 85.75 CPM 50.15 NITISH SENGUPTA AITC 43.76

490- 908.5 78.84 CPI 52.84 RAHUL ( BISWAJIT) BJP 35.14 SINHA

491-Jhargram 795.31 77.32 CPM 64.01 NITYANANDA HEMBRAM AITC 19.83

492-Purulia 696.22 70.20 AIFB 48.99 SHANTIRAM MAHATO INC 28.06

493-Bankura 695.49 68.23 ACHARIA BASUDEB CPM 60.07 DEB PRASAD KUNDU AITC 26.96 (TARA)

494-Vishnupur 806.62 76.64 CPM 64.28 JANARDAN SAHA AITC 23.14

495-Durgapur 847.62 73.66 SUNIL KHAN CPM 59.61 SHIB NARAYAN SAHA BJP 26.87

496-Asansol 725.2 66.52 CPM 51 GHATAK MOLOY AITC 33.85

497-Burdwan 997.02 81.71 NIKHILANANDA SAR CPM 67.51 ANINDYA GOPAL MITRA BJP 20.23

498-Katwa 966.26 82.72 MAHBOOB ZAHEDI CPM 51.2 AHMED SULTAN AITC 36.36

499-Bolpur 770.06 74.41 CHATTERJEE CPM 65.56 DR. NIRMAL MAJI AITC 25.26 SOMNATH

63 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 500-Birbhum 724.06 70.31 DOME RAM CPM 51.42 GOPAL CHANDRA DAS INC 24.95 CHANDRA Chhattisgarh 501-Surguja 676.7 48.78 BJP 52.77 KHELSAY SINGH INC 37.48

502-Raigarh 648.94 62.43 BJP 50.75 RAMPUKAR SINGH INC 39.3

503-Janjgir 717.7 52.23 BJP 42.31 DR. CHARANDAS INC 40.73 MAHANT 504-Bilaspur 621.42 44.02 PUNNULAL MOHLE BJP 52.26 DR. BASANT PAHRE INC 39.13

505-Sarangarh 587.91 49.35 GUHARAM AJGALLE BJP 41.26 PARASRAM BHARDWAJ INC 31.21

506- 689.52 50.33 BJP 54.54 SHYAMACHARAN INC 35.75 SHUKLA

507-Mahasamund 771.43 65.99 INC 53.75 VIDHYA CHARAN SHUKLA BJP 38.39

508-Kanker 553.89 48.09 SOHAN POTAI BJP 49.52 MRS. GANGA POTAI INC 36.23 THAKUR

509-Bastar 450.42 43.33 BJP 47.26 INC 35.19

510-Durg 761.81 52.08 TARACHAND SAHU BJP 50.24 BHUPESH BAGHEL INC 42.17

511- 665.93 59.37 BJP 47.23 DEVVRAT SINGH INC 45.08

Jharkhand 512-Rajmahal 691.12 64.47 HEMLAL MURMU JMM 32.76 THOMAS HANSDA INC 32.33

513-Dumka 625.12 57.71 JMM 54.32 SONE LAL HEMBROM BJP 35.92

514-Godda 831.36 62.09 FURKAN ANSARI INC 44.88 PRADEEP YADAV BJP 41.66

515-Chatra 435.5 44.51 DHIRENDRA RJD 27.89 INDER SINGH NAMDHARI JD(U) 23.56 AGARWAL

516-Kodarma 825.71 62.28 BJP 44.4 CHAMPA VERMA JMM 25.64

517-Giridih 714.38 54.42 TEK LAL MAHTO JMM 49.03 RAVINDRA KUMAR BJP 28.06 PANDEY

518-Dhanbad 941.48 53.82 CHANDRA SHEKHAR INC 37.76 RITA VERMA BJP 25.08 DUBEY

519-Ranchi 695.75 50.49 SUBODH KANT INC 40.82 BJP 38.61 SAHAY

520-Jamshedpur 776.52 56.59 SUNIL KUMAR JMM 51 ABHA MAHTO BJP 37.4 MAHATO

521-Singhbhum 520.15 56.56 BAGUN SUMBRAI INC 42.55 LAXMAN GILUA BJP 31.17

522-Khunti 490.77 54.24 SUSHILA KERKETTA INC 44.45 BJP 34.01

523-Lohardaga 466.46 51.56 INC 48 DUKHA BHAGAT BJP 28.65

524-Palamu 641.54 49.76 MANOJ KUMAR RJD 32.22 BRAJ MOHAN RAM BJP 23.63

64 Constituency Name Voters in Voter Winner Runner-up 1000 Turnout Candidate Name Party Votes Candidate Name Party Votes (% age) Name Polled Name Polled (%age) (%age) 525-Hazaribagh 705.44 59.78 BHUBNESHWAR CPI 50.47 BJP 35.54 PRASAD MEHTA

Uttarakhand 526-Tehri Garhwal 561.43 43.44 BJP 47.63 INC 44.52

527-Garhwal 503.24 46.62 MAJ. GEN. ( RETD) BJP 51.21 LT. GENERAL ( RETD.) TEJ INC 41.09 BHUWAN CHANDRA PAL SINGH RAWAT KHANDURI (AVSM)

528-Almora 505.22 49.89 BJP 44.68 RENUKA RAWAT INC 42.69

529- 616.63 48.88 K. C. SINGH BABA INC 44.7 VIJAY BANSAL BJP 36.73

530-Hardwar 486.35 53.19 RAJENDRA KUMAR SP 32.35 DR. BHAGWANDASS BSP 24.61

Andaman & Nicobar Islands 531-Andaman & 153.82 63.66 MANORANJAN INC 55.77 BJP 35.95 Nicobar Islands BHAKTA

Chandigarh 532-Chandigarh 268.67 51.14 PAWAN KUMAR INC 52.06 BJP 35.22 BANSAL

Dadra & Nager Haveli 533-Dadra & Nagar 84.7 69.04 DELKAR MOHANBHAI BNP 40.93 GAVLI SITARAM INC 25.7 Haveli SANJIBHAI

Daman & Diu 534-Daman And Diu 55.59 70.16 PATEL DAHYABHAI INC 49.51 GOPAL K. TANDEL BJP 48.42 VALLABHBHAI

Delhi 535-New Delhi 202.56 44.59 AJAY MAKAN INC 52.04 BJP 45.73

536-South Delhi 478.88 47.01 VIJAY KUMAR BJP 50.25 R. K. ANAND INC 46.91 MALHOTRA

537-Outer Delhi 1553.85 46.13 SAJJAN KUMAR INC 55.06 SAHIB SINGH BJP 40.66

538-East Delhi 1190.81 45.69 SANDEEP DIKSHIT INC 56.22 LAL BIHARI TIWARI BJP 36.93

539-Chandni Chowk 179 53.05 INC 71.17 SMRITI Z. IRAANI BJP 26.8

540-Delhi Sadar 271.54 57.56 INC 51.58 BJP 45.7

541-Karol Bagh 249.18 49.32 INC 55.62 ANITA ARYA BJP 40.52

Lakshadweep 542-Lakshadweep( 31.82 81.52 DR. P. JD(U) 49.02 P. M. SAYEED INC 48.79 POOKUNHIKOYA

Pondicherry 543-Pondicherry 483.82 76.07 RAMADASS. M. PMK 49.95 LALITHA BJP 35.65 KUMARAMANGALAM

65 CLOSE CONTESTS IN 2004 – VICTORY MARGIN LESS THAN 5000 VOTES

Constituency Candidate Name Winner Party Votes % of Votes Runner-Up Margin Name Secured/ Votes Polled 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Andhra Pradesh 1-Hindupur NIZAMODDIN INDIAN NATIONAL 419744 48.35 TELUGU 1840 CONGRESS DESAM Bihar 2-Katihar NIKHIL KUMAR BHARATIYA JANATA 288922 41.01 NATIONALIST 2565 CHOUDHARY PARTY CONGRESS PARTY 3-Banka GIRIDHARI YADAV RASHTRIYA JANATA 339880 47.61 JANATA DAL 4669 DAL (UNITED) Gujarat 4-Amreli VIRJIBHAI THUMMAR INDIAN NATIONAL 220649 46.39 BHARATIYA 2030 CONGRESS JANATA PARTY 5-Dohad KATARA BABUBHAI BHARATIYA JANATA 228154 44.06 INDIAN 361 KHIMABHAI PARTY NATIONAL CONGRESS Himachal Pradesh 6-Hamirpur SURESH CHANDEL BHARATIYA JANATA 313243 47.89 INDIAN 1615 PARTY NATIONAL CONGRESS Karnataka 7-Raichur A.VENKATESH NAIK INDIAN NATIONAL 289424 35.08 JANATA DAL 508 CONGRESS (SECULAR) 8-Tumkur S. MALLIKARJUNAIAH BHARATIYA JANATA 303016 35.08 JANATA DAL 2351 PARTY (SECULAR) Kerala 9-Muvattupuzha P. C. THOMAS INDIAN FEDERAL 256411 34.38 COMMUNIST 529 (PULLOLIL) DEMOCRATIC PARTY PARTY OF INDIA (MARXIST) 10-Alleppey DR. K. S. MANOJ COMMUNIST PARTY 335494 45.95 INDIAN 1009 OF INDIA (MARXIST) NATIONAL CONGRESS Maharashtra 11-Malegaon HARISCHANDRA BHARATIYA JANATA 218259 36.94 JANATA DAL 4528 DEVRAM CHAVAN PARTY (SECULAR) 12-Bhandara PATLE SHISHUPAL BHARATIYA JANATA 277388 40.76 NATIONALIST 3009 NATTHU PARTY CONGRESS PARTY 13-Wardha WAGMARE SURESH BHARATIYA JANATA 269045 42.97 INDIAN 3188 GANAPAT PARTY NATIONAL CONGRESS 14-Osmanabad NARHIRE KALPANA SHIVSENA 294436 46.15 NATIONALIST 1649 RAMESH CONGRESS PARTY 15-Satara LAXMANRAO NATIONALIST 281577 41.71 SHIVSENA 3957 PANDURANG JADHAV CONGRESS PARTY (PATIL)

66 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Uttar Pradesh 16-Mohanlalganj JAI PRAKASH SAMAJWADI PARTY 148578 25.98 BAHUJAN 2568 SAMAJ PARTY 17-Chandauli KAILASH NATH SINGH BAHUJAN SAMAJ 204625 29.05 SAMAJWADI 1669 YADAV PARTY PARTY 18-Chail SHAILENDRA KUMAR SAMAJWADI PARTY 196206 35.33 BAHUJAN 630 SAMAJ PARTY 19-Farrukhabad CHANDRA BHUSHAN SAMAJWADI PARTY 176129 26.47 INDIAN 2745 SINGH (MUNNOO NATIONAL CONGRESS BABU) 20-Aligarh BIJENDRA SINGH INDIAN NATIONAL 167142 26.38 BHARATIYA 2791 CONGRESS JANATA PARTY Jharkhand 21-Rajmahal HEMLAL MURMU JHARKHAND MUKTI 226411 32.76 INDIAN 2974 MORCHA NATIONAL CONGRESS Daman & Diu 22-Daman And PATEL DAHYABHAI INDIAN NATIONAL 27523 49.51 BHARATIYA 607 Diu VALLABHBHAI CONGRESS JANATA PARTY

Lakshadweep 23-Lakshadweep(ST) DR. P. POOKUNHIKOYA JANATA DAL (UNITED) 15597 49.02 INDIAN 71 NATIONAL CONGRESS

The polling personnel carrying polling materials on elephant-back for the first phase of General Elections 2004 for the polling booth Nos. 137 and 138 located at Assam-Meghalaya border of Kamrup district of Assam on April 19, 2004.

67 PERFORMANCE OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN 2004 AND 1999 ELECTIONS

GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2004 Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won %age Votes polled %age of of seats by Party votes won polled

National Parties 364 138 37.91 86371561 22.16 Bahujan Samaj Party 435 19 4.37 20765229 5.33 Communist Party of India 34 10 29.41 5484111 1.41 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 69 43 62.32 22070614 5.66 Indian National Congress 417 145 34.77 103408949 26.53 Nationalist Congress Party 32 9 28.12 7023175 1.8 National Parties Total 1351 364 26.94 245123639 62.89 State Parties Arunachal Congress 1 0 0 76527 0.02 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 33 0 0 8547014 2.19 Asom Gana Parishad 12 2 16.67 2069600 0.53 All India Forward Bloc 10 3 30 1365055 0.35 All India Trinamool Congress 33 2 6.06 8071867 2.07 Biju Janata Dal 12 11 91.67 5082849 1.3 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 65 0 0 1281688 0.33 (Liberation) Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 16 16 100 7064393 1.81 Federal Party of Manipur 1 0 0 88179 0.02 Indian National Lok Dal 20 0 0 1936703 0.5 Janata Dal (Secular) 43 3 6.98 5732296 1.47 Janata Dal (United) 73 8 10.96 9144963 2.35 Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 6 2 33.33 493067 0.13 Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party 7 0 0 70078 0.02 Jammu & Kashmir Peoples Democratic 3 1 33.33 267457 0.07 Party Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 9 5 55.56 1846843 0.47 Kerala Congress 1 1 100 353905 0.09 Kerala Congress (M) 1 0 0 209880 0.05 Maharashtrawadi Gomantak 2 0 0 7584 0 Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 4 4 100 1679870 0.43 Mizo National Front 1 1 100 182864 0.05 Manipur People’s Party 1 0 0 77055 0.02 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 10 1 10 770098 0.2 Nagaland Peoples Front 3 1 33.33 715366 0.18

68 Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won %age Votes polled %age of of seats by Party votes won polled

Pattali Makkal Katchi 6 6 100 2169020 0.56 Rashtriya Janata Dal 42 24 57.14 9384147 2.41 Rashtriya Lok Dal 32 3 9.38 2463607 0.63 Revolutionary Socialist Party 6 3 50 1689794 0.43 Shiromani Akali Dal 10 8 80 3506681 0.9 Shiromani Akali Dal (Simranjit Singh Mann) 6 0 0 387682 0.1 Sikkim Democratic Front 1 1 100 153409 0.04 Shivsena 56 12 21.43 7056255 1.81 Samajwadi Party 237 36 15.19 16824072 4.32 Telugu Desam 33 5 15.15 11844811 3.04 United Goans Democratic Party 1 0 0 5881 0 Uttarakhand Kranti Dal 4 0 0 43899 0.01 State Parties Total 801 159 19.85 112664459 28.90 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 898 15 1.67 15441786 3.96 INDEPENDENTS 2385 5 0.21 16549900 4.25 Total 5435 543 9.99 389779784

GENERAL ELECTIONS - 1999 Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won %age Votes %age of of seats polled by votes won Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 339 182 53.69 86562209 23.75 Bahujan Samaj Party 225 14 6.22 15175845 4.16 Communist Party of India 54 4 7.41 5395119 1.48 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 72 33 45.83 19695767 5.4 Indian National Congress 453 114 25.17 103120330 28.3 Janata Dal (Secular) 96 1 1.04 3332702 0.91 Janata Dal (United) 60 21 35 11282084 3.1 National Parties Total 1299 369 28.41 244564056 67.11 State Parties Arunachal Congress 1 0 0 70760 0.02 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 29 10 34.48 7046953 1.93 Asom Gana Parishad 8 0 0 1182061 0.32 All India Trinamool Congress 29 8 27.59 9363785 2.57 Biju Janata Dal 12 10 83.33 4378536 1.2 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 19 12 63.16 6298832 1.73 All India Forward Bloc 15 2 13.33 1288060 0.35 Federal Party of Manipur 2 0 0 30039 0.01 Hill State People’s Democratic Party 1 0 0 40301 0.01 Himachal Vikas Congress 1 1 100 264002 0.07

69 Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won %age Votes polled %age of of seats by Party votes won polled

Haryana Vikas Party 2 0 0 188731 0.05 Indian National Lok Dal 5 5 100 2002700 0.55 Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 6 4 66.67 454481 0.12 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 23 0 0 974609 0.27 Janata Party 26 0 0 167649 0.05 Kerala Congress 1 1 100 365313 0.1 Kerala Congress (M) 1 1 100 357402 0.1 10 0 0 40997 0.01 Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 5 4 80 1620527 0.44 Manipur People’s Party 1 0 0 145192 0.04 Manipur State Congress Party 2 1 50 222417 0.06 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 12 2 16.67 833562 0.23 Nationalist Congress Party 132 8 6.06 8260311 2.27 NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi) 13 0 0 61635 0.02 People’s Democratic Movement 1 0 0 33164 0.01 Pattali Makkal Katchi 8 5 62.5 2377741 0.65 Rashtriya Janata Dal 61 7 11.48 10150492 2.79 Republican Party of India 14 0 0 505664 0.14 Revolutionary Socialist Party 5 3 60 1500817 0.41 Shiromani Akali Dal 9 2 22.22 2502949 0.69 Sikkim Democratic Front 1 1 100 107828 0.03 Shivsena 63 15 23.81 5672412 1.56 Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) 14 1 7.14 297337 0.08 Samajwadi Party 151 26 17.22 13717021 3.76 Sikkim Sangram Parishad 1 0 0 86466 0.02 Telugu Desam 34 29 85.29 13297370 3.65 (Moopanar) 28 0 0 2058636 0.56 United Democratic Party 1 0 0 107197 0.03 United Goans Democratic Party 1 0 0 11153 0 United Minorities Front, Assam 2 0 0 53661 0.01 State Parties Total 750 158 21.07 98138763 26.93 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 654 10 1.53 11738089 3.22 INDEPENDENTS 1945 6 0.31 9996386 2.74 Total 4648 543 11.68 364437294

70 PERFORMANCE OF POLITICAL PARTIES STATE-WISE IN 2004 & 1999 GENERAL ELECTIONS

Andhra Pradesh-2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Won Won % Votes %age of Contested polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 9 0 0 3006018 8.41 Bahujan Samaj Party 26 0 0 507381 1.42 Communist Party of India 1 1 100 479511 1.34 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 1 100 373148 1.04 Indian National Congress 34 29 85.29 14861984 41.56 National Parties Total 71 31 43.66 19228042 53.77 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 9458 0.03 (Liberation) Muslim League Kerala State Committee 2 0 0 16313 0.05 Rashtriya Janata Dal 2 0 0 7260 0.02 Samajwadi Party 2 0 0 41770 0.12 Telugu Desam 33 5 15.15 11844811 33.12 State Parties Total 40 5 12.5 11919612 33.33 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 54 6 11.11 3131601 8.76 INDEPENDENTS 114 0 0 1483415 4.15 Total 279 42 15.05 35762670

Andhra Pradesh -1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 8 7 87.5 3303772 9.90 Communist Party of India 6 0 0 443775 1.33 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 7 0 0 467959 1.40 Indian National Congress 42 5 11.9 14278099 42.79 Janata Dal (Secular) 4 0 0 17793 0.05 National Parties Total 67 12 17.91 18511398 55.48 State Parties Nationalist Congress Party 4 0 0 10859 0.03

71 NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi) 13 0 0 61635 0.18 Rashtriya Janata Dal 1 0 0 1124 0 Republican Party of India 1 0 0 1919 0.01 Samajwadi Party 3 0 0 16469 0.05 Telugu Desam 34 29 85.29 13297370 39.85 State Parties Total 56 29 51.79 13389376 40.13 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 60 1 1.67 993515 2.98 INDEPENDENTS 102 0 0 471195 1.41 Total 285 42 14.74 33365484

Arunachal Pradesh-2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 2 2 100 207286 53.85 Indian National Congress 1 0 0 38341 9.96 National Parties Total 3 2 66.67 245627 63.81 State Parties Arunachal Congress 1 0 0 76527 19.88 All India Trinamool Congress 1 0 0 6241 1.62 Samajwadi Party 1 0 0 4901 1.27 State Parties Total 3 0 0 87669 22.78 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 1 0 0 4896 1.27 INDEPENDENTS 6 0 0 46736 12.14 Total 13 2 15.38 384928

Arunachal Pradesh-1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 69389 16.3 Indian National Congress 2 2 100 242275 56.92 National Parties Total 3 2 66.67 311664 73.22 State Parties Arunachal Congress 1 0 0 70760 16.62 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 33076 7.77 State Parties Total 2 0 0 103836 24.39 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 1 0 0 10163 2.39 Total 6 2 33.33 425663

72 Assam -2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 12 2 16.67 2379524 22.94 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 172332 1.66 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 0 0 68627 0.66 Indian National Congress 14 9 64.29 3637405 35.07 National Parties Total 29 11 37.93 6257888 60.33 State Parties Asom Gana Parishad 12 2 16.67 2069600 19.95 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 3 0 0 108837 1.05 (Liberation) Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 125966 1.21 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 1 0 0 3533 0.03 Revolutionary Socialist Party 1 0 0 11757 0.11 Samajwadi Party 4 0 0 109088 1.05 State Parties Total 22 2 9.09 2428781 23.42 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 18 0 0 294482 2.84 INDEPENDENTS 47 1 2.13 1390938 13.41 Total 116 14 12.07 10372089

Assam – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 12 2 16.67 2958058 29.84 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 57735 0.58 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 0 0 175522 1.77 Indian National Congress 14 10 71.43 3808472 38.42 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 1287 0.01 National Parties Total 30 12 40 7001074 70.63 State Parties Asom Gana Parishad 8 0 0 1182061 11.92 Nationalist Congress Party 8 0 0 52385 0.53 Rashtriya Janata Dal 2 0 0 2700 0.03 Shivsena 1 0 0 1276 0.01 Samajwadi Party 6 0 0 19842 0.2 United Minorities Front, Assam 2 0 0 53661 0.54 State Parties Total 27 0 0 1311925 13.24 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 14 1 7.14 671249 6.77 INDEPENDENTS 44 1 2.27 928219 9.36 Total 115 14 12.17 9912467

73 Bihar- 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 16 5 31.25 4272195 14.57 Bahujan Samaj Party 40 0 0 1050484 3.58 Communist Party of India 6 0 0 343926 1.17 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 227298 0.77 Indian National Congress 4 3 75 1315935 4.49 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 286357 0.98 National Parties Total 68 8 11.76 7496195 25.56 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 21 0 0 705783 2.41 (Liberation) Janata Dal (Secular) 2 0 0 5559 0.02 Janata Dal (United) 24 6 25 6558538 22.36 Rashtriya Janata Dal 26 22 84.62 8994821 30.67 Rashtriya Lok Dal 6 0 0 21801 0.07 Shivsena 7 0 0 23124 0.08 Samajwadi Party 32 0 0 684200 2.33 State Parties Total 118 28 23.73 16993826 57.94 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 76 4 5.26 2907868 9.91 INDEPENDENTS 200 0 0 1931555 6.59 Total 462 40 8.66 29329444

Bihar – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won Votes %age of % polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 29 23 79.31 8204850 23.01 Bahujan Samaj Party 30 0 0 338049 0.95 Communist Party of India 9 0 0 959705 2.69 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 1 50 350958 0.98 Indian National Congress 16 4 25 3142603 8.81 Janata Dal (Secular) 13 0 0 50023 0.14 Janata Dal (United) 23 18 78.26 7405701 20.77 National Parties Total 122 46 37.7 20451889 57.36

74 State Parties All India Forward Bloc 3 0 0 9640 0.03 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 13 0 0 727510 2.04 Janata Party 9 0 0 25475 0.07 Lok Shakti 2 0 0 18619 0.05 Nationalist Congress Party 19 0 0 476004 1.34 Rashtriya Janata Dal 36 7 19.44 10085302 28.29 Revolutionary Socialist Party 1 0 0 164 0 Shivsena 4 0 0 9188 0.03 Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) 6 0 0 23534 0.07 United Goans Democratic Party 1 0 0 11153 0.03 State Parties Total 94 7 7.45 11386589 31.94 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 94 0 0 2331468 6.54 INDEPENDENTS 187 1 0.53 1482483 4.16 Total 497 54 10.87 35652429

Goa - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 2 1 50 258750 46.83 Communist Party of India 2 0 0 12015 2.17 Indian National Congress 1 1 100 164432 29.76 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 88629 16.04 National Parties Total 6 2 33.33 523826 94.81 State Parties Maharashtrawadi Gomantak 2 0 0 7584 1.37 Shivsena 2 0 0 6244 1.13 United Goans Democratic Party 1 0 0 5881 1.06 State Parties Total 5 0 0 19709 3.57 INDEPENDENTS 5 0 0 8962 1.62 Total 16 2 12.5 552497

75 Goa – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won Votes %age of % polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 2 2 100 211022 51.49 Communist Party of India 2 0 0 11991 2.93 Indian National Congress 2 0 0 159844 39.01 National Parties Total 6 2 33.33 382857 93.43 State Parties Nationalist Congress Party 2 0 0 15517 3.79 Shivsena 2 0 0 3227 0.79 State Parties Total 4 0 0 18744 4.57 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 2059 0.5 INDEPENDENTS 4 0 0 6134 1.5 Total 16 2 12.5 409794

Gujarat – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 26 14 53.85 7204915 47.37 Bahujan Samaj Party 20 0 0 225637 1.48 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 16301 0.11 Indian National Congress 25 12 48 6671926 43.86 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 176634 1.16 National Parties Total 73 26 35.62 14295413 93.98 State Parties Janata Dal (United) 4 0 0 130403 0.86 Samajwadi Party 11 0 0 80352 0.53 State Parties Total 15 0 0 210755 1.39 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 9 0 0 179681 1.18 INDEPENDENTS 65 0 0 525055 3.45 Total 162 26 16.05 15210904

