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~ btfaiLA IlllAptJlldmiIibJ Volume 5 Number 7 March-April, 1987 nalan•

Reminiscence, \ •

Fearless PlRGIM Basebal ~~verecl ctlons•

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page 2 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW March-April, 1987 ...... ierpent's mootlJ ileluxe

M Vote Blue!!! Oh, that's over now? -tl Sorry. Following the tradition on campus, -tl 7). We will build a Pizza Hut on the we at the Review have devised our set. -tl Diag to protest US investment in the ** of 12 demands. And here they are: -tl . Soviet Union. Proceeds from pizza Here's an exciting course to. take -tc sales will go to the Review. .' next semester: The Theory and Prac­ -tc 8). Mandatory distribution of Soldier 1). Professors Bert Hornback and tice ofModem Literary Criticism from -tc of Fortune magazine in dormitory Steve Rosenstone (our favorite upper -tc Marxism and Psychoanalysis to class, northeastern elitist liberal from mailboxes. Also included will be an -tc autographed copy of Vanna White's Structuralism. Semiotics and Decon­ Yale) must be moved to the fiction -tc struction. This fun filled course will section of the library. -tl autobiography. examine the contemporary rejection 9). A negative checkoff on the SVF for 2). The creation of a nudist awareness -tl of the principles of new criticism and day. If you wear your clothes, you are -tl the Beastie Boys. 10). Condoms for the Burpman. the development of alternative critical a skinophobic. -tl perspectives redefining the nature and 11). We demand the Student Publi­ 3). An orientation workshop on the -tc function of the text, the author, the writings of Burke, Goldwater, Will, -tc cations Building, or at least all the reader, critical evaluation, and the Watt, and Tanter. -tc computer disks that people give to the -tc Daily. outermost boundaries of literature 4). Grape juice before every protest on -tc 12). Yay!! The last one, this is tough. itself. Yes, this is really a course in the the Diag. Career Development curriculum of -tl No classes on Arbor Day. 5). Canonization of Preacher Mike -tc the Pajama U (The Residential Col­ and a free tape of his greatest sermons. 13). Wait, we overstepped the bounds lege to the rest of us)-We wonder if -tl of normal decency. WE HAVE The package will include the Stoney -tc they'll be using Barbara Foley's latest THIRTEEN DEMANDS. wE: LIED. Burke-Preacher Mike Debates. -tl book. Knee braces for President Shapiro to 6). Gee, its getting hard to think of any -tl more demands. Oh, wait, here's one. -tl be used at public addresses. ** .;: All points bulletin: The Marines are -tl looking for a few good eunuchs .

••• We hear that a few fraternities were From the didjaknow department: If The MSA elections were real fun, ';'Wel1il~d/Piereelosf

St.)" here 1I-.e.ire - 1<.0 ov\ ShapIro'S .,,~~&> lNl~Jr / kok',':3 ~ t\ \aIJ II" / I ~v\li'o\e libe,,"~. (ClLvt') 11. ... S(§) mJ) 0(1i) Ds if <9J I.tJh-t diJ~ +\.e.-j . .- ~foU~~ /v;;uJ('f\pt>- t\1 .Cb. .... e. \ , o-~Q. in ~e.. 0.'1'"- c.oru:l,~,of'\e.d IUXVl1 o~ hi!! S',..'(\'I -new R~·lo." M·-.2Lf cd-tock "~h '1'ter. Tour the. bx-ne4 M J:~. <1'" v.~ OJIJ. do 0 \·rt+\e ~~, ! 1=;'1\4 11 '1) bQC\< +0 M~~jlA ~or 0. .t'\.~~ or; cenSO~hlP Q.",J ~p~kM. II WI!'p.= Jl:X:)¥rNG- i=oR A FEW IWkE ~ G-Ul.a.eLE L tBERALS!' J:QRCoWr'lu.\lrsr tlcTATOR$l+)!S ~ It'JU i ' ~ e ' ": ~<", ,,,, < ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",,,,,., ....,, ~ ,, w,'" ,~ ~, --~-...... --. .', ...... , .~... , .",,--, & ~ -~-- "~

March-April, 1987 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW page 3

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TIl· !J1 rom litt iEbilor I ~. I - Dvmw The Daily Blues Publisher David Katz I t backfired. However, a group of students, some now? The problem, perhaps, is that Associate Publishers What was supposed to be 'a humo­ of whom belong to SARI, (a group the Daily views incidents of racism, rous April Fools Day editorial by the whose mandate is to fight incidents of Kurt M. Heyman bigotry a·nd intolerance on campus Michigan Daily became the target of religious intolerance) were particu­ with one eye open and one eye closed. Mark Powell religious bigotry charges by a group larly offended by this editorial, which Editor-in-Chief called Students Against Religious In­ was written by a self-proclaimed ag­ Seth B. Klukoff tolerance, and others. The editorial, nostic. The writer, and the majority of ************** Executive Editors entitled "God is Dead," included such the Daily editorial board, thought the In other matters, watch for a sur­ Steve Angelotti lines as "God died at 3: 13am on April editorial was funny . A segment of its prisingly new Michigan Review in Paul Seltman I," "The woman identified as Mary readers did not. As a result, SARI September (Yes, we will be back). We Entertainment Editor Magdeline, kept shouting 'I've kicked protested the Daily and issued a set of are planning expanded coverage of Gloria Sanak the habit,' " and described the pope as demands, one of which was a simple campus affairs, an expanded arts Personnel Manager carousing around Italy, drinking a lot public apology by the newspaper. section and a presidential contenders Marc Selinger of wine with a naked lady on his lap. An analogous situation is the recent interview series (and ~ese are just Elections Editor Now, I am sure that people found WJJX incident. The callers who told some of the changes). We would also this editorial humorous. I found parts the racist jokes thought the jokes were Big Ed Pierce like to wish everybody a happy; and of it funny as well. And the Daily funny. The disc jockey also thought productive summer. AD<\ when you correctly asSerts that some people the jokes were funny. The black mi­ return in September, don't forget to Stfl/J were offended by the editorial and nority on campus did not. As a result, read Blue! Patrick Batcheller David Norquist some were not. Great. Yet, there are they protested and the University shut l! Craig Brown Patrick Paiis several larger issues involved here down the station. Finally WJJX and C. Brandon,Crocker Donna Prince which call into question the already the disc jockey in question issued a Daniel Drumm William Rice tenuous credibility of the Daily. . public apology and the station is back Rick D)'f'r.",:<',,;." ':" "'" D,ehbie ~hlussel to~ '1:~ '" the air. ' , S(~ 'e George " Tracey Stone The Daily's' editorials regularly on ~~ Leonard Greenberger Joseph Typho champion the causes of various min­ Yet, the Daily has refused to ac­ Asha Gunabalan '. David Vogel orities on campus and point out the knowledge SARI's demands. A simple many instances of intolerance towatd apo~ogy would do, but the Daily the minorities and other groups, such remains dead set against it. The HONORARY ADYISORY BOARD: Seth B. Klukoff is a Senior in Political C. as the gays and lesbians. In recent Michigan Student Assembly has even William Colburn. Paul McCracken. Stephen Science and Editor-in-Chief of the Tonsor months, the Daily has addressed us in condemned this incident of religious Review SUPPORTERS: serious tones about the evils of rac­ intolerance and has asked the Daily to Gerald R. Ford. R. Emmett T.vrrell. Jr., Norman ism, bigotry and intolerance. Oearly, apologize. Had the editorial poked fun Podhoretz. Irving Kristol. William F. Buckley. Jr .. Edwin Feulner Jr. , the Daily attempts to be at the fore­ at blacks, hispanics, gays, or lesbians, The Michigan Review welcomes. appreciates. front of educating the campus about a protest would have followed, an pleads for letters from our fans. admirers, these issues. Thus, given that the apology demanded and an apology adversaries (at your own risk, of course), and Daily strives to be enlightened about granted. The Daily even issued an groupies. If you want tQ see your letter on these such issues, one would assume that apology in December when they were pages (page 9, actually), please temper your writing to no more titan two dOllbk-spoced, they would take great care not to inundated with letters condemning an typt-lI'ritten p~s. Also, let us know your name. offend any group, even when writing a allegedly racist cartoon on their edi­ where you iive imd YOllr phone number. harmless April Fools editorial. torial page. So what is the problem But your response is not only limited to a leller. YOII may also submit an article. All work will be rel'iewed by Ollr impeccable editorial staff and considered in light ofstructllre and content. Articles can be sent to Ollr spaciolls, modern ,.. ,.. corporate office in the Michigan League. Well. ,.. The Review wishes best success and fortune to our graduates: ,.. aCll/ally. here is the mailing address: ,.. .. The Mkhigan Review ,.. ,.. Suite One ,.. Charles Lipsig, B.S. in Statistics; Staff Writer 1985-86, Personnel ,.. 911 North University ,.. Manager 1986-87 .. Ann Arbor. MI 48109 ,.. ,.. The Michigan Review is an independent, .. ,.. student-run journal at the University of Mich­ ..,.. ,.. igan. This means that no one controls us. We Joseph McCollum, M.S. in Industrial and Operations Engineering; ,.. are in no way, shape, or form representative of ..,.. Staff Writer 1982-1984, Executive Editor 1985-86, Associate the policies of the Administration and accept no Publisher 1986-87 ,.. dough from the University. .. .. Typesetting is provided by Trade Graphics, ,.. ,.. Inc. Our printers are Observer and Eccentric ,.. (But not in that order). .. Patrick Palis, B.A. in Political Science; staff writer 1986-87. Copyright 1987 ..,.. ..,.. ,.. ,r·:~~ ,.. ,.. ,.. Your dedication and conlribution will be sorely missed. ,.. .. ,.. .1\, "

