BIBLIOGRAPHY

Mr. Carnegie's chief publications are as follows: An American Four-in-Hand in Britain. New York, 1884. Round the World. New York, 1884. Triumphant Democracy, or Fifty Years' March of the Republic, New York, 1886. The Gospel of Wealth and Other Timely Essays. New York, 1900. The Empire of Business. New York, 1903. James Watt. New York, 1905. Problems of To-day. Wealth — Labor — Socialism. New York, 1908. He was a contributor to English and American magazines and newspapers, and many of the articles as well as many of his speeches have been published in pamphlet form. Among the latter are the addresses on Edwin M. Stanton, Ezra Cornell, William Chambers, his pleas for international peace, his numerous dedi- catory and founders day addresses. A fuller list of these publica- tions is given in Margaret Barclay Wilson's A Carnegie Anthology, privately printed in New York, 1915.

A great many articles have been written about Mr. Carnegie, but the chief sources of information are: Alderson (Bernard). . The Man and His Work. New York, 1905. Berglund (Abraham). The United States Corporation. New York, 1907. Carnegie (Andrew). How I served My Apprenticeship as a Busi- ness Man. Reprint from Youth's Companion. April 23, 1896. Cotter (Arundel). Authentic History of the United States Steel Corporation. New York, 1916. Hubbard (Elbert). Andrew Carnegie. New York, 1909^ (Amusing, but inaccurate.)

Mackie (J. B.). Andrew Carnegie. His Ties and Bene- factions. Dunfermline, n. d. Manual of the Public Benefactions of Andrew Carnegie. Published by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Wash- ington, 1919. S76 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Memorial Addresses on the Life and Work of Andrew Carnegie. New York, 1920. Memorial Service in Honor of Andrew Carnegie on his Birthday, Tuesday, November 25, 1919. Carnegie Music Hall, Pitts- burgh, . Piitencrieff Glen: Its Antiquities, History and Legends. Dunferm- line, 1903. PoYNTON (John A.). A Millionaire's Mail Bag. New York, 1915. (Mr. Poynton was Mr. Carnegie's secretary.) Pritchett (Henry S.). Andrew Carnegie. Anniversary Address before Carnegie Institute, November 24, 1915. Schwab (Charles M.). Andrew Carnegie. His Methods with His Men. Address at Memorial Service, Carnegie Music Hall, , November 25, 1919. Wilson (Margaret Barclay). A Carnegie Anthology. Privately printed. New York, 1915. INDEX

Abbey, Edwin A.. 298. 300, 301; on Herbert Spencer, 336, Abbott, Rev. Lyman, 285. 337. Abbott, William L., becomes partner of Behring Sea question, 350, 353-55. Mr. Carnegie, 201. Bessemer steel process, revolutionized Accounting system, importance of, 135, steel manufacture, 184, 185, 229. 136, 204. Billings, Dr. J. S., of the New York Acton, Lord, library bought by Mr. Public Libraries, 259; director of the Carnegie, 325. Carnegie Institution, 260. Adams, Edwin, tragedian, 49. Billings, Josh, 295; and Matthew Ar- Adams Express Company, investment nold, 303-05; anecdotes, 30i, 305. jn, 79. Bismarck, Prince, disturbs the financial /ddison, Leila, friend and critic of world, 169. young Carnegie, 97. Black, William, 298. Aitken, Aunt, 8, 22, 30, 50, 51, 77, 78. Blaine, James G., visits Mr. Carnegie, Alderson, Barnard, Andrew Carnegie, 210; and Mr. Glad.stone, 320, 321, quoted, 282 n. 328; a good story-teller, 341-43, 357;

Allegheny City, the Carnegies in, 30, 31, his Yorktown address, .341 ; at Cluny 34; public library and hall, 259. Castle, 344; misses the Presidency, Allegheny Valley Railway, bonds mar- 345; as Secretary of State, 345, 352- keted by Mr.Carnegiel 167-71. 56: at the Pan-American Congress, Allison, Senator W. B., 124, 125. 346. Altoona, beginnings of, 66. Bliss, Cornelius N., 363. American Four-in-Hand in Britain, An, Borntraeger, William, 136; put in charge Mr. Carnegie's first book, 6; quoted, of the Union Iron Mills, 198; anec- 27, 318 n.; published, 212, 322. dotes of, 199-201. Anderson, Col. James, and his library, Botta, Professor and Madame, 150. 45-47. Braddock's Cooperative Society, 250. Arnold, Edwin, gives Mr. Carnegie the Bridge-building, of iron, 115-29; at MS. of The Light of Asia, 207. Steubenville, 116, 117; at Keokuk, Arnold, Matthew, quoted, 206, 207, Iowa, 154; at St. Louis, 155. 302; visits Mr. Carnegie, 216, 299, Bright, John, 11; and George Peabody, 301; a charming man, 298; seriously 282. religious, 299; as a lecturer, 299, 300; British Iron and Steel Institute, 178, and Henry Ward Beecher, 300; on 180. Shakespeare, 302; and Josh Billings, Brooks, David, manager of the Pitts- 30.-3-05; m Chicago, 305, 306; me- burgh telegraph office, 36-38, 57-59. morial to, 308. Brown University, John Hay Library at, 275. Baldwin, William H., 277. Bruce, King Robert, 18, 367. Balfour, Prime Minister, 269-71; as a Bryan, William J., and the treaty with philosopher, 323, 324. Spain, 364. Balfour of Burleigh, Lord, and Trust for Bull Run, battle of, 100. the Universities of Scotland, 269, 270, Bulow, Prince von, 368, 370. 272. Burns, Robert, quoted, 3, 13, 33, 307, Baltimore and Oliio Railroad, Mr. Car- 313; Dean Stanley on, 271; rules of negie's relations with, 12.5-29. conduct, 271, 272. Baring Brother, dealings with, 168, 169. Burroughs, John, and Ernest Thompson Barryman, Robert, an ideal Tom Bow- Seton, 293. ling, 28, 29. Butler, Gen. B. F., 99. Bates, David Homer, quoted, 45, 46, 100. Cable, George W.. 295. Beecher, Henry Ward, and Matthew Calvinism, revolt from, 22, 23, 74, 75. Arnold, 300; and Robert G. IngersoU, Cambria Iron Companj', 186. 378 INDEX