76 Gujarat- 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 26 20 76.92 7145614 52.48 Bahujan Samaj Party 4 0 0 9752 0.07 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 5957 0.04 Indian National Congress 26 6 23.08 6187113 45.44 Janata Dal (Secular) 3 0 0 7657 0.06 Janata Dal (United) 9 0 0 53957 0.4 National Parties Total 69 26 37.68 13410050 98.49 State Parties Nationalist Congress Party 7 0 0 71015 0.52 Republican Party of India 3 0 0 5987 0.04 Shivsena 6 0 0 12954 0.1 Samajwadi Party 7 0 0 17975 0.13 State Parties Total 23 0 0 107931 0.79 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 5 0 0 5565 0.04 INDEPENDENTS 62 0 0 91476 0.67 Total 159 26 16.35 13615022

Haryana - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 10 1 10 1393106 17.21 Bahujan Samaj Party 10 0 0 403254 4.98 Indian National Congress 10 9 90 3409950 42.13 National Parties Total 30 10 33.33 5206310 64.33 State Parties All India Forward Bloc 1 0 0 2637 0.03 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 2487 0.03 (Liberation) Indian National Lok Dal 10 0 0 1815683 22.43 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 1346 0.02 Rashtriya Lok Dal 1 0 0 1849 0.02 Shivsena 2 0 0 5235 0.06 Samajwadi Party 6 0 0 137050 1.69 State Parties Total 22 0 0 1966287 24.3

77 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 32 0 0 671368 8.3 INDEPENDENTS 76 0 0 249413 3.08 Total 160 10 6.25 8093378

Haryana – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 5 5 100 2036797 29.21 Bahujan Samaj Party 3 0 0 136330 1.96 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 10511 0.15 Indian National Congress 10 0 0 2435752 34.93 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 1124 0.02 National Parties Total 20 5 25 4620514 66.26 State Parties Haryana Vikas Party 2 0 0 188731 2.71 Indian National Lok Dal 5 5 100 2002700 28.72 Nationalist Congress Party 2 0 0 3940 0.06 Republican Party of India 1 0 0 5176 0.07 Samajwadi Party 7 0 0 29393 0.42 State Parties Total 17 5 29.41 2229940 31.98 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 3 0 0 10064 0.14 INDEPENDENTS 74 0 0 112521 1.61 Total 114 10 8.77 6973039

Himachal Pradesh – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 4 1 25 1104066 44.24 Bahujan Samaj Party 4 00 0 43475 1.74 Indian National Congress 4 3 75 1294988 51.89 National Parties Total 12 4 33.33 2442529 97.88 State Parties Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 4453 0.18 Samajwadi Party 1 0 0 7092 0.28 State Parties Total 2 0 0 11545 0.46 INDEPENDENTS 9 0 0 41412 1.66 Total 23 4 17.39 2495486

78 Himachal Pradesh - 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 3 3 100 987167 46.27 Bahujan Samaj Party 1 0 0 6512 0.31 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 9720 0.46 Indian National Congress 4 0 0 843225 39.52 Janata Dal (Secular) 2 0 0 4100 0.19 National Parties Total 11 3 27.27 1850724 86.74 State Parties Himachal Vikas Congress 1 1 100 264002 12.37 Nationalist Congress Party 3 0 0 6711 0.31 Samajwadi Party 1 0 0 1991 0.09 State Parties Total 5 1 20 272704 12.78 INDEPENDENTS 6 0 0 10276 0.48 Total 22 4 18.18 2133704

Jammu & Kashmir – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 6 0 0 515965 23.04 Bahujan Samaj Party 3 0 0 49754 2.22 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 18466 0.82 Indian National Congress 3 2 66.67 623182 27.83 National Parties Total 13 2 15.38 1207367 53.92 State Parties All India Forward Bloc 4 0 0 5457 0.24 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 1616 0.07 Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 6 2 33.33 493067 22.02 Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party 4 0 0 67619 3.02 Jammu & Kashmir Peoples Democratic 3 1 33.33 267457 11.94 Party Rashtriya Lok Dal 1 0 0 1115 0.05 Samajwadi Party 2 0 0 5883 0.26 State Parties Total 21 3 14.29 842214 37.61 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 12 0 0 24409 1.09 INDEPENDENTS 37 1 2.7 165352 7.38 Total 83 6 7.23 2239342

79 Jammu & Kashmir – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 6 2 33.33 495715 31.56 Bahujan Samaj Party 2 0 0 75943 4.84 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 15649 1 Indian National Congress 5 0 0 280065 17.83 Janata Dal (Secular) 5 0 0 14421 0.92 Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 2193 0.14 National Parties Total 20 2 10 883986 56.28 State Parties Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 6 4 66.67 454481 28.94 Janata Party 4 0 0 12666 0.81 Lok Shakti 1 0 0 133 0.01 Nationalist Congress Party 2 0 0 4587 0.29 Rashtriya Janata Dal 3 0 0 2965 0.19 Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) 4 0 0 10274 0.65 State Parties Total 20 4 20 485106 30.89 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 15 0 0 50243 3.2 INDEPENDENTS 28 0 0 151229 9.63 Total 83 6 7.23 1570564

Karnataka - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 24 18 75 8732783 34.77 Bahujan Samaj Party 9 0 0 305435 1.22 Indian National Congress 28 8 28.57 9247605 36.82 National Parties Total 61 26 42.62 18285823 72.81 State Parties All India Forward Bloc 1 0 0 3900 0.02 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 12413 0.05 (Liberation) Janata Dal (Secular) 28 2 7.14 5135205 20.45 Janata Dal (United) 4 0 0 468682 1.87 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 1 0 0 4268 0.02 Rashtriya Janata Dal 1 0 0 14388 0.06

80 Shivsena 1 0 0 27853 0.11 Samajwadi Party 3 0 0 19027 0.08 State Parties Total 40 2 5 5685736 22.64 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 31 0 0 554983 2.21 INDEPENDENTS 40 0 0 588117 2.34 Total 172 28 16.28 25114659

Karnataka – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 19 7 36.84 6077020 27.19 Bahujan Samaj Party 6 0 0 144970 0.65 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 17434 0.08 Indian National Congress 28 18 64.29 10150765 45.41 Janata Dal (Secular) 27 0 0 2425538 10.85 Janata Dal (United) 10 3 30 2967576 13.28 National Parties Total 91 28 30.77 21783303 97.45 State Parties All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 5 0 0 54950 0.25 Nationalist Congress Party 2 0 0 22346 0.1 Samajwadi Party 1 0 0 4707 0.02 State Parties Total 8 0 0 82003 0.37 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 5 0 0 84000 0.38 INDEPENDENTS 26 0 0 404368 1.81 Total 130 28 21.54 22353674

Kerala – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 19 0 0 1566569 10.38 Bahujan Samaj Party 14 0 0 74656 0.49 Communist Party of India 4 3 75 1190526 7.89 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 13 12 92.31 4754567 31.52 Indian National Congress 17 0 0 4846637 32.13 National Parties Total 67 15 22.39 12432955 82.41 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 3270 0.02 (Liberation) Janata Dal (Secular) 1 1 100 340111 2.25

81 Janata Dal (United) 4 0 0 7806 0.05 Kerala Congress 1 1 100 353905 2.35 Kerala Congress (M) 1 0 0 209880 1.39 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 2 1 50 733228 4.86 Rashtriya Lok Dal 1 0 0 3485 0.02 State Parties Total 11 3 27.27 1651685 10.95 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 4 1 25 307276 2.04 INDEPENDENTS 95 1 1.05 694512 4.6 Total 177 20 11.3 15086428

Kerala – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 14 0 0 1008047 6.56 Bahujan Samaj Party 5 0 0 14331 0.09 Communist Party of India 4 0 0 1164157 7.57 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 12 8 66.67 4290986 27.9 Indian National Congress 17 8 47.06 6051905 39.35 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 333023 2.17 Janata Dal (United) 5 0 0 206950 1.35 National Parties Total 58 16 27.59 13069399 84.99 State Parties Kerala Congress 1 1 100 365313 2.38 Kerala Congress (M) 1 1 100 357402 2.32 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 2 2 100 810135 5.27 Rashtriya Janata Dal 3 0 0 5655 0.04 Shivsena 2 0 0 4700 0.03 State Parties Total 9 4 44.44 1543205 10.04 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 33345 0.22 INDEPENDENTS 73 0 0 732027 4.76 Total 142 20 14.08 15377976

82 Madhya Pradesh- 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 29 25 86.21 8884913 48.13 Bahujan Samaj Party 28 0 0 876871 4.75 Communist Party of India 2 0 0 43462 0.24 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 9936 0.05 Indian National Congress 29 4 13.79 6289013 34.07 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 24570 0.13 National Parties Total 90 29 32.22 16128765 87.38 State Parties Janata Dal (Secular) 2 0 0 7074 0.04 Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 18334 0.1 Rashtriya Lok Dal 3 0 0 21323 0.12 Samajwadi Party 29 0 0 590090 3.2 State Parties Total 35 0 0 636821 3.45 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 45 0 0 951456 5.15 INDEPENDENTS 124 0 0 742198 4.02 Total 294 29 9.86 18459240

Madhya Pradesh – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 40 29 72.5 11811850 46.58 Bahujan Samaj Party 27 0 0 1326558 5.23 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 58906 0.23 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 11985 0.05 Indian National Congress 40 11 27.5 11135161 43.91 Janata Dal (Secular) 4 0 0 18073 0.07 Janata Dal (United) 2 0 0 5561 0.02 National Parties Total 115 40 34.78 24368094 96.1 State Parties Janata Party 2 0 0 72611 0.29 Nationalist Congress Party 10 0 0 45456 0.18 Rashtriya Janata Dal 3 0 0 3842 0.02 Republican Party of India 2 0 0 2467 0.01 Shivsena 2 0 0 2213 0.01

83 Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) 2 0 0 13908 0.05 Samajwadi Party 20 0 0 346848 1.37 State Parties Total 41 0 0 487345 1.92 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 72 0 0 228134 0.9 INDEPENDENTS 116 0 0 273286 1.08 Total 344 40 11.63 25356859

Maharashtra - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 26 13 50 7745290 22.61 Bahujan Samaj Party 46 0 0 1046234 3.05 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 17831 0.05 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 3 0 0 246349 0.72 Indian National Congress 26 13 50 8143246 23.77 Nationalist Congress Party 18 9 50 6271036 18.31 National Parties Total 120 35 29.17 23469986 68.52 State Parties Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 213731 0.62 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 1 0 0 1921 0.01 Rashtriya Lok Dal 2 0 0 7628 0.02 Shivsena 22 12 54.55 6888306 20.11 Samajwadi Party 14 0 0 269121 0.79 State Parties Total 40 12 30 7380707 21.55 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 101 1 0.99 2068757 6.04 INDEPENDENTS 151 0 0 1333828 3.89 Total 412 48 11.65 34253278

Maharashtra – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 26 13 50 6995634 21.18 Bahujan Samaj Party 16 0 0 105698 0.32 Communist Party of India 2 0 0 20861 0.06 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 3 0 0 172226 0.52 Indian National Congress 42 10 23.81 9812144 29.71

84 Janata Dal (Secular) 2 1 50 300316 0.91 National Parties Total 91 24 26.37 17406879 52.7 State Parties Nationalist Congress Party 38 6 15.79 7126760 21.58 Rashtriya Janata Dal 1 0 0 8290 0.03 Republican Party of India 2 0 0 476825 1.44 Shivsena 22 15 68.18 5567484 16.86 Samajwadi Party 2 0 0 116415 0.35 State Parties Total 65 21 32.31 13295774 40.25 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 27 2 7.41 1247568 3.78 INDEPENDENTS 78 1 1.28 1081381 3.27 Total 261 48 18.39 33031602

Manipur- 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 2 0 0 213892 20.65 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 104722 10.11 Indian National Congress 1 1 100 154055 14.88 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 107435 10.37 National Parties Total 5 1 20 580104 56.02 State Parties All India Trinamool Congress 1 0 0 20131 1.94 Federal Party of Manipur 1 0 0 88179 8.52 Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 37455 3.62 Manipur People’s Party 1 0 0 77055 7.44 State Parties Total 4 0 0 222820 21.52 INDEPENDENTS 3 1 33.33 232633 22.46 Total 12 2 16.67 1035557

Manipur – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 9110 1.02 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 35337 3.95 Indian National Congress 2 0 0 226047 25.29

85 Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 28507 3.19 National Parties Total 5 0 0 299001 33.46 State Parties Federal Party of Manipur 2 0 0 30039 3.36 Manipur People’s Party 1 0 0 145192 16.25 Manipur State Congress Party 2 1 50 222417 24.89 Nationalist Congress Party 1 1 100 120559 13.49 Rashtriya Janata Dal 1 0 0 15645 1.75 State Parties Total 7 2 28.57 533852 59.74 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 1540 0.17 INDEPENDENTS 4 0 0 59255 6.63 Total 18 2 11.11 893648

Meghalaya - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 58560 8.63 Indian National Congress 2 1 50 309233 45.55 National Parties Total 3 1 33.33 367793 54.18 State Parties All India Trinamool Congress 1 1 100 191938 28.27 State Parties Total 1 1 100 191938 28.27 INDEPENDENTS 1 0 0 119162 17.55 Total 5 2 40 678893

Meghalaya – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 2 0 0 61849 9.45 Communist Party of India 2 0 0 4455 0.68 Indian National Congress 2 1 50 214324 32.75 National Parties Total 6 1 16.67 280628 42.89 State Parties Hill State People’s Democratic Party 1 0 0 40301 6.16 Nationalist Congress Party 1 1 100 182883 27.95 People’s Democratic Movement 1 0 0 33164 5.07

86 United Democratic Party 1 0 0 107197 16.38 State Parties Total 4 1 25 363545 55.56 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 5147 0.79 INDEPENDENTS 2 0 0 5010 0.77 Total 14 2 14.29 654330

Mizoram - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties National Parties Total 0 0 0 0 State Parties Mizo National Front 1 1 100 182864 52.46 State Parties Total 1 1 100 182864 52.46 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 1 0 0 6512 1.87 INDEPENDENTS 1 0 0 159170 45.67 Total 3 1 33.33 348546

Mizoram – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties National Parties Total 0 0 0 0 State Parties Lok Shakti 1 0 0 669 0.23 Rashtriya Janata Dal 1 0 0 2132 0.73 State Parties Total 2 0 0 2801 0.96 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 10022 3.43 INDEPENDENTS 3 1 33.33 278963 95.61 Total 7 1 14.29 291786

Nagaland – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Indian National Congress 1 0 0 246109 25.78 National Parties Total 1 0 0 246109 25.78

87 State Parties Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 5149 0.54 Nagaland Peoples Front 1 1 100 698128 73.12 State Parties Total 2 1 50 703277 73.66 INDEPENDENTS 2 0 0 5333 0.56 Total 5 1 20 954719

Nagaland - 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 37156 5.12 Indian National Congress 1 1 100 516119 71.18 National Parties Total 2 1 50 553275 76.31 State Parties Lok Shakti 1 0 0 5763 0.79 State Parties Total 1 0 0 5763 0.79 INDEPENDENTS 2 0 0 166007 22.9 Total 5 1 20 725045

Orissa - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 9 7 77.78 3268296 19.3 Bahujan Samaj Party 12 0 0 372769 2.2 Indian National Congress 21 2 9.52 6845738 40.43 National Parties Total 42 9 21.43 10486803 61.93 State Parties Biju Janata Dal 12 11 91.67 5082849 30.02 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 2 0 0 73785 0.44 (Liberation) Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 4021 0.02 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 1 1 100 260529 1.54 Revolutionary Socialist Party 1 0 0 19250 0.11 Shivsena 1 0 0 7811 0.05 Samajwadi Party 5 0 0 105595 0.62 State Parties Total 23 12 52.17 5553840 32.8

88 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 9 0 0 132266 0.78 INDEPENDENTS 26 0 0 761415 4.5 Total 100 21 21 16934324

Orissa - 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 9 9 100 3268201 24.63 Bahujan Samaj Party 4 0 0 43160 0.33 Communist Party of India 3 0 0 156001 1.18 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 0 0 26344 0.2 Indian National Congress 20 2 10 4901186 36.94 Janata Dal (United) 2 0 0 3902 0.03 National Parties Total 40 11 27.5 8398794 63.3 State Parties Biju Janata Dal 12 10 83.33 4378536 33 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 7 0 0 225226 1.7 Janata Party 1 0 0 2901 0.02 Nationalist Congress Party 3 0 0 17328 0.13 Shivsena 3 0 0 18011 0.14 State Parties Total 26 10 38.46 4642002 34.99 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 16 0 0 53232 0.4 INDEPENDENTS 23 0 0 173693 1.31 Total 105 21 20 13267721

Punjab - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 3 3 100 1071650 10.48 Bahujan Samaj Party 13 0 0 784454 7.67 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 260752 2.55 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 185444 1.81 Indian National Congress 11 2 18.18 3495187 34.17 National Parties Total 29 5 17.24 5797487 56.68

89 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 7505 0.07 (Liberation) Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 1080 0.01 Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party 1 0 0 1833 0.02 Shiromani Akali Dal 10 8 80 3506681 34.28 Shiromani Akali Dal (Simranjit Singh Mann) 6 0 0 387682 3.79 Shivsena 1 0 0 3064 0.03 Samajwadi Party 2 0 0 3350 0.03 State Parties Total 22 8 36.36 3911195 38.24 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 21 0 0 238782 2.33 INDEPENDENTS 70 0 0 281608 2.75 Total 142 13 9.15 10229072

Punjab – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 3 1 33.33 801806 9.16 Bahujan Samaj Party 3 0 0 336375 3.84 Communist Party of India 1 1 100 327484 3.74 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 190824 2.18 Indian National Congress 11 8 72.73 3365176 38.44 Janata Dal (Secular) 2 0 0 2475 0.03 Janata Dal (United) 2 0 0 9079 0.1 National Parties Total 23 10 43.48 5033219 57.49 State Parties All India Forward Bloc 1 0 0 700 0.01 Nationalist Congress Party 3 0 0 7022 0.08 Rashtriya Janata Dal 2 0 0 1770 0.02 Republican Party of India 2 0 0 8776 0.1 Shiromani Akali Dal 9 2 22.22 2502949 28.59 State Parties Total 17 2 11.76 2521217 28.8 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 23 1 4.35 985249 11.25 INDEPENDENTS 57 0 0 214840 2.45 Total 120 13 10.83 8754525

90 Rajasthan – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 25 21 84 8494488 49.01 Bahujan Samaj Party 24 0 0 548297 3.16 Communist Party of India 2 0 0 64347 0.37 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 0 0 89042 0.51 Indian National Congress 25 4 16 7179939 41.42 Nationalist Congress Party 2 0 0 35802 0.21 National Parties Total 80 25 31.25 16411915 94.69 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 2 0 0 28839 0.17 (Liberation) Indian National Lok Dal 5 0 0 90320 0.52 Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 78556 0.45 Rashtriya Lok Dal 2 0 0 2684 0.02 Samajwadi Party 10 0 0 51505 0.3 State Parties Total 20 0 0 251904 1.45 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 16 0 0 197340 1.14 INDEPENDENTS 69 0 0 471289 2.72 Total 185 25 13.51 17332448

Rajasthan - 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 24 16 66.67 7826294 47.23 Bahujan Samaj Party 16 0 0 457196 2.76 Communist Party of India 4 0 0 68878 0.42 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 80491 0.49 Indian National Congress 25 9 36 7475888 45.12 Janata Dal (Secular) 4 0 0 9797 0.06 Janata Dal (United) 2 0 0 264440 1.6 National Parties Total 76 25 32.89 16182984 97.66 State Parties Janata Party 3 0 0 11750 0.07 Lok Shakti 2 0 0 6569 0.04 Nationalist Congress Party 7 0 0 33255 0.2 Rashtriya Janata Dal 2 0 0 8546 0.05

91 Shivsena 2 0 0 1490 0.01 Samajwadi Party 14 0 0 68233 0.41 State Parties Total 30 0 0 129843 0.78 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 15 0 0 33676 0.2 INDEPENDENTS 44 0 0 223674 1.35 Total 165 25 15.15 16570177

Sikkim – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Indian National Congress 1 0 0 60258 27.43 National Parties Total 1 0 0 60258 27.43 State Parties Sikkim Democratic Front 1 1 100 153409 69.84 State Parties Total 1 1 100 153409 69.84 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 5981 2.72 Total 4 1 25 219648

Sikkim – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Indian National Congress 1 0 0 9762 4.76 National Parties Total 1 0 0 9762 4.76 State Parties Sikkim Democratic Front 1 1 100 107828 52.56 Sikkim Sangram Parishad 1 0 0 86466 42.15 State Parties Total 2 1 50 194294 94.72 INDEPENDENTS 1 0 0 1077 0.53 Total 4 1 25 205133

92 Tamil Nadu – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 6 0 0 1455899 5.07 Bahujan Samaj Party 30 0 0 167619 0.58 Communist Party of India 2 2 100 852981 2.97 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 2 100 824524 2.87 Indian National Congress 10 10 100 4134255 14.4 National Parties Total 50 14 28 7435278 25.89 State Parties All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 33 0 0 8547014 29.77 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 3 0 0 6886 0.02 (Liberation) Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 16 16 100 7064393 24.6 Janata Dal (United) 20 0 0 884293 3.08 Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 4 4 100 1679870 5.85 Pattali Makkal Katchi 5 5 100 1927367 6.71 Rashtriya Lok Dal 3 0 0 3985 0.01 Shivsena 2 0 0 5154 0.02 Samajwadi Party 4 0 0 6645 0.02 State Parties Total 90 25 27.78 20125607 70.09 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 40 0 0 205692 0.72 INDEPENDENTS 391 0 0 947938 3.3 Total 571 39 6.83 28714515

Tamil Nadu – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 6 4 66.67 1945286 7.14 Communist Party of India 2 0 0 695762 2.56 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 1 50 639516 2.35 Indian National Congress 11 2 18.18 3022107 11.1 Janata Dal (Secular) 3 0 0 41096 0.15 National Parties Total 24 7 29.17 6343767 23.3 State Parties All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 24 10 41.67 6992003 25.68

93 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 19 12 63.16 6298832 23.13 All India Forward Bloc 8 0 0 61809 0.23 Janata Party 1 0 0 20489 0.08 Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 5 4 80 1620527 5.95 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 1814 0.01 Pattali Makkal Katchi 7 5 71.43 2236821 8.21 Rashtriya Janata Dal 3 0 0 8062 0.03 Shivsena 1 0 0 450 0 Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) 27 0 0 1946899 7.15 State Parties Total 96 31 32.29 19187706 70.46 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 44 1 2.27 1359858 4.99 INDEPENDENTS 198 0 0 339948 1.25 Total 362 39 10.77 27231279

Tripura – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 103494 7.82 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 2 100 911073 68.8 Indian National Congress 2 0 0 189134 14.28 National Parties Total 5 2 40 1203701 90.9 State Parties All India Trinamool Congress 1 0 0 67379 5.09 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 6475 0.49 (Liberation) State Parties Total 2 0 0 73854 5.58 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 14861 1.12 INDEPENDENTS 3 0 0 31837 2.4 Total 12 2 16.67 1324253

Tripura- 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 154434 12.82 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 2 100 677487 56.24 Indian National Congress 2 0 0 167173 13.88 National Parties Total 5 2 40 999094 82.94

94 State Parties All India Trinamool Congress 1 0 0 174154 14.46 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 1895 0.16 Rashtriya Janata Dal 1 0 0 949 0.08 State Parties Total 3 0 0 176998 14.69 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 4 0 0 11514 0.96 INDEPENDENTS 5 0 0 16988 1.41 Total 17 2 11.76 1204594

Uttar Pradesh – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 77 10 12.99 11810187 22.17 Bahujan Samaj Party 80 19 23.75 13139200 24.67 Communist Party of India 6 0 0 70888 0.13 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 0 0 10937 0.02 Indian National Congress 73 9 12.33 6412293 12.04 Nationalist Congress Party 4 0 0 18871 0.04 National Parties Total 242 38 15.7 31462376 59.06 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 10 0 0 60945 0.11 (Liberation) Indian National Lok Dal 4 0 0 12938 0.02 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 1724 0 Janata Dal (United) 3 1 33.33 425460 0.8 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 3 0 0 10835 0.02 Rashtriya Janata Dal 10 0 0 38153 0.07 Rashtriya Lok Dal 10 3 30 2391825 4.49 Shivsena 9 0 0 49995 0.09 Samajwadi Party 68 35 51.47 14243280 26.74 State Parties Total 118 39 33.05 17235155 32.35 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 297 2 0.67 2540602 4.77 INDEPENDENTS 481 1 0.21 2031483 3.81 Total 1138 80 7.03 53269616

