Rutgers Gardens Holly Collection Accession List
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SLAM Project
Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e69924 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e69924 Data Paper SLAM Project - Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the natural forest of Azores: I - the spiders from native forests of Terceira and Pico Islands (2012-2019) Ricardo Costa‡, Paulo A. V. Borges‡,§ ‡ cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Azores, Portugal § IUCN SSC Mid-Atlantic Islands Specialist Group,, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal Corresponding author: Paulo A. V. Borges ([email protected]) Academic editor: Pedro Cardoso Received: 09 Jun 2021 | Accepted: 05 Jul 2021 | Published: 01 Sep 2021 Citation: Costa R, Borges PAV (2021) SLAM Project - Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the natural forest of Azores: I - the spiders from native forests of Terceira and Pico Islands (2012-2019). Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e69924. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69924 Abstract Background Long-term monitoring of invertebrate communities is needed to understand the impact of key biodiversity erosion drivers (e.g. habitat fragmentation and degradation, invasive species, pollution, climatic changes) on the biodiversity of these high diverse organisms. The data we present are part of the long-term project SLAM (Long Term Ecological Study of the Impacts of Climate Change in the natural forest of Azores) that started in 2012, aiming to understand the impact of biodiversity erosion drivers on Azorean native forests (Azores, Macaronesia, Portugal). In this contribution, the design of the project, its objectives and the first available data for the spider fauna of two Islands (Pico and Terceira) are described. -
Gradient Analysis of Exotic Species in Pinus Radiata Stands of Tenerife (Canary Islands) S
The Open Forest Science Journal, 2009, 2, 63-69 63 Open Access Gradient Analysis of Exotic Species in Pinus radiata Stands of Tenerife (Canary Islands) S. Fernández-Lugo and J.R. Arévalo* Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38206, Spain Abstract: Identifying the factors that influence the spread of exotic species is essential for evaluating the present and future extent of plant invasions and for the development of eradication programs. We randomly established a network of 250 plots on an exotic Pinus radiata D. Don plantation on Tenerife Island in order to determine if roads and urban centers are favouring the spread of exotic plant species into the forest. We identified four distinct vegetation groups in the P. radiata stands: advanced laurel forest (ALF), undeveloped laurel forest (ULF), ruderal (RU), and Canarian pine stand (CPS). The groups farthest from roads and urban nuclei (ALF and CPS) have the best conserved vegetation, characterizing by the main species of the potential vegetation of the area and almost no exotic and ruderal species. On the other hand, the groups nearest to human infrastructures (ULF and RU) are characterized by species from potential vegetation’s substitution stages and a higher proportion of exotic and ruderal species. The results indicate distance to roads and urban areas are disturbance factors favouring the presence of exotic and ruderal species into the P. radiata plantation. We propose the eradication of some dangerous exotic species, monitoring of the study area in order to detect any intrusion of alien species in the best conserved areas and implementation of management activities to reduce the perturbation of the ULF and RU areas. -
Native Trees of Georgia
1 NATIVE TREES OF GEORGIA By G. Norman Bishop Professor of Forestry George Foster Peabody School of Forestry University of Georgia Currently Named Daniel B. Warnell School of Forest Resources University of Georgia GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION Eleventh Printing - 2001 Revised Edition 2 FOREWARD This manual has been prepared in an effort to give to those interested in the trees of Georgia a means by which they may gain a more intimate knowledge of the tree species. Of about 250 species native to the state, only 92 are described here. These were chosen for their commercial importance, distribution over the state or because of some unusual characteristic. Since the manual is intended primarily for the use of the layman, technical terms have been omitted wherever possible; however, the scientific names of the trees and the families to which they belong, have been included. It might be explained that the species are grouped by families, the name of each occurring at the top of the page over the name of the first member of that family. Also, there is included in the text, a subdivision entitled KEY CHARACTERISTICS, the purpose of which is to give the reader, all in one group, the most outstanding features whereby he may more easily recognize the tree. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express his appreciation to the Houghton Mifflin Company, publishers of Sargent’s Manual of the Trees of North America, for permission to use the cuts of all trees appearing in this manual; to B. R. Stogsdill for assistance in arranging the material; to W. -
