DOCSLIB.ORG

Ÿþm I C R O S O F T W O R

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ÿþm I C R O S O F T W O R ANNUAL REPORT 1980-81' ANNUAL REPORT 1980-81' INTRODUCTION The Shipping Research Bureau was founded in early 1980 by the Holland Committee on Southern Africa and the Working Group Kairos, two long standing anti-apartheid organizations, based in the Netherlands. The two founding organizations have for many years been actively engaged in attacking the oil link of the western oil majors, Shell in particular, with South Africa. The Working Group Kairos has since 1973 constantly been campaigning on this issue. The Holland Committee on Southern Africa joined then in 1977. From March 1979 the organizations together embarked upon a nationwide campaign for an oil embargo against South Africa and for the withdrawal of all Shell commitments from that country. Few if any statistical sources are available on the trade in crude oil with South Africa, and enormous secrecy surrounds the means whereby South Africa obtains its oil. However by researching and analysing movements of the world's tanker fleet important information can be obtained regarding this trade. The initiative to set up a monitoring unit to investigate the tanker trade with South Africa, was in accordance with the resolution on an oil embargo against South Africa, passed by the Council of Ministers of the Organizationof African Unity in July 1979. Paragraph 1 of resolution 731 explicitly "welcomes proposals for methods of monitoring and cutting down the shipment of oil to South Africa". In March 1980, Amsterdam was the venue of the International Seminar on an Oil Embargo against South Africa, organised by the Holland Committee on Southern Africa and the Working Group Kairos, in close co-operation with the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid. The Seminar was presided by Ambassador B. Akporode Clark of Nigeria, chairman of the Special Committee. One of the concrete recommendations resulting from this seminar was: "The creation of machinery to monitor all oil shipments to South Africa", considered an essential component of an effective oil embargo. With immediate effect, two researchers were assigned by the founding organizations to set up a monitoring unit, named Shipping Research Bureau, and they started their investigations into the tanker trade with South Africa. Setting up this research desk was made possible by generous financial assistance of development cooperation organizations and by donations of church bodies in the Netherlands and abroad. PUBLICATIONS Within half a year of its inception, the Shipping Research Bureau published its first main report, entitled "Oil tankers to South Africa". The 90 page report presented available information on tanker movements to South Africa, mainly from shipping industry sources. It provided a list of 150 tankers which called at Durban or Cape Town between 1 January 1979 and 31 March 1980, and P 0 BOX 11898 AMSTERDAM THE NETHERLANDS TEL020.25130 included information on the identity and nationality of owners, managers and charterers of the tankers involved as well as the ports of call before and after sailing to South Africa. Advance copies of the report were made available to the Chairman of the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid in December 1980. He then addressed letters to the Permanent Representatives of countries which, while they voted for General Assembly resolutions on the oil embargo against South Africa, appeared in the report to be involved in oil supplies to South Africa. They were requested to undertake appropriate investigations and encouraged to furnish relevant information and advice. Specific parts of the main report were made public on two occasions. In December 1980, a press conference was staged in Oslo by the Norwegian Council on Southern Africa, where a preliminary extract of the report of the Shipping Research Bureau on the Norwegian connection was published. Similarly, a press conference in The Hague, organised by the founding organizations of the Bureau in January 1981, focussed upon tankers somehow connected with the Netherlands and the Netherlands Antilles. Both reports received wide coverage in the national press as well as abroad. IMPACT The Shipping Research Bureau report "Oil tankers to South Africa" was a main topic at the Brussels conference of West European parliamentarians on an oil embargo against South Africa, held in February 1981 and organised by the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid. On the basis of the Shipping Research Bureau findings 40 members of Parliament from 11 countries called upon the United Nations Security Council to impose a mandatory oil embargo against South Africa. In March 1981, the report "Oil Tankers to South Africa" as a whole was presented in New York to the Chairman of the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid by the Chairman of the Shipping Research Bureau's Board. Simultanious press conferences were organised in New York and in London, where the report was made public, in London through the Anti- Apartheid