95 Uttar Pradesh – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 77 29 37.66 15020338 27.64 Bahujan Samaj Party 85 14 16.47 12001923 22.08 Communist Party of India 11 0 0 150516 0.28 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 0 0 13884 0.03 Indian National Congress 76 10 13.16 8001685 14.72 Janata Dal (Secular) 18 0 0 46943 0.09 Janata Dal (United) 2 0 0 321294 0.59 National Parties Total 271 53 19.56 35556583 65.42 State Parties Janata Party 2 0 0 14214 0.03 Lok Shakti 3 0 0 9244 0.02 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 5 0 0 7851 0.01 Republican Party of India 3 0 0 4514 0.01 Shivsena 15 0 0 29614 0.05 Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) 2 1 50 249621 0.46 Samajwadi Party 84 26 30.95 13078834 24.06 State Parties Total 114 27 23.68 13393892 24.64 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 213 4 1.88 3432771 6.32 INDEPENDENTS 610 1 0.16 1965746 3.62 Total 1208 85 7.04 54348992

West Bengal – 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 13 0 0 2983950 8.06 Bahujan Samaj Party 36 0 0 331319 0.9 Communist Party of India 3 3 100 1484152 4.01 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 32 26 81.25 14271042 38.57 Indian National Congress 37 6 16.22 5385754 14.56 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 9901 0.03 National Parties Total 122 35 28.69 24466118 66.12 State Parties All India Forward Bloc 3 3 100 1352423 3.66 All India Trinamool Congress 29 1 3.45 7786178 21.04

96 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 5 0 0 36726 0.1 (Liberation) Janata Dal (Secular) 3 0 0 15248 0.04 Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 3111 0.01 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 2 0 0 56429 0.15 Revolutionary Socialist Party 4 3 75 1658787 4.48 Shivsena 2 0 0 9462 0.03 Samajwadi Party 15 0 0 108514 0.29 State Parties Total 64 7 10.94 11026878 29.8 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 23 0 0 301267 0.81 INDEPENDENTS 146 0 0 1205970 3.26 Total 355 42 11.83 37000233

West Bengal- 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 13 2 15.38 3928424 11.13 Bahujan Samaj Party 19 0 0 86250 0.24 Communist Party of India 3 3 100 1223879 3.47 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 32 21 65.62 12553991 35.57 Indian National Congress 41 3 7.32 4688932 13.29 Janata Dal (Secular) 4 0 0 5773 0.02 National Parties Total 112 29 25.89 22487249 63.72 State Parties All India Trinamool Congress 28 8 28.57 9189631 26.04 All India Forward Bloc 3 2 66.67 1215911 3.45 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 3 0 0 21873 0.06 Janata Party 4 0 0 7543 0.02 Muslim League Kerala State Committee 5 0 0 15576 0.04 Nationalist Congress Party 10 0 0 19517 0.06 Rashtriya Janata Dal 2 0 0 3510 0.01 Revolutionary Socialist Party 4 3 75 1500653 4.25 Shivsena 1 0 0 7444 0.02 Samajwadi Party 2 0 0 6219 0.02 State Parties Total 62 13 20.97 11987877 33.97 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 13 0 0 151163 0.43 INDEPENDENTS 122 0 0 666676 1.89 Total 309 42 13.59 35292965

97 Chhattisgarh - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 11 10 90.91 3413759 47.78 Bahujan Samaj Party 11 0 0 324122 4.54 Communist Party of India 1 0 0 30608 0.43 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 16479 0.23 Indian National Congress 11 1 9.09 2869260 40.16 National Parties Total 35 11 31.43 6654228 93.13 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 5017 0.07 (Liberation) Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 3089 0.04 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 1 0 0 5909 0.08 Samajwadi Party 10 0 0 78298 1.1 State Parties Total 13 0 0 92313 1.29 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 20 0 0 123021 1.72 INDEPENDENTS 34 0 0 275614 3.86 Total 102 11 10.78 7145176

Jharkhand - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 14 1 7.14 3090365 33.01 Bahujan Samaj Party 14 0 0 219247 2.34 Communist Party of India 1 1 100 356058 3.8 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 37688 0.4 Indian National Congress 9 6 66.67 2007334 21.44 National Parties Total 39 8 20.51 5710692 61 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 8 0 0 202343 2.16 (Liberation) Janata Dal (United) 5 0 0 356106 3.8 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 5 4 80 1523976 16.28 Nagaland Peoples Front 2 0 0 17238 0.18 Rashtriya Janata Dal 2 2 100 328197 3.51

98 Rashtriya Lok Dal 1 0 0 4229 0.05 Shivsena 3 0 0 16948 0.18 Samajwadi Party 10 0 0 63982 0.68 State Parties Total 36 6 16.67 2513019 26.84 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 36 0 0 492955 5.27 INDEPENDENTS 71 0 0 644647 6.89 Total 182 14 7.69 9361313

Uttarakhand - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 5 3 60 1095316 40.98 Bahujan Samaj Party 3 0 0 180885 6.77 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 4360 0.16 Indian National Congress 5 1 20 1024062 38.31 National Parties Total 14 4 28.57 2304623 86.22 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 2 0 0 8112 0.3 (Liberation) Rashtriya Lok Dal 2 0 0 3683 0.14 Shivsena 2 0 0 7071 0.26 Samajwadi Party 5 1 20 212085 7.93 Uttarakhand Kranti Dal 4 0 0 43899 1.64 State Parties Total 15 1 6.67 274850 10.28 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 7 0 0 17304 0.65 INDEPENDENTS 18 0 0 76094 2.85 Total 54 5 9.26 2672871

Andaman & Nicobar Islands - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 55294 35.95 Bahujan Samaj Party 1 0 0 1122 0.73 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 4175 2.71 Indian National Congress 1 1 100 85794 55.77 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 2364 1.54 National Parties Total 5 1 20 148749 96.7 State Parties

99 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 1448 0.94 (Liberation) State Parties Total 1 0 0 1448 0.94 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 989 0.64 INDEPENDENTS 4 0 0 2639 1.72 Total 12 1 8.33 153825

Andaman & Nicobar Islands – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 1 100 76891 52.74 Indian National Congress 1 0 0 62944 43.17 National Parties Total 2 1 50 139835 95.91 State Parties Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 1015 0.7 State Parties Total 1 0 0 1015 0.7 INDEPENDENTS 2 0 0 4941 3.39 Total 5 1 20 145791

Chandigarh - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 94632 35.22 Bahujan Samaj Party 1 0 0 6203 2.31 Indian National Congress 1 1 100 139880 52.06 National Parties Total 3 1 33.33 240715 89.6 State Parties Indian National Lok Dal 1 00 0 17762 6.61 State Parties Total 1 0 0 17762 6.61 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 3 0 0 997 0.37 INDEPENDENTS 10 0 0 9196 3.42 Total 17 1 5.88 268670

100 Chandigarh – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 127475 45.07 Bahujan Samaj Party 1 0 0 7781 2.75 Indian National Congress 1 1 100 132924 47 National Parties Total 3 1 33.33 268180 94.82 State Parties Samajwadi Party 1 0 0 4853 1.72 State Parties Total 1 0 0 4853 1.72 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 2 0 0 883 0.31 INDEPENDENTS 10 0 0 8900 3.15 Total 16 1 6.25 282816

Dadra & Nager Haveli - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 13178 15.56 Bahujan Samaj Party 1 0 0 725 0.86 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 0 0 1158 1.37 Indian National Congress 1 0 0 21772 25.7 Nationalist Congress Party 1 0 0 1576 1.86 National Parties Total 5 0 0 38409 45.35 State Parties Shivsena 1 0 0 5823 6.87 Samajwadi Party 1 0 0 941 1.11 State Parties Total 2 0 0 6764 7.99 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 1 1 100 34665 40.93 INDEPENDENTS 2 0 0 4865 5.74 Total 10 1 10 84703

101 Dadra & Nager Haveli – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 14975 20.83 Indian National Congress 1 0 0 10601 14.74 National Parties Total 2 0 0 25576 35.57 State Parties Shivsena 1 0 0 14029 19.51 State Parties Total 1 0 0 14029 19.51 INDEPENDENTS 2 1 50 32300 44.92 Total 5 1 20 71905

Daman & Diu - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 26916 48.42 Bahujan Samaj Party 1 0 0 1152 2.07 Indian National Congress 1 1 100 27523 49.51 National Parties Total 3 1 33.33 55591 100 State Parties State Parties Total 0 0 0 0 0 Total 3 1 33.33 55591

Daman & Diu – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 21910 43.13 Indian National Congress 1 1 100 25136 49.48 National Parties Total 2 1 50 47046 92.61 State Parties Shivsena 1 0 0 332 0.65 State Parties Total 1 0 0 332 0.65 INDEPENDENTS 1 0 0 3422 6.74 Total 4 1 25 50800

102 Delhi - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won Won % Votes %age of polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 7 1 14.29 1677833 40.67 Bahujan Samaj Party 7 0 0 102269 2.48 Indian National Congress 7 6 85.71 2261199 54.81 National Parties Total 21 7 33.33 4041301 97.95 State Parties All India Forward Bloc 1 0 0 638 0.02 Jammu & Kashmir National Panthers Party 2 0 0 626 0.02 Shivsena 1 0 0 165 0 Samajwadi Party 1 0 0 1074 0.03 State Parties Total 5 0 0 2503 0.06 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 33 0 0 29706 0.72 INDEPENDENTS 70 0 0 52322 1.27 Total 129 7 5.43 4125832

Delhi - 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won % Votes %age of Won polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 7 7 100 1963125 51.75 Bahujan Samaj Party 3 0 0 85017 2.24 Indian National Congress 7 0 0 1591682 41.96 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 52721 1.39 National Parties Total 18 7 38.89 3692545 97.34 State Parties Nationalist Congress Party 6 0 0 6367 0.17 Samajwadi Party 3 0 0 5242 0.14 State Parties Total 9 0 0 11609 0.31 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 18 0 0 25661 0.68 INDEPENDENTS 52 0 0 63673 1.68 Total 97 7 7.22 3793488

103 Lakshadweep - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won % Votes %age of Won polled by votes Party polled National Parties Indian National Congress 1 0 0 15526 48.79 National Parties Total 1 0 0 15526 48.79 State Parties Janata Dal (United) 1 0 100 15597 49.02 Samajwadi Party 1 0 0 229 0.72 State Parties Total 2 1 50 15826 49.74 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 1 0 0 468 1.47 Total 4 1 25 31820

Lakshadweep – 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won % Votes %age of Won polled by votes Party polled National Parties Indian National Congress 1 1 100 16113 53.96 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 0 0 542 1.82 Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 12924 43.28 National Parties Total 3 1 33.33 29579 99.06 State Parties State Parties Total 0 0 0 0 0 INDEPENDENTS 1 0 0 281 0.94 Total 4 1 25 29860

Puducherry - 2004

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won % Votes %age of Won polled by votes Party polled National Parties Bharatiya Janata Party 1 0 0 172472 35.65 Bahujan Samaj Party 1 0 0 2665 0.55 National Parties Total 2 0 0 175137 36.2 State Parties Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 1 0 0 1359 0.28 (Liberation) Janata Dal (United) 1 0 0 27546 5.69

104 Pattali Makkal Katchi 1 1 100 241653 49.95 Rashtriya Janata Dal 1 0 0 1328 0.27 State Parties Total 4 1 25 271886 56.2 REGISTERED (Unrecognised) PARTIES 1 0 0 1601 0.33 INDEPENDENTS 14 0 0 35192 7.27 Total 21 1 4.76 483816

Puducherry - 1999

Name of Party Seats Votes Contested Won % Votes %age of Won polled by votes Party polled National Parties Indian National Congress 1 1 100 165108 37.17 National Parties Total 1 1 100 165108 37.17 State Parties Pattali Makkal Katchi 1 0 0 140920 31.73 Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) 1 0 0 111737 25.16 State Parties Total 2 0 0 252657 56.88 INDEPENDENTS 6 0 0 26397 5.94 Total 9 1 11.11 444162

An elderly lady being carried on a bicycle to a polling station of Nowgong Parliamentary of Assam during General Elections 2004 on April 26, 2004.

105 PERFORMANCE OF PARTIES IN SC CONSTITUENCIES IN 2004

State AIFB BJD BJP BSP CPI CPM DMK INC JD JD LJN MD PMK RJD RLD RPI RSP SAD SHS SP TDP Total (S) (U) SP MK (A) Seats

Andhra 5 1 6 Pradesh Assam 1 1 Bihar 1 1 1 2 2 7 Gujarat 2 2 Haryana 2 2 Himachal 1 1 Pradesh Karnataka 2 1 1 4 Kerala 1 1 2 Madhya 4 4 Pradesh Maha- 1 2 3 rashtra Orissa 3 3 Punjab 3 3 Raja- 4 4 sthan Tamil 1 3 1 1 1 7 Nadu Uttar 3 5 1 1 7 17 Pradesh West 1 5 2 8 Bengal Chhattis 2 2 garh Jhar 1 1 khand Uttar 1 1 anchal Delhi 1 1 Total 1 3 18 5 2 6 3 14 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 3 2 8 1 79

A family of voters going together on a camel cart towards the polling station to cast their votes in Barmer, Rajasthan during the third phase of General Election-2004 on May 5, 2004.

106 PERFORMANCE OF PARTIES IN ST CONSTITUENCIES IN 2004

State BJP BNP CPM INC IND JD(U) JMM MNF RSP State Total Andhra Pradesh 1 1 2 Assam 1 1 2 Gujarat 1 3 4 Madhya Pradesh 4 1 5 Maharashtra 1 3 4 Manipur 1 1 Mizoram 1 1 Orissa 3 1 1 5 Rajasthan 2 1 3 Tripura 1 1 West Bengal 1 1 2 Chhattisgarh 4 4 Jharkhand 3 2 5 Dadra & Nager Haveli 1 1 Lakshadweep 1 1 Total 15 1 3 14 2 1 3 1 1 41

Tribal women displaying their Photo Identity Cards at the polling booth at Koraput in Orissa during the first phase of General Elections-2004 on April 20, 2004.

107 PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN IN 2004 & 1999 ELECTIONS

General Elections-2004

PARTY SEATS %age VALID CONTESTED WON FD* WON FD* VOTES 1. BJP 30 10 3 33.33% 10.00% 6940884 2. BSP 20 1 16 5.00% 80.00% 1081843 3. CPI 2 - 1 - 50.00% 292866 4. CPM 8 5 1 62.50% 12.50% 2730678 5. INC 45 12 5 26.67% 11.11% 11922098 6. NCP 5 2 3 40.00% 60.00% 787051 NATIONAL 110 30 29 27.27% 26.36% 23755420 PARTIES STATE PARTIES 66 14 33 21.21% 50.00% 10241047 REGISTERED 62 1 60 1.61% 96.77% 928616 (Unrecognised) PARTIES INDEPENDENTS 117 - 117 - 100.00% 744908 TOTAL 355 45 239 12.68% 67.32% 35669991

General Elections-1999

PARTY SEATS %age VALID CONTESTED WON FD* WON FD* VOTES 1. BJP 25 15 1 60.00% 4.00% 6868355 2. BSP 11 1 9 9.09% 81.82% 648158 3. CPI 4 1 3 25.00% 75.00% 461068 4. CPM 5 3 2 60.00% 40.00% 1318834 5. INC 51 14 13 27.45% 25.49% 10823461 6. JD(S) 5 0 5 0.00 100.00% 114577 7. JD(U) 3 1 2 33.33% 66.67% 364498 NATIONAL 104 35 35 33.65% 33.65% 20598951 PARTIES STATE PARTIES 55 13 26 23.64% 47.27% 8723560 REGISTERED 47 0 46 - 97.87% 693842 (Unrecognised) PARTIES INDEPENDENTS 78 1 76 1.28% 97.44% 819441 TOTAL 284 49 183 17.25% 64.44% 88152641

*Forefeited Deposit

108 PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN CANDIDATES IN STATES & UTs IN 2004 ELECTIONS

Sl. No. Name of the State/Union Territory Total Seats No. of Women Contestants Elected Forfeited Deposit 1 ANDHRA PRADESH 42 21 3 12 2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 2 0 0 0 3 ASSAM 14 6 0 5 4 BIHAR 40 14 3 9 5 GOA 2 1 0 1 6 GUJARAT 26 11 1 6 7 HARYANA 10 8 1 5 8 HIMACHAL PRADESH 4 2 1 1 9 JAMMU & KASHMIR 6 4 1 3 10 KARNATAKA 28 10 2 6 11 KERALA 20 15 2 10 12 MADHYA PRADESH 29 30 2 23 13 MAHARASHTRA 48 29 5 21 14 MANIPUR 2 1 0 1 15 MEGHALAYA 2 0 0 0 16 MIZORAM 1 0 0 0 17 NAGALAND 1 0 0 0 18 ORISSA 21 9 2 4 19 PUNJAB 13 10 2 4 20 RAJASTHAN 25 17 2 12 21 SIKKIM 1 0 0 0 22 TAMIL NADU 39 23 4 17 23 TRIPURA 2 0 0 0 24 UTTAR PRADESH 80 61 7 37 25 WEST BENGAL 42 34 4 24 26 CHHATTISGARH 11 12 1 10 27 JHARKHAND 14 13 1 9 28 UTTARAkhand 5 5 0 4 29 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS 1 1 0 1 30 CHANDIGARH 1 1 0 1 31 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI 1 1 0 1 32 DAMAN & DIU 1 0 0 0 33 DELHI 7 15 1 12 34 LAKSHADWEEP 1 0 0 0 35 PONDICHERRY 1 1 0 0 Total 543 355 45 239

109 WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN GENERAL ELECTIONS 2004

STATE/UT WOMEN WOMEN POLL % ELECTORS VOTERS WOMEN TOTAL 1. ANDHRA PRADESH 25791224 17384444 67.40% 69.95%

2 . ARUNACHAL PRADESH 332470 183909 55.32% 56.35%

3 . ASSAM 7193283 4701710 65.36% 69.11%

4 . BIHAR 23506264 12134913 51.62% 58.02%

5 . GOA 465320 264934 56.94% 58.77%

6 . GUJARAT 16333302 6543424 40.06% 45.18%

7 . HARYANA 5659926 3554361 62.80% 65.72%

8 . HIMACHAL PRADESH 2053167 1211994 59.03% 59.71%

9 . JAMMU & KASHMIR 2899880 841489 29.02% 35.20%

10 . KARNATAKA 18986838 11962519 63.00% 65.14%

11 . KERALA 10957045 7567329 69.06% 71.45%

12 . MADHYA PRADESH 18361940 7124280 38.80% 48.09%

13 . MAHARASHTRA 30223732 15263748 50.50% 54.38%

14 . MANIPUR 790456 512834 64.88% 67.41%

15 . MEGHALAYA 640720 377125 58.86% 52.69%

16 . MIZORAM 276505 170000 61.48% 63.60%

17 . NAGALAND 494319 446002 90.23% 91.77%

18 . ORISSA 12460298 7929405 63.64% 66.06%

19 . PUNJAB 7963105 4794658 60.21% 61.59%

20 . RAJASTHAN 16563357 7290569 44.02% 49.97%

21 . SIKKIM 136199 102890 75.54% 77.95%

22 . TAMIL NADU 23982970 13642797 56.89% 60.81%

23 . TRIPURA 954854 604452 63.30% 67.08%

110 STATE/UT WOMEN WOMEN POLL % ELECTORS VOTERS 24 . UTTAR PRADESH 50295882 20720447 41.20% 48.16%

25 . WEST BENGAL 22639342 17066370 75.38% 78.04%

26 . CHHATTISGARH 6814700 3100827 45.50% 52.09%

27 . JHARKHAND 7898175 3801786 48.13% 55.69%

28 . UTTARAKHAND 2724433 1197917 43.97% 48.07%

29 . ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS 110143 70284 63.81% 63.66%

30 . CHANDIGARH 235246 117886 50.11% 51.14%

31 . DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI 57622 40904 70.99% 69.04%

32 . DAMAN & DIU 39637 29751 75.06% 70.16%

33. NATIONAL CAPITAL TERRITORY OF DELHI 3809550 1697944 44.57% 47.09%

34 . LAKSHADWEEP 19153 16122 84.17% 81.52%

35 . PONDICHERRY 326009 244202 74.91% 76.07%

TOTAL 321997066 172714226 53.64% 58.07%

A long queue of voters in front of a polling station of Nowgong Parliamentary Constituency of Assam during General Elections 2004 on April 26, 2004.

111 SIZE OF ELECTORATE & VALID VOTES POLLED IN GENERAL ELECTIONS 2004

Sl. Name of the State/Union Total Electors valid %age Percentage No. Territory electors who voted votes of valid of invalid polled votes votes 1 ANDHRA PRADESH 51146342 35776275 35762670 99.96 0.04 2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 684034 385446 384928 99.87 0.13 3 ASSAM 15014874 10377354 10372089 99.95 0.05 4 BIHAR 50559672 29332306 29329444 99.99 0.01 5 GOA 941167 553105 552497 99.89 0.11 6 GUJARAT 33675062 15213501 15210904 99.98 0.02 7 HARYANA 12320557 8097064 8093378 99.95 0.05 8 HIMACHAL PRADESH 4181995 2497149 2495486 99.93 0.07 9 JAMMU & KASHMIR 6368115 2241729 2239342 99.89 0.11 10 KARNATAKA 38592095 25139122 25114659 99.9 0.1 11 KERALA 21125473 15093960 15086428 99.95 0.05 12 MADHYA PRADESH 38390101 18463451 18459240 99.98 0.02 13 MAHARASHTRA 63012208 34263317 34253278 99.97 0.03 14 MANIPUR 1536510 1035696 1035557 99.99 0.01 15 MEGHALAYA 1289374 679321 678893 99.94 0.06 16 MIZORAM 549959 349799 348546 99.64 0.36 17 NAGALAND 1041433 955690 954719 99.9 0.1 18 ORISSA 25651989 16945092 16934324 99.94 0.06 19 PUNJAB 16615399 10233165 10229072 99.96 0.04 20 RAJASTHAN 34712385 17346549 17332448 99.92 0.08 21 SIKKIM 281937 219769 219648 99.94 0.06 22 TAMIL NADU 47252271 28732954 28714515 99.93 0.06 23 TRIPURA 1978222 1327000 1324253 99.79 0.21 24 UTTAR PRADESH 110624490 53278071 53269616 99.98 0.02 25 WEST BENGAL 47437431 37021478 37000233 99.94 0.06 26 CHHATTISGARH 13719442 7146189 7145176 99.99 0.01 27 JHARKHAND 16812339 9363363 9361313 99.98 0.02 28 UTTARAKHAND 5562637 2673832 2672871 99.96 0.04 29 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS 241645 153841 153825 99.99 0.01 30 CHANDIGARH 527684 269849 268670 99.56 0.44 31 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI 122681 84703 84703 100 0 32 DAMAN & DIU 79232 55591 55591 100 0 33 DELHI 8763475 4126443 4125832 99.99 0.01 34 LAKSHADWEEP 39033 31820 31820 100 0 35 PONDICHERRY 636667 484336 483816 99.89 0.11

112 VOTES POLLED BY WINNERS AS PERCENTAGE OF VOTERS IN GENERAL ELECTIONS 2004

Groups No. of Winners Below 20% 00 20% to 30% 16 31% to 40% 95 41% to 50% 214 51% to 60% 176 61% to 70% 36 Above 70% 06 Total 543

VOTES POLLED BY WINNERS AS PERCENTAGE OF ELECTORS IN GENERAL ELECTIONS 2004

Groups No. of Winners Below 10% 02 11% to 20% 93 21% to 30% 220 31% to 40% 186 41% to 50% 36 51% to 60% 04 61% to 70% 02 Above 70% 00 Total 543

113 NUMBER OF POLLING STATIONS IN GENERAL ELECTIONS 1999 AND 2004

Sl. States/Union Number of Polling Stations Number of Polling Stations No. Territory General Elections 1999 General Elections 2004 1 Andhra Pradesh 60,960 56,036 2 Arunachal Pradesh 1,741 1,756 3 Assam 17,653 17,646 4 Bihar 83,170 49,683 5 Chhattisgarh * 0* 15,669 6 Goa 1,135 1,003 7 Gujarat 35,053 36,826 8 Haryana 15,449 12,574 9 Himachal Pradesh 6,230 6,232 10 Jammu & Kashmir 6,513 7,215 11 Jharkhand * 0* 17,061 12 Karnataka 44,497 39,788 13 Kerala 23,007 20,333 14 Madhya Pradesh 56,455 42,312 15 Maharashtra 74,111 62,476 16 Manipur 2,001 2,003 17 Meghalaya 1,576 1,582 18 Mizoram 782 798 19 Nagaland 1,581 1,586 20 Orissa 30,015 26,250 21 Punjab 18,220 15,649 22 Rajasthan 40,869 35,835 23 Sikkim 336 349 24 Tamil Nadu 54,847 45,729 25 Tripura 2,367 2,372 26 Uttar Pradesh 123,862 102,359 27 Uttarakhand * 0* 6,819 28 West Bengal 61,514 48,775 29 A & N Islands 370 329 30 Chandigarh 645 407 31 D & N Haveli 123 128 32 Daman & Diu 82 84 33 Lakshadweep 43 40 34 NCT of Delhi 8,666 9,141 35 Pondicherry 778 557 Total 774,651 687402

* States constituted after General Elections 1999.

114 INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT GENERAL ELECTIONS - 2004

• First General Elections to theL ok Sabha conducted completely by using Electronic Voting Machines in all Polling Stations .