page 4 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW March-April, 1987 ...... Indian Reminiscences by Asha Gunabalan

I was brought up in India for the For example, my neighbor hated her with their blessings. When my sister feel badly for the second-generation first sixteen years of my life, before landlord and constantly complained got married, she and her husband Indians because they have never re­ immigrating to the United States. I to my grandparents about her. Yet, received the blessings of several of my ally been part of Indian culture. They feel sad and sorry for the second-ge­ my neighbor would continue to help aunts, uncles, grand aunts and grand may have never felt the feelings of an neration Indians on campus. They her landlord cook and even babysit uncles. Before I departed for America, Indian and it is sad that they did not seem to be missing something-their for her children. I had to visit most of my relatives and experience our rich culture. I hope sense of identity. (There are about 160 Indians tend to be very helpful to receive their blessings. that most of these second-generation Indian students on campus, most of one another in a simple way. If my Marriages and births are very joyful Indians will make it a point to spend whom are children of the Indians that family ran out of tomatoes or eggs, my occasions. When a cousin gets marri­ at least two to three years in India. migrated to the US in the 1960s). grandmother would send me to her ed, all the immediate relatives and Maybe, they will discover more of They look like Indians, have Indian friend's house to fetch some. One of friends meet in the cousin's house at themselves and what it is to be Indian. parents who have become assimilated my cousins got married in a mandir (a least a week before the wedding and into the American culture, and visit place where one gets married) near my help out with all the preparations. We, n their relatives in India once in a while. house and we had fifty guests who had as youngsters, had the best deal. We Yet, they are confused. They are to stay overnight. We did not have the did not have to help out too much and Asha Gunabalan is a Sophomore in unsure of what culture to identify with room for all these people, but our could spend a lot of time teasing the LSA and a staff writer for the Review. and, moreover, are unsure of how to neighbors opened their doors, and a new bride and bridegroom. be happy with themselves once they few of our guests spent the night in I can go on with a lot more ex­ have made that choice. some of our neighbors' houses. It was amples of everyday Indian life. Yet, I Years and years have gone by in such a good feeling to be part of this which different ethnic group:, have strong, tightly-knit community. come to this country. And each .gen­ Much attention is given to being eration becomes more Americanized. together, whether with friends or WHATISA It is painful to watch the younger family. Our festivals are celebrated REPUBLICAN PARTY REPTILE? I feel sad and sorry for the second-generation Indians on ... campus. . They.seem to be missing sQmething-theirsense 'of identity. . THE RPR AGENDA:

generations go through this process with many other people. There are OPPOSED TO: and lose their ethnic identities. four major festivals that are celebrat­ ::;;;1.1 The second-generation Indians, ed in Southern India. On these days, • aerobics whose parents were born and brought people wake. up early, wear new ~ .: taxation without tax loopholes up in India, have the hardest time clothes, cook delicacies, offer them, ,•• . during their adolescent years. The and pray to God. Then they distribute .£,.,1..-...... - • jewelry on men pressures that they experience are so these delicacies to their friends and • government interference in different from the pressures that their relatives and go to each other's private affairs (unless the parents experienced in India. Thus, it houses, chat for a while, and eat some government brings over extra is very difficult for the adolescents more. The older people like to gossip ...... girls and some ice) and parents to understand each other. while the youngsters play some indoor About 80% of Indians are Hindus. games, such as chess, table tennis, or Yet, it takes more than being a Hindu parcheesie. If it is nice out, they may IN FAVOR OF: to be Indian. Although we may learn a play football, cricket, or badminton. • guns, drugs, fast cars lot about Hinduism, or any religion I will discuss some ofthe customary for that matter, we cannot understand habits of the Indian family. As soon as O'RouRKE • free love (if our girlfriends the people who actively practice that a visitor comes to the l!ouse, they are don't find out) religion. Most of the popular books on offered something to drink, usually • a firm stand on the Middle East India state that Hinduism is such an water because it is hot outside. After a (raze buildings, burn crops, integral part of our lives. while, they are offered some tea or $6.95 paperback plow the earth with salt, and I thought it might be interesting to coffee and snacks or a meal, depend­ sell the population into describe a few customs of the people ing on what time they arrive. bondage) ofIndia as I remember them. This will It is common practice to go to one give you a sense of what everyday life another's house without calling to is like, as seen through the eyes of a make sure that the people are home. It youngster. is also considered appropriate to stay "REPUBLICAN PARTY REPTILE is hilarious. I laughed so hard reading People in India seem to gossip a lot, there for four or five hours and have a this book that my armchair needs reupholstering. P.J. O'Rourke has and they seem to talk behind each meal. to be the funniest writer going, and boy does he go. This is high­ other's back all the time. Yet, people It is imperative that youngsters octane wit, S.J. Perelman on acid." remain friends for ' years and good always respect their elders. I remem­ . - Christopher Buckley friendships are valued quite highly on ber my grandmother yelling at me and author of The White House fv1ess the ladder of social values. In general, smacking me (right in front of our ,~~ ~ , Indians are loyal to one another and guests, too) because I refused to offer do not gossip about those they are my seat to one of my aunts. Older THE ATLANTIC MONTHLY PRESS loyal to. Furthermore, Indians feel an relatives are held in utmost respect DISTRIBUTED BY LITTLE BROWN AND CO. obligation to family anf friends, even and deference. Before venturing out to though they may not like each other. do anything, it is a "good omen" to go ,~~'>fIIII,t'lI~lIOt!li'l..~ II>!>'!~IH..I'I.')_ "' ''''''''·«<':''~ .... ".~. ~,. ..~ <. , ....'; ••• ,:.-...... ~ t·""-",,," '''Q · · ''''''- ' · ·· ' ·

March-April, 1987 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW page 5

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.§pttial It1tatu~t What is the Free