Proceedings Amurga Co
PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMURGA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON ISLAND BIODIVERSITY 2011 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMURGA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON ISLAND BIODIVERSITY 2011 Coordination: Juli Caujapé-Castells Funded and edited by: Fundación Canaria Amurga Maspalomas Colaboration: Faro Media Cover design & layout: Estudio Creativo Javier Ojeda © Fundación Canaria Amurga Maspalomas Gran Canaria, December 2013 ISBN: 978-84-616-7394-0 How to cite this volume: Caujapé-Castells J, Nieto Feliner G, Fernández Palacios JM (eds.) (2013) Proceedings of the Amurga international conferences on island biodiversity 2011. Fundación Canaria Amurga-Maspalomas, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. All rights reserved. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the author / publisher. SCIENTIFIC EDITORS Juli Caujapé-Castells Jardín Botánico Canario “Viera y Clavijo” - Unidad Asociada CSIC Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Emergencias, Cabildo de Gran Canaria Gonzalo Nieto Feliner Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid-CSIC José María Fernández Palacios Universidad de La Laguna SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Juli Caujapé-Castells, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner, David Bramwell, Águedo Marrero Rodríguez, Julia Pérez de Paz, Bernardo Navarro-Valdivielso, Ruth Jaén-Molina, Rosa Febles Hernández, Pablo Vargas. Isabel Sanmartín. ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Pedro -
Hollies for the Landscape
HOLLIES FOR THE LANDSCAPE Ilex crenata ‘Beehive’ Japanese Holly A Rutgers NJAES introduction - This is a northern hardy, Japanese Holly with a compact globe habit and shiny green foliage. Ilex ‘Winter Bounty’ A Rutgers NJAES introduction – ‘Winter Bounty' (I. ciliospinosa x. I. latifolia) is a unique holly with bold, shiny, long, nearly smooth leaves, rounded evergreen foliage. Heavy berry display, pollinate with 'Blue Prince', reportedly deer resistant. Ilex crenata ‘Jersey Pinnacle’ Japanese Holly A Rutgers NJAES introduction – this holly has a dense upright tight growing form with glossy dark green leaves. Ilex rugosa × I. (integra×pernyi) Rutgers ‘Spartan’ Holly U.S. Plant Patent #20,804 A Rutgers NJAES introduction – ‘Spartan’ is a new and distinct variety of evergreen holly distinguished in that it combines from three species (Ilex rugosa, Ilex integra, and Ilex pernyi), and has desirable landscape and production traits which distinguish it from all other forms of Ilex. In a landscape setting, the growth habit can be described as dense, self-compacting, and conical. Spartan has a unique combination of characteristics: nearly conical shape with minimal pruning; moderately vigorous, dense and self-compacting; easy to maintain at desired height; leaves are consumer friendly (no spines); abundant and well-distributed fruit; and low susceptibility to disease and insect pests. The plants can be used as foundation plants, hedge plants, and as single specimen plants since they are easy to maintain at a desired height. Ilex x ‘Rutzan’ ‘Red Beauty’ Holly U.S. Plant Patent No. 14,750 A Rutgers NJAES introduction - Red Beauty® is a new and distinct variety of evergreen holly distinguished in that it combines from three species (Ilex aquifolium, Ilex rugosa, and Ilex pernyi), and has desirable landscape and production traits which distinguish it from all other forms of Ilex. -
Native Plants for Your Backyard
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Native Plants for Your Backyard Native plants of the Southeastern United States are more diverse in number and kind than in most other countries, prized for their beauty worldwide. Our native plants are an integral part of a healthy ecosystem, providing the energy that sustains our forests and wildlife, including important pollinators and migratory birds. By “growing native” you can help support native wildlife. This helps sustain the natural connections that have developed between plants and animals over thousands of years. Consider turning your lawn into a native garden. You’ll help the local environment and often use less water and spend less time and money maintaining your yard if the plants are properly planted. The plants listed are appealing to many species of wildlife and will look attractive in your yard. To maximize your success with these plants, match the right plants with the right site conditions (soil, pH, sun, and moisture). Check out the resources on the back of this factsheet for assistance or contact your local extension office for soil testing and more information about these plants. Shrubs Trees Vines Wildflowers Grasses American beautyberry Serviceberry Trumpet creeper Bee balm Big bluestem Callicarpa americana Amelanchier arborea Campsis radicans Monarda didyma Andropogon gerardii Sweetshrub Redbud Carolina jasmine Fire pink Little bluestem Calycanthus floridus Cercis canadensis Gelsemium sempervirens Silene virginica Schizachyrium scoparium Blueberry Red buckeye Crossvine Cardinal flower -
Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants
Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Suzanne Sharrock and Meirion Jones May 2009 Recommended citation: Sharrock, S. and Jones, M., 2009. Conserving Europe’s threatened plants: Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK ISBN 978-1-905164-30-1 Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Acknowledgements The work of establishing a consolidated list of threatened Photo credits European plants was first initiated by Hugh Synge who developed the original database on which this report is based. All images are credited to BGCI with the exceptions of: We are most grateful to Hugh for providing this database to page 5, Nikos Krigas; page 8. Christophe Libert; page 10, BGCI and advising on further development of the list. The Pawel Kos; page 12 (upper), Nikos Krigas; page 14: James exacting task of inputting data from national Red Lists was Hitchmough; page 16 (lower), Jože Bavcon; page 17 (upper), carried out by Chris Cockel and without his dedicated work, the Nkos Krigas; page 20 (upper), Anca Sarbu; page 21, Nikos list would not have been completed. Thank you for your efforts Krigas; page 22 (upper) Simon Williams; page 22 (lower), RBG Chris. We are grateful to all the members of the European Kew; page 23 (upper), Jo Packet; page 23 (lower), Sandrine Botanic Gardens Consortium and other colleagues from Europe Godefroid; page 24 (upper) Jože Bavcon; page 24 (lower), Frank who provided essential advice, guidance and supplementary Scumacher; page 25 (upper) Michael Burkart; page 25, (lower) information on the species included in the database. -
Ilex Perado Ssp
Localidad Población Código N NF P H Tenerife Guajara GUAT 3 0 0,00 0,000 Los Cachorros LCAT 1 0 0,00 0,000 La Palma Curva del Observatorio COBP 3 2 1,45 0,004 Espigón del Roque de los Muchachos ERMP 5 6 4,35 0,015 La Parcela Grande PAGP 5 5 3,62 0,015 El Espigón ESPP 1 0 0,00 0,000 Los Andenes LANP 30 15 10,87 0,039 El Espigón del Norte EPNP 3 0 0,00 0,000 Ciudad Real P.N. Cabañeros CABA 6 6 4,35 0,014 LLeida P.N. Augüestortes AUGÜ 36 83 60,14 0,093 Asturias P.N. Los Picos de Europa PEUR 51 97 70,29 0,097 Granada P.N. Sierra N evada SNEV 52 63 45,65 0,119 Todos 195 138 100 2,000 GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION AMONG Ilex perado ssp. lopezlilloi AND THEIR CONGENERS OF MACARONESIA González-González. E. A.1; M. A. González-Pérez1; E. Rivero1. M.J.B. Texeira-Pereira2; M. Moura2; L. Silva2 y P.A. Sosa1 1Biology Department, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Tafira Campus, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. 2Biology Department, Universidade dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422. 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Portugal. Introduction Description APAT-P The genus Ilex L. (Aquifoliacaea) has 4 taxa in Macaronesia: Ilex azorica Gand. 41 endemic of Azores; Ilex canariensis Poir. (Aceviño) endemic of Canary Islands and ENGO-L Madeira and Ilex perado Aiton is a Macaronesian endemism with two subspecies in the La Gomera 37 SUGO-P Canary Islands - Ilex perado ssp. -
Ilex Aquifolium
Ilex aquifolium Ilex aquifolium (holly, common holly, English holly, European holly, or occasionally Christmas holly), is a species of holly native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia. It is regarded as the type species of the genus Ilex, which by association is also called "holly". It is an evergreen tree or shrub found, for example, in shady areas of forests of oak and in beech hedges. In the British Isles it is one of very few native evergreen trees. It has a great capacity to adapt to different conditions and is a pioneer species that repopulates the margins of forests or clearcuts. I. aquifolium can exceed 10 m in height, but is often found at much smaller heights, typically 2–3 m (6.6–9.8 ft) tall and broad, with a straight trunk and pyramidal crown, branching from the base. It grows slowly and does not usually fully mature due to cutting or fire. It can live 500 years, but usually does not reach 100. Ilex aquifolium is the species of holly long associated with Christmas, and previously the Roman festival of Saturnalia. Its glossy green prickly leaves and bright red berries (produced only by the female plant) are represented in wreaths, garlands and cards wherever Christmas is celebrated. It is a subject of music and folklore, especially in the British tradition. It is also a popular ornamental shrub or hedge, with numerous cultivars in a range of colours. Description Ilex aquifolium grows to 10–25 m (33–82 ft) tall with a woody stem as wide as 40–80 cm (16– 31 in), rarely 100 cm (39 in) or more, in diameter. -
English Holly Ilex Aquifolium L