Cameron, Simon, in Lincoln's Cabinet, Period of acquisition: Travels ex- 102, 103; a man of sentiment, 104; tensively in Europe, 142, 143; deepen- anecdote of, 104, 105. ing appreciation of art and music, 143; Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry, 313; builds coke works, 144, 145;yattitude and Trust for the Universities of Scot- toward protective tariff, 146-48; land, 269, 271; Prime Minister, 312, opens an office in New York, 149; 313. joins the Nineteenth Century Club, Carnegie, Andrei^, grandfather of A. C, 150; opposed to speculation, 151-54; 2, 3. builds bridge at Keokuk, 154; and Carnegie, Andrew, birth, 2; ancestry, 2- another at St. Louis, 155-57; dealings 6; fortunate in his birthplace, 6-8; with the Morgans, 155-57, 169-73; childhood in Dunfermline, 7-18; a vio- gives public baths to Dunfermline, lent young republican, 10-12; goes to 157; his ambitions at thirty-three, school, 13-15, 21; early usefulness to 157, 158; rivalry with Pullman, 159;

his parents, 14 ; learns history from his proposes forming Pullman Palace Uncle Lauder, 15, 16; intensely Scot- Car Company, 160; helps the Union tish, 16, 18; trained in recitation, 20; Pacific Railway through a crisis, 162, power to memorize, 21; animal pets, 163; becomes a director of that com- 23; early evidence of organizing pany, 164; but is forced out, 165vinc- power, 24, 43; leaves Dunfermline, tion with Mr. Scott, 165, 174; floats 25; sails for America, 28; on the Erie bonds of the Allegheny Valley Rail- Canal, 29, 30; in Allegheny City, 30; way, 167-71; negotiations with Baring becomes a bobbin boy, 34; works in a Brothers, 168, 169;', aome business bobbin factory, 35, 36; telegraph mes- rules, 172-75, 194, 2^4, 231; concen- senger, 37-44; first real start in life, trates on manufacturing, 176, 177; 38, 39; first communication to the president of the British Iron and Steel press, 45; cultivates taste for litera- Institute, 178; begins making pig ture, 46, 47; love for Shakespeare iron, 178, 179; proves the value of stimulated, 48, 49; Swedenborgian chemistry at a blast furnace, 181-83; influence, 50; taste for music aroused, making steel ra-'ls, 184-89; in the 51; first wage raise, 55; learns to tele- panic of 1873, 189-93; parts with Mr, graph, 57, 58, 61; becomes a telegraph Kloman, 194-97; some of his partners, operator, 59. 198-20a; goes around the world, 204- Railroad experience: Clerk and 09; *fis philosophy of life, 206, 207; operator for Thomas A. Scott, division Dunfermline confers the freedom of superintendent of Pennsylvania Rail- the town, 210; coaching in Great road, 63; loses pay-rolls, 67; an anti- Britain, 211, 212; dangerously ill, 212, slavery partisan, 68, 96; employs wo- 213; death of his mother and brother, men as telegraph operators, 69; takes 212, 213; courtship, 213, 214; mar- unauthorized responsibility, 71, 72; in riage, 215; presented with the freedom temporary charge of division, 73; of Edinburgh, 215; birth of his daugh- theological discussions, 74-76; first in- ter, 217; buys Skibo Castle, 217; man- vestment, 79; transferred to Altoona, ufactures Spiegel and ferro-manga-