curricula, they may become side­ gather knowledge. tracked in digressions as the result of However, the Free U has some bugs University? intense discussion and debate. to work out. Since many people have According to Buchen, the Free U never heard of the Free U, it is clear by Steve George had a reasonable turnout this year, that their advertising is inadequate. with some classes drawing ten or Moreover, they must expand their Free University. Sounds interest­ Anarchist Potluck: "Anarchists and twelve people while others drew only student body beyond a' small group of ing, but what is it? Some kind of friends can meet people who are like­ . one or two. One class, "Anarchist progressives in order to bring in more tuition waver? Well, no, not actually. minded. " Not even close. The Free University Beyond Monogamy: "A course where (Free U) is an organization which people can explore the possibility 0/ a (Contact Person) Buchen explains that a Free U student "attempts to provide learning possi­ series o/relationships rather than with wants to ~scape traditional classroom education in favor bilities in an atmosphere not Qased on just one partner." ofa more intuitive development based on discussion and hierarchy," according to Free U Secret History 0/ the Twentieti Cen­ debate. "Contact Person" Dave Buchen. In tury: "What they don 't teach you in short, the Free U is an organization high school. Topics include general for anti-organization. worker strikes, early US milttary ag­ The Free U is a product of the gression in Central America, and Potluck", had thirty attendants. Many variety. If there is no dissent in these 1960s. It has existed as a small group, government suppression 0/ the work­ of the classes meet on a regular basis classes, they can rapidly become little seperate from the University of ing class. " while others meet only once and form more than organized propaganda Michigan, since about 1968. Although a discussion group. Buchen praises sessions where impassioned extrem­ no written history was available, word this group for allowing learning based ists can preach their views. With a . 9Lw,91J,tp" ,fep()rt.s ~bat it badbee.p To some, the Free U classes may upon an intuitive insight into the little effort, the Free U could cast """""'supported by Canterbury House until seem ideal. There are no exams, no value of others. away these restraints and move for­ last year, when the. coordinator assigned readings, and attendance is The Free U is not a bad idea. It ward to achieve its admirable, if moved out of Ann Arbor. Since then, optional. Buchen explains that a Free encourages open forums on issues and idealistic, objectives. Buchen and his associates have picked U student wants to escape traditional offers a starting place for people with ~ up the orphaned program and have classroom education in favor of a common interests to unite. It offers an continued to offer their unique uni­ more intuitive devefopment based on innovative alternative to a lecture/­ Steve George is a Junior in Chemical versity philosophy. discussion and debate. This a short­ recitation program. Because the Free Engineering, a staff writer for the The Free U consists of a group of coming of the Free U. Since the U has small classes and encourages Review, and a Free University alum, volunteers dedicated to an unstruc­ classes do not have any defined interaction, it can be a viable place to Class of '87. tured education without a defined curriculum or screened faculty. This raises a serious question about the objectivity of the material. There are . no judgments made about the quali­ fications of the teachers (who are called "Resource People"). Buchen admits that bias may be introduced in Can the Foundations of Llberb' Crack? the classes, but defends this weakness by pointing out that a screening pro-. cess also introduces bias since it subjects the curriculum and profes­ sors to the standards of the Univer­ sity. The Free U has a "hands off' Please SUPPort the Mlchl.an Review. approach to teaching which is con­ sistent with its anti-hierarchical vision for education. The classes themselves, as one might imagine, are not designed to attract the average student. With After All. Uberb' Entails ReSPonsibilItY. courses such as "Beyond Monogamy" and "Feminist Newspaper", it is evi­ dent that the Free U targets a more progressive crowd, including students as well as Ann Arbor residents. Con­ tact Person Buchen describes a few course offerings: Please MakeltCQntributions Payable to: The Michigan, ~eview, Suite One, 911 North University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109. .,.. ._ .' ~ ", __"", . ~ ...... \I. ~~ ~"'J ,. .... , .to.""''''' ' '>.

page 6 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW March-April, 1987 •••..••••.•.••••••••....•...... •••...... •...... ••...•...... •...... •..••...... ••...... •...... iteuiew 1J1orum V oter Apathy by Marc Selinger "The House of Representatives shall regions as the farm belt and the conomie stratas. Similarly, Demo­ filling out forms or meeting deadlines. be composed of members chosen oil-rich Southwest become disen­ crats have become more mainstream, According to Raymond Wolfinger every second year by the people of the chanted when each candidate only recognizing the excessi veness of some and Steven J. Rosenstone, co-authors several States. . . " discusses the incompetency of the social programs and the need to avoid of Who Votes?, " . .. schools provide -Unite.d States Constitution other candidate rather than proposing appearing weak on defense. To many experience with a variety of bureau­ Every American citizen 18 or older solutions to major problems. Americans, the political spectrum has cratic problems . . . Successive ex­ can register to vote. Whether male or While certain areas are· not voting narrowed so much that the two parties posure to elections. . . imparts skills female, black or white, rich or poor, because of a disillusionment with the do not profess very different policies. that many young people lack when educated or uneducated, each indi­ political process, the public as a whole- . Without much choice available, they reach the age of voter eligibility." vidual is guaranteed the right to select seems apathetic because the nation is potential voters have nothing moti­ Indeed, the registration and voting those government officials who best relatively secure. The economy is still vating them to visit the polls. process requires a learned ability to represent his or her point of view. experiencing an expansion characte­ Compare this to Western Europe, deal with bureaucratic barriers. Ab­ This democratic process, in theory, rized by low inflation and moderate . where voter turnout averages in the sentee ballots are not readily avail­ grants everyone an equal share of unemployment; most people do not eightieth percentile. Countries such as able, and people called out of town on influence in affecting the political feel affected by the enormous budget Italy ind the United Kingdom have short notice do not have time to attain much higher unemployment -and system. and trade deficits. In addition, no them. For those who move, some As luring as the process seems, current political issue is controversial inflation rates than the U.S. Mean­ states require sGveral months of res­ voter apathy becomes more '\'ides­ enough to reverse the trend of de­ while, Germany's environmental idency before eligibility to vote is prad with each election. The failure of clining electoral participation. For concerns arouse much more dispute granted. With each of the fifty states political candidates to address issues example, it is not likely that the than in America. The dominant par­ having its own registration laws, of major concern, the decline of the Iran-Contra Affair will send more ties in each country often pro!-,use frustration can develop · and deter · party system; and the difficulties in­ people to the polls in 1988 than in diametrically opposed solutions to people from voting. According to volved in registration and voting 1984. After all, the turnout in the 1976 problems. When voters go the polls in Arthur T. Hadley. author of The discourage many people from voting. elections, two years after Richard France, a much bigger difference EmpTY Polling Booth, almost one-fifth exists between a Socialist and Gaullist of the nonvoters are deterred from ,,: \: .Those who remain un4eteved ~OQ,­ Nixon resigned over Watergate, was sider voting to be a tivil duty and - lower than in197:f No serious -eco­ than · between two American candi­ voting by such frustrations with the have. an .above-average ability to deal nomic or political crises exist which dates (Comparative Politics 86/87). bureaucracy. with the bureaucracy. As the better could attract more than a temporary Apparently, Europeans are less apa­ sec page 7 educated members of society, they are notice from the overall voting popu­ thetic about politics because .their gaining more governmental influence lation. choices can produce much greater while the less educated people with­ Another factor in the American changes than in America. Marc Selinger is a Freshman in LSA draw from the political scene. . voters' apathy may be the decline of The average American adult rna) and the Personnel Manager of the Clearly, this inequality in repre­ the American party system. The also avoid elections because of the Review. sentation violates the democratic Democratic Party used to be the voice complexity involved in registration ideals of the Constitution. Then, does of the poor and the laborers, while the and voting. While the typical Uni­ the voting process need to be re­ Republican Party represented the versity of Michigan student might formed? In order to answer this wealthy. Political evolution, including laugh at this, the people who receive a question, a look at the exact nature of the Reagan Revolution, altered this much lower level of education (e.g. voter apathy is essential. status quo. Republicans now come sixth-grade drop-outs) lack the ability The decline in voter participation from each of the the various socio-e- to perform such relevant tasks as through the past few decades has been quite dramatic. While over 63% of the voting age population cast ballots in ' ---ST~P OUT ()I: TIlE ~AR - ---J­ / J_ - \... Pl~E. . SEAAlOR SmroRD . 1960, the turnout in the last Presi­ ~: . ~ ­ dential election was ten percentage ~----~ ~ points lqwer. Voter interest is even less for midterm elections, Last year's election produced a turnout of 37%, almost four percentage points lower than in 1982 (U.S. Bureau of the Census). Indeed, the American public is losing interest in elections. One of the reasons for this drop in voter participation is the mudslinging that now dominates many political .. J-i campaigns. For instance, when a 07 ... series of negative commercial adver­ ...:7 /' tisements by gubernatorial candidates in Texas and Senatorial candidates in California and Missouri preceded the 1986 elections, an unusually steep decline in voter turnout from the previous midterm election resulted (New York Times, Nov. 8, 1986). People who live in such troubled ~"~~<9rOG... VM>-w.~'/.!\1~!I",~t· "'·"':'..!u.:.:1>-V""11l:~":"' ." ' · " ''''''':';:'' ' ~ _~"""