• 671,487,930 electorates registered in the electoral rolls.

• 5435 candidates contested the elections for which 6,87,402 polling stations set up.

• 3050 candidates represented 215 political parties and 2385 candidates were Independents.

• Polling station with least number of electors: Only ONE voter in Polling station No. - 29; (Dharampur) in Miao Assembly segment of Arunachal East Parliamentary Constituency .

• Parliamentary Constituency with largest number of electors - 3368399 (Outer Delhi).

• Parliamentary Constituency with lowest number of elctors - 39033 (Lakshadweep).

• Maximum contestants in a Parliamentary Constituency - 35 (Madras South)

• Maximum Women contestants in a State - 61 (UP)

• Minimum women contestants in a State -1 (Goa)

• Maximum women winners - 7 (UP)

• Out of 543 elected MPs, 45 were women.

• Maximum age of the candidate-94 years (Ramchandra Veerappa in Bidar, Karnataka)

• Minimum age of the candidate - 25 years (Many).

• Maximum age of the winning candidate-94 years (Ramchandra Veerappa in Bidar, Karnataka)

• Minimum age of the winning candidate-26 years Sachin Pilot in Dausa (Rajasthan)

• Maximum votes secured - Sajjan Kumar Outer Delhi - 855543

• Minimum votes secured - Ashok Kumar Chandni Chowk- 45

• Minimum votes secured by a winner - Dr. P. Pookunhikoya - 15597 votes (Lakshadweep).

• Maximum margin, Arambagh in West Bengal with 592502 votes. The runner -up lost his deposit.

• Minimum margin, Lakshadweep, 71 Votes

• Average age of the elected MPs is 52.63 Years.

115 Largest 5 Parliamentary Constituencies, area wise, in General Elections 2004 AREA STATE / UT NAME (sq. km) JAMMU & KASHMIR Ladakh 173266.37 RAJASTHAN Barmer 71601.24 GUJARAT Kutch 41644.55 ARUNACHAL PRADESH Arunachal West 40572.29 ARUNACHAL PRADESH Arunachal East 39749.64

Smallest 5 Parliamentary Constituencies, area wise, in General Elections 2004

AREA STATE / UT NAME (sq. km) NCT OF DELHI Delhi Sadar 28.09 MAHARASHTRA Mumbai South Central 18.31 MAHARASHTRA Mumbai South 13.73 WEST BENGAL Calcutta North West 13.23 NCT OF DELHI Chandni Chowk 10.59

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT INDELIBLE INK

• Indelible ink is a not an ordinary ink. Once applied on the finger it dries up in 60 seconds and remains for a few months. It cannot be removed by any chemical, detergents or oil. • Ink is applied on voter’s finger as a line from the top end of the nail to the bottom of the first joint of the left fore finger with effect from 1.2.2006. Earlier, the ink was applied on the joint of nail and skin. • In the case of proxy voting, ink is applied on the middle finger of the left hand of proxy. • Ink plays an important role for conducting fair and impartial elections to control fake voting. • Ensures each voter exercise only one vote. • Mysore Paints and Varnish Limited, a Government of Karnataka undertaking, manufactures this special ink and also exports to many countries.

116 An old lady of 109 years being brought to a polling booth to cast her vote in New Delhi on May 10, 2004.

117 118 III

MISCELLANEOUS STATISTICS

119 120 FACTS ABOUT SUCCESSIVE GENERAL ELECTIONS

There has been a marked increase in the total number of candidates contesting the elections. While in 1952 there were 1874 candidates for 489 elective seats, the number steadily increased to 2784 candidates in 1971. The 1980 elections saw an increase in the number candidates to 4629. The 9th General elections had 6160 candidates in the fray, while in the 10th General Elections, 8668 candidates contested for 543 elective seats. In the Eleventh General Elections , 13952 candidates contested for the 543 seats, which were reduced drastically to 4750 candidates in , because of increase of security deposit amount in August 1996. In the General Elections 2004 , 5435 candidates contested the elections, for which Election Commission set up 6,87,402 polling stations . First time, the General Elections were conducted using 8.50 lakh Electronic Voting Machines in the country replacing completely the traditional system of ballot papers and ballot boxes. 671,487,930 were the registered electorates , out of which 389,948,330 exercised their voting rights.

Year Total Total Total Total number of Total Number Number of number of Electorate Votes Polled of Polling Seats Candidates Stations 1952 489 1,874 173,212,343 ------1957 494 1,519 193,652,179 120,513,915 220,478 1962 494 1,985 216,361,569 119,904,284 238,031 1967 520 2,369 248,904,300 152,724,611 243,693 1971 518 2,784 274,189,132 151,536,802 342,918 1977 542 2,439 321,174,327 194,263,915 373,910 1980 542 4,629 356,205,329 202,752,893 436,813 1984 542 5,312 399,816,294 249,585,334 505,751 1989 543 6,160 498,906,129 309,050,495 580,798 1991 543 8,668 498,363,801@ 282,700,942 576,353@ 1996 543 13952 592,572,288 343,308,090 767,462 1998 543 4750 605,880,192 375,441,739 773,494 1999 543 4648 619,536,847 371,669,104 774,651 2004 543 5435 671,487,930 389,948,330 687,402

@ Excluding Jammu & Kashmir

121 NUMBER OF CONTESTANTS AND WINNERS IN GENERAL ELECTIONS

General Year Number of Total Average Male Female Election Seats Number of number of vailable contestants contestants Total Elected %age Contesting Elected P e r c e n t a g e For per seat Number winning winning Election contesting First 1952 489 1874 3.83 ------Second 1957 494 1519 3.07 1474 472 32.02 45 22 48.89 Third 1962 494 1985 4.01 1919 463 24.12 66 31 46.97 Fourth 1967 520 2369 4.55 2302 491 21.32 67 29 43.28 Fifth 1971 518 2784 5.37 2698 497 18.42 86 21 24.41 Sixth 1977 542 2439 4.50 2369 523 22.07 70 19 27.14 Seventh 1980 542 4629 8.54 4486 514 11.45 143 28 19.58 Eighth 1984 542 5312 9.80 5150 500 9.70 162 42 25.93 Ninth 1989 543 6160 11.34 5962 514 8.62 198 29 14.65 Tenth 1991 543 8668 15.96 8342 506 6.06 326 37 11.35 Eleventh 1996 543 13952 25.69 13353 503 3.76 599 40 6.68 Twelfth 1998 543 4750 8.75 4476 500 11.17 274 43 15.69 Thirteenth 1999 543 4648 8.56 4364 494 11.31 284 49 17.25 Fourteenth 2004 543 5435 10.01 5080 498 9.80 355 45 12.68 Note : Total no. of contestants include the number of candidates elected unopposed, if any.

Male voters at a long queue in front of a polling booth in Hazaribagh Parliamentary Constituency of Jharkhand during the first phase of General Elections-2004 on April 20, 2004.

122 REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN MEMBERS FROM FIRST TO FOURTEENTH LOK SABHA

The representation of women in the successiveL ok Sabhas has remained between 19 and 49. The Thirteenth Lok Sabha had a maximum of 49 members representing 9.02 % of the total strength of the Lower House. The 12th Lok Sabha had 43 women members who constituted 7.91% of the total strength of the House. The had the lowest representation of women members with only 19 members. They represented 3.50 % of the total strength of the Lower House.

Lok Sabha Total No. Number of No. of Percentage Percentage of of seats Women Women to the total total number contestants Members seats of women elected contestants First - 1952 489 - - - - Second-1957 494 45 22 4.45 48.89 Third-1962 494 66 31 6.27 46.97 Fourth-1967 520 67 29 5.57 43.28 Fifth-1971 518 86 21 4.05 24.41 Sixth-1977 542 70 19 3.50 27.14 Seventh-1980 542 143 28 5.16 19.58 Eighth-1984 542 162 42 7.74 25.93 Nineth-1989 543 198 29 5.34 14.64 Tenth—1991 543 326 37 7.10 11.35 Eleventh—1996 543 599 40 7.36 6.68 Twelfth-1998 543 274 43 7.91 15.69 Thirteenth-1999 543 284 49 9.02 17.25 Fourteenth-2004 543 355 45 8.29 12.67

123 PERFORMANCE OF INDEPENDENT CANDIDATES FROM FIRST TO FOURTEENTH LOK SABHA

Total No. of Year of the Total Number of Total No. of Number of Independents Election Contestants Independent Independent Candidates Candidates Candidates Forfeited Elected Deposits

First - 1952 1874 533 37 360 Second-1957 1519 481 42 324 Third-1962 1985 479 20 378 Fourth-1967 2369 866 35 747 Fifth-1971 2784 1134 14 1066 Sixth-1977 2439 1224 9 1190 Seventh-1980 4629 2826 9 2794 Eighth-1984 5312 3791 5 3745 Nineth-1989 6160 3712 12 3672 Tenth—1991 8668 5514 5 5497 Eleventh—1996 13952 10635 9 10604 Twelfth-1998 4750 1915 6 1898 Thirteenth-1999 4648 1945 6 1928 Fourteenth-2004 5435 2385 5 2370

A Kashmiri migrant woman from Baramula casting her vote at the Mishriwala Camp in Jammu during the first phase of General Elections-2004 on April 20, 2004.

124 VOTING PERCENTAGE IN ALL GENERAL ELECTIONS

General Election Year Male Female Total percentage First 1952 - - 61.22 Second 1957 - - 62.20 Third 1962 63.31 46.63 55.42 Fourth 1967 66.73 55.48 61.33 Fifth 1971 60.90 49.11 55.29 Sixth 1977 65.63 54.91 60.49 Seventh 1980 62.16 51.22 56.92 Eighth 1984 68.18 58.60 63.56 Nineth 1989 66.13 57.32 61.95 Tenth 1991 61.58 51.35 56.93 Eleventh 1996 62.06 53.41 57.94 Twelfth 1998 65.72 57.88 61.97 Thirteenth 1999 63.97 55.64 59.99 Fourteenth 2004 61.66 53.30 57.65 * Calculated on the basis of valid votes polled. Note : Sex-wise break-up of electors is not available for First & Second General Elections.

A long queue of voters in front of a polling booth of West Tripura Parliamentary Constituency during General Elections-2004 on April 22, 2004.

125 EXPENDITURE ON LOK SABHA ELECTIONS

The following statement shows the total expenditure incurred in the revision of electoral rolls and the conducting of Elections to the Lok Sabha, since the First General Elections held in 1952

Expenditure Incurred

Year of Elections Total Amount (in Rs.) (Provisional) 1952 10,45,00,000 1957 5,90,00,000 1962 7,32,00,000 1967 10,79,69,000 1971 11,60,87,450 1977 23,03,68,000 1980 54,77,39,000 1984 81,51,34,000 1989 1,54,22,00,000 1991 359,10,24,679 1996 597,34,41,000 1998 666,22,16,000* 1999 880,00,00,000** 2004 1300,00,00,000***

* Including the demand of election expenditure incurred on Andhra Pradesh and Maharastra ** Approximate figures *** Provisional

126 POLL DATES OF ALL LOK SABHA ELECTIONS

Year of Election Period of Poll*

1951-52 October 1951, December 1951, February 1952

1957 24th February to 14th March, 1957

1962 19th – 25th February, 1962

1967 17th to 21st February, 1967

1971 1st to 10th March, 1971

1977 16th to 20th March, 1977

1980 3rd to 6th January, 1980

1984 24th to 28th December, 1984

1989 22nd to 26th November, 1989

1991 20th May to 15th June, 1991

1996 27th April, 1996, 2nd to 30th May 1996

1998 16th to 23rd February, 1998

1999 September 5, 11, 18, 25, 3rd to 6th October 1999

2004 20th April to 10th May, 2004

* Period of Election indicates the first day of the Poll and the last day of the Poll of the Election.

127 SIZE OF ELECTORATE –STATES &UNION TERRITORIES DURING 1998,1999 & 2004 ELECTIONS

Sl. No. Name of State/Union Territory Total Electors Total Electors Total Electors 1998 1999 2004 1 Andaman & Nicobar Islands 232013 247384 241645 2 Andhra Pradesh 49133135 49654389 51146342 3 Arunachal Pradesh 565621 611572 684034 4 Assam 14277806 14290673 15014874 5 Bihar 58766580 58788098 50559672 6 Chandigarh 531146 585006 527684 7 Chhattisgarh* 0 0 13719442 8 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 95832 98376 122681 9 Daman & Diu 71934 72216 79232 10 Delhi 8297622 8712530 8763475 11 Goa 880746 908849 941167 12 Gujarat 28770306 29512402 33675062 13 Haryana 11086895 11038955 12320557 14 Himachal Pradesh 3628864 3786479 4181995 15 Jammu & Kashmir 5022782 5030094 6368115 16 Jharkhand* 0 0 16812339 17 Karnataka 33098338 34284098 38592095 18 Kerala 21188712 22058901 21125473 19 Lakshadweep 36738 37619 39033 20 Madhya Pradesh 44607368 46915473 38390101 21 Maharashtra 56205250 56853196 63012208 22 Manipur 1330209 1372339 1536510 23 Meghalaya 1157494 1178250 1289374 24 Mizoram 442457 449406 549959 25 Nagaland 926569 955914 1041433 26 Orissa 23393600 24187490 25651989 27 Pondicherry 665486 701990 636667 28 Punjab 15344540 15717304 16615399 29 Rajasthan 29751400 31106488 34712385 30 Sikkim 236494 255377 281937 31 Tamil Nadu 45577788 47733664 47252271 32 Tripura 1727463 1796055 1978222 33 Uttar Pradesh 101982480 102946404 110624490 34 Uttarakhand* 0 0 5562637 35 West Bengal 46846524 47649856 47437431 Total 605880192 619536847 671487930 * States Constituted after 1999

128 CANDIDATES FIELDED AND SEATS WON BY PARTIES IN 1998, 1999 AND 2004 GENERAL ELECTIONS

Category 1998 1999 2004

National Parties 1493(387) 1299(369) 1351(364)

State Parties 471(101) 750(158) 801(159)

Regd. Parties 871(49) 654(10) 898(15)

Independents 1915(6) 1945(6) 2385(5)

Note : Figures in brackets represent seats won by each group

PERCENTAGE OF VALID VOTES POLLED BY PARTIES

Category 1998 1999 2004

National Parties 67.98 67.11 62.89

State Parties 18.79 26.93 28.90

Regd. Parties 10.87 3.22 3.96

Independents 2.37 2.74 4.25

Poll personnel applying indelible ink to a woman voter in old Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh during the third phase of General Election-2004 on May 5, 2004.

129 130 IV

PERFORMANCE OF PARTIES IN ANDHRA PRADESH, ORISSA & SIKKIM ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS, 2004

131 132 ANDHRA PRADESH STATE ASSEMBLY ELECTION IN 2004

PARTY SEATS VOTES POLLED National Parties CONTESTED WON VOTES PERCENTAGE B J P 27 2 942008 2.63% B S P 160 1 440719 1.23% C P I 12 6 545867 1.53% C P M 14 9 656721 1.84% I N C 234 185 13793461 38.56% Total 447 203 16378776 45.79% STATE PARTIES & PARTIES 313 48 13619733 38.08% FROM OTHER STATES Total 313 48 13619733 38.08% REGISTERED (Unrecognised) 264 32 3419689 9.56% PARTIES Total 264 32 3419689 9.56% INDEPENDENTS 872 11 2349436 6.57% Total 872 11 2349436 6.57% Grand Total 1896 294 35767634

ANDHRA PRADESH STATE ASSEMBLY ELECTION IN 1999

PARTY SEATS VOTES POLLED National Parties CONTESTED WON VOTES PERCENTAGE B J P 24 12 1223481 3.67% B S P 48 0 58468 0.18% C P I 45 0 539700 1.62% C P M 48 2 567761 1.70% I N C 293 91 13526309 40.61% JD (S) 23 0 7804 0.02% Total 481 105 15923523 47.80% STATE PARTIES 409 180 14700655 44.13% Total 409 180 14700655 44.13% REGISTERED (Unrecognised) 452 4 1092423 3.28% PARTIES TOTAL 452 4 1092423 3.28% INDEPENDENTS 762 5 1593015 4.78% Total 762 5 1593015 4.78% Grand Total 2104 294 33309616

133 ORISSA STATE ASSEMBLY ELECTION IN 2004

PARTY SEATS VOTES POLLED National Parties CONTESTED WON VOTES PERCENTAGE B J P 63 32 2898105 17.11% B S P 86 0 326724 1.93% C P I 6 1 129989 0.77% C P M 3 1 93159 0.55% I N C 133 38 5896713 34.82% Total 291 72 9344690 55.18% STATE PARTIES & PARTIES 157 65 5168081 30.52% FROM OTHER STATES Total 157 65 5168081 30.52% REGISTERED 59 2 355035 2.10% (Unrecognised) PARTIES Total 59 2 355035 2.10% INDEPENDENTS 295 8 2065650 12.20% Total 295 8 2065650 12.20% Grand Total 802 147 16933456

ORISSA STATE ASSEMBLY ELECTION IN 2000

PARTY SEATS VOTES POLLED National Parties CONTESTED WON VOTES PERCENTAGE B J P 63 38 2570074 18.20% B S P 105 0 162184 1.15% C P I 29 1 172398 1.22% C P M 15 1 109256 0.77% I N C 145 26 4770654 33.78% JD (S) 24 1 118978 0.84% JD (U) 8 0 48135 6.33% NCP 31 0 34986 0.25% TOTAL 420 67 7986665 56.54% STATE PARTIES 191 72 4617102 32.69% Total 191 72 4617102 32.69% REGISTERED 21 0 14486 0.10% (Unrecognised) PARTIES Total 21 0 14486 0.10% INDEPENDENTS 236 8 1506216 10.66% Total 236 8 1506216 10.66% Grand Total 868 147 14124469

134 SIKKIM STATE ASSEMBLY ELECTION IN 2004

PARTY SEATS VOTES POLLED National Parties CONTESTED WON VOTES PERCENTAGE B J P 4 0 667 0.34% C P M 1 0 144 0.07% I N C 28 1 51329 26.13% Total 33 1 52140 26.54% STATE PARTIES 32 31 139662 71.09% Total 32 31 139662 71.09% REGISTERED 10 0 1213 0.62% (Unrecognised) PARTIES Total 10 0 1213 0.62% INDEPENDENTS 16 0 3450 1.76% Total 16 0 3450 1.76% Grand Total 91 32 196465

SIKKIM STATE ASSEMBLY ELECTION IN 1999

PARTY SEATS VOTES POLLED National Parties CONTESTED WON VOTES PERCENTAGE C P M 2 0 398 0.19% I N C 31 0 7512 3.67% Total 33 0 7910 3.86% STATE PARTIES 63 31 193041 94.20% Total 63 31 193041 94.20% INDEPENDENTS 9 1 3976 1.94% Total 9 1 3976 1.94% Grand Total 105 32 204927

135 136 V

EVOLUTION OF ELECTORAL SYSTEM OF INDIA

137 138 EVOLUTION OF INDIAN ELECTORAL SYSTEM

After attaining independence in August 1947, there was a need to holdG eneral Elections in free India to elect a truly representative government elected on the basis of universal adult suffrage. Therefore, Article 324, which provides for the setting up of Election Commission as an independent constitutional authority, was brought into force from 26th November, 1949, whereas, most of the other provisions were made effective from 26th January, 1950 (when the became effective).

Election Commission was formally constituted on th25 January, 1950, i.e., one day before India became as Sovereign Democratic Republic. First Chief Election Commissioner, Shri Sukumar Sen, was appointed on st21 March, 1950.

From 1950 to 16th October, 1989, the Commission functioned as a single member body. From 16th October, 1989 to 1st January, 1990, it was converted into a three member body but on 1st January, 1990, it reverted to the system of single member body. However, since 1st October, 1993, the Commission is regularly functioning as a three member body.

The Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners are given the same salary and allowances as of a Judge of the Supreme Court. All the three Commissioners have equal powers in decision making and in case of any difference of opinion on any issue, the decision is taken by the majority. The term of the office of CEC and ECs is six years or till the age of 65, whichever is earlier.

For the purpose of first General Elections to the Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas, the first delimitation order was issued by President, in consultation with Election Commission and with the approval of Parliament on 13th August, 1951.

Parliament passed the first Act on 12th May, 1950 (Representation of the People Act, 1950) and second Act on 17th July, 1951 (Representation of the People Act, 1951) for the conduct of elections of the both houses of Parliament and Vidhan Sabhas for each State.

Electoral Rolls for these constituencies were published in all States by 15th November, 1951. The total number of voters (excluding Jammu and Kashmir) was 17,32,13,635, as against the total population of India (excluding Jammu and Kashmir), according to 1951 census, 35,66,91,760. The firstG eneral Elections to theL ok Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas were held between October, 1951 and March, 1952. The first Lok Sabha consisting of 497 members was constituted on nd2 April, 1952. The first consisting of 216 members was constituted on 3rd April, 1952.

After the constitution of the two Houses of Parliament and the State Legislative Assemblies, the first Presidential election was held in May, 1952 and the first duly elected President assumed the charge of office on 13th May, 1952.

At the time of the firstG eneral Election in 1951-52, the Commission had recognized 14 political parties as multi-state parties and 59 parties as the state parties. Presently, there are seven recognized national parties 40 State parties.

For the first and second General Elections in 1951-52, and 1957, the Election Commission adopted the ‘Balloting System’ of voting.U nder this system, every candidate was allotted a separate ballot box at each

139 polling station in a screened compartment and the voter was required only to drop his ballot paper into the ballot box of the candidate of his choice.

From the 3rd General Elections in 1962 onwards, the Commission switched over to ‘marking system’ of voting. U nder this system, a common ballot paper containing the names and election symbols of all contesting candidates is printed on which the voter has to put a mark with an arrow cross mark rubber stamp on or near the symbol of the candidate of his choice. All the marked ballot papers are put into a common ballot box.

The Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) were used for the first time in part of Parur Assembly Constituency in Kerala in 1982, on experimental basis. Later, the extensive use of EVMs started in 1998. The EVMs were used at all polling stations in the country in the 14th General Election to the Lok Sabha in 2004.

Since 1951-52, fourteen General Elections have been held to theL ok Sabha and more than 300 general elections to the Vidhan Sabhas.

*****

Elderly voters showing their voter’s identity card gather under a tree after casting their votes at a polling booth of Sonepat in Haryana on May 10, 2004.

140 SOME FEATURES OF INDIAN ELECTIONS

At the time of the lastG eneral Election to the KeralaL egislative Assembly in 2007, an exclusive polling station was set up only for one elector in Perambara Assembly Constituency.

The highest altitude at which the polling stations have been provided are in the State of Jammu and Kashmir: at Leh and Anlay Phoo in Leh Assembly Constituency at the height of 5000 mtr.

At the time of the general election to the Tamil NaduL egislative Assembly in 1996, there were as many as 1033 contesting candidates in Modakurichi Assembly Constituency.

Maximum number of candidates for any Parliamentary Constituency was 480 from Nalgonda Parliamentary Constituency in Andhra Pradesh at the time of the general elections to the Lok Sabha in 1996.

Value of one vote : In Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan Assemblies Elections in 2008, in Dhar and Nathdwara Assembly constituencies respectively, the winning margin was just ONE VOTE.

Also in Karnataka Assembly Elections in 2004, in Santhemarahalli Assembly, the winning margin was only ONE VOTE.

Voters going toward the polling station in Barmer, Rajasthan during the third phase of General Election-2004 on May 5, 2004.

141 142 VI

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LOK SABHA MEMBERS

143 144 AVERAGE AGE OF MEMBERS FROM FIRST TO FOURTEENTH LOK SABHA

LOK SABHA AVERAGE AGE OF MEMBERS

FIRST 46.5

SECOND 46.7

THIRD 49.4

FOURTH 48.7

FIFTH 49.2

SIXTH 52.1

SEVENTH 49.9

EIGHTH 51.4

NINTH 51.3

TENTH 51.4

ELEVENTH 52.8

TWELFTH 46.4

THIRTEETH 55.5

FOURTEENTH 52.63

145 EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OF MEMBERS FROM FIRST TO FOURTEENTH LOK SABHA

The fourteenth Lok Sabha had 157 post-graduate members which was the highest figure in all theL ok Sabhas. There were 249 graduate members in the 14th Lok Sabha though the had registered the highest figure of 256. There were 22 Members with Doctorate degree in the 14th Lok Sabha as compared to highest figure of 29 recorded in .

The table below shows the educational qualifications of the members of 1st to 14th Lok Sabha.

Educational 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th Back- ground

Under 112 120 141 54 119 52 53 42 10 18 15 12 15 19 atriculates’ Matriculates’/ 88 90 87 101 82 132 118 112 94 101 102 107 90 96 Under- Graduates Grad- 177 160 157 172 178 205 213 238 233 220 222 237 256 249 uates Post- 85 92 98 113 127 132 136 131 124 145 149 149 145 157 Graduates Doctorates 15 9 7 17 8 9 8 10 17 20 29 24 27 22

A long queue of voters in front of a polling station of Chittoor Parliamentary Constituency of Andhra Pradesh during General Election 2004 on April 26, 2004.