84; invests in building of sleeping- nese, 220, 221 ; buys mines, 221-23; ac- cars, 87; made division superintendent quires the Frick Coke Company, 222

on the Pennsylvania Railroad, 91 ; re- buys the Homestead steel mills, 225 turns to Pittsburgh, 92; gets a house progress between 1888 and 1897, 226 at Homewood, 94; Civil War service, the Homestead stride, 228-33; suc- 99-109; gift to Kenyon College, 106; ceeds Mark Hanna on executive com- first serious illness, 109; first return mittee of the National Civic Federa- to Scotland, 110-13; organizes rail- tion, 234; incident of Burgomaster making and locomotive works, 115; McLuckie, 235-39^^, some labor dis-

also a company to build iron bridges, putes, 240-54 ; dealing with a mill com- 116-18; bridge-building, 119-29; be- mittee, 241, 242; breaking a strike, gins making iron, 130-34; introduces 243-46; a sliding scale of wages, 244- cost accounting system, 135, 136, 204; 47; beating a bully, 248; settling dif- becomes interested in oil wells, 136- ferences by conference, 249, 250, 252; 39; mistaken for a noted exhorter, workmen's savings, 251. 140; leaves the railroad company, 140, Period of distribution: Carnegie 141. Steel Company sells out to United INDEX 379

States Steel Corporation, £55, 256; 65; criticism of W. J. Bryan, 364; im- Andrew Carnegie Relief Fund estab- pressions of the German emperor, lished for men in the mills, 256, 257, 366-71; hopeful of President Wilson, 281; libraries built, 259; Carnegie In- 371, 372. stitution founded, 259-61; hero funds Carnegie, Louise Whitfield, wife of established for several countries, 262- A. C, 215-19; charmed by Scotland, 67; pension fund for aged professors, 215; her enjoyment of the pipers, 216; 268-71; trustee of Cornell University, the Peace-Maker, 218; honored with 268; Lord Rector of St. Andrews, 271- freedom of Dunfermline, 271; first 73; aid to American colleges, 274, 275, honorary member of Carnegie Vet-

277 72.; connection with Hampton eran Association, 292. and Tuskegee Institutes, 276, 277; Carnegie, Margaret Morrison, mother of gives organs to many churches, 278, A. C, 6, 12; reticent on religious sub- 279; private pension fund, 279, 280; jects, 22, 50; a wonderful woman, 31, Railroad Pension Fund, 280; early in- 32, 38, 88-90; gives bust of Sir Walter terested in peace movements, 282, Scott to Stirling, 157; lays corner 283; on a League of Nations, 284 n.; stone of Carnegie Library in Dunferm- provides funds for Temple of Peace at line, 211; death of, 212, 213; advice The Hague, 284, 285; president of the to Matthew Arnold, 299. Peace Society of New York, 285, 286; Carnegie, Margaret, daughter of A. C, decorated by several governments, born, 217. 286; buys Pittencrieff Glen and gives Carnegie, Thomas Morrison, brother of it to Dunfermline, 286-90; friendship A. C., 25; a favorite of Col. Piper, with Earl Grey, 290; other trusts es- 118, 119; interested in iron-making, tablished, 290 n.; dinners of the Car- 130; friendship with Henry Phipps, negie Veteran Association, 291, 292; 132; marries Lucy Coleman, 149; the Literary Dinner, 292, 293; rela- death of, 212, 213. tions with Mark T^vain, 294-97; with Carnegie, William, father of A. C, 2; Matthew Arnold, 298-308; with Josh a damask weaver, 8, 12, 13, 25, 30; a Billings, 302-05; 6rst meets Mr. Glad- radical republican,ll; liberal in theol- stone, 309, 330, 331 ; estimate of Lord ogy, 22, 23; works in a cotton factory Rosebery, 309-11; his own name often in Allegheny City, 34; one of the misspelled, 310; attachment to Har- founders of a library in Dunfermline, court and Campbell-Bannerman, 312; 48; a sweet singer, 52; shy and re- and the Earl of Elgin, 313, 314; his served, 62; one of the most lovable of Freedom-getting career, 314, 316; men, 63; death of. 63, 77. opinion on British municipal govern- "Carnegie," the wood-and-bronze ment, 314-17; visits Mr. Gladstone at yacht, 260, 261. Hawarden, 318, 319, 328, 329; inci- Carnegie Brothers & Co., 129, 225, 226. dent of the Queen's Jubilee, 320, 321; Carnegie Corporation of New York, relations with J. G. Blaine, 320, 321, 290 n. 328, 341-46; friendship with John Carnegie Endowment for International Morley, 322-28; estimate of Elihu Peace, 286 n. Root, 324; buys Lord Acton's library, Carnegie Foundation for the Advance- 325; on Irish Home Rule, 327; at- ment of Teaching, 268. tempts newspaper campaign of politi- Carnegie Hero Fund, 262-66. cal progress, 330; writes Triumphant Carnegie Institute at Pittsburgh, 259,