Movement. In addition, press communiques based upon the findings of the Bureau were issued at the same time in Germany, Denmark, Sweden and Norway, in collaboration with the respective national anti-apartheid organizations. Summaries of the main report and of the press releases were translated into Arabic and widely distributed. Again, the results of the investigations of the Shipping Research Bureau were widely covered by the international press, both in newspapers all over the world, and in specialised periodicals of the oil and shipping circles. In a letter of 17 March 1981 to the Board of the Shipping Research Bureau, the Chairman of the United Nations Special Committee, Ambassador B. Akporode Clark expressed his appreciation of the work done by stating: "The Bureau has already, within its first year, fully justified its existence". About this time Ambassador Clark then disclosed a number of replies received from Governments that had earlier been approached by him to react to the findings of the Shipping Research Bureau on the possible involvement of shipping and oil companies based in their respective countries. Some relevant reactions of Governments may be cited here. The Indonesian Government stated that if the Bureau was right in its accusation that a certain company took Indonesian oil to South Africa, "the Government of Indonesia will circulate (the company's) name and that of the broker to all oil companies operating in Indonesia and prohibit them from doing business in Indonesia". The Government of Libya stated that it had decided "to bar from entering Libyan ports and to include in the blacklist", a tanker which the report revealed had called at a South African port for less than one day while en route from Libya to Japan, even though it had delivered no oil during its stop in South Africa. In May 1981 the Government of Liberia publicly issued a statement to the effect that it had proclaimed a decree "to make it illegal for any ship flying the Liberian flag to enter the territorial waters of South Africa. " This was done at the request of the OAU Liberation Committee meeting in Tanzania, where the report of the Bureau was presented by the consultant of the Shipping Research Bureau. The Government of Norway proposed a conference of oilshipping countries (such as Norway) and oil producing countries, to discuss means to stop the movement of embargoed oil to South Africa. At the United Nations sponsored International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa, held in Paris, May 1981, a declaration was adopted which stated that an effective embargo on the supply of petroleum is an essential component to the arms embargo against South Africa. The Paris declaration requests all states concerned to take effective action against corporations and tanker companies involved in the illicit supply of oil to South Africa. In the technical commission of the conference the report for the Shipping Research Bureau was presented and elucidated and another paper presented there, commissioned by the United Nations Centre against Apartheid, was mainly based upon research conducted by the Shipping Research Bureau. Resulting from the great demand by oil and shipping companies, journalists, embassies, universities and other agencies, a second reprint of the report proved necessary. PRESENT ACTIVITIES Since the publication of the report "Oil Tankers to South Africa", the small staff of the Bureau has continued its research. Notwithstanding the greater difficulties faced in obtaining relevant data (because of an increasing clamp down on information by the South African authorities) the Shipping Research Bureau plans to publish another similar report in a few month's time. It will cover a period of one and a half years (1 January 1980 - 1 July 1981), and compared with the first main report, the scope will be widened in two respects. Besides oil tankers as such, the new report will also handle other oil carrying vessels, such as combined carriers (ore/oil, bulk/oil). In addition, apart from Cape Town and Durban, other South African ports are being monitored as well, of which Saldanha Bay is particularly important. Many of the future possibilities of the Shipping Research Bureau depend on the availability of sufficient financial means, which are rather difficult to obtain. -4 In a letter to the Board of the Shipping Research Bureau, the Chairman of the United Nations Special Committee against Apartheid concluded as follows: "The work of the Bureau must continue and be extended until there is an effective machinery to monitor the oil embargo and punish the culprits. I hope that it will receive the necessary co-operation, as well as material and financial support, towards this end." Amsterdam, January 1982. ANNUAL REPORT 1982 -1983 P.O. Box 11898 1001 GW Amsterdam The Netherlands Phone (020) 251300/270801 Telex 17125 comsa nl ANNUAL REPORT 1982 -1983 P0. Box 11898 1001 GW Amsterdam The Netherlands Phone (020) 251300/270801 Telex 17125 comsa ni REPLBLIC OF SOU Ill AI-ICICA HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY DEBATES (IlANSARD) tIlIRD SLSSION-SE\ EN, I H PARLIAMUNT WEDNESDAY, 9 MARCH 1983 CRUDE OIL SUPPLIES FOR THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA *The MINISTER OF MINERAL AND ENERGY AFFAIRS: I think all hon.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Yemen and The