146 LEGISLATIVE EXPERIENCE OF MEMBERS OF 14TH LOK SABHA

Members Type Male Female Total

Total Members 498 45 543 First Time elected Members 201 29 230 Re-elected Members of 13th Lok Sabha 209 13 222 Members having experience of Rajya Sabha 36 3 39 Members having experience of Legislative Assemblies 233 11 234 Members having experience of Legislative Councils 22 - 22 Members who made Legislative debut with 14th 96 20 116 Lok Sabha

LEGISLATIVE EXPERIENCE OF MEMBERS OF 13TH LOK SABHA

Members Type Male Female Total

Total Members 494 49 543 First Time elected Members 153 19 172 Re-elected Members of 12th Lok Sabha 247 23 270 Members having experience of Rajya Sabha 36 4 40

Members having experience of Legislative Assemblies 206 11 217 Members having experience of Legislative Councils 20 - 20 Members who made Legislative debut with 13th 84 13 97 Lok Sabha

147 LIST OF MEMBERS ELECTED TO 14TH LOK SABHA MORE THAN FOUR TIMES

Sl. Name of the Member Lok Sabha to which elected No. TEN TERMS 1. Chatterjee, Shri Somnath 5th,6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 2 Vajpayee, Shri Atal Bihari 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th NINE TERMS 1. Fernandes, Shri George 4th, 6th, 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 2. Gamang, Shri Giridhar 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th EIGHT TERMS 1. Acharia, Shri Basudeb 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 2. Bhakta, Shri Manoranjan 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th 3. Chandra Shekhar, Shri 6th, 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 4. Choudhury, Shri A.B.A Ghani Khan 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th 13th, 14th 5. Gavit, Shri Manikrao Hodlya 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 6. Mandal, Shri Sanat Kumar 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th 14th 7. Mollah, Shri Hannan 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 8. Pandey, Dr.Laxminarayan 5th, 6th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 9. Paswan, Shri Ram Vilas 6th, 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 10. Patil, Shri Balasaheb Vikhe 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 12th, 13th, 14th 11. Sangma*, Shri Puno Agitok 6th, 7th, 8th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th *Resigned from Lok Sabha on 10 October, 2005 12. Shah, Lt.Col. (Retd.) Maharaja Manabendra 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th SEVEN TERMS 1. Basu, Shri Anil 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 2. Dev, Shri Santosh Mohan 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th 3. Jatiya, Dr. Satyanarayan 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 4. , Shri 7th, 8th, 9th,10th, 12th, 13th, 14th 5. Pal, Shri Rupchand 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 6. Ramchandra Veerappa*, Shri 3rd, 4th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th *Expired on 18th July 2004 7. Venkatswamy, Shri G. 4th, 5th, 6th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 14th SIX TERMS 1. Banerjee, Kumari Mamata 8th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 2. Bhargav, Shri Girdhari Lal 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 3. Chidambaram, Shri P. 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th 4. Delkar, Shri Mohanbhai 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th 14th 5. Dome, Dr. Ram Chandra 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 6. Gangwar, Shri Santosh Kumar 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 7. Mahajan, Smt. Sumitra 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 8. Muttemwar, Shri Vilas Baburao 7th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 13th, 14th

148 Sl. Name of the Member Lok Sabha to which elected No. 9. Nitish Kumar, Shri 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 10. Pathak, Shri Harin 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 11. Pawar, Shri Sharad Chandra Govindrao 8th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 12. Rana, Shri Kashi Ram 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 13. Riyan, Shri Bajuban 7th, 8th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 14. Sethi, Shri Arjun Charan 5th, 7th, 10th, 12th, 13th, 14th 15. Soren, Shri Shibu 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th 16. Thomas, Shri P.C. 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 17. Topdar, Shri Tarit Baran 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 18. Verma, Shri Ratilal Kalidas 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th FIVE TERMS 1. Advani, Shri Lal Krishna 9th, 10th, 12th, 13th, 14th 2. Ahamed, Shri E. 10th, 11th,12th, 13th, 14th 3. Annayyagari, Shri Sai Prathap 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th 4. Athithan, Shri Dhanuskodi 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 14th 5. Bais, Shri Ramesh 9th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 6. Chhatwal, Shri Sartaj Singh 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th 7. Chinta Mohan, Dr. 8th, 9th, 10th, 12th, 14th 8. Chouhan, Shri Shivraj Singh 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 9. Dasmunsi, Shri Priya Ranjan 5th, 8th, 11th, 13th, 14th 10. Engti, Shri Biren Singh 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 14th 11. Gandhi, Smt. Maneka 9th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 12. Handique, Shri Bijoy Krishna 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 13. Kusmaria, Dr. Ramkrishna 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 14. Mahato, Shri Bir Singh 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 15. Masood, Shri Rasheed 6th, 7th, 9th, 10th, 14th 16. Muniyappa, Shri K.H. 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 17. Murmu, Shri Rupchand 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 18. Paswan, Shri Sukdeo 9th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th 19. Patil, Shri Prakash V. 8th, 9th, 10th, 13th, 14th 20. Prabhu, Shri R. 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 14th 21. Rathwa, Shri Naranbhai, J. 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 14th 22. Rawale, Shri Mohan 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 23. Rawat, Prof. Rasa Singh 9th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th 24. Shervani, Shri Saleem Iqbal 8th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 25. Shingda, Shri Damu Barku 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 14th 26. Singh, Shri Ajit 9th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th 27. Singh, Shri Lakshman 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th 28. Sumbrui, Shri Bagun 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 14th 29. Vaghela, Shri Shankersinh 6th, 9th, 10th, 13th, 14th 30. Yadav, Shri Devendra Prasad 9th, 10th, 11th, 13th, 14th

149 150 VII

IMPORTANT PROVISIONS OF THE REPRESENTATION OF PEOPLE ACT, 1951 AND OTHER INSTRUCTIONS / GUIDELINES

The necessary provisions for conducting free and fair Elections in the country and entrusting the work to the Election Commission of India were provided in the Constitution of India under Art 324. The detailed procedures for the conduct of Elections are prescribed in the Representation of People Act of 1951 which are further supplemented by the Conduct of Elections Rules ,1961.

151 152 Sec 8. Disqualification on conviction for certain offences

(1) A person convicted of an offence punishable under— (a) Section 153A (offence of promoting enmity between different groups on ground of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony) or Section 171E (offence of bribery) or Section 171F (offence of undue influence or personation at an election) or Sub-Section (1) or Sub-Section (2) of Section 376 or Section 376A or Section 376B or Section 376C or Section 376D (offences relating to rape) or Section 498A (offence of cruelty towards a woman by husband or relative of a husband) or Sub-Section (2) or Sub-Section (3) of Section 505 (offence of making statement creating or promoting enmity, hatred or ill-will between classes or offence relating to such statement in any place of worship or in any assembly engaged in the performance of religious worship or religious ceremonies) of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860); or (b) the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 (22 of 1955) which provides for punishment for the preaching and practice of “untouchability”, and for the enforcement of any disability arising therefrom; or (c) Section 11 (offence of importing or exporting prohibited goods) of the Customs Act, 1962 (52 of 1962); or (d) Sections 10 to 12 (offence of being a member of an association declared unlawful, offence relating to dealing with funds of an unlawful association or offence relating to contravention of an order made in respect of a notified place) of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (37 of 1967); or (e) the Foreign Exchange (Regulation) Act, 1973 (46 of 1973); or (f) the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (61 of 1985); or (g) Section 3 (offence of committing terrorist acts) or Section 4 (offence of committing disruptive activities) of the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act, 1987 (28 of 1987); or (h) Section 7 (offence of contravention of the provisions of Sections 3 to 6) of the Religious Institutions (Prevention of Misuse) Act, 1988 (41 of 1988); or (i) Section 125 (offence of promoting enmity between classes in connection with the election) or Section 135 (offence of removal of ballot papers from polling stations) or Section 135A (offence of booth capturing) of clause (a) of Sub-Section (2) of Section 136 (offence of fraudulently defacing or fraudulently destroying any nomination paper) of this Act; 1[or] (j) Section 6 (offence of conversion of a place of worship) of the Places ofW orship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991;or (k) Section 2 (offence of insulting the Indian National Flag or the Constitution of India) or Section 3 (offence of preventing singing of National Anthem) of the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 (69 of 1971),or (l) the Commission of Sati (Prevention) Act, 1987 (3 of 1988); or (m) the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (49 of 1988); or (n) the Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 (15 of 2002), shall be disqualified, where the convicted person is sentenced to— (i) only fine, for a period of six years from the date of such conviction; (ii) imprisonment, from the date of such conviction and shall continue to be disqualified for a further period of six years since his release. (2) A person convicted for the contravention of— (a) any law providing for the prevention of hoarding or profiteering; or

153 (b) any law relating to the adulteration of food or drugs; or (c) any provisions of the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 (28 of 1961); (3) A person convicted of any offence and sentenced to imprisonment for not less than two years [other than any offence referred to in Sub-Section (1) or Sub-Section (2)] shall be disqualified from the date of such conviction and shall continue to be disqualified for a further period of six years since his release. (4) Notwithstanding anything 8[in Sub-Section (1), Sub-Section (2) or Sub-Section (3)] a disqualification under either subsection shall not, in the case of a person who on the date of the conviction is a member of Parliament or the Legislature of a State, take effect until three months have elapsed from that date or, if within that period an appeal or application for revision is brought in respect of the conviction or the sentence, until that appeal or application is disposed of by the court. Explanation :- In this Section (a) “law providing for the prevention of hoarding or profiteering” means any law, or any order, rule or notification having the force of law, providing for— (i) the regulation of production or manufacture of any essential commodity; (ii) the control of price at which any essential commodity may be bought or sold; (iii) the regulation of acquisition, possession, storage, transport, distribution, disposal, use or consumption of any essential commodity; (iv) the prohibition of the withholding from sale of any essential commodity ordinarily kept for sale; (b) “drug” has the meaning assigned to it in the Durgs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 (23 of 1940); (c) “essential commodity” has the meaning assigned to it in the Essential Commodity Act,1955 (10 of 1955); (d) “food” has the meaning assigned to it in the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 Sec 8A. Disqualification on Ground of Corrupt Practices (1) The case of every person found guilty of a corrupt practice by an order under Section 99 shall be submitted, as soon as may be, after such order takes effect, by such authority as the Central Government may specify in this behalf, to the President for determination of the question as to whether such person shall be disqualified and if so, for what period: Provided that the period for which any person may be disqualified under this Sub-Section shall in no case exceed six years from the date on which the order made in relation to him under Section 99 takes effect. (2) Any person who stands disqualified under Section 8A of this Act as it stood immediately before the commencement of the Election Laws (Amendment) Act, 1975 (40 of 1975), may, if the period of such disqualification has not expired, submit a petition to the President for the removal of such disqualification for the unexpired portion of the said period. (3) Before giving his decision on any question mentioned in Sub-Section (1) or on any petition submitted under Sub-Section, the President shall obtain the opinion of the Election Commission onsuch question or petition and shall act according to such opinion. Sec 34. Deposits (1) A candidate shall not be deemed to be duly nominated for election from a constituency unless he deposits or causes to be deposited:- (a) in the case of an election from a Parliamentary constituency, a sum of Ten thousand rupees or where the candidate is member of a Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe, a sum of five thaousand rupees; and

154 (b) in the case of an election from an Assembly or Council constituency, a sum of Five thousand rupees or where the candidate is a member of Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe, a sum of two thousand rupees : Provide that where a candidate has been nominated by more than one nomination paper for election in the same constituency, not more than one deposit shall be required of him under this Sub-Section. (2) Any sum required to be deposited under Sub-Section (I) shall not be deemed to have been deposited under that Sub-Section unless at the time of delivery of nomination paper [under Sub-Section (I) or, as the case may be, Sub-Section (IA) of Section 33] the candidate has either deposited or caused to be deposited that sum with the returning officer in cash or enclosed with the nomination paper a receipt showing that the sum has been deposited by him or on his behalf in the Reserve Bank of India or in a Government Treasury. Section 52. Death of a Candidate of a Recognized political party before poll (1) If a candidate set up by a recognized political party – (a) dies at any time after 11.00 A.M. on the last date for making nominations and his nomination is found valid on scrutiny under Section 36; or (b) whose nomination has been found valid on scrutiny under Section 36 and who has not withdrawn his candidature under Section 37, dies, and in either case, a report of his death is received any any time before the publication of the list of contesting candidates under Section 38; or (c) dies as a contesting candidate and a report of his death is received before the commencement of the poll, the returning officer shall, upon being satisfied about the fact of the death of the candidate, by order, announce an adjournment of the poll to a date to be notified later and report the fact to the Election Commission and also to the appropriate authority: Provided that no order for adjourning a poll should be made in a case referred to in clause (a) except after the scrutiny of all the nominations including the nomination of the deceased candidate. (2) The Election Commission shall, on the receipt or a report from returning officer under Sub-Section (1), call upon the recognized political party whose candidate has died, to nominate another candidate for the said poll within seven days of issue of such notice to such recognized political party and the provisions of Sections 30 to 37 shall, so far as my be, apply in relation to such nomination as they would apply to other nominations: Provided that no person who has given a notice of withdrawal of his candidature under Sub-Section (1) of Section 37 before the adjournment of the poll shall be ineligible for being nominated as a candidate for the election after such adjournment. (3) where a list of contesting candidates had been published under Section 38 before the adjournment of the poll under Sub-Section (1), the returning officer shall again prepare and publish a fresh list of contesting candidates under that Section so as to include the name of the candidate who has been validly nominated under Sub-Section (2). Explanation – For the purposes of this Section, Sections 33 and 38, “recognized Political party”, means a political party recognized by the Election Commission under the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968 Section 77. Account of election expenses and maximum thereof (1) Every candidate at an election shall, either by himself or by his election agent, keep a file separate and correct account of all expenditure in connection with the expenses incurred or authorized by him or by his election agent between [the date on which he has been nominated] and the

155 date of declaration of the result there of, both dates inclusive. Explanation 1 – For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that (a) the expenditure incurred by leaders of a political party on account of travel by air or by any other means of transport for propagating programme of the political party shall not be deemed to be the expenditure in connection with the election incurred or authorized by a candidate of that political party or his election agent for the purposes of this sub-section; (b) any expenditure incurred in respect of any arrangements made, facilities provided or any other act or thing done by any person in the service of the Government and belonging to any of the classes mentioned in clause (7) of Section 123 in the discharge or purported discharge of his official duty as mentioned in the proviso to that clause shall not be deemed to be expenditure in connection with the election incurred or authorized by a candidate or by his election agent for the purposes of this Sub-Section. Explanation 2 – For the purpose of clause (a) of Explanation 1, the expression “leaders of a political party”, in respect of any election, means – (i) where such political party is a recognized political party, such persons not exceeding forty in number, and (ii) where such political party is other than a recognized political party, such persons not exceeding twenty in number, whose names have been communicated to the Election Commission and the Chief Electoral Officers of the States by the political party to be leaders for the purposes of such election, within a period of seven days from the date of the notification for such election published in the Gazette of India or Official Gazette of the State, as the case may be, under this Act: Provided that a political party may, in the case where any of the persons referred to in clause (i) or, as the case may be, in clause (ii) dies or cease to be a member of such political party, by further communication to the Election Commission and the Chief Electoral Officers of the States, substitute new name, during the period ending immediately before forty-eight hours ending with the hour fixed for the conclusion of the last poll for such election, for the name of such person died or ceased to be a member, for the purposes of designating the new leader in his place. (2) The account shall contain such particulars, as may be prescribed. (3) The total of the said expenditure shall not exceed such amount as may be prescribed. Sec 123. Corrupt practices The following shall be deemed to be corrupt practices for the purposes of this Act:— (1) “Bribery”, that is to say— (A) any gift, offer or promise by a candidate or his agent or by any other person with the consent of a candidate or his election agent of any gratification, to any person whomsoever, with the object, directly or indirectly of inducing— (a) a person to stand or not to stand as, or to withdraw or not to withdraw from being a candidate at an election, or

156 (b) an elector to vote or refrain from voting at an election, or as a reward to— (i) a person for having so stood or not stood, or for having withdrawn or not having withdrawn his candidature; or (ii) an elector for having voted or refrained from voting; (B) the receipt of, or agreement to receive, any gratification, whether as a motive or a reward— (a) by a person for standing or not standing as, or for 6[withdrawing or not withdrawing] from being, a candidate; or (b) by any person whomsoever for himself or any other person for voting or refraining from voting, or inducing or attempting to induce any elector to vote or refrain from voting, or any candidate to withdraw or not to withdraw his candidature. Explanation.—For the purposes of this clause the term “gratification” is not restricted to pecuniary gratifications or gratifications estimable in money and it includes all forms of entertainment and all forms of employment for reward but it does not include the payment of any expenses bona fideincurred at, or for the purpose of, any election and duly entered in the account of election expenses referred to in Section 78. (2) undue influence, that is to say, any direct or indirect interference or attempt to interfere on the part of the candidate or his agent, or of any other person 7[with the consent of the candidate or his election agent], with the free exercise of any electoral right: Provided that— (a) without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of this clause any such person as is referred to therein who— (i) threatens any candidate or any elector, or any person in whom a candidate or an elector is interested, with injury of any kind including social ostracism and ex-communication or expulsion from any caste or community; or (ii) induces or attempts to induce a candidate or an elector to believe that he, or any person in whom he is interested, will become or will be rendered an object of divine displeasure or spiritual censure; (iii) shall be deemed to interfere with the free exercise of the electoral right of such candidate or elector within the meaning of this clause; (b) a declaration of public policy, or a promise of public action, or the mere exercise of a legal right without intent to interfere with an electoral right, shall not be deemed to be interference within the meaning of this clause. (3) The appeal by a candidate or his agent or by any other person with the consent of a candidate or his election agent to vote or refrain from voting for any person on the ground of his religion, race, caste, community or language or the use of, or appeal to religious symbols or the use of, or appeal to, national symbols, such as the national flag or the national emblem, for the furtherance of the prospects of the election of that candidate or for prejudicially affecting the election of any candidate: Provided that no symbol allotted under this Act to a candidate shall be deemed to be a religious symbol or a national symbol for the purposes of this clause. (3A) The promotion of, or attempt to promote, feelings of enmity or hatred between different classes of the citizens of India on grounds of religion, race, caste, community, or language, by a candidate or his agent or any other person with the consent of a candidate or his election agent for the furtherance of the prospects of the election of that candidate or for prejudicially affecting the election of any candidate. (3B) The propagation of the practice or the commission of sati or its glorification by a candidate or his agent or any other person with the consent of the candidate or his election agent for the

157 furtherance of the prospects of the election of that candidate or for prejudicially affecting the election of any candidate. Explanation.—For the purposes of this clause, “sati” and “glorification” in relation to sati shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in the Commission of Sati (Prevention) Act, 1987 (3 of 1988). (4) The publication by a candidate or his agent or by any other person with the consent of a candidate or his election agent, of any statement of fact which is false, and which he either believes to be false or does not believe to be true, in relation to the personal character or conduct of any candidate, or in relation to the candidature, or withdrawal,of any candidate, being a statement reasonably calculated to prejudice the prospects of that candidate’s election. (5) The hiring or procuring, whether on payment or otherwise, of any vehicle or vessel by a candidate or his agent or by any other person with the consent of a candidate or his election agent, or the use of such vehicle or vessel for the free conveyance of any elector (other than the candidate himself, the members of his family or his agent) to or from any polling station provided under Section 25 or a place fixed under Sub-Section (1) of Section 29 for the poll, Provided that the hiring of a vehicle or vessel by an elector or by several electors at their joint costs for the purpose of conveying him or them to and from any such polling station or place fixed for the poll shall not be deemed to be a corrupt practice under this clause if the vehicle or vessel so hired is a vehicle or vessel not propelled by mechanical power: Provided further that the use of any public transport vehicle or vessel or any tramcar or railway carriage by any elector at his own cost for the purpose of going to or coming from any such polling station or place fixed for the poll shall not be deemed to be a corrupt practice under this clause. Explanation.—In this clause, the expression “vehicle” means any vehicle used or capable of being used for the purpose of road transport, whether propelled by mechanical power or otherwise and whether used for drawing other vehicles or otherwise. (6) The incurring or authorizing of expenditure in contravention of section 77. (7) The obtaining or procuring or abetting or attempting to obtain or procure by a candidate or his agent or, by any other person 1[with the consent of a candidate or his election agent], any assistance (other than the giving of vote) for the furtherance of the prospects of that candidate’s election, from any person in the service of theG overnment and belonging to any of the following classes, namely:— (a) gazetted officers; (b) stipendiary judges and magistrates; (c) members of the armed forces of the Union; (d) members of the police forces; (e) excise officers; (f) revenue officers other than village revenue officers known as lambardars, malguzars, patels, deshmukhs or by any other name, whose duty is to collect land revenue and who are remunerated by a share of, or commission on, the amount of land revenue collected by them but who do not discharge any police functions; and (g) such other class of persons in the service of the Government as may be prescribed: Provided that where any person, in the service of the Government and belonging to any of the classes aforesaid, in the discharge or purported discharge of his official duty, makes any arrangements or provides any facilities or does any other act or thing, for, to, or in relation to, any candidate or his agent or any other person acting with the consent of /the candidate or his election agent (whether by reason of the office held by the candidate or for any other reason), such arrangements, facilities or act or thing shall not be deemed to be assistance for the furtherance of the prospects of that candidate’s election.

158 (8) booth capturing by a candidate or his agent or other person. Explanation.—(1) In this Section, the expression “agent” includes an election agent, a polling agent and any person who is held to have acted as an agent in connection with the election with the consent of the candidate. (2) For the purposes of clause (7), a person shall be deemed to assist in the furtherance of the prospects of a candidate’s election if he acts as an election agent of that candidate. (3) For the purposes of clause (7), notwithstanding anything contained in any other law, the publication in the Official Gazette of the appointment, resignation, termination of service, dismissal or removal from service of a person in the service of the Central Government (including a person serving in connection with the administration of Ua nion territory) or of a State Government shall be conclusive proof— (i) of such appointment, resignation, termination of service, dismissal or removal from service, as the case may be, and (ii) where the date of taking effect of such appointment, resignation, termination of service, dismissal or removal from service, as the case may be, is stated in such publication, also of the fact that such person was appointed with effect from the said date, or in the case of resignation, termination of service, dismissal or removal from service, such person ceased to be in such service with effect from the said date. (4) For the purposes of clause (8), “booth capturing” shall have the same meaning as in Section 135A. Sec. 126. Prohibition of public meetings during period of forty eight hours ending with hour fixed for conclusion of poll (1) No person shall- a) convene, hold or attend, join or address any public meeting or procession in connection with an election; or b) display to the public any election matter by means of cinematograph, television or any other similar apparatus; or c) propagate any election matter to the public by holding, or by arranging the holding of, any musical concert or any theatrical performance or any other entertainment or amusement with a view to attracting the members of the public thereto, d) in any polling area during the period of forty-eight hours ending with fixed for the conclusion of the poll for any election in the polling area. (2) Any person who contravenes the provisions of sub-section (1) shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both. (3) In this section, the expression “election matter” means any matter intended or calculated to influence or affect the result of an election. Sec 158. Return of forfeiture of candidate’s deposits (1) The deposit made under Section 34 or under the Section read with Sub-Section (2) of Section 39 shall either be returned to the person making it or his legal representative or be forfeited to the approximate authority in accordance with the provision of this Section. (2) Except in cases here under mentioned in this Section, the deposit shall be returned as soon as practicable after the result of the election is declared. (3) If the candidate is not shown in the list of contesting candidates, or if he dies before the commencement of the poll, the deposit shall be returned as soon as practicable after the publication of the list or after his death, as the case may be. 159 (4) Subject to the provisions of Sub-Section (3), the deposit shall be forfeited if at an election where a poll has been taken, the candidate is not elected and the number of valid votes polled by him does not exceed one-sixth of the total number of valid votes by all the candidates or in case of election of more than one member at the election, one-sixth of the total number of valid votes so polled divided by the number of members to be elected: Provided that where at an election held in, accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote, a candidate is not elected, the deposit made him shall be forfeited if he does not get more than one-sixth of the number of votes prescribed in this behalf as sufficient to secure the return of a candidate. (5) Notwithstanding anything in Sub-Sections (2), (3) and (4) – (a) If at a general election, the candidate is a contesting candidate in more than one Parliamentary Constituency or in more than one Assembly Constituency, not more than one of the deposits shall be returned, and the others shall be forfeited. (b) If the candidate is a contesting candidate at an election in more than one council constituency or at an election in a council constituency and at an election by the members of the StateL egislative Assembly to fill seats in the Legislative Council, not more than one of the deposits shall be returned, and the others shall be forfeited.

Women voters lining up in a queue outside a polling Station of Mangalore Parliamentary Constituency of Karnataka during General Elections 2004 on April 26, 2004.