March-April, 1987 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW page 7 ...... Apathy

continued from page 6

European nations, on the other hand, utilize permanent registration. When citizens of the United Kingdom Ifpeople are to remain attracted to the political process, reach the legal age, they are automa­ candidates and party leaders should dedicate themselves Permanent registration, on the tically registered. If they move to toward promoting issues over mudslinllinll. other hand, does not appear to violate another district, they are compelled by any civil liberties or democratic law to reregister. Richard Brody, a ideals. Rather, it makes life easier for professor of political science at Stan- citizen and government alike. Even . ford University, believes that such Surely, not every 'educated' person electing government leaders, they reducing the residency requirement to countries "have overcome one of the is voting, but a high percentage do. were sent off to war without their 30 days in every state would increase key obstacles to electoral participa- The U.S. Bureau of the Census reports indirect consent. That was not repre­ the pool of potential voters. Other tion." In Australia, which has that in 1980, voter turnout of junior selltative government at its best. measures which could simplify the permanent registration and fines high school graduates was approxi- The logical conclusion might be election process include a greater imposed on those who fail to vote, the mately 40%, less than 60% for high that the United States Government distribution of absentee ballots and a turnout rate is 90%. The Netherlands, school graduates, but almost 80% for should impose mandatory voting, as two day election period rather than when it repealed a similar mandatory college graduates. According to Gra- Richard Brody suggests, so that ev­ one day to give more people time to voting law, witnessed a sharp drop in ham Allison, Dean of the Kennedy eryone is represented equally. A vote, vote . . voting. According to Brody, "the School of Government at Harvard however, only has true value when Some of the major causes of voter message from that is, if you compel University, "the government derives people, without being coerced, choose apathy, however, require more than people to register and vote, they will; its just powers from the consent ofthe to do so. As Roger-Noel Babar, who just the passage of law~ in order to be if you do not, fewer will" (USA Today, governed; if half the people don't heads an anarchist group opposed to eradicated. Clearly, Aunerica's chil­ April 1986). vote, where does authority come from the mandatory voting law in Belgium, dren need to remain in' school longer Thus, many eligible voters are dis- to make choices about foreign and argues, "if you're obliged to speak it's to learn the value of civic responsi- ... couraged by the mudslinging, the lack domestic policy, about sending ma- of crucial issues, the decline of the rines to Lebanon or restructuring party system, and the complexity of taxes" (Christian Science Monitor, The faiiure of political candidates to address issues of the registration and voting system. Oct. 12 1984)? Appareritly, the au- m.ajor concern, the decline of the party system, and the ...y.,,', ,; But according to W.o~fi nger? professor th()rity coin~s mostly from the better difficulties involved in ' registration and voting dis­ "",·",'i'" ' of political science at Berkeley, and educated segments of socie'ty. co.urage many people.from voting. Rosenstone, a professor of political It might not seem so terrible that science at the University of Michigan, the 'educated' people have a growing the less educated members of society influence in determining govern men- not democratic." The voting require- bility and how to cope with the are not voting while those who are tal policy. But this means that the less ment also creates resentment toward,> bureaucratic factors of registration well-schooled continue to do so. educated are not being consulted over the government. According to Loel and voting. If people are to remain "Education," they believe, "increases decisions which directly concern Mayer, elections expert at Brussels attracted to the political process, one's capacity for understanding them. For instance, when the need for Free University's Institute of Sociol- candidates and party leaders should complex and intangible subjects such a draft occurred during the Vietnam ogy, "political apathy is considerable dedkate themselves toward promot- as poltics, as well as encouraging the War, the people conscripted were not in Belgium and I think the obligatory ing issues over mudslinging. Only if ethic of civil responsibility" (Who attending or bound for college. Due to vote is partly responsible for that" these actions are fulfilled will the Votes?). the fact that the uneducated were not (Wall Street Journal, June 18, 1984). dangers of voter apathy be resolved. ~ ~ ...... • Itn tUemoriam :* • * • iaral1 tlollllarll 'ower. :* :• * • On Tuesday March 24, 1987 UM Regent Sarah Goddard * • Power ended her life in a fall from the Bell Tower. Her * • ceaseless devotion to the students at Michigan and hu- ! • manitdrian causes throughout the world will be sorely * : missed by all. * • * • * • * • * • * • * ...... ••....• ~ ...... ~ * '~"'"--''''''''''''~~I>- '_"'''''''''''''''#'~' "';;':'i!o 1;01; k .. • __k"",,,<>,,,~,,,,,,",,,-"""~"""""""""""_·~·" .~-~~~-.~,--- ... - ...... ,--~-~

page 8 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW March-April, 1987 , •••...•..•..••....•.••..•...••...... •.•..•.•.....•....••..••...... •...••..•...... ••.....•...... •...•...... •...... •...... •••..•...... ~rom iuite ®ne PIRGIM Uncovered

The Public Interest Research Group in Michigan, coming off its (enough to set up a trust fund and run a student newspaper forever). expensive victory in the MSA elections, is now pushing its refundable PIRGIM also receives tens of thousands of dollars through grants and fee scam to the Regents. PIRGIM outspent its opposition 50-1 in the AT&T Divestiture Fund. PIRGIM is not dying: it is not even recording its 70% victory. PIRGIM supporters increased the ctTective unhealthy. (Source: PIRGIM budgets.) spending margin by removing most opposition posters from campus. PIRGIM does not want a "positive" check-otT like it once had h('r\'. PIRGIM has recently developed a reputation for anti-democratic It is true that PIRGIM does not deserve a positive check-otT or 0111' behavior-note their blockade of the door at an MSA meeting to special funding privileges. But suppose they had ~ positive check-ofT prevent opposing MSA members from voting. (the system that the PIRGIM posters proclaimed \vOltld "kill" The issue of the unfairness and unconstitutionality of PIRG fees has PIRGIM)? What does PIRGIM say about such a system? "The positive been covered often in the past. Other issues involving PIRGIM's checkoff certainly cannot support any growth (our emphasis) in refundable fee proposal and its campaign have not been covered. PIRGIM activities." It will only raise from $20,000-$31.600 per year, PIRGIM's campaign strategy was to swamp the campus with posters which is not enough (in addition to the $60,000+ from canvassing) for pleading "Save PIRGIM". PIRGIM claimed that they would leave PIRGIM to live on. (Source: PIRGIM's memo "Budget Scenarios campus if they lost the election, due to financial duress. And they did Based on Level of Funding"). not want just any old funding privileges-they had to have a probably PIRGI.M does not need U-M money to survive. PJRGIM is greedy unconstitutional refundable fee scam, where students would be charged and sees an opportunity to pull the wool over the U Iliversitfs eyes. It a PIRGIM fee unless they checked "no" at CRISP- then they get a is clear that PIRGIM could use more money. So could all of us. But r:efund. If not, "PIRGIM will die." they are not dying, they are financially healthy, they collect plenty of So the threat ofPIRGIM "dying" was a key element in their victory. money. they have enthusiastic canvassers around the state, they are But how valid was the threat? Looking at documents submitted by doing all right. PIRGIM to MSA, we learn some interesting things. Ifstudents believe that PIRGIM is representing them they will gladly In each of the last two years PIRGIM has had projected expenditures give PIRGIM money. PIRGIM should concentrate on representing .~~~9.f~7Q~~.Tney \Y,~AA~ ~MA.SUll>lijses,~9~1'~&4;>y~~$,~0~OOO. students rather. than promoting ill-conceived, unfair funding scams . Not bad for a "poor'" group that is near death and miedsto be "saved" This is especially true given that PIRGIM has clearly misrepresented its with a massive transfusion of U-M student money. (Source: PIRGIM financial situation. It is inconceivable why the University should estimated budgets, 9jl/85-8!31/~6 and 9/1/86-6/30/87). consider special privileges for a group whose tactics are misleading and How does PIRGIM raise money? Their expected income from anti-democratic. canvassing over the next two years is $142,400. That is plenty of money Z! The Jackson-Shapiro Accord

The Reverend Jesse Jackson should be praised for bringing a swift The question oflegitimacy also arises in the demands, by UCAR and and peaceful end. to two weeks of racial strife on campus. We at the BAM III, that preceded the Accord. One of the demands, to which the Review were .encouraged by his uncharacteristic restraint in ap­ University acceded, included provisions for the creation of the office of proaching the problem. Furthermore, we are glad to see the University Vice-Provost for Minority Affairs. This is in addition to the position of reaffirm its commitment to minority recruitment and retention, and to Vice-President for MinOlity Affairs, created several years ago by combatting racism. It can only be hoped that the seeds sewn by the Shapiro. This means that there are now two offices which are "Jackson-Shapiro Accord" will bear the fruits of wisdom and equality. specifically designed not to address the concerns of all students. The We are concerned, however, that these hopeful seedlings will be creation of dual sets of offices, one for all students and one exclusively killed by an early frost-a frost that is foreshadowed by the Accord for minority students, is a drive towards separatism and likewise a itself, and the demands that preceded it. The question here is one of dangerous precedent. There can be no legitimacy outside the interests legitimacy. First, under what authority did Mr. Jackson negotiate with of all people. the Shapiro Administration on behalf of minority students? Jackson, UCAR and BAM apparently felt that the Shapiro Administration who has never held public office, does not legitimately represent was not adequately addressing their concerns when they issued their anyone, let alone all minority groups, or even all blacks. Many people demands. In other words, these students were calling into question the might like Jackson enough to vote for him ifhe were running for office, Administration's legitimacy. Unfortunately, since the Administration but that is not the test of legitimacy. Jackson was not a legitimate .. ihlet, with Jackson and gave in to certain demands, thus spurning counterpart in negotiations with the University, and the University was appropriate notions of representation and endorsing separatism, it has not obligated to accept him as such. But for the success of the called called its own legitimacy into question. negotiations in ending tensions, the willingness of the few to grant someone the power of arbitration for the many is a very dangerous precedent. II. ~,l,! !!"'~~"'~"''''''''\''''\'V '0' '4'\ ..~ w" " " ,,.· ,~~<,:, ~ ,,,/ ,,,,,, ,-"" •. ,1-<.,"''4.',', ', ... · · . ~ .. " ..... ,"N