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by LSE Research Online Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States ‘One blood and one destiny’? Yemen’s relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council Edward Burke June 2012 Number 23 The Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States is a ten-year multidisciplinary global research programme. It focuses on topics such as globalization and the repositioning of the Gulf States in the global order, capital flows, and patterns of trade; specific challenges facing carbon-rich and resource-rich economic development; diversification, educational and human capital development into post-oil political economies; and the future of regional security structures in the post-Arab Spring environment. The Programme is based in the LSE Department of Government and led by Professor Danny Quah and Dr Kristian Ulrichsen. The Programme produces an acclaimed working paper series featuring cutting-edge original research on the Gulf, published an edited volume of essays in 2011, supports post-doctoral researchers and PhD students, and develops academic networks between LSE and Gulf institutions. At the LSE, the Programme organizes a monthly seminar series, invitational breakfast briefings, and occasional public lectures, and is committed to five major biennial international conferences. The first two conferences took place in Kuwait City in 2009 and 2011, on the themes of Globalization and the Gulf, and The Economic Transformation of the Gulf. The next conference will take place at the LSE in March 2013, on the theme of The Arab Spring and the Gulf: Politics, Economics, and Security.
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamics of Iranian-Saudi Relations in the Persian Gulf Regional Security Complex (1920-1979) Nima Baghdadi Florida International University, [email protected]
    Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 3-22-2018 Dynamics of Iranian-Saudi Relations in the Persian Gulf Regional Security Complex (1920-1979) Nima Baghdadi Florida International University, [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FIDC006552 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the International Relations Commons, and the Other Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Baghdadi, Nima, "Dynamics of Iranian-Saudi Relations in the Persian Gulf Regional Security Complex (1920-1979)" (2018). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3652. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3652 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida DYNAMICS OF IRANIAN-SAU DI RELATIONS IN THE P ERSIAN GULF REGIONAL SECURITY COMPLEX (1920-1979) A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in POLITICAL SCIENCE by Nima Baghdadi 2018 To: Dean John F. Stack Steven J. Green School of International Relations and Public Affairs This dissertation, written by Nima Baghdadi, and entitled Dynamics of Iranian-Saudi Relations in the Persian Gulf Regional Security Complex (1920-1979), having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. __________________________________ Ralph S. Clem __________________________________ Harry D.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Role of State Identity in Foreign Policy Decision-Making
    The London School of Economics and Political Science UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF STATE IDENTITY IN FOREIGN POLICY DECISION-MAKING The Rise and Demise of Saudi–Iranian Rapprochement (1997–2009) ADEL ALTORAIFI A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics and Political Science for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy London, October 2012 1 To Mom and Dad—for everything. 2 DECLARATION I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without the prior written consent of the author. I warrant that this authorization does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. The final word count of this thesis, including titles, footnotes and in-text citations, is 105,889 words. 3 ABSTRACT The objective of the thesis is to study the concept of state identity and its role in foreign policy decision-making through a constructivist analysis, with particular focus on the Saudi–Iranian rapprochement of 1997. While there has been a recent growth in the study of ideational factors and their effects on foreign policy in the Gulf, state identity remains understudied within mainstream International Relations (IR), Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA), and even Middle Eastern studies literature, despite its importance and manifestation in the region’s foreign policy discourses. The aim is to challenge purely realist and power-based explanations that have dominated the discourse on Middle Eastern foreign policy—and in particular, the examination of Saudi–Iranian relations.