English holly Ilex aquifolium L. Synonyms: none Other common names: none Family: Aquifoliaceae Invasiveness Rank: 67 The invasiveness rank is calculated based on a species’ ecological impacts, biological attributes, distribution, and response to control measures. The ranks are scaled from 0 to 100, with 0 representing a plant that poses no threat to native ecosystems and 100 representing a plant that poses a major threat to native ecosystems. Description English holly is a small, evergreen shrub or tree with numerous, short, erect to spreading branches. It commonly grows 2 to 5 m tall, but it can grow up to 17 m tall in its native range. Young twigs are green and develop grey bark with age. Leaves are alternate, petiolated, ovate to oblong, entire or lobed, leathery, and 2.5 to 6 cm long with glossy, dark green upper surfaces and spine-like teeth. Male and female flowers are usually found on separate plants. Flowers are 6 mm in diameter, white, and borne in few-flowered, axillary clusters. Fruits are 7 to 12 mm in diameter, red, smooth, and clustered with 2 to 8 single-seeded nutlets each. Nutlets are convex and ridged (DiTomaso and Healy Fruit and foliage of Ilex aquifolium L. Photo by F. Vincentz. 2007, eFloras 2008, Klinkenberg 2010). Ecological Impact Impact on community composition, structure, and interactions: English holly invades undisturbed forests in the Pacific Northwest (Polster 2004, King County 2010, Klinkenberg 2010), and it has escaped cultivation and become invasive in moist, coastal forests in California (DiTomaso and Healy 2007). This species is considered one of the ten most invasive garden plants for sale in Tasmania. -
3K 45 Attack of the Urban Forest Eaters.PMD
The attack of the urban forest eaters: how a dedicated and educated group of volunteers is responding to the invasion of Asian long-horn beetles and gypsy moths in Chicago Julie Sacco Abstract The concept of biodiversity is largely unfamiliar to and unembraced by the general public. The overdeveloped nature of urban habitats and the underdeveloped awareness of their human inhabitants lead to a perception by the general public that one tree is as green as the next, and that most insects should be squashed on sight. TreeKeepers are trained citizen foresters who volunteered for the Openlands Project to help maintain the health of Chicago’s green infrastructure. In a unique partnership with Chicago’s Bureau of Forestry and the Chicago Park District, TreeKeepers serves as a national model for interagency cooperation, public-private partnerships, and advocacy on behalf of the urban forest. Since 1991, over 500 people from almost every neighborhood in Chicago have taken the 7-week TreeKeeper training course to learn basic arboriculture skills including tree identification and physiology, soils, planting and pruning techniques, tree disease, and insect problem recognition. Tree Keepers volunteer on workdays in different parks and along Chicago’s boulevards to help city crews with tree maintenance and other greening activities. In January of 1998, TreeKeepers were invited to an informational workshop presented by the Illinois Department of Agriculture (IDA) and Chicago’s Bureau of Forestry (CBOF) about the spread of the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) in Chicago, and on monitoring efforts being launched later in the year. Attendees, including CBOF staff, learned that the gypsy moth had been defoliating its way westward since its accidental release from a lab in Medford, Massachusetts, in 1869. -
Variety Height Characteristics Shiny Dark Green Leaves with Creamy White Margins
Variety Height Characteristics Shiny dark green leaves with creamy white margins. Argenteo- Bright red berries in winter. Ilex aquifolium 15-20’ marginatus Requires a male pollinator for berries to set. Use Gold Coast to pollinate. Very dense, compact growth habit. Dark green leaves are edged in bright Ilex aquifolium Gold Coast 4-6’ yellow. Male form with no berries, but will pollinate other hollies. Ilex aquifolium Hedgehog 15-20’ Great for containers or Ilex aquifolium Myrtifolia 6-8’ smaller gardens. Very slow growing. This extremely vigorous growing holly is great for Nellie R. Ilex aquifolium 12-18’ hedging. Female species- Stevens requires male to produce berries. An evergreen shrub with abundant red berries for Ilex cornuta Dazzler 8-10' winter! Spines on the margins of the foliage. Great for Christmas greenery. Valued for its delicate, narrow, twisted leaves and heavy crop of bright red fruit Ilex cornuta Needlepoint 8-10’ that lasts through winter. Performs well as a lush screen, border, accent or foundation plant. The hardies of all hollies. Bright red berries stand out Ilex meserveae Blue Girl 6-7’ against blue-green foliage. Makes a great hedge. Great as a background Ilex meserveae Blue Prince 12-15’ plant or hedge. Good pollinator for female hollies. Variety Height Characteristics Compact, pyramidal form. Dark green leaves with Ilex meserveae Castle Spire 8-10’ bright red berries. Use Castle Wall to pollinate. Great compact, pyramidal form. Great in place of Yew Ilex meserveae Castle Wall 5-8’ hedging. Use to pollinate Castle Spire. Dark green foliage and dark Ilex meserveae Dragon Lady 10-15’ purple stems.