Democracy, 330-32 > a disciple of Her- 348. bert Spencer, 333-40; delegate to the Carnegie Institution, 259, 260. Pan-American Congress, 346, 350, Carnegie, Kloman & Co., 190, 197. entertains President Harrison, 347, Carnegie, McCandless & Co., 201. 348; founds Carnegie Institute at Carnegie, Phipps & Co., 226. Pittsburgh, 348; influence in the Chil- Carnegie Relief Fimd, for Carnegie ian quarrel, 350-52; suggests Mr. workmen, 266. Shiras for the Supreme Court, 353; Carnegie Steel Company, 256. on the Behring Sea dispute, 354, 355; Carnegie Trust for the Universities of opinion of Mr. Blaine, 355, 357; rela- Scotland, trustees of, 269; duties of, tions with John Hay, 358-61; and 270, 271. with President McKinley, 359, 363; Carnegie United Kingdom Trust, 290 n, on annexation of the Philippines, 362- Carnegie Veteran Association, 291, 292. 380 INDEX

"Cavendish" (Henry Jones), anecdote Donaldson, Principal, of St. Andrews of, 315. University, 273. Central Transportation Company, 159, Douglas, Euphemia (Mrs. Sloane), 29. 161. Drexel, Anthony, 175, 205. Chamberlain, Joseph, 326, 327, 356. Dunfermline, birthplace of Mr. Car- Chemistry, value of, in iron manufac- negie, 2, 6; a radical town, 10; libraries ture, 181, 182, 223. in, 48; revisited, 110-12, 157; gives Chicago, "dizzy on cult," 305, 306. Mr. Carnegie the freedom of the town, Chili, quarrel with, 350-53. 210; Carnegie Library in, 211; confers _ Chisholm, Mr., Cleveland iron manu- freedom of the town on Mrs. Carne- i3.ctiirGT* 184 gie, 271. Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 355, 356, 360. Dunfermlme Abbey, 6, 7, 17, 18, 26, 27, Clemens, Samuel L., see Twain, Mark. 111. Cleveland, Frances, Library at Wellesley Durrant, President, of the Union Pacific College, 275. Railway, 159. Cleveland, President, 283; and tariff re- vision, 147. Eads, Capt. James B., 119, 120. Cluny Castle, Scotland, 217; Mr. Edgar Thomson Steel Company, 188, Blaine at, 344. 189, 201, 202. Coal-washing, introduced into America Education, compulsorv, 34. by George Lauder, 144. Edwards, "Billy," 249, 250. Cobbett, William, 4. Edwards, Passmore, 330. Coke, manufacture of, 144, 145, 221. Elgin, Earl of, and Trust for the Univer- Coleman, Lucy, afterwards Mrs. sities of Scotland, 269-72, 313, 314. Thomas Carnegie, 149. Elkins, Sen. Stephen B., and Mr. Blaine, Coleman, William, interested in oil 344, 345, 352, 359. wells, 136-40; and in coke, 144; manu- Emerson, Ralph Waldo, anecdote of, 335. facturer of steel rails, 186; anecdote of, Endorsing notes, 173, 174. 192; sells out to Mr. Carnegie, 202. Erie Canal, the, 29, 30. Columbia University, 274 n. Escanaba Iron Company, 194-97, 220. Confucius, quoted, J50, 52, 340. Evans, Captain ("Fighting Bob"), as Constant, Baron d'Estournelles de, 286. government inspector, 199. Conway, Moncure D., Autobiography Evarts, William M., 336 n. quoted, 274. Cooperative store, 250. Fahnestock, Mr., Pittsburgh financier, Corn Law agitation, the, 8. 41. Cornell University, salaries of profes- Farmer, President, of Cleveland and sors, 268. Pittsburgh Railroad Co., 5. Cowley, William, 46. Ferguson, Ella (Mrs. Henderson), 25. Cremer, William Randall, receives Nobel Ferro-manganese, manufacture of, 220, Prize for promotion of peace, 283, Fleming, Marjory, 20. 284 n. Flower, Governor Roswell P., and the Cresson Springs, Mr. Carnegie's summer tariff, 147, 148. home in the Alleghanies, 213, 307. Forbes, Gen. John, Laird of Pittencrieff, Cromwell, Oliver, 15. 188. Crystal Palace, London, 143. Franciscus, Mr., freight agent at Pitts- Curry, Henry M., 181; becomes a part- burgh, 72. ner of Mr. Carnegie, 201. Franciscus, Mrs., 80. Cyclops Mills, 133, 134. Franklin, Benjamin, and St. Andrews University, 272; quoted, 340. Damask trade in Scotland, 2, 8, 12, 13. Frick, Henry C, 222. Dawes, Anna L., How we are Governed, Frick Coke Company, 222, 226. 327. Fricke, Dr., chemist at the Lucy Fur- Dennis, Prof. F. S., 213, 214. nace, 182. Dickinson College, Conway Hall at, 274. Frissell, Hollis B., of Hampton Institute, Disestablishment of the English Church, 277. 329. Dodds process, the, for carbonizing the Garrett, John W., President of the Balti- heads of iron rails, 186. more a!id Railrond, 1 '25-29. Dodge, William E., 200. General Education Board, 27'1. INDEX 581