    [Show full text]
  • 2012 Annual Report D'amico-SDN-ENG D'amico
    d’Amico Società di Navigazione S.p.A. 2012 ANNUAL REPORT 2012 Annual Report Consolidated and Statutory Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 December 2012 d’Amico Società di Navigazione S.p.A. Registered office: Via Siracusa 27, Palermo (Italy) Head office: Corso d’Italia 35/B, Rome (Italy) Share capital: Euro 25,000,000, fully paid-in Tax code, VAT registration and registration number in the Palermo Companies Register 00768720823 Contents L4 Corporate Boards and Officers B6 Report on Operations 6 Group Structure 8 d’Amico Società di Navigazione Group 9 Business Areas 12 Organization and Human Resources 14 Ship Management 16 Sustainable Development 17 Corporate Governance 19 Significant Events during the Year 22 Financial Performance Analysis – The Group 25 Operating Performance by Business Area 28 Financial Performance Analysis – d’Amico Società di Navigazione S.p.A. 30 Significant Events since the End of the Year and Business Outlook 36 Other Information d’Amico Società di Navigazione Group - Consolidated Financial Statements 39 as at 31 December 2012 40 Consolidated Income Statement 40 Statement of Comprehensive Income 40 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 42 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 43 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 44 Notes d’Amico Società di Navigazione - Statutory Financial Statements 79 as at 31 December 2012 80 Separate Income Statement 80 Statement of Comprehensive Income 81 Statement of Financial Position 82 Statement of Cash Flows 83 Statement of Changes in Shareholders’
    [Show full text]
  • The “Arab Spring” in the Kingdoms
    RESEARCH PAPER The “Arab Spring” in the Kingdoms Zoltan Barany | September 2012 The “Arab Spring” in the Kingdoms Series: Research Paper Zoltan Barany | September 2012 Copyright © 2012 Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies. All Rights Reserved. ____________________________ The Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies is an independent research institute and think tank for the study of history and social sciences, with particular emphasis on the applied social sciences. The Center‟s paramount concern is the advancement of Arab societies and states, their cooperation with one another and issues concerning the Arab nation in general. To that end, it seeks to examine and diagnose the situation in the Arab world – states and communities – to analyze social, economic, and cultural policies and to provide political analysis from an Arab perspective. The Center publishes in both Arabic and English in order to make its work accessible to both Arab and non-Arab researchers. Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies PO Box 10277 Street No. 826, Zone 66 Doha, Qatar Tel.: +974 44199777 | Fax: +974 44831651 www.dohainstitute.org Table of Contents Introduction 1 Varieties of Upheaval 3 Explaining the Different Levels of Upheaval 9 Societal Cleavages 18 Deficiencies of Political Mobilization 20 State Responses 23 Buying Social Peace 23 Political Responses: Carrots and Sticks 25 External Assistance 31 Conclusion 36 THE ARAB SPRING IN THE KINGDOMS Introduction1 The revolutions that have rocked the presidential republics of North Africa and the Middle East since early-2011 have garnered intense scholarly and journalistic interest and, in a short time, spawned an extensive literature.2 The Arab world‟s eight monarchies – Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) – with the notable exception of the first, a tiny island kingdom off the coast of Saudi Arabia, have escaped the brunt of the upheaval and received relatively modest attention.