160 MAXIMUM ELECTION EXPENSES UNDER CONDUCT OF ELECTION RULES, 1961 (See Rule 90)

The total of the expenditure of which account is to be kept under Section 77 of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961 and which is incurred or authorized in connection with an election in a State or Union territory mentioned in column 2 of the Table below shall not exceed –

(a) in any one Parliamentary Constituency of that State or Union territory, the amount specified in the corresponding column 3 of the said Table; and (b) in any one Assembly Constituency, if any, of that State or Union territory, the amount specified in the corresponding column 4 of the said Table: -

Sl. No. Name of State Maximum limit of election expenses in any one or Parliamentary Assembly Union Territory Constituency Constituency 1 2 3 4 I. STATES: Rs. Rs. 1. Andhra Pradesh 25,00,000 10,00,000 2. Arunachal Pradesh 17,00,000 6,00,000 3. Assam 25,00,000 10,00,000 4. Bihar 25,00,000 10,00,000 5. Chhattisgarh 25,00,000 10,00,000 6. Goa 14,00,000 5,00,000 7. Gujarat 25,00,000 10,00,000 8. Haryana 25,00,000 10,00,000 9. Himachal Pradesh 25,00,000 7,00,000 10. Jammu and Kashmir 25,00,000 --- 11. Jharkhand 25,00,000 10,00,000 12. Karnataka 25,00,000 10,00,000 13. Kerala 25,00,000 10,00,000 14. Madhya Pradesh 25,00,000 10,00,000 15. Maharashtra 25,00,000 10,00,000 16. Manipur 22,00,000 5,00,000 17. Meghalaya 22,00,000 5,00,000 18. Mizoram 20,00,000 5,00,000 19. Nagaland 25,00,000 5,00,000 20. Orissa 25,00,000 10,00,000 21. Punjab 25,00,000 10,00,000 22. Rajasthan 25,00,000 10,00,000 23. Sikkim 17,00,000 5,00,000 24. Tamil Nadu 25,00,000 10,00,000 25. Tripura 25,00,000 5,00,000

161 Sl. No. Name of State Maximum limit of election expenses in any one or Parliamentary Assembly Union Territory Constituency Constituency 26. Uttarakhand 25,00,000 7,00,000 27. Uttar Pradesh 25,00,000 10,00,000 28. West Bengal 25,00,000 10,00,000 II. UNION TERRITORIES: 1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands 17,00,000 -- 2. Chandigarh 14,00,000 -- 3. Dadra and Nagar Haveli 10,00,000 -- 4. Daman and Diu 10,00,000 -- 5. Delhi 25,00,000 9,00,000 6. Lakshadweep 10,00,000 7. Puducherry 20,00,000 5,00,000

An aged voter looking at a poster on Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) outside the polling booth of Raipur Parliamentary Constituency, Chattisgarh for the first phase of General Elections-2004 on April 20, 2004.

162 THE ELECTION SYMBOLS (RESERVATION AND ALLOTMENT) ORDER, 1968

IMPORTANT PROVISIONS

Sec. 4. Allotment of symbols – In every contested election a symbol shall be allotted to a contesting candidate in accordance with the provisions of this Order and different symbols shall be allotted to different contesting candidates at an election in the same constituency. Sec. 5. Classification of symbols – (1) For the purpose of this Order symbols are either reserved or free. (2) Save as otherwise provided in this Order, a reserved symbol is a symbol which is reserved for a recognised political party for exclusive allotment to contesting candidates set up by that party. (3) A free symbol is a symbol other than a reserved symbol. Sec 6. Classification of political parties – (1) For the purposes of this Order and for such other purposes as the Commission may specify as and when necessity therefor arises, political parties are either recognised political parties or unrecognised political parties. (2) A recognised political party shall either be a National party or a State party. Sec 6A. Conditions for recognition as a State Party – A political party shall be eligible for recognition as a State party in a State, if, and only if, any of the following conditions is fulfilled: (i) At the last general election to theL egislative Assembly of the State, the candidates set up by the party have secured not less than six percent of the total valid votes polled in the State; and, in addition, the party has returned at least two members to the Legislative Assembly of that State at such general election; or (ii) At the last general election to the House of the People from that State, the candidates set up by the party have secured not less than six percent of the total valid votes polled in the State; and, in addition, the party has returned at least one member to the House of the People from that State at such general election; or (iii) At the last general election to the Legislative Assembly of the State, the party has won at least three percent of the total number of seats in the Legislative Assembly, (any fraction exceeding half being counted as one), or at least three seats in the Assembly, whichever is more; or (iv) At the last general election to the House of the People from the State, the party has returned at least one member to the House of the People for every 25 members or any fraction thereof allotted to that State. Sec 6B. Conditions for recognition as a National Party – A political party shall be eligible to be recognized as National party, if, and only if, any of the following conditions is fulfilled: (i) The candidates set up by the party, in any four or more States, at the last general election to the House of the People, or to the Legislative Assembly of the State concerned, have secured not less than six percent of the total valid votes polled in each of those States at that general election; and, in addition, it has returned at least four members to the House of the People at the aforesaid last general election from any State or States; or (ii) At the last general election to the House of the People, the party has won at least two percent of the total number of seats in the House of the People, any fraction exceeding half being counted as one; and the party’s candidates have been elected to that House from not less than three States; or

163 (iii) The party is recognized as State party in at least four States. Sec 6C. Conditions for continued recognition as a National or State party. – If a political party is recognised as a State party under paragraph 6A, or as a National party under paragraph 6B, the question whether it shall continue to be so recognised after any subsequent general election to the House of the People or, as the case may be, to the Legislative Assembly of the State concerned, shall be dependent upon the fulfilment by it of the conditions specified in the said paragraphs on the results of that general election.

At present there are • 7 National Parties namely, Bhartiya Janata Party, Bahujan Samaj Party, Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India ( Marxist), Indian National Congress, Nationalist Congress Party and Rashtriya Janta Dal, • 40 State Parties, • 980 Registered Unrecognised Parties.

Engineers checking Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) for the first phase of General Elections-2004 at CEO office in Jammu on April 19, 2004.

164 MODEL CODE OF CONDUCT FOR POLITICAL PARTIES AND CANDIDATES

1. General Conduct (1) No party or candidate shall include in any activity which may aggravate existing differences or create mutual hatred or cause tension between different castes and communities, religious or linguistic. (2) Criticism of other political parties, when made, shall be confined to their policies and programme, past record and work. Parties and Candidates shall refrain from criticism of all aspects of private life, not connected with the public activities of the leaders or workers of other parties. Criticism of other parties or their workers based on unverified allegations or distortion shall be avoided. (3) There shall be no appeal to caste or communal feelings for securing votes. Mosques, Churches, Temples or other places of worship shall not be used as forum for election propaganda. (4) All parties and candidates shall avoid scrupulously all activities which are “corrupt practices” and offences under the election law, such as bribing of voters, intimidation of voters, impersonation of voters, canvassing within 100 meters of polling stations, holding public meetings during the period of 48 hours ending with the hour fixed for the close of the poll, and the transport and conveyance of voters to and from polling station. (5) The right of every individual for peaceful and undisturbed home-life shall be respected, however much the political parties or candidates may resent his political opinions or activities. Organising demonstrations or picketing before the houses of individuals by way of protesting against their opinions or activities shall not be resorted to under any circumstances. (6) No political party or candidate shall permit its or his followers to make use of any individual’s land, building, compound wall etc., without his permission for erecting flag-staffs, suspending banners, pasting notices, writing slogans etc. (7) Political parties and candidates shall ensure that their supporters do not create obstructions in or break up meetings and processions organised by other parties. Workers or sympathisers of one political party shall not create disturbances at public meetings organised by another political party by putting questions orally or in writing or by distributing leaflets of their own party. Processions shall not be taken out by one party along places at which meetings are held by another party. Posters issued by one party shall not be removed by workers of another party. II. Meetings (1) The party or candidate shall inform the local police authorities of the venue and time any proposed meeting well in time so as to enable the police to make necessary arrangements for controlling traffic and maintaining peace and order. (2) A Party or candidate shall ascertain in advance if there is any restrictive or prohibitory order in force in the place proposed for the meeting if such orders exist, they shall be followed strictly. If any exemption is required from such orders, it shall be applied for and obtained well in time. (3) If permission or license is to be obtained for the use of loudspeakers or any other facility in connection with any proposed meeting, the party or candidate shall apply to the authority concerned well in advance and obtain such permission or license.

165 (4) organizers of a meeting shall invariably seek the assistance of the police on duty for dealing with persons disturbing a meeting or otherwise attempting to create disorder. Organisers themselves shall not take action against such persons.

III Procession (1) A Party or candidate organizing a procession shall decide beforehand the time and place of the starting of the procession, the route to be followed and the time and place at which the procession will terminate. There shall ordinary be on deviation from the programme. (2) The organizers shall give advance intimation to the local police authorities of the programme so as to enable the letter to make necessary arrangement. (3) The organisers shall ascertain if any restrictive orders are in force in the localities through which the procession has to pass, and shall comply with the restrictions unless exempted specially by the competent authority. Any traffic regulations or restrictions shall also be carefully adhered to. (4) The organisers shall take steps in advance to arrange for passage of the procession so that there is no block or hindrance to traffic. If the procession is very long, it shall be organised in segments of suitable lengths, so that at convenient intervals, especially at points where the procession has to pass road junctions, the passage of held up traffic could be allowed by stages thus avoiding heavy traffic congestion. (5) Processions shall be so regulated as to keep as much to the right of the road as possible and the direction and advice of the police on duty shall be strictly complied with. (6) If two or more political parties or candidates propose to take processions over the same route or parts thereof at about the same time, the organisers shall establish contact well in advance and decide upon the measures to be taken to see that the processions do not clash or cause hindrance to traffic. The assistance of the local police shall be availed of for arriving at a satisfactory arrangement. For this purpose the parties shall contact the police at the earliest opportunity. (7) The political parties or candidates shall exercise control to the maximum extent possible in the matter of processionists carrying articles which may be put to misuse by undesirable elements especially in moments of excitement. (8) The carrying of effigies purporting to represent member of other political parties or their leaders, burning such effigies in public and such other forms demonstration shall not be countenanced by any political party or candidate. IV. Polling Day All Political parties and candidates shall – ( i ) co-operate with the officers on election duty to ensure peaceful and orderly polling and complete freedom to the voters to exercise their franchise without being subjected to any annoyance or obstruction. ( ii) supply to their authorized workers suitable badges or identity cards; (iii) agree that the identity slip supplied by them to voters hall be on plain (white) paper and shall not contain any symbol, name of the candidate or the name of the party;

166 (iv) refrain from serving or distributing liquor on polling day and during the twenty- four hours preceding it ; ( v) not allow unnecessary crowd to be collected near the camps set up by the political parties and candidates near the polling booths so as to avoid Confrontation and tension among workers and sympathizers of the parties and the candidate; (vi) ensure that the candidate’s camps shall be simple .The shall not display any posters, flags, symbols or any other propaganda material. No eatable shall be served or crowd allowed at the camps; and (vii) co-operate with the authorities in complying with the restrictions to be imposed on the plying of vehicles on the polling day and obtain permits for them which should be displayed prominently on those vehicles. V. Polling Booth Excepting the voters, no one without a valid pass from the Election Commission shall enter thepolling booths. VI. Observers The Election Commission is appointingO bservers. If the candidates or their agents have any specific complaint or problem regarding the conduct of elections they may bring the same to the notice of the Observer. VII. Party in Power The party in power whether at the Centre or in the State or States concerned, shall ensure that no cause is given for any complaint that it has used its official position for the purposes of its election campaign and in particular - (i) (a) The Ministers shall not combine their official visit with electioneering work and shall not also make use of official machinery or personnel during the electioneering work; (b) government transport including official air-crafts, vehicles, machinery and personnel shall not be used for furtherance of the interest of the party in power; (ii) Public places such as maidans etc., for holding election meetings, and use of helipads for air-flights in connection with elections shall not be monopolized by itself. Other parties and candidates shall be allowed the use of such places and facilities on the same terms and conditions on which they are used by the party in power; (iii) Rest houses, dark bungalows or other Government accommodation shall not be monopolized by the party in power or its candidates and such accommodation shall be allowed to be used by other parties and candidates in a fair manner but no party or candidate shall use or be allowed to use such accommodation (including premises appertaining thereto) as a campaign office or for holding any public meeting for the purposes of election propaganda; (iv) Issue of advertisement at the cost of public exchequer in the newspapers and other media andthe misuse of official mass media during the election period for partisan coverage of political news and publicity regarding achievements with a view to furthering the prospects of the party in power shall be scrupulously avoided. (v) Ministers and other authorities shall not sanction grants/payments out of discretionary funds from the time elections are announced by the Commission; and

167 (vi) From the time elections are announced by Commission, Ministers and other authorities shall not – (a) announce any financial grants in any form or promises thereof; or (b) (except civil servants) lay foundation stones etc. of projects or schemes of any kind; or (c) make any promise of construction of roads, provision of drinking water facilities etc.; or (d) make any ad-hoc appointments in Government, Public Undertakings etc. which may have the effect of influencing the voters in favour of the party in power. Note : The Commission shall announce the date of any election which shall be a date ordinarily not more than three weeks prior to the date on which the notification is likely to be issued in respect of such elections. (vii) Ministers of Central or State Government shall not enter any polling station or place of counting except in their capacity as a candidate or voter or authorised agent.

SOME FACTS ABOUT MODEL CODE OF CONDUCT

• The Model Code of Conduct was agreed to by all the political parties in 1968. • The Election Commission first effectively put to use the Model Code of Conduct in the year 1991 to ensure fair elections and level playing field . • The Election Commission monitors and enforces the Code through Election Observers. • It ensures that party in power does not get undue advantage over the political rivals.

168 ELECTION COMMISSION’s ORDER REGARDING ADVERTISEMENTS OF POLITICAL NATURE ON T.V CHANNELS & CABLE T.V NETWORKS (No. 509/75 2004/JS-I Dated 15th April.2004)

ORDER

1. whereas, Section 6 of the Cable Television (Regulation) Act. 1995. provides that no person shall transmit or re-transmit through a cable service any advertisement unless such advertisement is in conformity with the prescribed advertisement code; and 2. whereas, Sub- rule (3) of Rule 7 of the Cable Television Network (Regulations) Rules, 1994 laying down the advertising code in terms of the abovementioned Section 6 provides that “no advertisement shall be permitted, the objects whereof, are wholly or mainly of a religious or political nature; advertisements must not be directed towards any religious or political end”; and 3. whereas, the High Court of Andhra Pradesh, by its judgment and order dated 23-03-2004 in WPMP No.5214/2004 (Gemini TV Pvt. Ltd. Vs. Election Commission of India and others), suspended the above mentioned provisions of Rule 7(3) of the Cable Television Network (Regulation) Rules, 1994; and 4. whereas the Hon’ble Supreme court, by its interim order dated 2-4-2004. In SLP (Civil) No.6679/2004 (Ministry of Information & Broadcasting Vs M/s Gemini TV and Others), in substitution of the order under challenge, had directed as below: - (i) No cable operator or TV channel shall telecast any advertisement, which does not conform to the law of the country and which offends the morality, decency and susceptibility of views or which is shocking, disgusting and revolting; (ii) The telecast shall be monitored by the Election Commissioner of India; (iii) The question as to whether the expenditure incurred by the candidate on inserting such advertisement should or should not be included, shall be considered on 5th April, 2004; and (iv) The modalities whether such advertisements are in conformity with law, shall be laid down by the Election Commissioner of India. 5. whereas, The Hon’ble by its further order dated 13th April. 2004, in SLP (Civil) No. 6679/2004 has directed as follows: “--- Before we pass the order, it will be worthwhile to notice certain provisions of the Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995 [for short, “the Act”], as amended from time to time, and the Rules framed there under. The object of the Act is to regulate the operation of the cable television network in the country. Section 6 of the Act provides that no person shall transmit or retransmit through a cable service any advertisement unless such advertisement is in conformity with the prescribed advertisement code. Section 11 of the Act provides that if any authorized officer has reason to believe that the provisions of the Act have been or are being contravened by any cable operator, he may seize the equipment being used by such cable operator for operating the cable television network. Section 12 of the Act provides for confiscation of the equipment in the event of any violation of the provisions of the Act. Similarly, Section 13 of the Act also provides for seizure or confiscation of the equipment and punishment. Section 16 further provides for punishment for contravention of the provisions of the Act. Section 19 lays down that an authorized officer, if he thinks necessary or expedient so to do in the public interest, may, by order, prohibit any cable operator from transmitting or re-transmitting any advertisement which is not in conformity with the prescribed programme code and advertisement code and it is likely to promote enmity on grounds of religion, race, language, caste or community or any other grounds whatsoever, disharmony or feelings of enmity, hatred or ill-will between different religion, racial, linguistic or regional groups or castes or communities or which is likely to disturb public tranquility. Section 22 of the Act empowers the Central Government to frame Rules to carry out the

169 provisions of Act. The Central Government in exercise of the powers conferred on it by Section 22 of the Act is empowered to make Rules which arc known as The Cable Television Networks Rules, 1994 [for short, “the Rules”]. Rule 7 of the Rules provides that where an advertisement is carried in the cable service it shall be so designed as to conform to the laws of the country and should not offend morality, decency and religious susceptibilities of the subscribers. Subrule (2), inter alia, provides that no advertisement shall be permitted which derides any race, caste, colour, creed and nationality, is against any provision of the Constitution of India and tends to incite people to crime, cause disorder or violence or breach of law or glorifies violence or obscenity in any way. Sub-rule (3) further provides that no advertisement shall be permitted the objects whereof are wholly or mainly of religious or political nature, advertisements must not be directed towards any religious or political end. It is in this background, we now propose to pass the following order: Every registered National and State, political party and every contesting candidate proposing to issue advertisement on television channel and/or cable network will have to apply to the Election Commission/Designated Officer (as designated by the Election Commission) not later than three days prior to the date of the proposed commencement of the telecast of such advertisement. In case of any other person or unregistered political parties, they will have to apply not later than seven days prior to the date of the telecast. Such application shall be accompanied by two copies of the proposed advertisement in electronic form along with a duly attested transcript thereof. In case of first phase of elections, the application shall be disposed of within two days of its receipt and until decision thereon is taken, our order dated 2nd April, 2004, shall apply. In case of subsequent phase of election, the application shall be disposed of within three days of its receipt and until the decision thereon is taken, our order dated 2nd April, 2004, shall apply. While disposing of such applications, it will be open to the Election Commission/Designated Officer to direct deletion/modification of any part of the advertisement. The application for certification shall contain following details: (a) The cost of production of the advertisement; (b) The approximate cost of proposed telecast of such advertisement on a television channel or cable network with the break-up of number of insertions and rate proposed to be charged for each such insertion; (c) It shall also contain a statement whether the advertisement inserted is for the benefit of the prospects of the election of a candidate(s)/parties; (d) If the advertisement is issued by any person other than a political party or a candidate, that person shall state on oath that it is not for the benefit of the political party or a candidate and that the said advertisement has not been sponsored or commissioned or paid for by any political party or a candidate; and (e) A statement that all the payments shall be made by way of cheque or demand draft. We find that Section 2(a) of the Act defines “authorized officer”, within his local limits of jurisdiction, as (a) District Magistrate; (b) Subdivisional Magistrate; or (c) or Commissioner of Police. Similarly, Section 28- A of the Representation of People Act, 1951 provides that the Returning Officer, Assistant Returning Officer, Presiding Officer, Polling Officer and any other officer appointed under this part and any police officer designated for the time being by the State Government, for the conduct of any election shall be deemed to be on deputation to the Election Commission for the period commencing on and from the date of the notification calling for such election and ending with the date of declaration of results of such election and, accordingly, such officer shall during that period, be subject to the control, superintendence and discipline of the Election Commission. Since it is not physically possible for the Election Commission to have a pre-censorship of all the advertisements on various cable networks and television channels, it has become necessary to authorize the Election Commission to delegate its powers in this behalf to the respective District Magistrates of all

170 the States or Union Territories, not below the rank of a Sub-divisional Magistrate or a member of the State Provincial Civil Service. This may be done by a general order issued by the Election Commission. These officers shall act under the control, superintendence and discipline of the Election Commission. The Election Commission in its turn may delegate its powers to the Chief Electoral Officer of each State or the Union Territories, as the case may be. The Chief Electoral Officer of each State or Union Territory may appoint a committee for entertaining complaints or grievances of any political party or candidate or any other person in regard to the decision to grant or to refuse certification of an advertisement. The committee so appointed shall communicate its decision to the Election Commission. The committee so constituted will function under the overall superintendence, direction and control of the Election Commission of India. The decision given by the committee shall be binding and complied with by the political parties, candidates, or any other person applying for advertisements in electronic media subject to what has been stated above. The comments and observations for deletion or modification, as the case may be, made, shall be binding and complied with by the concerned political party or contesting candidate or any other person within twenty four hours from the receipt of such communication and the advertisement so modified will be re-submitted for review and certification. We may clarify that provisions of Section 126 of the Representation of People Act, 1951, shall apply to the advertisement covered by this order. If any political party, candidate or any other person is aggrieved by the decision taken either by the committee or by the Designated Officer/Election Commission it will be open for them to approach only this court for clarification or appropriate orders and no other court, tribunal or authority shall entertain any petition in regard to the complaint against such advertisement. This order shall come into force with effect from 16th April, 2004 and shall continue to be in force till 10th May, 2004. This order is being issued in exercise of the powers under Article 142 of the Constitution of India and it shall bind all the political parties, candidates, persons, group of persons or Trusts who propose to insert the advertisement in the electronic media, including cable network and/or television channels as well as cable operators. It will be open to the Election Commission to requisition such staff as may be necessary for monitoring the telecast of such advertisements. Where the Election Commission is satisfied that there is a violation of this order or any provisions of the Act, it will issue an order to the violator to forthwith stop such violations and it will also be open to direct seizure of the equipments. Every order shall be promptly complied with by the person(s) on whom such order is served. The funds to meet the cost of monitoring the advertisements should be made available to the Election Commission by the Union of India. Adequate publicity of this order shall be given by the Union of India on the electronic media and through print media. This order is in continuation of the order passed by this Court on 2n April, 2004 and shall remain in operation as an interim measure till 10th May, 2004. Subject to the aforesaid order, the judgment of the High Court of Andhra Pradesh dated 23rd March 2004 shall remain stayed. This order is passed not in derogation of but in addition to the powers of the Central Government in regard to the breach of the provisions of the Act.” 6. Now therefore, in pursuance of the aforesaid directions of the Hon’ble Supreme Court, the Election Commission hereby directs as follows: - (i) The Chief Electoral Officer Delhi is hereby directed to constitute a Committee comprising

171 the following persons to deal with the applications by the political parties and organizations mentioned in para (ii) herein below:- a) The Joint Chief Electoral officer - Chairperson. b) Returning Officer of an Parliamentary Constituency in Delhi. c) One expert being an officer not below the rank of Class-1 officer to be requisitioned from the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. (ii) The above Committee will entertain applications for certification of any advertisement to be inserted in a television channel or cable network by the following:- a) All registered political parties having their headquarters in NCT of Delhi. b) All groups or organizations or associations or persons having their headquarters in NCTof Delhi. (iii) The Chief Electoral Officer of even- other State/Union Territory is hereby directed to constitute the following Committee to deal with applications by political parties and organizations mentioned in para (iv) below:- a) The Additional, Joint Chief Electoral Officer - Chairperson. b) Returning Officer of any Parliamentary constituency located in the capital of the State. c) One expert being an officer not below the rank of Class-1 officer to be requisitioned from the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. (iv) The Committee constituted in para (iii) above will entertain applications for certification for advertisement on television channel and cable network by the following:- (a) All registered political parties having their headquarters in that State /Union Territory, (b) All organisations or group of persons or associations having their registered offices in that State/ Union Territory. (v) The Returning Officer of every Parliamentary constituency in the country are hereby declared as Designated Officers for the purpose of entertaining application for certification ofan advertisement proposed to be issued on cable network or television channel by an individual candidate contesting the election from the Parliamentary’ constituency of which such Designated Officer is the Returning Officer and candidates contesting in the Assembly constituencies falling within that Parliamentary constituency. The said Returning Officer may co-opt any ofthe Assistant Returning Officers, not below the rank of a Sub-divisional Magistrate belonging to the State Provincial Civil Service to assist him in the task of certification of applications. 7. The Chief Electoral Officer of every State/Union Territory will constitute the following Committee to entertain complaints/grievances of any political party or candidate or any other person in regard to the decision to grant or refuse certification of an advertisement:- (i) The Chief Electoral Officer - Chairperson. (ii) Any Observer appointed by the Election Commission of India (iii) One expert to be co-opted by the Committee other than the one mentioned in paras 6 (i) and 6 (iii) above. 8. The applications for certification of any advertisements by every registered political parties and every contesting candidates shall be made to the Committees mentioned in paras 6 (i) and 6 (iii) above or the Designated Officer as mentioned in para 6 (iv) above, as the case may be, not later than 3 (three) days prior to the date of the commencement of the telecast of such advertisem ents. In the case of first phase of elections such applications shall be disposed of within 2 (two) days of its receipt and until decision thereon is taken, the order of the Supreme Court dated 2-4-2004 shall apply.