Grermany, and the Philippines, 365; Hay, John, of Allegheny City, 34-37. Emperor William, 366-71. Head-ication versus Hand-ication, 4. Gilder, Richard Watson, poem by, 262, Henderson, Ebenezer, 5. ii63; manager of the Literary Dinner, Henderson, Ella Ferguson, 25, 55. 291, 293; on Mr. Carnegie, 293 n., Hero Fund, 262-66. 3-tO n. Hewitt, Abram S., 260. Oilman, Daniel C, first president of the Higginson, Maj. F. L., 260. Carnegie Institution, 260. Higginson, Col. Thomas Wentworth, Gladstone, W. E., letter from, 233; and 150. Matthew Arnold, 298; Mr. Carnegie Hill, David Jayne, on the German Hero and, 309, 327-31; his library, 318; Fund, 263, 264. devout and sincere, 319; anecdote of, Hogan, Maria, 70. 320; and J. G. Blaine, 321; and John Hogan, Uncle, 36, 77. Morley, 325. Holls, G. F. W., and the Hague Con- Glass, John P., 54, 55. ference, 284. God, each stage of civilization creates Holmes, Oliver Wendell, and the Mat- its own, 75. thew Arnold memorial, 307, 303. Gorman, Senator Arthm: P., and the Homestead Steel Mills, consolidated tariff, 147, 148. with Carnegie Brothers & COy^25, Go6yel of Wealth, The, published, 255. 226; strike at, 2C8-39; afWfess of Gould, Jay, 152. workmen to Mr. Carnegi4r257. Grant, Gen. U. S., and Secretary Stan- Hughes, Courtney, 58. ton, 106; some characteristics of, 107; Huntington, Collis P., 205. unjustly suspected, 108. Greeley, Horace, 68, 81. Ignorance, the main root of industrial Grey, Earl, trustee of Carnegie United trouble, 240. Kingdom Trust, 290 and n. In the Time of Peace, by Richard Watson Gilder, 262, 263. Hague Conference, 283, 284. IngersoU, Col. Robert G., 210, 300. Haldane, Lord Chancellor, error as to Integrity, importance of, in business, British manufactures, 331. 172. Hale, Eugene, visits Mr. Carnegie, 216. Ireland, Mr. Carnegie's freedom tour in, Hale, Prof. George E., of the Mount 314 n., 316. Wilson Observatory, 261. Irish Home Rule, 327. Halkett, Sir Arthur, killed at Braddock's Irwin, Agnes, receives doctor's degree defeat, 187, 188. from St. Andrews University, 272, 273. Hamilton College, Elihu Root Founda- Isle of Wight, 215. tion at, 275. Hampton Institute, 276. Jackson, Andrew, and Simon Cameron, Hanna, Senator Mark, 233, 234, 359; 104, 105. Chair in Western Reserve University Jewett, Thomas L., President of the named for, 275. Panhandle Railroad, 117. Harcourt, Sir William Vernon, 312. Jones, Henry ("Cavendish"), anecdote Harris, Joel Chandler, 295. of, 315. Harrison, President Benjcmin, opens Jones, ("The Captain"), 202, 204, Carnegie Hall at Allegheny City, 259, 241, 242, 369; prefers large salary to 347; his nomination, 344, 345; dispute partnership, 203. with Chili, 350-53; the Behring Sea Just by the Way, poem on Mr. Carnegie, question, 350, 353-55. 238. Hartman Steel Works, 226. Hawk, Mr., of the Windsor Hotel, New Kaiser Wilhelm, and Mr. Carnegie, York, 150. 306-71. Hay, Secretary John, comment on Lin- Katte, Walter, 123. coln, 101, 102; visits Mr. Carnegie, Keble, Bishop, godfather of Matthew 216; chairman of directors of Car- Arnold, 298. negie Institution, 260; Librarj', at Kelly, Mr., chairman of blast-furnaces Brown University, 275; as Secretary committee, 241-43. of State, 358; the Hay-Pauncefote Kennedy, Julian, 220. Treat V, 359; the Senate his bcle noire, Kcnyon College, gift to, 106; Stanton S60, 361. Chair of Economics, 275. 382 INDEX

Keokxik, Iowa, 154. Macdonald, Sir John, and the Behriag Keystone Bridge Works, 116, 122-28, 176. Sea troubles, 354, 355. Keystone Iron Works, 130. Mackie, J. B., quoted, 3, 9. Kilgraston, Scotland, 215, 216. Macy, V. Everit, 277. Kind action never lost, 85, 86. Martin, Robert, Mr. Carnegie's only King Edward VII, letter from, 264, 265, schoolmaster, 13-15, 21. 326. Mason and Slidell, 102. Kloman, Andrew, partner with Mr. Mellon, Judge, of Pittsburgh, 1. Carnegie, 130, 178, 179; a great me- Memorizing, benefit of, 21, 39. chanic, 131, 134; in bankruptcy, 194- MUl, John Stuart, as rector of St. An- 96. drews, 272. Knowledge, sure to prove useful, 60. Miller, Thomas N., 45, 46, 110; on the Knowles, James, on Tennyson, 337, 338. doctrine of predestination, 75: part- Koethen, Mr., choir leader, 51. ner with Mr. Carnegie, 115, 130, 133; death of, 130; sells his interest, 133, Labor, some problems of, 240-54. 134. Lang, Principal, 272. Mills, D. O., 260. Lauder, George, uncle of A. C, 12, 28, Mitchell, Dr. S. Weir, 260. 113, 287; teaches him history, 15-17; Morgan, J. Pierpont, 171, 172, 256. and recitation, 20. Morgan, Junius S., 155, 156, 170. Lauder, George, cousin of A. C, 8, 17; Morgan, J. S., & Co., negotiations with, develops coal-washing machinerv, 144, 169-72. 223. Morland, W. C, 42. Lauder Technical College, 9, 15. Morley, John, and Mr. Carnegie, 21, 22, Lehigh University, Mr. Carnegie gives 293; address at Carnegie Institute,