    [Show full text]
  • 1An Overview of the North Sea Blowout Problem
    I IIASA PROCEEDINGS SERIES Volume 16 Managing Technological Accidents: Two Blowouts in the North Sea IIASA PROCEEDINGS SERIES CARBON DIOXIDE, CLIMATE AND SOCIETY 11 DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS: ISSUES AND Proceedings of an lIASA Workshop Cosponsored CHALLENGES by WMO, UNEP, and SCOPE, Proceedings of an International Task Force February 21-24, 1978 Meeting, Jill Williams, Editor June 23-25, 1980 Garan Fick and Ralph H. Sprague, Jr., Editors 2 SARUM AND MRI: DESCRIPTION AND COMPARISON OF A WORLD MODEL AND A 12 MODELING OF LARGE-SCALE ENERGY NATIONAL MODEL SYSTEMS Proceedings of the Fourth nASA Symposium on Proceedings of the nASA/IFAC Symposium on Global Modeling, Modeling of Large-Scale Energy SYstems, September 20-23, 1976 February 25-29, 1980 Gerhart Bruckmann, Editor W. Hafele, Editor, and L.K. Kirch mayer, Associate Editor 3 NONSMOOTH OPTIMIZATION Proceedings of an nASA Workshop, 13 LOGISTICS AND BENEFITS OF USING MATH­ March 28-April8, 1977 EMATICAL MODELS OF HYDROLOGIC AND Gaude Lemarechal and Robert Mifflin, Editors WATER RESOURCE SYSTEMS Selected Papers from an International Symposium, 4 PEST MANAGEMENT October 24-26, 1978 Proceedings of an International Conference, A.J. Askew, F. Greco, and J. Kindler, Editors October 25-29,1976 G.A. Norton and C.S. Holling, Editors 14 PLANNING FOR RARE EVENTS: NUCLEAR ACCIDENT PREPAREDNESS AND MANAGE­ 5 METHODS AND MODELS FOR ASSESSING MENT ENERGY RESOURCES Proceedings of an International Workshop, First lIASA Conference on Energy Resources, January 28-31, 1980 May 20-21, 1975 John W. Lathrop, Editor MkhelGrenon,Edftor 15 SCALE IN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS 6 FUTURE COAL SUPPLY FOR THE WORLD Based on an nASA Workshop, ENERGY BALANCE June 26-29, 1979 Third IIASA Conference on Energy Resources, John A.
    [Show full text]
  • Nervous Money
    Nervous Money GLOBAL LNG TERMINALS UPDATE 2021Lydia Plante and Ted Nace GLOBAL ENERGY MONITOR NERVOUS MONEY Global AUTHORS Energy Lydia Plante is a Research Analyst at Global Energy Monitor. Monitor Ted Nace is Executive Director at Global Energy Monitor. ABOUT GLOBAL ENERGY MONITOR Global Energy Monitor (GEM) develops and shares informa- EDITING AND PRODUCTION tion on energy projects in support of the worldwide move- Edited by Mason Inman and James Browning. Design by ment for clean energy. Current projects include the Global Charlene Will and Mimi Heft. Additional design and page Coal Mine Tracker, Global Coal Plant Tracker, Global Fossil layout by David Van Ness. Infrastructure Tracker, Europe Gas Tracker, CoalWire news- letter, Global Gas Plant Tracker, Global Renewable Power ABOUT THE COVER Tracker, Global Steel Plant Tracker, Latin America Energy Photo of LNG tanker in Tokyo Bay. Copyright (c) Bill Chizek, Portal, and GEM.wiki. 2019. Courtesy of Getty Images. ABOUT THE GLOBAL FOSSIL INFRASTRUCTURE PERMISSIONS/COPYRIGHT TRACKER (GFIT) This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and The Global Fossil Infrastructure Tracker is an online data- in any form for educational or nonprofit purposes without base that identifies, maps, describes, and categorizes oil and special permission from the copyright holders, provided gas pipelines and terminals. Originally released by GEM in that acknowledgement of the source is made. No use of this January 2019 and updated twice annually, the tracker uses publication may be made for resale or other commercial footnoted wiki pages to document each pipeline or termi- purpose without the written permission of the copyright nal.