March-April, 1987 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW page \} ...... •.•.....•...... •...... •....•...... •....•...... •.•.••...... •...... •...... •...... •...... •...... •.... The USS Michigan: Champion·of the ~eas

by Mark P()w ~ il - For those unaccustomed to think- pabilities are. T here are 6 Ohio cl ass ing of Michigan . literall y or figurati­ boats currentl y opera ti o na l: Ohi(! . ve ly, as the st rong arm and nerves of M ichigan, Florida, Gcorgia. /lcllrr ,I f the nation's defense, an educati on was Jackson. and .. lIaha m {1 . .. lIaska was available on North Campus Thurs­ commissioned in 1986" \vit ll N('rada day, Feb. 19. Capt James S. Baums­ due this year and Tenness('e' in 1989. tark of the Gold Crew of the Trident with the new D-5s. submarine USS ;\4ichigan , and one of A Trident IS expected to be at hi s engineering officers, 198 3 U M and sea-its exact location unknown even Naval ROTC graduate Lt. Mike to our own authorities, li stening to Monroe, spoke to and took questions everything and transmitting nothing from a group of approximately 70 to maintain undetectability- 66% of students and faculty. its operational life, normally spending Capt. Baumstark and Lt. Monroe 70 days at sea and 25 in" port . Each gave an 80 minute presentation on the Trident has two sepatate c~ews Trident (or Ohio class, after the first (Michigan's a re designa ted (of Trident, commissioned in 1981) course!) G old and Blue), each ope­ submarine and on the Michigan jn rating the boat whi le the other is particular. T he M ichigan, SSBN 727, ashore. AJichiga n, with its Blue crew, commissioned in 1982, was the sec­ is currently somewhere in the North ond boat in the class-of which just 6 Pacitic, according to Capt. Baums­ are currently operational-and, like tark. all Tridents, is based at Bangor, How do M ichigan and her sister Washington. The two officers took ships stack up ag.1inst the Soviet turns explaining the ship's features SSBN varsity. the Tvphoon class? The and systems, and the nature and facets Soviet subs are much noisier than of her mission, with many slides of the ours, and must deploy into the ship and her Bangor port facilities as Atlantic through th e BIG well as charts illustrating the scale of a (Bri tain-Iceland-Greenland) gaps, Trident boat and comparing her to the which are well covered by the U.S. Soviet SSBNs (or boomers, in infor­ The Michigan not only won last year's trident-squadron SOSUS (Sound Surveillance System) mal parlance). awards for battle readiness, engineering, and anti-sub­ and U .S.jN ATO ASW forces, as are Explained as well was the fact that marine warfare (ASW), but also boqsts the highest their main Pacific routes. Despite Michigan, besides being the namesake personnel retention rate of any ship in the U.S. Navy. being bigger than the Trident-the of the great ship, is the home of the same length but half again as wide­ low-frequency (ELF) radio equipment the 7)phoons deploy 20 SLBMs, 4 by which the Navy and our National fewer than Trident. Command Authorities (NCA) com­

municate with our submarines. see page I ~ During the presentation, the two officers frequently exchanged lively The Trident submarine is the na­ Error Probable, the radius inside banter, which almost seemed to belie tion's (and argu~bly the world's) most which the warhead has a 50% chance their professional roles and illustrated potent weapon system. A Trident, of impacting) of 250 meters. Mark Powell is a Junior in Russian the closeness and camraderie which which displaces 19,000 tons, is 560 The D-5 makes significant im­ and East European Studies and an have traditionally been typical of feet long and 42 feet wide with a crew provements over all the specs: a range Associate Publisher of the Review. submariners. The Michigan'not only of 14 officers and 140 enlisted, carries of 7400 km, allowing the Trident to won last year's Trident-squadron 24 130,000 lb. Trident C-4 missiles strike from positions much farther awards for battle-readiness, engineer­ (SLBMs). Beginning in 1989, the new from Soviet shores; 14 (!) MIRVs of ing, and anti-submarine warfare Trident D-5 will supplant the C-4s on 150 Kilotons apiece and a CEP of 200 (ASW), but also boasts the highest the existing Ohio class boats and will meters. What makes these weapons personnel retention rate of any ship in be installed on the Tennessee, due to more worrisome to the enemy is the the U.S. Navy. be commissioned that year. The Navy relative invulnerability of their Following the question-and-answer will not acknowledge specifics on the platform-the Ohio class boat, which period, which elicited queries on a missiles (nor on an Ohio class boat's to the best of anyone's public knowl­ wide range of submarine and geomi­ performance beyond certain modest edge at present is still virtually unde­ litary subjects, an informal reception limits nor, indeed, whether or not a tectable while on patrol. was held at which the students and ship is carrying nuclear weapons at The wiSdom of the Navy's policy of faculty could meet Capt. Baumstark all), but according to the weapons silence on th~ specifics and the pres­ and Lt Monroe. Lt. Bob Coburn of literature the C-4 has a range of 4600 ence of nnclear weapons is readily Ann Arbor-Detroit Naval Recruiting km, carries 10 warheads (MIRVs: apparent: while most people trust was on hand to speak with those for Multiple Independently-targeted Re­ sources such as Jane's Fighting Ships, whom the presentation had sparked entry Vehicles) of 100 Kiloton indi­ we-and the enemy-do not know for interest in a Naval career. vidual yield, with a CEP (Circular sure just how great the systems' ca- ._ .'""''''''''...... ,.->,~.-..'' I>!.."'~..-;f*tlI<\'iiOofI.l:t~.. '''~_'>I<-V~·~''''''· ' ,' ''·.~, ''''. .-_~ '

page 10 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW March-April, 1987 ..•...•.•...... •..•..•...... •...•...... •...... •....•••..•.•.....••..•...... ••....•...... •...••.•...... •...•...... At the Diddly by Joe Typho

We here at the Michigan Didd/y's It's been a great year here at the meat but instead, in the spirit of good to the rumor that we sell the submit­ editorial page are upset about the Diddly's editorial page. We've printed etiquette, sprayed wine coolers. Then ted disks to students at low prices for sickening outburst of racist incidents all sorts of provocative editorials, someone wrote an anonymous letter easy cash)(cash for cache?). on this campus. We have decided, as including our famous "January is stating that S(h)e threw away thou­ Our final controversy was with the an important campus media outlet, to Fascist" editorial. That one got some sands of copies of the Ann Arbor Puerile Interest Gals and Guys in take a strong stance on these issues. negative responses; some people Observer because the letters in "Ann Michigan (PIGGIM). Well, it wasn't a Therefore, you will never see any complained that it was pointless. That Arbor Observer" add up to 666 and controversy-not to us. We had re­ racist, sexist, or homophobic com­ would never stop us. We' ve got space thus the Observer is the Antichrist. peatedly supported PIGGIM's de­ ments in our paper. to fill. Bad arithmetic, weird politics-ins­ mands for money, a nicer office, Our official satirist has been told to But our highlight had to be the tant journalism- we ran it. money, a new name, money, peace on calm him(Her)self down, and She has Ramsey Clark episode. Former At­ Speaking of spraying things, the earth, and money. Then someone agreed to do so. We will never again torney General (and hip rad lover) antics of the infamous Beastiality suggested that we put our money display intolerance, so we now con­ Clark spoke on campus and some Boys rap group were interesting, sex­ where our mouth was. We have. fine our jokes and weird capitalization Iranian moderates (or so Ronnie sez) ist, disgusting, and completely inap­ We've closed down the Diddly and practices to the catholic Church, the and their supporters, upset with propriate for our arts page. It was plowed all our money into PIGGIM Pope, and goD. As our satirist notes, Clark's 1979 Teheran visit, threw raw terrible when "the Boys" posters. So the next time you see one we could phone Catholics and insult ground beef at Clark. Some of the (girls)(inclusive language-you never of those PIGGIM posters, with the them individually, but it's so much hamburger stuck to his glasses, caus­ know) inflated two 20-foot fingers to "missing children" mouthing bal­ easier to write an editorial. ing panic among his granola-eating produce a "V" sign in their song looned platitudes, remember the After all, there is no problem wiih supporters, who feared Clark would " Nixon Agonistes, Garry Wills Diddly. It's pur sole legacy. Bye. f! religious intolerance on this campus. inhale red meat fumes and mutate. Sucks". An onstage tribute to Richard t None at all. We know this is so We denounced the moderates' actions Nixon is just a little much. We wrote Joe Typho isa graduate student in the because we asked Bruce Crepetelli because the meat did not match the a gnarly editorial denouncing it, but School of Natural Resources and (not to be confused with the other wine served at the dinner. someone lost the computer disk. We Buddhist Studies and was recently Bruuuce: "Blind faith in Bruce Some of the moderates' supporters refuse to run anything unless it's kicked off the Marxist Stupid As­ Springsteen can get you killed.") wrote in stating that they didn't throw submitted on disk (no, there's no truth sembly for failure to use inclusive language .