Taylor HaU, 266. 188; on Lord Rosebery, 311; on the . Lewis, Enoch, 91. Earl of Elgin, 314; on Mr. Carnegie^' Libraries, founded by Mr. Carnegie, 47, 322 n.\ pessimistic, 322, 323; visits 48, 259. America, 324, 325; and Elihu Root, Library, public, usefulness of, 47. 324; and Theodore Roosevelt, 325; Lincoln, Abraham, some characteristics and Lord Acton's library, 325; and of, 101; second nomination sought, Joseph Chamberlam, 326, 327. 104, 105. Morley, R. F., 100 n. Linville, H. J., partner of Mr. Carnegie, Morris, Leander, cousin of Mr. Car- 116, 120. negie, 51. Literature, value of a taste for, 46. Morrison, Bailie, uncle of Mr. Car- Lloyd, Mr., banker at Altoona, 87. negie, 4-6, 9, 11, 210, 287, 312. Lombaert, Mr., general superintendent Morrison, Margaret, see Carnegie, Mar- of the Pennsylvania Railroad, 63, 66, garet. 67, 73. Morrison, Thomas, maternal grand- Lucy Furnace, the, erected, 178; in father of Mr. Carnegie, 4-6, 287. charge of Henry Phipps, 181; en- Morrison, Thomas, second cousin of larged, 183; gift from the workmen in, Mr. Carnegie, 145. 257, 258. Morton, Levi P., 165. Lynch, Rev. Frederick, 285. Mount Wilson Observatory, 261, 262. Municipal government, British and Mabie, Hamilton Wright, quoted, 113. American, 314-16. McAneny, George, 277. McCandiess, David, 78, 186. f Naig," Mr. Carnegie's nickname, 17., McCargo, David, 42, 49, 69. National Civic Federation, 234. McCulIough, J. N., 173, 175. National Trust Company, Pittsburgh, ^ Macintosh, Mr., Scottish furniture man- 224. ufacturer, 24. Naugle, J. A., 237. McKinley, President William, 358; and New York, first impressions of, 28; busi- the Panama Canal, 359; and the Span- ness headquarters of America, 149. ish War, 361-65. Nineteenth Century Club, New York. McLuckie. Burgomaster, and Mr. Car- 150. negie, 235-37. McMillan, Rev. Mr., Presbyterian min- Ocean survevs, 261. ister, 74-76. Ogden, Robert C, 277. INDEX 383