172 9. Where an application for certification of advertisement is by any other person or unregistered political parties, it will have to be made not later than 7 (seven) days prior to the date of telecast. 10. Every such application, in the format prescribed at Annexure A, shall be accompanied bythe following: (i) Two copies of the proposed advertisement in the electronic form along with a duly attested transcript thereof, (ii) The application for certification shall contain following details:- a) The cost of production of the advertisement: b) The approximate cost of proposed telecast of such advertisement on a television channel or cable network with the break-up of number of insertions and rate proposed to be charged for each such insertion: c) It shall also contain a statement whether the advertisement inserted is for the benefit of the prospects of the election of a candidate(s)/parties; d) If the advertisement is issued by any person other than a political party or a candidate, that person shall state on oath that it is not for the benefit of the political party or a candidate and that the said advertisement has not been sponsored or commissioned or paid for by any political party or a candidate: e) A statement that all the payment shall be made by way of cheque or demand draft. 11. While taking a decision on the applications for certification of an advertisement, it will be open for the Committees constituted in para 6 (i) and 6 (iii) above or the Designated Officer as in para 6 (v) above or the review Committee as constituted in para 7 above to direct deletion/modification of any part of the advertisement. Every such order making comments and observation for deletion and modification shall be binding and be complied by the concerned political party or contesting candidate or any other person within 24 hours from the receipt of such communication. The advertisement so modified will be re-submitted for review and certification. 12. Where the Committees constituted in para 6 (i) and 6 (iii) above or the Designated Officer or the review Committee as constituted in para 7 above as the case may be, is satisfied that the advertisement meets the requirements of the law and in accordance with the directions of the Supreme Court as inserted in paras 4 and 5 above, it should issue a certificate to the effect of the advertisement concerned is fit for telecast. The format for the certificate is at Annexure B. 13. The directions contained in the order dated 13t h April 2004 by Supreme Court shall bestrictly complied with by everyone concerned and will remain in operation till 10th May 2004 and it shall bind all the political parties, candidates, persons, group of persons or Trusts who propose to insert the advertisements in the electronic media, including the cable networks and/or television channels as well as cable operators.

173 ELECTION COMMISSION’s ORDER REGARDING ADVERTISEMENTS OF POLITICAL NATURE ON RADIO (No. 509/75/2004/J.S-I/Vol.II/RCC/ Dated: 21st November, 2008)

ORDER

Sub: The Commission’s order dated 15th April, 2004, regarding advertisements of political nature on T.V Channels & Cable T.V. Networks - Extension to Radio 1. The Commission. vide its order No. 509/75/2004/JS-I dated 15th April, 2004, in pursuance of the order dated 13-4-2004 of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in SLP(Civil) No. 6679/2004(Ministry of I&B Vs M/s Gemini TV and Others), issued directions regarding advertisements of political nature on T.V Channels & Cable T.V. Networks. 2. The Ministry of Information & Broadcasting has, vide their letter No. 1/04/2004- BC.IV dated 20th November, 08, informed that clause-II (4) of the Code for Commercial Advertising on All India Radio, has been amended by adding the following proviso :- “But advertisements in the form of spots and jingles on payment of prescribed fees, from political parties /candidates/any other person shall be accepted only in respect of General Elections to Lok Sabha/ General Election to the State Assemblies/General Election to Local bodies during the period when the Model Code of Conduct is in force. Such advertisements shall be subject to prebroadcast scrutiny by the Election Commission of India/authorities under the Election Commission of India in respect of elections to Lok Sabha and the State Assemblies and State Election Commissions in the case of Local bodies.” 3. In view of the above, the Commission has directed that its order dated 15th April, 2004, regarding advertisements of political nature on TV Channel/Cable Networks shall apply to advertisements on Radio also, including the Private FM Channels, during the period Model Code of Conduct is in operation in connection with general election to the House of the People or to the Legislative Assembly of any State/UT. Accordingly, for broadcasting any advertisement of political nature on Radio, application for certification for broadcast shall be submitted to the Committee set up in the office of the Chief Electoral Officer of the State concerned for pre-broadcast scrutiny and certification permitting broadcast ofthe advertisement. The application shall be submitted in the same format as the one prescribed vide the order dated 15-4-2004 for advertisement on TV Channel/Cable Networks, alongwith the Tape/ CD and an attested transcript of the proposed advertisement . The format for certification of advertisement shall also be the same as that prescribed in the order dated 15-4-2004. The reference to ‘telecast’ in these formats shall be read to include ‘broadcast’ for the purposes of advertisements on Radio. 4. It is clarified that all other directions and the conditions specified in the order dated 15th April, 2004, and the subsequent instructions on the subject shall apply in the case of advertisements of political nature on Radio.

174 ELECTION COMMISSION’s GUIDELINES FOR PUBLICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF RESULTS OF OPINION POLLS / EXIT POLLS (No.509/121/2004/JS-1 Dated : 17th February, 2009)

ORDER

Subject:- Guidelines for Publication and Dissemination of Results of Opinion polls/Exit polls.

The Election Commission had issued anO rder on 20th January, 1998 prescribing the following guidelines for publication and dissemination of results of opinion polls and exit polls.:

(i) The organizations or agencies conducting Opinion Polls shall be free to conduct such polls, and publish results thereof, in or by any print or electronic media, at any time, except the period mentioned in clause (ii), during the run up to the polls for the aforesaid general elections to the House of the People and State Legislative Assemblies mentioned above.

(ii) No result of any opinion poll conducted at any time shall be published, publicized or disseminated, in any manner whatsoever, in or by any print or electronic media, after 1700 hours on the th th 14 February, 1998 (16 February, 1998 being the first day of poll for the aforesaid general elections) and till half an hour after the closing of poll in all States andU nion Territories, expect three Parliamentary Constituencies in the State of Jammu and Kashmir i.e., 1730 hours on the 28th February, 1998.

(iii) The above organizations and agencies shall also be free to conduct exit polls. But the result of any such exit poll conducted at any time shall also not be published, publicized or disseminated, in any manner whatsoever, in or by any print or electronic media, at any time from 0700 hours on the 16th February, 1998 (being the first day of poll for the aforesaid general elections) and till half an hour after the closing of poll in all States and union Territories, except three Parliamentary constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir, i.e. 1730 hours on the 28th February, 1998.

(iv) Any organizations or agencies conducting any Opinion Poll or Exit Poll, while publishing, publicizing or disseminating the result of any such poll, must indicate the sample size of the electorate covered by such polls and geographic spread of survey so conducted. They must invariably give the details of methodology followed, likely percentage of errors, the professional background and experience of the organization or organizations and the key professionals involved in the conduct and analysis of the poll.” 2. The above guidelines were followed by the media and other organizations/agencies in the general election to the House of the People and legislative assemblies held in 1998. The Commission vide its order dated 20th August, 1999, again adopted these guidelines for the then ensuing general election to the House of the People. The order was challenged in the Hon’ble Supreme Court in writ petition No. 80 of 1998 and some other connected petitions.D uring the course of the hearing of the said matters before the Hon’ble Supreme Court, in September, 1999, the Commission opted to withdraw the said guidelines and accordingly issued an order on 14th September,1999, withdrawing the guidelines. 3. In a meeting convened by the Commission with the recognized National and State Political parties on the 6th April, 2004, all the political parties which attended the meeting expressed the unanimous view that publishing the results of opinion polls and exit polls should not be permitted till the completion of the poll in all constituencies in multiphased elections. A similar view was expressed by some of the political parties in the meeting held by the Commission on 3rd February, 2009.

175 4. In the meanwhile, a writ petition (WP (C)No. 207 of 2004), was filed before the Hon’ble Supreme Court seeking the following reliefs:- (a) that the result and analysis of the opinion polls and exit polls be not published in the newspaper, magazines and other print media and also by electronic media including radio, television and internet; (b) direct the Election Commission to enforce its guidelines issued from time to time dated 20-01- 98, 10-02-98 and 20-08-99 particularly in view of Section 126 of the Representation of the People Act.” 5. In the above writ petition, the Hon’ble Supreme Court passed the following order on 19-01- 2009: “ Adjourned, in view of the pending legislation which, we are told, has already been initiated by the Rajya Sabha. We make it clear that, in the meantime, Election Commission would be at liberty to issue any other appropriate direction.” 6. The Commission has considered the matter. In pursuance of the above mentioned order of the Hon’ble Supreme Court, the Commission, in exercise of its powers under Article 324 of the Constitution, and all other powers enabling it in this behalf, issues the following directions with regard to dissemination of results of opinion polls and exit polls regarding elections to the Lok Sabha and Legislative Assemblies of States/Union Territories, by any media/agency./ organization/individuals: 7. No result of any opinion poll or exit poll conducted at any time shall be published, publicized or disseminated in any manner, whatsoever, by print, electronic or any other media, at any time- (a) during the period of 48 hours ending with the hour fixed for closing of poll in an election held in a single phase; and (b) in a multi-phased election, and in the case of elections in different States announced simultaneously, at any time during the period starting from 48 hours before the hour fixed for closing of poll in the first phase of the election and till the poll is concluded in all the phases in all States. Explanation: In this Order: - (a) Electronic media’ includes Radio and Television -both Government owned and Private and covers Satellite/DTH, Terrestrial and Cable Channels. (b) `Dissemination’ includes publication in any newspaper, magazine or periodical, or displayon electronic media, or circulation by means of any pamphlet, poster, placard, handbill or any other document.

176 PRESS COUNCIL OF INDIA’S GUIDELINES ON ELECTION REPORTING-1996 i) General Election is a very important feature of our democracy and it is imperative that the media transmits to the electorate fair and objective reports of the election campaign by the contesting parties. Freedom of the Press depends to a large measure on the Press itself behaving with a sense of responsibility. It is, therefore, necessary to ensure that the media adheres to this principle of fair and objective reporting of the election campaign.

The Press Council has, therefore, formulated the following guidelines to the media for observance during elections:

1. It will be the duty of the Press to give objective reports about elections and the candidates. The newspapers are not expected to indulge in unhealthy election campaigns, exaggerated reports about any candidate/party or incident during the elections. In practice, two or three closely contesting candidates attract all the media attention.W hile reporting on the actual campaign, a newspaper may not leave out any important point raised by a candidate and make an attack on his or her opponent.

2. Election campaign along communal or caste lines is banned under the election rules. Hence, the Press should eschew reports which tend to promote feelings of enmity or hatred between people on the ground of religion, race, caste, community or language.

3. The Press should refrain from publishing false or critical statements in regard to the personal character and conduct of any candidate or in relation to the candidature or withdrawal of any candidate or his candidature, to prejudice the prospects of that candidate in the elections. The Press shall not publish unverified allegations against any candidate/party.

4. The Press shall not accept any kind of inducement, financial or otherwise, to project a candidate/party. It shall not accept hospitality or other facilities offered to them by or on behalf of any candidate/party.

5. The Press is not expected to indulge in canvassing of a particular candidate/party. If it does, it shall allow the right of reply to the other candidate/party.

6. The Press shall not accept/publish any advertisement at the cost of public exchequer regarding achievements of a party/ government in power.

7. The Press shall observe all the directions/orders/instructions of the Election Commission/Returning Officers or Chief Electoral Officer issued from time to time. ii) Guidelines on ‘Pre-poll’ and ‘Exit-polls’ Survey-1996 The Press Council of India having considered the question of desirability or otherwise of publication of findings of pre-poll surveys and the purpose served by them, is of the view that the newspapers should not allow their forum to be used for distortions and manipulations of the elections and should not allow themselves to be exploited by the interested parties. The Press Council, therefore, advises that in view of the crucial position occupied by the electoral process in a representative democracy like ours, the newspapers should be on guard against their precious forum being used for distortions and manipulations of the elections. This has become necessary to emphasize today since the print media is sought to be increasingly exploited by the interested individuals and groups to misguide and mislead the unwary voters by subtle and not so subtle propaganda on casteist, religious

177 and ethnic basis as well as by the use of sophisticated means like the alleged pre-poll surveys.W hile the communal and seditious propaganda is not difficult to detect in many cases, the interested use of the pre-poll survey, sometimes deliberately planted, is not so easy to uncover. The Press Council, therefore, suggests that whenever the newspapers publish pre-poll surveys, they should take care to preface them conspicuously by indicating the institutions which have carried such surveys, the individuals and organisations which have commissioned the surveys, the size and nature of sample selected, the method of selection of the sample for the findings and the possible margin of error in the findings. 2. Further in the event of staggered poll dates, the media is seen to carry exit-poll surveys of the polls already held. This is likely to influence the voters where the polling is yet to commence. With a view to ensure that the electoral process is kept pure and the voters’ minds are not influenced by any external factors, it is necessary that the media does not publish the exit-poll surveys till the last poll is held. 3. The Press Council, therefore, requests the Press to abide by the following guideline in respect of the exit polls:

Guideline: No newspaper shall publish exit-poll surveys, however, genuine they may be, till the last of the polls is over.

Long queue of voters at a polling booth in Ernakulam of Kerala on May 10, 2004.

178 VIII

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

179 180 ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE

Q. 1. what is an Electronic Voting Machine? Ans. It is a simple electronic device used to record votes in place of ballot papers and boxes which were used earlier in conventional voting system. Q. 2. what are the advantages of EVM over the traditional ballot paper/ballot box system? Ans. (i) It eliminates the possibility of invalid and doubtful votes which, in many cases, are the root causes of controversies and election petitions. (ii) It makes the process of counting of votes much faster than the conventional system. (iii) It reduces to a great extent the quantity of paper used thus saving a large number of trees making the process eco-friendly. (iv) It reduces cost of printing almost nil as only one sheet of ballot paper required for each Polling Station. Q. 3. Apart from India which are the other countries that use EVMs in elections? Ans. Bhutan used the Indian EVMs for the whole country during their last elections. These machines were also used by Nepal for some of their constituencies during the last general elections in the country. Q. 4. when was the EVM introduced in India? Ans. It was first used in 1982 in the bye-election to Parur Assembly Constituency of Kerala for a limited number of polling stations (50 polling stations). Q. 5. what are the unique features of Indian EVMs? Ans. It is a simple machine that can be operated easily by both the polling personnel and the voters. It is sturdy enough to withstand rough handling and variable climatic conditions. Being a stand alone machine without any network connectivity, nobody can interfere with its programming and manipulate the result. Keeping the erratic power supply position in many places in the country, the machines have been made to run on batteries. Q. 6. what was the necessity to switch to EVM from ballot paper election? Ans. Counting of Ballot papers at an election used to take long hours creating a charged atmosphere for the counting officials as well as candidates/political parties. Sometimes this was aggravated further by the demand for recounting resulting for the low margin of difference of votes between the top 2 candidates coupled with large number of invalid and doubtful votes. Q. 7. who manufacture EVMs in India? Ans. The two Central Governement undertakings i.e. Bharat Electronics Limited and Electronics Corporation of India Limited are the only manufacturers from whom the EVMs are procured by the Election Commission of India. Q. 8. Before approving EVM whether ECI consulted the political parties? Ans. yes. The matter was discussed with all the recognized political parties and demonstration held before them. Q. 9. whether ECI took the advice of technical expert before approving the EVM? Ans. yes. Before inducting the EVMs, opinion of the Technical Committee comprising Prof. S. Sampath, Prof. P.V. Indiresan and Dr. C Rao Kasarbada was obtained. The Committee examined the machines minutely from all technical angles and unanimously recommended their use in elections.

181 Q. 10. what are the features of Control Unit? Ans. The Control Unit is the main unit which stores all data and controls the functioning of EVM. The program which controls the functioning of the control unit is burnt into a micro chip on a “one time programmable basis”. Once burnt it cannot be read, copied out or altered. The EVMs use dynamic coding to enhance security of data transmitted from ballot unit to control unit. The new EVMs have also got real time clock and date-time stamping facility which enables them to record the exact time and date whenever a key is pressed. After the voting is completed and the close button is pressed, the machine does not accept any data or record any vote. Through the press of “total” button, the control unit can display the number of votes recorded till that time which can be cross checked with the register of voters in Form 17-A. The display system of the control unit shows the total number of votes polled in a polling station and the candidate-wise votes polled in the machine when the ‘result’ button is pressed by the counting staff in the presence of counting agents at the counting centre. The control unit can also detect any physical tampering made with the connecting cable and indicate the same in the display unit. Q.11. How the EVMs can be used in the areas where there is no electricity? Ans. The EVM does not depend on electricity. It runs on alkaline batteries. Q. 12. what is the maximum number of votes which can be cast in the EVM? Ans. An EVM can record a maximum of 3840 votes which far exceeds the number of voters(usually less then 1400) assigned to a polling station. Q. 13. In some elections large number of candidates contest. What is the maximum number of candidates which EVM can cater to? Ans. Elections can be conducted through EVMs when the maximum number of candidates does not exceed 64. Q. 14. what will happen if the number of contesting candidate goes beyond 64? Ans. In such cases poll has to be conducted through conventional method of ballot papers/boxes. Q. 15. How an illiterate voter will know the steps to vote by using EVM at the polling station? Whose help should he take? Ans. The Presiding Officer will have a card-board replica of the ballot unit with him. Through this he will demonstrate you how to vote through the EVM. He will, however, not be allowed to enter the polling chamber where the actual ballot unit is kept. Q. 16. Can anybody tamper with the EVMs? Ans. utmost care has been taken to make the EVM tamper proof. The programming of the microprocessor chip used in EVMs is burned into the chip. The fused program can neither be altered nor overwritten. Any attempt to burn additional or substitute code on the chip would destroy its existing program and render it unusable/useless. As an additional precautionary measure, the machines prepared for a poll are physically sealed in the presence of candidates or their agents and kept in secure strong rooms guarded by Central Police Force which can also be watched by the representatives of the candidates. The storage places for these pre-poll or polled EVMs can be accessed only by following a stringent procedure set by the Commission ensuring complete transparency. Q. 17. whether EVM can be pre-programmed by anybody to favour any party or candidate? Ans. In order to programme a substituted chip to transfer votes preferentially to a particular candidate, it would be necessary for the program to identify the serial number of the favoured candidate. Since the order in which the candidates appear on the reference ballot paper depends upon the nominations filed and found valid, it cannot be predicted in advance before the list of contesting candidates is actually drawn up.

182 Q. 18. what are the procedures ECI follows to ensure transparency and to prove that EVM is not manipulated by anybody? Ans. The Commission has set up stringent procedures at various stages to ensure the security of the machines. The machines are manufactured only by two public sector undertakings conforming to the specifications prescribed by the Commission in consultation with the Technical Committee comprising of renowned professionals. The machines are checked only by the engineers of the two PSUs before each election. These are generally stored in Strong rooms in district headquarters where the entry is restricted. A person is allowed inside the store only after making necessary entries in the Log Book indicating the date and time of entry alongwith purpose for doing so. Once the machines are prepared for poll by the Returning Officer affixing ballot papers, they are taken to the strong room in the presence of the Election Observer, candidates or their agents and kept under double lock on which the candidates/agents can put their seals. The whole process is also videographed. The polled EVMs are stored in strong rooms following similar procedures and are guarded by the security forces in a three tier cordon. The candidates or their agents are also allowed to keep an watch on the strong room from a visible distance. Q. 19. what is new procedure called “EVM randomization”, can I know why this is being done? Ans. Despite the EVMs being tamper proof, further precautions are taken by way of a two stage randomization process for the EVMs to be used in an election. This is done to make sure that nobody comes to know beforehand to which constituency/ polling station a specific EVM will be used. For this purpose, serial numbers of all the EVMs to be used under the jurisdiction of a District Election Officer are listed. The EVMs which are to be used in a particular constituency is then randomly selected through a computerized process which is known as first level randomization. Another randomization called second level randomization is done by the Returning Officer afterwards to determine which specific EVM will be used at a particular polling station of that constituency. Q. 20. Suppose on the poll day an EVM developes problem, in that case what is the remedy available? Ans. The defective EVM is immediately replaced by a new one by the Sector Officer who constantly moves with spare polling materials in the area allotted to him covering a few polling stations. Q. 21. What is a procedure followed to seal the EVM? Why this is being done? How this is being done? Ans. Physical sealing of different segments of an EVM is done to prevent access to the buttons controlling various process of the poll. This is done in several stages. Sealing of ballot screen of the ballot unit and the candidate set section of the control unit are done under the supervision of ReturningO fficer in the presence of the candidates or their agents to prevent tampering with the alignment of the ballot paper and making unwanted changes in the candidate buttons that are actually required for a particular poll. Similarly if the result section is not sealed, any one can see the result of a particular polling station before it is taken up for counting at the counting center on the specified date. The candidates or their agents are invited by the election authorities to put their signatures on the tags/ paper seals along with the seals of the Returning/Presiding Officers. Q. 22. After poll, where the EVMs are kept till counting? Ans. The polled EVMs are generally stored in a secure storage centre in the constituency or a nearby place on which the candidates or their representatives can keep an watch. Mostly it is the same place where the counting is done. Q. 23. How the votes are counted in EVM? Ans. In the Counting Centre, the EVMs are kept on a number of counting tables whose number does not normally exceed 14. Seating arrangements are made for the counting agents in such a way that they can clearly watch the EVM and its display. When the result button of an EVM is pressed, its display segment indicates the total number of votes polled in a particular polling station and then shows the votes polled by each candidate in a serial order. Besides the counting staff, these are noted by the

183 counting agents also. At the end of each round, the result of that round and the progressive total is announced. The result is compiled by summing up the round wise totals. Q. 24. In our country electoral malpractices such as booth capturing etc. are reported here and there. Whether EVMs are helpful in preventing booth capturing? Ans. There is no way to prevent booth capturing as such if the EVM itself is snatched away by the booth capturers. However, the machine can not register more than 5 votes in a minute or 300 votes in an hour whereas a ballot box could be stuffed with any number of ballot papers. Further, on the sight of the booth- capturers, the Presiding Officer can stop the polling by pressing the “Close” button in the Control unit. Q. 25. Is it possible to use EVM in simultaneous election for Parliament and State Legislative Assembly? Ans. yes, simultaneous election for Parliamentary and State Legislative Assembly can be conducted through EVMs. Two separate EVMs – one for the Parliamentary election and the other for the Assembly election are used in such a situation. Q. 26. How long the Control Unit stores the result in its memory? Ans The result is stored permanently in the memory chip of the EVM till it is intentionally cleared for readying the machine for subsequent elections. Removal of batteries from the machine does not have any effect on its memory. Q. 27. At the time of counting, suppose a display in EVM is not showing the result in such case how the result can be verified? Ans. The manufacturers of the EVMs have developed an “Auxiliary Display Unit” (ADU). With the use of this ADU, results can be retrieved most of the times when there is a failure of the original display on the Control unit. Q. 28. Is it possible to vote more than once by pressing the button again and again? Ans. No. Once a candidate button is pressed, it will record the vote in favour of the candidate shown against the button. The machine will not record any more vote until the ballot button of the Control Unit is pressed again by the Presiding/Polling Officer. Q. 29. Earlier there was a system of mixing ballot papers so that the voting preference in a particular polling station is not known. Now the EVMs are counted one by one and the voting preference of a particular polling station become known to everybody – Can anything be done about it? Ans. A device called ‘Totaliser” has been developed by the manufacturers of the EVMs which can, at a time, connected with several control units. It will then indicate the total number of votes polled in each polling station where these EVMs had been used as well as the grand total of votes polled in those polling stations. The number of votes polled by each candidate will, however, be shown for the whole group of polling stations to which the EVMs were used and not for any individual polling station making it impossible to know the pattern of voting in a particular polling station. Q. 30. what the world thinks of Indian EVMs? Ans. The Indian EVM is a far simpler machine than its counterpart in the USA. Unlike in USA, our EVM is a stand alone machine which can not be connected to any network and controlled through network or remote. Its original programme contained in a burnt chip can not be altered , making it tamper proof. Q. 31. How can a blind voter vote by using EVM? Ans. like all physically challenged or infirm voters, a blind voter is permitted to take a companion with him to help him cast the vote. The companion can accompany him upto the polling compartment. In addition to this, many of the EVMs have ‘Braille” signage on the ballot units indicating the serial number of the candidate. A dummy ballot paper indicating the names and the serial numbers of the contesting candidates is provided to the PresidingO fficers of selected polling stations. The Presiding

184 Officer of such polling station will give the dummy ballot paper to the blind voter on his request. The voter will then note the serial number of the candidate of his choice and return the dummy ballot paper to the Presiding Officer before proceeding to the polling compartment. Now, with the help of “Braille” signage he will be able to locate the particular serial number of the candidate on the ballot unit on his own and be able to cast his vote independently.

• general Elections, 2004 was conducted totally by using 10.75 lakh EVMs in the country. • 7700 Metric Ton of paper was used for printing of ballot paper in General Elections, 1999. • 8800 Metric Ton of paper was used for printing of ballot paper in General Elections, 1996.

A visually challenged old man voter is being taken towards the polling station for voting at a polling booth of South Bangalore during General Elections - 2008 of the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka, on May 10, 2008.

Polling staff testing the working conditions of Electronic Voting Machines for State Assembly Elections at Serampore Textile College, Hooghly West Bengal on April 21, 2006.