'.;...... ,. !fSouins in mruirw Hoosiers

ORION PICTURES the direction of his father), Coach season strong and qualify for the and makes them winners. It's all very PllODUCERS: Carter De Haven Dale begins the season. The team regional championship game against corny. but a lot of fun as well . and Angelo Pizzo loses its first three games, causing the their archrivals. You will have to So, if you are into films with deep DIRECTOR: David Anspaugh frustrated fans to draft a petition gur-ss what happens next or at least see meanings, avoid this one. If you crave calling for Dale's dismissal. the movie. highlight films with Michael Jordan by Len Greenb.erger There are two interesting subplots Coach Dale arrives in Hickory as a slam dunks, forget it. But if you in Hoosiers. Coach Dale discovers new and suspicious character, and simply feel like enjoying yourself, If you like fun , corny and predict­ why the Barbara Hershey character leaves a hero. In between, he manages having a few laughs, and getting able movies, this one is for you. has been so unfriendly toward him. to set everyone and everything excited, do not miss Hoosiers. Hoosiers takes place in the early 1950s She does not want Dale to pressure straight (Sort of like Howard Cun­ n in the small town of Hickory, Indiana. one of her prize students to play ball. ningham mixed with Frank Furillo). The folks in Hickory are much like She would rather see the student He gets an alcoholic father, stunmngly Len Ureell! ....:rger is a Junior in Polit­ those in any small Indiana town­ obtain a scholastic scholarship and portrayed by Dennis Hopper, to dry ical Science and a stafT writer for the very suspicious of change and com­ enter the "real world", which must lie himself out and become his assistant Review. pletely devoted to basketball, "the someplace outside of Hickory. The coach and regains his own confidence. greatest game ever invented." Hershey character has not been able to He instills confidence in his players The movie opens with Norman leave Hickory. Predictably, Dale does Dale, played by Gene Hackman, not pressure him to join the team. arriving in town as the new basketball At the same time, the teacher coach. Coach Dale is greeted coldly by (Hershey) discovers why Dale had not a teacher at the school, Barbara coached for twelve years. He punched Hershey, and his new team. DAle acts one of his college players in the jaw quickly during the first two minutes of during a game (no, this is not a Bobby his job, kicking the former coach and Knight bio), and was barred from two of the seven players off the team. coaching at the college level for the Needless to say, this act does not sit rest of his life . .well with the good people of Hickory. But back to basketball games. As if With only six players (one of the you coulO not guess, the Hickory earlier dismissals rejoins the team at Huskers begin to win. They finish the ~~~~~~:t"'!":;?)<.¥« ., 1""<~/.~ 1,'''''''''"" ,, "'0.' ''''·'1':' ~" ~,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,~~ ,, , ,,,, ,,,,,,y,, .... ,,- . ,,~ , .~\ .. ,

March-April, 1987 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW page II

..•...... •..•...•....•...... ~ ...... •.....••...... •...... •...... Baseball Predictions, 1987 by Charles D. Lipsig

NOTE: These predictions were made kad a young starting staff and Mark Clear questIOns can be answered affirmatively. fhe California Angels won last season the day before the season started. Fur­ and Dan Plesac head up the relief corp. In any case, Frank White only gets better with a large number of older players and it thermore, any influence by the editorial Catcher B.J. Surhoff will make a run at at second. Danny Tartabull should pro­ should lake at least a yt'ar for the Angels to board and staff upon the predictor was rookie of the year. vide years of good service in right field and regroup around the rookies. The pitching center fielder Willie Wilson is a solid slafT is still strong. Kirk McCaskill and ignored as much as possible. Picking the Detroit Tigers sixth is a leadoff batter. Wilson and Bo Jackson Mike Witt will continue to be excellent in dangerous prediction around here, but I'll could be the faslest pair of outfielders in starting roles and Donnie Moore will be a stick to it. Jack Morris has been pouting all the majors. solid closer. But rookies such as second AMERICAN LEAGUE lAST winter, when he has not been ranting, and baseman Mark McLemore. catcher Dar­ If the win their di­ Dan Petry still has to prove that he is back Cleveland Indians rell Miller and outfielders Devon White vision, they will be the seventh team to do from his elbow surgery. Alan Trammell and Mark Ryal will need some time to so in seven years. And they have a good and Lou Whitaker provide the Tigers with adjust to the majors .. Centerfielder Gary chance to win it. The Indians have the best a top double play combo, but with the Pettis, DH Brian Downing and first ba­ hitting in the majors, with a solid batter at exception of often-injured Kirk Gibson, seman Wally Joyner will prevent the every position. Last year's RBI champ Joe there are no consistent bats in the outfield. offense from stagnating in the meantime. Carter, Cory Snyder, and first baseman The combination of Matt Nokes, Dwight Watch the Angels in 1988. Pat Tabler carry the best bats. Rick Lowry, Mike Heath and Orlando Mercado The Seattle Mariners will not lack Dempsey is the type of catcher who can maybe able to replace Lance Parrish, but hitting this season. Catcher Scott Bradley bolster the confidence of young pitchers they cannot all play catcher at once. wields a good bat and backup Dave Valle and help them improve. Tom Candiotti, Cal Ripken, Sr. takes over as manager of hit .340 and 5 home runs in 53 at bats last Ken Schrom and ageless Phil Niekro the Baltimore Orioles, but he has basically year. First baseman Alvin Davis, third shpuld be able to win with the offense they the same material that the Oriioles had baseman Jim Presley an~ left fielder Phil have behind them. Ernie Camacho Ed last year. Catcher Terry Kennedy may Bradley all hit power for average. Heavily Vande Berg snd Steve Carlton will lead the swing a better bat than his predecessor but underrated Ken Phelps hit 24 home runs bullpen. cannot provide the leadership that Rick in only 344 at bats in 1986; he may play The New York Yankees have three Dempsey did. Cal Ripken, Jr. is an all-star more this season. Mickey Brantley and probable hall of famers in Don Mattingly, shortstop but one can only hope that age John Moses will compete for the center Rickey Henderson and Dave Winfield, and injury have not caught up with Ray field spot. One possible outfield alignment one of baseball's best relievers in Dave Knight at third and Rick Burleson at could be Bradley, Brantley and Righetti and an abundance of choice in the second. Eddie Murray seems to have Bradley-it will torture the sportscasters. starting rotation, which is led by Dennis gotten over last seaso'n's pout with the Unfortunately, the pitching staff is dismal Rasmussen, Joe Niekro and Rick Rhoden. management. Don Aase provides excel­ with the likes of Scott Bankhead, Mark Their constant problem is that they have lent relief but the best E.R.A. last year Huismann, Pete Ladd, Mike Morgan, Bill trouble playing as a team, caused, for the among the starters was Mike Flanagan's Swift and Mike Trujillo being the best, most part, by the interference of owner 4.24. such as they are. George Steinbrenner. If Steinbrenner can The Oakland A's will have Reggie Finally we come to the Chicago Wlriu avoid causing dissension on his team, the Jackson and Ron Cey this year. Unfortu­ Sox. Greg Walker at first base and Harold Yankees will win the A.L. East. Unfortu­ AMERICAN LEAGUE WEST nately, it is 1987, not 1977. Still, the A's Baines in right are the Sox' best hitters, but nately, this possibility seems unlikely. The Texas Rangers made a run at first could threaten. Starters Joaquin Andujar both are coming offinjuries. Ozzie Guillen The Toronto Blue Jays have the best with a team comprised mainly of rookies. and Moose Haas ans reliever Jay Howell has a good glove at short, but will have to home run hitting outfield in the majors With last year's experience under their will be key factors in the pitching staff if hit better than .250 if the White Sox are to with George Bell, lloyd Moseby and last belt, the Rangers should do better. Pete they can avoid injuries. In the outfield, survive. DH-catcher Ron Hassey batted year's home run champ Jesse Barfield. Incaviglia, Oddibe McDowell and Ruben Jose Canseco and Mike Davis can be Tony Fernandez is one of the best offen­ Sierra comprise a very skilled and young relied on for home runs. Carney Lansford see page 14 sive shortstops in the majors. However, outfield; McDowell is the oldest at 24. Pete and Alfredo Griffin are fine infielders on the starting pitching will have to recover O'Brien at first and Scott Fletcher at short the left side, but first and second are up for Charles D. Lipsig is a Senior in from last year's horrendous season where are two of the most underrated infielders grabs. Rookie catcher Terry Steinbach had Statistics and is the outgoing Person­ Dave Steib managed only a 7-12 record. If in the majors. Charlie Hough heads an 132 RBIs in AA ball, then hit 2 homers in nel Manager of the Review. the starters can pitch well, relievers Tom otherwise very young corp of pitchers. 15 at bats during his September stint at Henke and Mark 'Eichorn can finish off Bobby Witt struck out more than one an Oakland. many wins for the Jays. inning last years; the problem is that he The Boston Red Sox feel as if they have walked about as many. If he gets any something to prove this season. Unfortu­ control, he could become an all-time great. nately, they probably will not be able to. The Minnesota Twins have added re­ Roger Clemens' efficiency is questionable, liever Jeff Reardon to their bullpen and considering his lengthy spring training that may make ,all the difference. Part of sulk, and Oil Can Boyd seems unable to go the problem for the starters, including Bert through a season without some sort of Blyleven and Frank Viola, was that there AND Wl4llt. Wt:RE AT IT,.. personal problem interfering with his ef­ was not much of a bullpen to go to if they LU', ro ~1mUNG AWJr fectiveness. Jim Rice, Bill Buckner and got in trouble. Power hitting should be THI, WALLPAPER. Dwight Evans are still effective, but age little problem as outfielders Kirby Puckett appears to be catching up with them. Marc . and Tom Brunansky, first baseman Kent " my father is not a nepotist" Sullivan will Hrbek and third base man Gary Gaetti SRUR\f{ attempt to replace Rich Gedman behind each hit at least 20 homers for the Twins u.s. the plate-at least until May I. At least last season, impressive numbers even if EMPJSSY Wade Boggs can be relied on to hit they do play in the Homer Dome. IIifjJJH consistently. The KallSllS City Royals are a team of The Milwaukee Brewers are the team of questions. Can George Brett hit over .300 1988, young and still honing their skills. after hitting only .290 last year? Can Steve Robin Yount (would you believe he is Balboni recover from his back injury? Can only 31!) provides a good bat and Rob Bo Jackson or Kevin Seitzer play well in Deer gives good power in the outfield. left field? Can Bret Saberhagen recover Greg Brock, who appears to have won from his record of 7-12? Can Dan Qui­ Milwaukee's first base derby, should giv~ senberry or someone else take control of the Brewers a second consistent power the bullpen? The Royals' place in the \n~=~ hitter. Teddy Higuera and Juan Nieves standings de~nds on how many of these " .... ~ ~ •.."'''''' ...... ~ ...- ..~ ...... ~,.... , .,."... ,~ .i> .~ ~,., . -4,~.u.~d>''.'>',~.. .. . 'I"":~);o.;,,,,,,,,,,,:...... ~...... ,, ••~. ~