    [Show full text]
  • EU-GCC Cooperation: Securing the Transition in Yemen
    Gulf Paper EU-GCC Cooperation: Securing the Transition in Yemen GULF PAPER Gulf Research Center Gulf Research Center Gulf Paper EU-GCC Cooperation: Securing the Transition in Yemen GULF PAPER © Gulf Research Center 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Gulf Research Center. Gulf Research Center Gulf Research Center Gulf Paper EU-GCC Cooperation: Securing the Transition in Yemen GULF PAPER EU-GCC Cooperation: Securing the Transition in Yemen Edward Burke*1 he protests of the Arab Spring rose to a crescendo in Yemen in March 2011. On March 18, the Yemeni security forces opened fire on protestors in the country’s capital, Sanaa, killing 52. Key military commanders including Major- General Ali Mohsen Al-Ahmar defected to the opposition. Other commanders took aT more ambivalent approach – siding neither with the government nor the protestors. President Ali Abdullah Saleh began to look for an urgent and, if possible, honorable exit from power. In April 2011, he turned to the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The GCC has rightly been praised for its remarkable achievement in creating and maintaining a customs union and encouraging advanced economic, educational, and cultural cooperation between its six member states. But it is not known for its coherence in foreign policy. In the case of Yemen, there had been major disagreements between Doha and Riyadh during 2007 and 2008 over the best approach towards resolving Yemen’s escalating internal conflict between the government and Zaydi Shia rebels led by the Houthi clan in the northern province of Saada (which borders Saudi Arabia).1 Qatar’s ties to the Houthi rebels fed Saudi suspicion that * The author would like to thank Ana Echague, Researcher at FRIDE, Larissa Alles at St.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 World Lng Report
    2020 WORLD LNG REPORT Sponsored by RE Advertorial_International Gas Union - LNG Report_Print_FA.pdf 1 4/8/2020 11:16:51 PM IGU World LNG report - 2020 Edition 4 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K 2 3 IGU World LNG report - 2020 Edition Message from the Chapter 1: State of the Table Of Contents President of the LNG Industry International Gas Union 7 8 Chapter 2 : LNG Trade Chapter 3 : LNG and Gas Chapter 4 : Liquefaction Chapter 5 : Shipping Pricing Plants 2.1 Overview 4.1 Overview 5.1 Overview 2.2 LNG Exports by Market 4.2 Global Liquefaction Capacity and Utilisation 5.2 LNG Carriers 2.3 LNG Imports by Market 4.3 Liquefaction Capacity by Market 5 . 3 F l o a t i n g S t o r a g e a n d R e g a s i fi c a t i o n U n i t 2.4 LNG Interregional Trade 4.4 Liquefaction Technologies Ownership (FSRUs) 4.5 Floating Liquefaction 5.4 2020 LNG Orderbook Map: Global LNG Liquefaction Terminals 5.5 Vessel Costs and Delivery Schedule 4.6 Risks to Project Development 5.6 Charter Market 4.7 Update on New Liquefaction Plays 5.7 Fleet Voyages and Vessel Utilisation 4.8 Refrigeration Compressor Driver Map: Major LNG Shipping Routes Developments 5.8 Near Term Shipping Developments 10 22 28 52 Chapter 6 : LNG Receiving Chapter 7 : The LNG Chapter 8 : References Appendices Terminals Industry in Years Ahead 6.1 Overview 8.1 Data Collection for Chapters 3, 4, 5 and 6 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The LNG Industry
    The LNG industry GIIGNL ANNUAL REPORT 2019 REPORT GIIGNL ANNUAL GIIGNL ANNUAL REPORT2019 GIIGNL is a non-profit organisation whose objective is to promote the development of activities related to LNG: purchasing, importing, processing, transportation, handling, re-gasification and its various uses. The Group constitutes a forum for exchange profile of information and experience among its 81 members to enhance safety, reliability and efficiency of LNG import activities and the operation of LNG import terminals in particular. GIIGNL has a worldwide focus and its membership is composed of nearly all companies in the world active in the import and regasification terminalling of LNG. Key Figures 02 LNG trade in 2018 04 Contracts concluded in 2018 06 Medium-term and long-term contracts in force in 2018 08 LNG shipping 14 LNG imports in 2018 24 Liquefaction plants 32 contents Regasification terminals 37 World LNG Maps 46 Retail LNG in 2018 50 About GIIGNL 51 © GIIGNL - International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers All data and maps provided in this publication are for information purposes and shall be treated as indicative only. Under no circumstances shall they be regarded as data or maps intended for commercial use. Reproduction of the contents of this publication in any manner whatsoever is prohibited without prior consent of the copyright owners. (Photo credits: © Elengy_Arnaud Brunet, Höegh LNG (cover) ; Inpex Corporation Mitsui O.S.K. Lines Ltd. ; Novatek ; Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd. ; AES) EDITORIAL The LNG industry in 2018 by the EU and US statement of intent in July or by the reciprocal tariff increase between US and China in September.