Oil wells, 136-39. negie, 118, 119; relations with James Oliver, Hon. H. W., 42, 49. B. Eads. 120. Omaha Bridge, 164, 165. Pitcairn, Robert, division superintend- Optimism, 3, 162; optimist and pessi- ent, Pennsylvania Railroad, 42, 44, mist, 323. 49, 66, 189. Organs, in churches, 278, 279. Pittencriefi" Glen, bought and given to Our Coaching Trip, quoted, 48, 110; Dunfermline, 286-89, 291. privately published, 212. Pittsburgh, in 1850, 39-41; some of its leading men, 41; in 1860, 93; later de- Palmer, Courtlandt, 150. velopment, 348. Panama Canal, 359, 360, 372. Pittsburgh, Bank of, 194. Pan-American Congress, 345, 346. Pittsburgh Locomotive Works, 115. Panic of 1873, the, 171, 172, 189-93. Pittsburgh Theater, 46, 48, 49. Park, James, pioneer steel-maker of Political corruption, 109. Pittsburgh, 199, 200. Predestination, doctrine of, 75. Parliament, membership and meetings, Principals' Week, 272. 315. Pritchett, Dr. Henry S., president of Partnership better than corporation, the Carnegie Foundation for the Ad- 221. vancement of Teaching, 268. Patiemuir College, 2. Private pension fund, 279, 280. Pauncefote, Sir Julian, and Mr. Blaine, Problems of To-darj, quoted, 40, 217. 355; the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, Protective tariffs, 146-48. 359, 360. Prousser, Mr., chemist, 222. Peabody, George, his body brought Public speaking, 210. home on the warship Monarch, 282. Pullman, George M., 157, 159; forms Peabody, George Foster, 277. Pullman Palace Car Company, 100, Peace, Mr. Carnegie's work for, 282-86; 161; anecdote of, 162; becomes a Palace, at The Hague, 284, 285. director of the Union Pacific, 164. Peace Society of New York, 285, 286. Peacock, Alexander R., partner of Mr, Quality, the most important factor in Carnegie, 203. success, 115, 122, 123. Pennsylvania Railroad Company, builds Queen's Jubilee, the (June, 1887), 320, first iron bridge, 115-17; aids Union 321. Pacific Railway, 163, 164; aids Al- Quintana, Manuel, President of Argen- legheny Valley Railway, 167-71; aids tina, 346. Pennsylvania Steel Works, 185. See also Carnegie, Andrew, Railroad ex- Railroad Pension Fund, 280. perience. Rawlins, Gen. John A., and General Pennsylvania Steel Works, the, 185. Grant, 107, 108. Pessimist and optimist, story of, 323. Recitation, value of, in education, 20. Philadelphia and Erie Railroad, 167-70. Reed, Speaker Thomas B., 362. Philippines, the, annexation of, 358, 362 Reid, James D., and Mr. Carnegie, 59 -65. and 71. Phillips, Col. William, 167, 168, 169. Reid, General, of Keokuk, 154. Phipps, Henry, 31, 130; advertises for Republican Party, first national meet- work, 131, 132; crony and partner of ing, 68. Thomas Carnegie, 132; controversy Riddle, Robert M., 81. over opening conservatories on Sun- Ritchie, David, 139, 140. day, 132, 133; European tour, 142; Ritter, Governor, of Pennsylvania, in charge of the Lucy Furnace, 181, anecdote of, 342. 182; statement about Mr. Carnegie Robinson, General, first white child and his partners, 196, 197; goes into born west of the , 40. the steel business, 201. Rockefeller, John D., 274. Phipps, John, 46; killed, 76. Rogers, Henry H., 296. Pig iron, manufacture of, 178, 179; im- Rolland School, 13. portance of chemistry in, 181-84. Roosevelt, Theodore, 260; and EHhu Pilot Knob mine, 183. Root, 275; John Moriey on, 325; re- Piper, Col. John L., partner of Mr. Car- jects the Arbitration Treaty, 360, 301; negie, 116, 117; had a craze for horses, and the Philippines, 365. 118, 121; attachment to Thomas Car- Root, Elihu, 260, 286 n.; fund named 384 INDEX

for, at Hamilton College, 275; "ablest 294, 297; Mr. Carnegie's interest in, of all our Secretaries of State," 275; 48, 49. on Mr. Carnegie, 276; and John Shaw, Henry W., see Billings, Josh. Morley, 324. Shaw, Thomas (Lord Shaw), of Dun- Rosebery, Lord, presents Mr. Carnegie fermline, 269, 288, 289. with the freedom of Edinburgh, 215; Sherman, Gen. W. T., 107. relations with, 309, 310; handicapped Shiras, George, Jr., appointed to the by being born a peer, 310, 311. Supreme Court, 353. Ross, Dr. John, 269, 271; aids in buying Siemens gas furnace, 136. Pittencrieff Glen, 288, 289; receives Singer, George, 225. freedom of Dunfermline, 313. Skibo Castle, Scotland, 217, 272, 326. Round the World, 205, 206, 208. Sleeping-car, invention of, 87; on the Union Pacific Railway, 158-61. Sabbath observance, 52, 53, 133. Sliding scale of wages, solution of the St. Andrews University, Mr. Carnegie capital and labor problem, 246, 247, elected Lord Rector, 271, 273; con- 252. fers doctor's degree on Benjamin Sloane, Mr. and Mrs., 29. Franklin and on his great-grand- Smith, J. B., friend of John Bright, 11, daughter, 272, 273. 12. St. Louis Bridge, 155-57. Smith, Perry, anecdote of, 124. Salisbury, Lord, and the Behring Sea Snobs, Engfish, 301. troubles, 353-55. Spanish W^ar, the, 361-65.