page 12 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW March-April, 1987

...... ~ •.•.•....•. ...•.••••..••••...... •...... •....•...•.•...... •..•....•... The Flaws of Protectionism: The Textile Industry by Paul Seltman

A highly protective policy for the bill to aid what he considers to be an Yet, a free trade supporter insists that sumer. AuCoin referred to the Jenkins textile industry cannot accomplish the ailing textile industry. if a company cannot keep up with the bill as "a discreet way of imposing a objectives of its supporters and can Protectionists believe that the competition in the world market and tax on the American consumer," prove to be more destructive than United States textile manufacturing job losses are incurred, resources are namely a rise in price of clothing. The constructive for both the American businesses are faltering. Representa­ then liberated for more productive Retail Industry Trade Action Coali­ and international economies. For the tive Jenkins claims that the industry activities. The labor and capital of a tion also prtdicted that consumers past three years, there has been a has been devastated by Asian textile faltering firm can always be put to would have to pay seventy thousand heated debate over whether textile imports and that 300,000 jobs have more efficient use somewhere else in dollars for each thirteen thousand firms in the United States should be been lost. According to Representa­ the economy. As a matter of fact, a dollar job saved by the bill. These protected from their foreign compet­ tive Joe Kolter (D-PA), the 1985 1979 study in Canada showed that figures correspond to the price in­ itors. On August 6, 1986, the House of imports "captured fifty percent of the close to seventy-five percent of dis­ creases and tariffs necessary to keep Representatives upheld President domestic market," and the growth placed workers find alternative em­ textile firms "competitive" in the Reagan's veto of !pe Textile and rate of textile imports has averaged ployment. world market. Apparel Trade' Enforcement Act, nineteen percent since 1980. Howev­ Nonetheless , the protectionist Protectionists become indignant which, if passed, would have placed er, Congressman Les AuCoin camp claims that tariffs and quotas over the consumer and free trade massive restrictions on American (D-Oregon) countered Kolter's claims protect jobs "efficiently," indicating a supporters' cofnplaints of higher imports of textiles and clothing. This with statistics which would seem to proper transfer of the extra-charged prices and point to a "lack of com­ was not, however, a complete victory eliminate any fear of the downfal1 of money from consumers' pockets di­ passion." A higher employment level for the free trade camp; the same American textiles. From January rectly to the aid of the textile com­ should be more important than the arguments between protectionists and through May 1986, textile exports panies. Despite this claim, the free few extra dollars that consumers will those in favor of free trade will rose thirteen percent, and apparel traders argue that only some benefit is have to pay ' with greater trade re­ continue, and so wil1 the concessions exports rose nineteen percent. In the transferred to the textile firms while strictions. Where is the American which each side must make along the first half of 1986, textile industry the rest is given to the foreign textile consumer's sense of patriotism and way. employment rose four percent; and in exporters. Since they are deprived of commitment to an industry which is The cry for protectionism in textiles the first quarter, profits doubled for the chance to compete for a larger drowning in imports?' Also, consum­ has centered around the Textile and both textiles and apparel. share of the market, they raise their ers should not forget that textile Apparel Trade Enforcement Act, In the past several years, there has prices to achieve the greatest protit workers are consumers, too, and need which was introduced by Represen­ been an overall decine in employment margin allowable under their restric­ money to buy their own necessities. If tative Edgar L. Jenkins (D-Georgia). in the textile industry. Protectionists tions. Jobs may be saved, but not these workers cannot support them­ This bill's intent was to decrease argue that further tariffs and quotas , without bearing a cost of some sort. selves because they have. lost their textile and apparel imports from a are needed to preserve jobs. After all, Another type of cost incurred by jobs, the growth of the economy slows dozen countries to below their 1983 factories are able to keep more people saving jobs through the protection of down-the unemployed must be paid levels. Jenkins and others ' felt that on the payrol1 when they sell more of the textile industry is the direct cost compensation, and they no longer quotas were not doing a sufficient job their product at an even higher price. itself which is passed on 10 the con- contribute as much to the gross na­ '- since they are easily avoided. For tional product. However, AuCoin still instance, Hong Kong manufacturers argues on behalf of free trade. When (quota: 14 million wool sweaters an­ peoples' jobs are "on the line," an nually to the United States) were industry must fight back with greater having their sweaters knit in China ~~ efficiency of production; and he feels (quota: 3.2 million wool sweaters that the textile incWstry has begun to annually to the United States) where do so. labor costs are seventy-five percent Still another issue which will never less. The sweaters were then shipped be resolved between the two camps back to Hong Kong for final assembly because of differing ideologies is the and were charged to Hong Kong's degree of productivity of the industry quota. So, China has been able to and. hence. to what ex'tent it deserves exceed its import quota to the United protection. Roger Milliken of Millik­ States while Hong Kong has remained en and Co., the third largest tirm in happy with their lower costs of pro­ the nation's textile industry, wants duction. import growth restricted at six percent For this reason, one measure of the a year. Milliken states, .. We are Jenkins proposal was designed to competing with industries that are close this loophole: for quota pur­ being subsidized by their govern­ poses, the country of origin is con­ ments in order to get hard cash." He is sidered to be where the material disturbed because he does not feel that undergoes a " substantial transforma­ tio"n" or "where the goods are cut to see page 1S shape." This was intended, in the case of the example, to shift the quota charge from Hong Kong to China. Paul Seltman is a Sophomore in LSA The other primary measure of the and an Executive Editor of the Re­ . " proposal was to tighten the procedures Bitten by the Presidential ... vh, bat . view. on the exporting and accounting of shipments. Jenkins introduced this ~~¥'!."".'\"""1h"\"V~A ,..'-V"'i,,,~,,,,,,.·,)\." ,"~'N,",,,-l\"')"".,,,,, a·.,·,, •. ,,,-:"~"I>,·~·<,,~·