    [Show full text]
  • Foreign Reports Inc. the Spr Release Today and the 2000
    FOREIGN REPORTS INC. 818 18TH Street NW, Suite 1050 Washington, D.C. 20006 Tel: 202-785-4574 Fax: 202-785-5370 BULLETIN June 23, 2011 THE SPR RELEASE TODAY AND THE 2000 RELEASE Both the IEA and the U.S. Department of Energy announcements on the planned release of a combined 60 million barrels of oil from strategic stocks emphasized cooperation with major producing countries. President Obama has similarly emphasized cooperation with producers since March 11, when, during an “energy” press conference, he first said that plans for an SPR release were all “teed up”. In the last comparable SPR release, in September 2000, Saudi Arabia‟s position on the release evolved over several days, especially as an OPEC Summit was held in Caracas three days later. The 2000 release was announced six weeks prior to a close presidential election. The IEA said today that it “warmly welcomes the announced intentions to increase production by major oil producing countries” but claimed that such an increase “will inevitably take time.” “The IEA collective action is intended to complement expected increases in output by these producing countries, to help bridge the gap until sufficient additional oil from them reaches global markets,” the Agency said today. U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu, in a statement, said: “The decision today is intended to complement the production increases recently announced by a number of major oil producing countries. The United States welcomes those commitments and encourages other countries to follow suit.” He noted the U.S. had been “in close contact” with producers. May 14 Meeting in Riyadh Saudi Oil Minister Ali Naimi received a sub-cabinet level group from the Obama Administration on May 14, led by White House deputy national security adviser Michael Froman and Deputy Energy Secretary Dan Poneman.
    [Show full text]
  • Gulf Oil And
    SYMPO S IUM : GULF OIL AND GA S : WHAT ARE THE PRODUCER S THINKIN G ? GULF OIL AND GAS : WHAT ARE THE PR O DUCERS THINKIN G ? Nathaniel Kern, Fareed Mohamedi, Lucian Pugliaresi, Jean-François Seznec The following is an edited transcript of the sixtieth in a series of Capitol Hill conferences convened by the Middle East Policy Council. The meeting was held Thursday, April 22, 2010, with Thomas R. Mattair presiding. THOMAS MATTAIR: Executive director, Middle East Policy Council, and associate editor, Middle East Policy; author, Global Security Watch—Iran: A Reference Handbook Today we’re examining what the oil and gas producers are thinking when they make their calculations and which economic and political factors influence their decisions. The domestic economic factors would be their need for revenue, their desire to diversify their economies, their need to satisfy domestic constituencies — and, in the case of Iraq, the domestic political instability that could challenge oil development. In the international realm, what are the geopolitical forces that the producers have to take into account? Where is demand falling, and where is it rising? Who do their most important customers have to be in a strictly economic sense, and who are their most important political and strategic partners? We have some divergence taking place there now, as the customers are in the East and the security partners are in the West. NATHANIEL KERN: President, Foreign Reports Obviously, none of us here can speak for the governments in the region. But I will de- scribe some of the changes that have occurred in the historic relationship that the United States has had with a key producer — Saudi Arabia — and then look to the future and the mutually beneficial mixture of “hard” and “soft” power each of the two countries brings to the relationship.
    [Show full text]