Sampson, , financial editor of the Speculation, 151, 153. London Times, 156. Spencer, Herbert, Mr. Carnegie's rela- Schiffler, Mr., a partner of Mr. Carnegie tions with, 333-37; a good laugher, in building iron bridges, 116, 117. 333, 334; opposed to militarism, 335; Schoenberger, Mr., president of the banquet to, at Delmonico's, 336; very Exchange Bank, Pittsburgh, 192, 193. conscientious, 337, 338; his philoso- Schurman, President Jacob G., 363. phy, 339; on the gift of Carnegie Schwab, Charles M., 152, 254-56. Institute, 348, 349. Scott, John, 186. Spens, Sir Patrick, ballad of, 7, 367. Scott, Thomas A., 63, 70-74, 77; helps Spiegel, manufacture of, 220. Carnegie to his first investment, 79; Stanley, Dean A. P., on Burns's theol- made general superintendent of the ogy, 271. Pennsylvania Railroad, 84; breaks Stanton, Edwin M., 41, 275, a strike, 84, 85; made vice-president Stanwood, Edward, James G. Blaine of the Company, 90; Assistant Secre- quoted, 345 n. tary of War, 99, 102; colonel, 103; Steel, the age of, 181-97; King, 224, 225. returns to the railroad, 109; tries to Steel Workers' Pension Fund, 281. get contract for sleeping-cars on the Steubenville, bridge at, over the Ohio Union Pacific, 158, 159; becomes pres- River, 116, 117. ident of that road, 164; Ifirst serious Stewart, D. A., freight agent of the difference M-ith Carnegiey 165; presi- Pennsylvania Railroad, 94, 95; joins dent of the Texas Pacific Railroad, Mr. Carnegie in manufacture of steel and then of the Pennsylvania road, rails, 186. 172; financially embarrassed, 173, 192; Stewart, Rebecca, niece of Thomas A. break Avith Carnegie and premature Scott, 90. death, 174. Stokes, Major, chief counsel of the Scott, Sir Walter, and Marjory Flem- Pennsylvania Railroad, 81-83, 86. ing, 20; bust of, at Stirling, 157; made Storey, Samuel, M.P., 330. a burgess of Dunfermline, 210. Storey farm, oil wells on, 138, 139 n. Scott, Gen. Winfield, 102, 103. Straus, Isidor, 196. Seneca Indians, early gatherers of oil, Straus, Oscar S., and the National Civic 138. Federation, 234, 235. Sentiment, in the practical affairs of Strikes: on the Pennsylvania Railroad, life, 253. 84, 85; at Homestead^028-39; at the Seton, Ernest Thompson, and John steel-rail works, 240, 243. Burroughs, 293. Sturgis, Russell, 168. \ Seward, Vvilliam Henry, 10r2. Success, true road to, 176, 177. ,\^hakespeare, quoted, 10, 214, 219, 255, Sun City Forge Company, 115 n. INDEX 385

Superior Rail Mill and Blast Furnaces, 159-61; Mr. Carnegie's connection 115. with, 162-65. Surplus, the law of the, 227. " Unitawrian," prejudice against, 12. \y^^ Swedeiiborgianism, 22, 50, 51. Sweet By and By, The, 341, 342. Vanderlip, Frank A., 268. Vandevort, Benjamin, 95. Taft, William H., and the Philippines, Vandevort, John W., 95; Mr. Carnegie's 363, 365. closest companion, 142; accompanies Tariff, protective, 146-48. him around the world, 204. Tiivlor, Charles, president of the Hero Van Dyke, Prof. John C, on the Fund, 26C, 267. , Je35-37, 239. Taylor, Joseph, 58. Taylor Hall at Lehigh University, 266. Wagner, Mr. Carnegie's interest in, Teaching, a meanly paid profession, 49 50. 268. Walker, Baillie, 3. Temple of Peace, at The Hague, 284, Wallace, William, 16, 17, 367. 285. War, breeds war, 16; must be abolished, Tennant, Sir Charles, President of the 274, 283, 284; "ferocious and futile Scotland Steel Company, 356, 357. folly," 358. Te.xas, story about, 334. Washington, Booker T., declines gift to Texas Pacific Railway, 172 n., 173. hunself, 276, 277.^ Thaw, William, vice-president of the Waterways, inland, improvement of, 342. Fort Wayne Railroad, 190. Webster Literary Society, 61. Thayer, William Roscoe, Life and Letters Wellesley College, Cleveland Library of John Hay, quoted, 216, 358, 359. at, 275. Thomas, Gen. George H., 107. Western Reserve University, Hanna Thompson, Moses, 223. Chair at, 275. Thomson, John Edgar, President of the White, Andrew D., 23, 150; and the Pennsylvania Railroad, 72; an evi- Hague Conference, 284. dence of his fairness, 117; offers Mr. White, Henry, 358. Carnegie promotion, 140; shows con- Whitfield, Louise, 213, 214. See also, fidence in him, 163; steel mills named Carnegie, Mrs. Andrew. for, 188, 189; financially embarrassed, Whitwell Brothers, 179. 192. Wilkins, Judge William, 95, 96. Tower, Charlemagne, Ambassador to William IV, German Emperor, 366-71. Germany, 366, 368. Wilmot, Mr., of the Carnegie Relief Trent afiFair, the, 102. Fund, 266. Trifles, knportance of, 36, 124, 159, Wilson, James R., 46. 248. Wilson, Woodrow, 371, 372. Triumphant Democracy, published, 309; Wilson, Walker & Co., 226. origin, 330-32. W^omen as telegraph operators, 69, 70. Troubles, most of them imaginary, 162. Woodruff, T. T., inventor of the sleep- Tuskegee Institute, 276. ing-car, 87, 161. Twain. Mark, letter from, 294, 295; Woodward, Dr. Robert S., president of man and hero, 296; devotion to his the Carnegie Institution, 260. wife, 297. Wordsworth, William, quoted, 86. Workmen's savings, 251. Union Iron Mills, 133, 134, 176; very World peace, 369-71. profitable, 198. Wright, John A., president of the Free- Union Pacific Railway, sleepmg-cars on. dom Iron Works, 185.