185 ELECTION PROCESS

[A ] WHO CAN CONTEST ELECTIONS ? Q.1. what is the minimum age for becoming a candidate for Lok Sabha (House of the People) or vidhan sabha (legislative assembly) election? Ans. Not less than Twenty Five Years of age on the date of scrutiny of nomination papers. (Refer : Article 84 (b) of Constitution of India and Article 173 (b) of the Constitution read with Sec. 36 (2) of the Representation of People Act, 1951.) Q. 2. I am not registered as a voter in any constituency. Can I contest election? Ans. No. you have to be registered as a voter in the current electoral roll to contest election. (Refer: Sec. 4 (d) and Section 5 (c) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 3. I am registered as a voter in a particular State. Can I contest election for Lok Sabha (House of the People) from outside that State? Ans. Yes you can contest election from any constituency in the Country, except autonomousD istricts of Assam, Lakshadweep and Sikkim (Refer : Sec. 4 of the Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 4. A person is a member of Scheduled Caste in a particular State. Can he contest election from any other State for Lok Sabha from a seat reserved for Scheduled Castes? Ans. Yes . He can contest election from any other State from a seat reserved for Scheduled Castes. (Refer : Sec. 4 of the Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 5. A person is a member of Schedule Tribe in a particular State. Can he contest election from any other State for Lok Sabha (House of People) from a seat reserved for Scheduled Tribes? Ans. Yes. He can contest election from any other State from a seat reserved for Scheduled Tribes except Lakshadweep, other than those in autonomous Districts of Assam and excluding the tribal areas of Assam. (Refer: Sec. 4 of the Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 6. A person is an elector in a particular State. Can he contest election for a seat in the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) of any other State? Ans. No . (Refer: Sec. 5 of the Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 7. A person is a member of Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes community. Can he contest an election from a general constituency? Ans. Yes. (Refer: Sec. 4 & 5 of the Representation of People Act, 1951)

186 Q. 8. A person is convicted for some offence and is sentenced to imprisonment for 2 years. Can he contest elections? Ans. No. (Refer: Section 8 (3) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 9. Supposing such person is on bail, pending disposal of his appeal, can he contest the election? Ans. No. Even if a person is on bail, after the conviction and his appeal is pending for disposal, he is disqualified from contesting an election as per Supreme Court’s decision. But if his conviction is also stayed, then he can contest. Q. 10. Can a person confined in Jail vote in an election? Ans. No. Such person can not vote at any election if he is confined in a prison, whether under a sentence of imprisonment or transportation or otherwise, or is in the lawful custody of the police. (Refer: Section 62(5) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951) Q. 11. Is a person subjected to preventive detention under any law entitled to vote in an election? Ans. Yes. He is entitled to vote by Postal Ballot paper (Refer: Proviso to Section 62(5) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 and Rule 18 (a) (iv) of Conduct of Elections Rules 1961).

[B ] SECURITY DEPOSIT Q. 12. Every candidate is required to make security deposit. How much is the security deposit for Lok Sabha election? Ans. Rs. Ten Thousand (Refer Sec. 34 (1) (a) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 13. Is there any concession in security deposit for a candidate belonging to Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe for Lok Sabha election? Ans. Yes. It is Rs. Five thousand. (Refer Sec. 34 (1) (a) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 14. How much is the security deposit for a Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) election? Ans. Rupees Five Thousand (Refer Sec. 34 (1) (b) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 15. Is there any concession in security deposit for a candidate belonging to Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe for Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) election? Ans. Yes. It is Rs. Two thousand five hundred (Refer Sec. 34 (1) (b) of Representation of People Act, 1951)

187 Q. 16. If a person, who is a member of Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes contests election from general seat, how much security deposit he is required to make to contest election for Lok Sabha / Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) Ans. Rs. Five thousand for Lok Sabha / Rs. Two thousand five hundred for Vidhan Sabha. (Refer Section 34 (1) (a) (b) of Representation of People Act 1951) Q. 17. which candidates lose the deposit? Ans. A defeated candidate who fails to secure more than one-sixth of the valid votes polled in the constituency will lose his security deposit (Refer: section 158(4) of Representation of People Act. 1951.)

[C ] NOMINATIONS Q. 18. Suppose, I am a candidate of a recognised National or State party, how many proposers I require for my nomination? Ans. only one. (Refer: Sec. 33 (1) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 19. If I am an independent candidate or a candidate of registered unrecognized Political Party, how many proposers I require for nomination? Ans. Ten. (Refer: Proviso to Sec. 33(1) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 20. Can a person contest election to Lok Sabha (House of People)/Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) from as many constituencies as he likes? Ans. No. A person cannot contest from more than two constituencies at a general election for Lok Sabha / Vidhan Sabha. (Refer: Section 33 (7) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 21. whether same restriction applies in relation to bye-elections to any House held simultaneously? Ans. Yes. You cannot contest more than two bye-elections to the same House, if called simultaneously by the Election Commission. (Refer: Section 33 (7) of Representation of People Act, 1951Q. 22. How many nomination papers can be filed for standing as a candidate in the same Constitutency? Ans. Four. (Refer: Proviso to section 33 (6) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 23. Can I go to the Office of ReturningO fficer for filing a nomination with a procession ? Ans. No. The maximum number of vehicles that will be allowed to come within the periphery of 100 mtrs. of Returning Officer’s office has been restricted to 3 and maximum number of persons that will be allowed to enter the office of Returning Officer has been limited to 5 (including the candidate).

188 Q. 24. How many persons are allowed at the time of scrutiny of nominations by the Returning Officer? Ans. The candidate, his election agent, one Proposer and one other person (who can be an advocate) duly authorized in writing by the candidate, but no other person, may attend at the time fixed for scrutiny of nominations by Returning Officer. (Refer: Sec. 36 (1) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 25. If a candidate, to whose nomination paper an objection has been raised, applies for time to rebut such objection, can Returning Officer grant time for such candidate? Ans. Yes. The Returning Officer may adjourn the hearing of the objection till the next day or the day after that but not beyond 11.00 a.m. on that day. The hearing in any case should be completed by Returning Officer well before 3.00 p.m. on the day fixed for withdrawal of candidatures.

[D ] OATH OR AFFIRMATION Q. 26. Is it necessary for a candidate to make and subscribe an oath or affirmation before an officer authorized by the Election Commission? Ans. Yes. (Refer: Article 84 (a) or Article 173 (a) of the Constitution, Section 4(a)G of ovt. of Union Territory Act, 1963 or section 4(a) Government of National Territory of Delhi Act, 1991) Q. 27. who are authorized persons by the Election Commission before whom to make and subscribe an oath or affirmation? Ans. For any particular election, the authorized persons are, principally, the Returning Officer and the Assistant Returning Officer for the constituency. In the case of a candidate confined in a prison or under preventive detention, the superintendent of the prison or commandant of the detention camp in which he is so confined or is under such detention is authorized to administer the oath. And in the case of a candidate confined to bed in a hospital or elsewhere owing to illness or any other cause, the medical superintendent in charge of the hospital or the medical practitioner attending on him is similarly authorized. If a candidate is outside India, Indian Ambassador or High Commissioner or diplomatic consular authorized by him can also administer oath/affirmation. Q. 28. when the oath or affirmation by the candidate is required to be made? Ans. The candidate, in person, is required to make the oath or affirmation immediately after presenting his nomination papers and in any case not later than the day previous to the date of the scrutiny.

[E] ALLOTMENT OF ELECTION SYMBOLS Q. 29. who allots the election symbols to contesting candidates? Ans. Returning Officer. [Refer: The Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968]

189 Q. 30. How reserved election symbol is allotted to candidate of a recognized National or State Party? Ans. For allotment of reserve symbol, the candidate has to declare in his nomination form that he has been setup by the concerned recognized party and has to submit prescribed declaration in Form B from the authorized office bearer of the party to the effect that he has been setup by that party. The declaration in Form-B should be duly signed by the office bearer of the Party whose specimen signatures have been communicated in Form-A subject to condition that both the Forms have been delivered to Chief Electoral Officer of the State and Returning Officer before 3 P.M on the last date of making nominations. [Refer: Paras 8 and 13 the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968.] Q. 31. Can a candidate deliver the declaration in Form A and Form B with facsimile signature or signature by means of rubber stamp etc. of the office bearer of the political party? Ans. No. Forms A & Form B must bear the signatures in ink of authorized office bearer of the political party. [Refer: Para 13 the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968.] Q. 32. Can a candidate sponsored by a registered unrecognized political party or a candidate contesting as independent choose any one of the free symbols specified in the list of free symbols? Ans. Yes. For the purpose, such candidate may choose 3 free symbols from the list, in order of preference and mention the same in his nomination paper. [Refer: Para 12 of the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968.] Q. 33. Is it necessary for a candidate sponsored by registered unrecognized political party to submit the Forms-A & Form-B to the Chief Electoral Officer of the State and Returning Officer? Ans. Yes. [Refer: Para 13 of the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968.]

[F] ELECTION CAMPAIGN Q. 34. whether there is any restriction for plying of vehicles for electioneering purposes? Ans. No. You can ply any number of vehicles (all mechanized/motorized vehicles including 2 wheelers) for the purpose but you have to seek prior approval of the Returning Officer for plying such vehicles and must display permit issued by Returning Officer in original (not photocopy) prominently on the windscreen of the Vehicle. The permit must bear the number of the vehicle and name of the candidate in whose favour it is issued. The expenditure incurred on this will be booked against you. Q. 35. Can a vehicle be used for electioneering purposes without getting permit from the District Election Officer/Returning Officer? Ans. No. Such vehicle shall be deemed to be unauthorized by campaigning for the candidate and may attract penal provisions of Chapter IX A of the Indian Penal Code and shall therefore be immediately out of the campaigning exercise. Q. 36. Is there any restriction for displaying/carrying poster/ placard/ banner/flag of the concerned party or

190 of the candidate on the vehicle during the procession? Ans. you may display /carry one poster/placard/banner/flag of your party/or your own on vehicle during the procession. Q. 37. Is external fitting/modification allowed in the Vehicles used for campaigning? Ans. External modification of vehicles including fitting of Loudspeaker thereon, would be subject to the provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act/Rules and any other Local Act/Rules. Vehicles with modifications and special campaign vehicles like Video Rath etc., can be usedonly after obtaining the requisite permission from the competent authorities under the Motor Vehicles Act. Q. 38. Are there conditions/guidelines for setting up and operating of Temporary Offices by Party or candidate? Ans. Yes. Such offices can not be opened by way of any encroachment either on public or private property/ in any religious places or campus of such religious places/ contiguous to any educational institution / hospital / within 200 meters of an existing polling station. Further, such offices can display only one party flag and banner with party symbol/photographs and the size of the banner used in such offices should not exceed ‘4 feet X 8 feet’ subject to the further condition that if the local laws prescribe a lower size for banner / hoarding etc., then the lower size prescribed by local law shall prevail. Q. 39. what is the deadline after which no public meetings and processions can be taken out? Ans. you can not hold public meetings and processions during the period of 48 hours ending with the hour fixed for the conclusion of poll. Suppose, poll day is 12th June 2009 (Friday) and hours of poll are from 8.00A.M to 5.00 P.M., the public meetings and processions shall be closed at 5.00 P.M on the 10th June 2009 (Wednesday). (Refer: Sec. 126 of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 40. Is there any restriction on the presence of political functionaries in a constituency after campaign period is over? Ans. Yes. After the closure of campaign period(mentioned in answer to Q.6 above), presence of political functionaries etc. who have been brought from outside the constituency and who are not voters of the constituency should not continue to remain present in the constituency. Such functionaries should leave the constituency immediately after campaign period is over. Q. 41. Is such restriction applicable in the case of office bearer who is in-charge of election of a political party in the State? Ans. Yes. However, such restriction is not insisted upon during the general elections toL ok Sabha/State Assembly only in respect of the office bearer who is in-charge of the State during the election period. Such office bearer shall declare his place of stay in the State Headquarters and his movement during the period in question shall remain confined normally between his party office and place of his stay. The above restrictions will be applicable to all other functionaries in all elections. Q. 42. Are there any arrangements for videography of critical events during the election process? Ans. yes. Video Teams are formed in constituency to record and videotape critical events like meetings addressed/attended by Ministers, National/State level leaders of political parties, violent incidents, etc.

191 Q. 43. Is wearing of special accessories like cap, mask, scarf etc. permitted during the campaigning? Ans. Yes. However supply and distribution of main apparels like saree, shirt, etc. by party/candidate isnot permitted as it may amount to bribary of voters.

[G] POLL DAY Q. 44. Is there any facility provided to voters for locating their names in the electoral roll if a political party cannot set up or not willing to set up a booth in an area? Ans. Yes. A “VOTER ASSISTANCE BOOTH” is set up in premises/buidling location where three or more polling stations are located with a proper signage manned by a team of officials who are provided with lists of roll in alphabetical order to assist the voters for locating their sl. no. in the roll and polling station. If political parties inform of their inability in advance, theD istricts ElectionO fficer may consider making such arrangements in other areas also. Q. 45. Are there any guidelines for setting up of election booth by candidate/political parties near polling station on the day of poll? Ans. Election booth can be set up beyond a distance of 200 meters from the polling stations, only with 1 table and 2 chairs with an umbrella or a piece of tarpaulin or cloth to protect the two occupants with one banner (3 x 41/2 feet) to display the name of the candidate/ party / election symbol at the booth. No crowed is allowed. Q. 46. Is it necessary to obtain written permission of the concerned Government authorities or local authorities for setting up of election booth? Ans. Yes. It is necessary to obtain the written permission of the concerned Government authorities or local authorities before setting up of such booths. Written permission must be available with the persons manning the booth for production before the police /election authorities concerned on demand. Q. 47. Is there any restriction on the printing of pamphlets, posters etc ? Ans Yes. you shall not print or publish, or cause to be printed or published names of any election pamphlet or poster which does not bear on its face and addresses of the printer and the publisher thereof. (Refer : Section 127A of Representation of 1951) Q. 48. Is there any restriction of canvassing in or near polling station ? Ans. Yes. Canvassing for votes etc. within a distance of one hundred meteres of polling station is prohibited on the day of poll. (Refer : Section 130 of Representation of 1951) Q. 49. Is there any restriction of going armed to or near polling station ? Ans. Yes. No person is allowed to go armed with arms as defined in Arms Act 1959 of any kind within the neighborhood of a polling station on the day of poll. (Refer: Section 134B of Representation of 1951)

192 Q. 50. who is entitled for voting through Postal ballot system? Ans. Special voters, service voters, voters on election duty and electors subjected to preventive detention are entitled to vote by post subject to their fulfilling the requirements specified under the Rules. (Refer: Rule 18 of Conduct of Elections Rules ,1961) Q. 51. Who can exercise Proxy Voting? Ans. As an alternative option to postal ballot, service voters belonging to the Armed Forces and members belonging to a Force to which provisions of the Army Act applies, have been provided with a facility to opt to vote either through proxy or through postal ballot papers. (Refer: Section 60 of Representation of People Act,1951)

[H] MICRO OBSERVERS Q. 52. what is the concept of Micro Observer? Ans. An officer/official of Central Government/Public Sector undertakings of Central Government working in the district is deployed as a Micro Observer at a polling station or a group of polling stations located in a premises/building who works directly under the control and supervision of Observer of Election Commission of India. Q. 53. what is the criteria for deployment of Micro Observers? Ans. Polling stations are short listed for the purpose on the basis of various factors which contribute to vulnerability of voters. Q. 54. what are the duties of Micro Observer on the poll day? Ans. The duties of Micro Observer are mainly to watch the following auspects:- (i) Mock poll procedures, (ii) Presence of polling agents and observance of ECI instructions with regard to them, (iii) observance of entry pass system and access to polling station, (iv) Proper identification of electors in accordance with ECI guidelines, (v) Identification and recording procedures for the absentee, shifted and duplicate voters list (ASD list), wherever made, (vi) Application of Indelible Ink, (vii) Noting down particulars of electors in the register in Form 17A, (viii) Maintenance of secrecy of voting, (ix) Conduct of polling agents, their complaints, If the Micro observer feels that the poll is, for any reason being vitiated he will immediately bring it to the notice of the constituency Observer for taking remedial action.

193 [I] ELECTION EXPENDITURE Q. 55. Is a candidate free to spend as much as he likes on his election? Ans. No. A candidate is not free to spend as much as he likes on his election. The law prescribes that the total election expenditure shall not exceed the prescribed maximum limit for the constituency concerned. (Refer: Rule 90 of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961 and Section 123 (6) of Representation of People Act, 1951.) Q. 56. what is the limit for election expenditure in a parliamentary constituency in bigger states, like, UP, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, M.P? Ans. The limit for election expenditure is revised from time to time. At present the limit of expenditure for a parliamentary constituency in bigger states like U. P, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh is Rs. 25 lakhs. (Refer: Rule 90 of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961) Q .57. what is the limit of such expenditure for an Assembly Constituency in these bigger States? Ans. At present, the limit of election expenditure for an assembly constituency in the above bigger states is Rs. 10 lakhs. (Refer: Rule 90 of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961) Q .58. Are these limits uniform for all States? If not, can you tell the lowest limit for a Parliamentary Constituency at present? Ans. No. The maximum limit of election expenditure varies from State to State. The lowest limit at present for a parliamentary constituency is Rs. 10 lakhs for the constituency of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu and Lakshadweep. (Refer: Rule 90 of the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961) Q. 59. Are the candidates required to file any account of election expenses? Ans. Yes. Every candidate at an election to the House of the People or State Legislative Assembly is required to keep, either by himself or by his election agent, a separate and correct account of all expenditure in connection with the election incurred or authorized by him or his election agent between the date on which he has been nominated and the date of declaration of result, both dates inclusive. Every contesting candidate has to lodge a true copy of the said account within 30 days of result of the election. (Refer : Sections 77 & 78 of the Representation of People Act, 1951) Q.60. who is the authority before whom such account is to be lodged? Ans. The account of election expenses shall be lodged by a contesting candidate with the District Election Officer of the district in which the constituency from which he contested lies. (Refer : Section 78 of the Representation of People Act, 1951)

194 Q. 61. If a candidate is contesting from more than one constituency, is he required to file separate accounts or only one consolidated account? Ans. If a candidate is contesting from more than one constituency, he has to lodge a separate return of election expenses for every election which he has contested. The election for each constituency is a separate election. (Refer : Section 77 of the Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 62. what is the penalty if a candidate does not file his account of election expenses? Ans. If the Election Commission is satisfied that a person has failed to lodge an account of election expenses within the time and in the manner required by or under the Representation of People Act,1951 and he has no good reason or justification for the failure, it has the power to disqualify him for a period of 3 years for being chosen as, and for being, a member of either House of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly or Legislative Council of a State. (Refer : Section 10A of the Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 63. whether expenditure on travel incurred by Star Campaigners (leaders ) of political party for propagating programme of that party shall be treated as expenditure incurred/authorized by a candidate of that party? If so what are the conditions? Ans. only in the case of expenditure on travel in respect of Star Campaigners (leaders) of the Political Party who have submitted the list of such leaders (40 in the case of National and State parties and 20 in the case of registered unrecognized party) within 7 days from the date of issue of notification to the Election Commission and Chief Electoral Officer of the State concerned for availing benefit is exempted, failing which such expenditure shall be treated as an expenditure incurred/authorized by the concerned candidate of that party. (Refer : Clause (a) of Explanation 1 to Section 77 of the Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 64. whether a person who is not a member of the party can be nominated as a Star Campaigner (Leader) of the Party for the purpose? Ans. No. (Refer: Section 77(1) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 65. Can the name of a Star Campaigner(s) be allowed to be substituted from the list of Star Campaigners (leaders) after it is submitted to the Commission? Ans. No. Substituting a name from the list is permitted under the law only where any of the persons mentioned in the list dies or ceases to be a member of the political party concerned and not otherwise. (Refer : Explanation 2 to Section 77(1) of Representation of People Act, 1951) Q. 66. whether a candidate who has been declared as a Star Campaigner (leader) by a political party can be considered to be a Star Campaigner (leader) of his political party in his own constituency from where he is contesting election for the purpose of explanation to Section 77 (1) of Representation of People Act, 1951.? Ans. No. Such leader cannot be considered Star Campaigner (leader) of his political party in his own constituency. In his own constituency, he is a candidate first. The expenditure incurred by him within his constituency is to be booked against his election expenditure.

195 Q. 67. Can a friend of a candidate incur expenditure for promoting his election without his approval? Ans. Expenditure exceeding the amount of Rs.10/- incurred for promoting of election without approval of the candidate is punishable. (Refer: Section 171H of Indian Penal Code) Q. 68. Suppose an expenditure is incurred by a friend with the approval of candidate for promoting his election, is such expenditure to be booked against the accounts of candidate? Ans. Yes. (Refer: Section 77 of Representation of People Act, 1951)

196 IX

CONTACT DETAILS OF ELECTION COMMISSIONERS AND OTHER OFFICERS INVOLVED IN THE ELECTION PROCESS

197 198 IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NUMBERS & EMAIL ADDRESSES OF THE ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA

S.No. NAME & EMAIL ADDRESS OFFICE RESIDENCE FAX 1. Shri N. Gopalaswami 23716552 24652424 23711023 Chief Election Commissioner 23713689 Email: [email protected] 2. Shri Navin B. Chawla 23720012 23017939 23739933 Election Commissioner 23717027

3. Dr. S. Y. Quraishi 23720013 23792733 23355631 Election Commissioner 23717035 4. Shri R. Balakrishnan 23356025 24677505 23318506 Dy. Election Commissioner 23715028 Email: [email protected] 5. Shri J.P. Prakash 23052013 24649698 23355623 Dy. Election Commissioner Email: [email protected] 6. Shri Alok Shukla 23717047 23717059 Dy. Election Commissioner 23717049

For More Information Please visit Election Commission’s website- www.eci.gov.in

199 TELEPHONE NUMBERS & EMAIL ADDRESSES OF CHIEF ELECTORAL OFFICERS OF STATES & UTs

Sr State/ UT Name of CEO Office Residence Fax No. 1 Andhra Pradesh Sh. I.V.Subba Rao 040- 23414268 23455781 [email protected] 23457317 2 Arunachal Pradesh Sh. Yeshi Tsering 0360- 2292587 2212511 [email protected] 2212437 3 Assam Sh. Hemanta Narzary 0361- 2234885 2261330 [email protected] 2261465 4 Bihar Sh. Sudhir Kumar Rakesh 0612- 2357233 2224611 [email protected] 2224856 5 Chhattisgarh Shri S. K. Kujur 0771- 2236685 [email protected] 2236685 6 Goa Sh. Ajit Srivastava 0832- 2422202 2419603 [email protected] 2225215 7 Gujarat Sh. Vinod Babbar 079- 23254837 23250317 [email protected] 23250316 8 Haryana Sh. Sajjan Singh 0172- 2701388 2706556 [email protected] 2711697 9 Himachal Pradesh Sh. Anil Kumar Khachi 0177- 2620371 2621876 [email protected] 2621876 10 Jammu and Kashmir Sh. B.R. Sharma 0194- 2479403 2452654 [email protected] 2473609 11 Jharkhand Sh. Debasish Gupta 0651- 2281622 2441552 [email protected] 2440077 12 Karnataka Sh. M.N.Vidyashankar 080- 26722287 22869322 [email protected] 22864401 13 Kerala Smt. Nalini Netto 0471- 2727326 2309334 [email protected] 2305116 14 Madhya Pradesh Sh. J.S. Mathur 0755- 2675737 2555162 [email protected] 2550488 15 Maharashtra Sh. Debashish Chakrabarty 022- 22882367 22835698 22029965 16 Manipur Sh. Shambhu Singh 0385- 2450212 2452207 [email protected] 2452512 17 Meghalaya Sh. P. Naik 0364- 2223746 2220202 [email protected] 2225935 18 Mizoram Sh. Lalmalsawma 0389- 2335547 2325131 [email protected] 2322558 19 Nagaland Sh. C.J. Ponraj 0370- 2229876 2290460 [email protected] 2290456 20 Orissa Smt. Alka Panda 0674- 2555511 2536645 [email protected] 2536639 21 Punjab Ms. Kusumjit Sidhu 0172- 2602098 2748327 [email protected] 2742803

200 Sr State/ UT Name of CEO Office Residence Fax No. 22 Rajasthan Sh. Vinod Zutshi 0141- 2227200 [email protected] in 2227411 2707005 23 Sikkim Sh. T.T.Dorji 03592- 202448 204725 [email protected] in 202792 24 Tamil Nadu Sh. Naresh Gupta 044- 26244146 25674855 [email protected] in 25670390 25 Tripura Sh. Sanjeev Ranjan 0381- 2314623 2324185 [email protected] 2324185 26 Uttarakhand Smt. Radha Raturi 0135- 2735006 2712014 [email protected] in 2712055 27 Uttar Pradesh Sh. Anuj Kumar Vishnoi 0522- 2209524 2238148 [email protected] in 2238106 28 West Bengal Sh. Debashis Sen 033- 23590002 22310840 [email protected] 22310880 29 Andaman and Sh. Sanjeev Khirval 03192- 227047 233181 Nicobar Islands [email protected] 233364 30 Chandigarh Sh. R.K. Rao 0172- 2784222 2700053 2700109 31 Dadra and Nagar Sh. P.K.Gupta 0260- 2230555 2645466 Haveli [email protected] 2632126 32 Delhi Smt.Satbir Silas Bedi 011- 23936211 23969611 [email protected] 23977130 33 Daman and Diu Sh. Praveen Kumar 0260- 2230771 [email protected] 2230473 34 Lakshadweep Sh. R.P.Pal 04896- 262348 263180 [email protected] 262256 35 Puducherry Sh. S. Kumaraswamy 0413- 2272855 2337500 [email protected] 2334143

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