March-April, 1987 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW page 13 ...... !Ousic in ~ruirlU B. B. King in Concert by Rick Dyer

All through March I waited for the when B.B. lifted his hand to his ear Group backed him up perfectly and dedicated fans had bought tickets to concert, occasionally examining the and leaned toward the crowd. laid down some incredible solos the first one. And for $16.50, they ticket I possessed. I would think back From the moment he took the stage, themselves. deserved to hear more. to a year and a half ago when I saw B.B. King had that mystical IT. the However, one flaw prevented this As the crowd filed out, savoring the B.B. King in concert in Stamford, special ability to take control of the concert from reaching its true leg­ experience, it was disappointing to Connecticut. That two and a half hour audience and make them really listen endary billing. At 9:45pm, one and a hear the one comment that seemed to long concert had been the most to the music and experience it. Only half hours after the B.B. King Group be on everybody's mind-Hit was amazing concert I had ever seen . . . B.B. King could control the moment took the stage and only eighty minutes awfully short." This time, the early would B.B. King be even better this long enough to spend four minutes of after B.B. King himself began per­ birds didn't get the worm. n time around? a song walking around the stage forming, the concerted ended and the On Friday April 10th I was there, holding up different numbers of fin­ lights came on-without a single en­ waiting for the concert to begin. the gers representing how many accents core. Rick Dyer is a Freshman in LSA and Michigan Theater was half full al­ the brass section should play. To be fair, there was another show a staff writer for the Review. ready, but I watched the crowd con­ As Neal Cassady says in Kerouac's at 10:30, but given that the second one tinue to pack in. Some wore suits, On the Road. "All of a sudden was added only a few weeks before the others wore T-shirts and jeans, but all somewhere in the middle of the concert, after the first show was sold looked around impatiently and whi­ chorus he gets it-everybody looks up out, we can assume that B.B.'s most spered as they watched the final stage and knows: they listen; he picks it up preparations taking place. and carries. Time stops. He's filling At 8: 15pm, the lights dimmed and empty space . . . with such infinite the B.B. King Group took the stage. feeling soul- exploratory for the tune The crowd went wild, and B.B.'s that everybody knows it's not the tune superb backup band began their len- that counts but IT." s.o.s.: Saving Our Schools . gthy jam. Meanwhile, B.B. King's When BE. King tells a story, eve­ guitar, Lucille, sat idly on center stage. ryone Ibtens-and everyone laughs. magine what The B.B. King Group's two songs When hl' c·:li,.i" "; I", trademark would happen were very good, with some excellent solos, everyone lcall~ lorward to hear Iif teachers solos. But looking around the packed what his fingers will produce next. made the follow· house it was obvious where evryone's Even during another band member's ing demands and refused to teach attention was-people looked toward solo, you still find your eyes moving until they were __ the wings, waiting for The Man to to B.B. to see what he's doing-and it met. ~~~~~M "t"H I.- 4!.~--;:;;; amve. is amazing how much response The We do not Finally, "Ladies and Gentlemeh Man can generate from a mere wiggle wish to teach . . . Mr. B.B. King!" The crowd rose of his hips . children who do That is the experience of a B.B. not wish to be to its feet and roared as The Man taught. The pres­ stepped on stage, grabbed Lucille, and JSing concert, and this one was no ence of disrup­ -~ tive or even indif­ began his magic with "Let the Good different. B.B. never made a mistake ~ Times Roll". The audience cheered and never lost the audience. To add to ferent students .=~~ throughout, repeating the chorus the joy, the members of the B.B. King penalizes those who are eager to learn. progress and ability Equal oay for un We expect no student to be promoted equal work is unjust and it encourages until he Is sufflcienHy prepared tor the mediocrity next grade. 'Social promotion" places Finally, we insist that teacher training the unprepared student at greater disad­ be rigorous and that certification and vantage each succeeding year ThiS subsequent promotion be based on practice IS, therefore, not only dishonest. competence. We deSire profeSSional sla but cruel. tus and the respect of the community ThiS We expect to be regularly evaluated can only be achieved by malf'talnmg the by our students, fellow teachers, and highest profeSSional standaras administrators. And we demand to be Teaching is no picniC And the list of paid and promoted on the basis of merit teacher grievances coulc be long and de­ as determined by those evaluations. In manding Without aver mentioning money the interests of improving our skills as But when was the last time you heard of teachers, we deserve to be informed of teachers striking on behalf of a return to our strengths and weaknesses. We then discipline quality and accountability In ShOUld be rewaraed on the basis of our education? .

,· HILLSDALE COLLEGE For a set of 36 oltheae short, Informottve o eS$Ova. send $10.00 to "Allernottve.". Hlllidole ____ College, HlUldole. Michigan 49242 IInnn

H1ll:SJALE COu_tGf !"I1L.t.SDAtf MlCf-j,!G':"N ,:H_""""}.... "_" ".'...... " V".",;.' .. l' .·"'«1< i~ . '.W "' , "'." " .

page 14 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW March-April, 1987 ••••••.••....•..•.....•••••...... •.•...••....•.•.••.•...•...... •.•...•...... •...... •..•.....••.....•...... •...... •...... Baseball

continued from page II

.:.;53 in I)U at bats after commg over from outfielders were acquired dunng the last . NATIONAL LEAGUE WEST The San Diego Padr~s are another team the Yankees. The rest of the starters are of days of spring training-John Cangelosi The San Francisco Giants were a good to watch for in 1988. The Padres will be questionable quality. Relievers Bobby and Andy Van Slyke. They, along with young team last season. The Giants' playing Benito Santiago at catcher. Stan Thigpen, Bob James and Ray Searage are Barry Bonds, Mike Diaz and RJ. Rey­ outfield is strong with Chili Davis, Candy Jefferson in center, Joey Cora at second solid. But s,alters Jose DeLeon, Royd nolds give the Bucs a solid choice of Maldonado and Eddie Milner as top and Randy Ready will see some action at Bannister and Neal Allen had troubles promising young outfielders. The infield is players. Will Clark and Robby Thompson third. The outfield includes Tony Gwynn allowing few enough runs that the relievers solid at second and third with Johnny Ray played solid first and second base respec­ and John Kruk, who both batted over made any difference. and Jim Morrison, respectively. First ba­ tively as rookies, and they will surely .300. Steve Garvey is always solid at first seman Sid Bream is steadily improving. improve. Third baseman Chris Brown base. Eric ShOW and Andy Hawkins lead The pitching, however, is weak. Rick batted .317 in 416 at bats. Catcher Bob the starters, but only had 10 wins each last NATIONAL LEAGUE EAST Reuschel leads the starters, hopefully with Brenly has good power but keep him away season. Rich Gossage and Lance McCul­ Never mind that Seth Klukoff is a help from Bob Kipper and Doug Drabek. from third base. Mike Krukow won 20 lers anchor the bullpen. raving Phillies Phanatic, this pick was Don Robinson provides steady relief. games last season and Mike La Coss had The Atlanta BrilV~s lost Bob Homer, so made independent of any outside inter­ The Chicago Cubs got Andre Dawson several effective streaks as a starter. Jell It seems at first glance that they would be ference. The acquisitions of outfielder for his bat. The problem is that their Robinson and Mark Davis provide good unlikely to improve in the standings. The Mike Easler and catcher Lance Parrish can starting pitching needs the help. No relief. Br a\' e~ are not much better than last year. only improve a lineup led by third base­ pitcher won in double figures last year. The Cincinnati Reds are on the verge of but there are some improvements. Andres man Mike Schmidt, second baseman Rick Sutcliffe will have to recover from a becoming anothet: Big Red Machine. A lot Thomas is expected to replace Rafael Mike Schmidt and first baseman Von 5-14 record. Dawson will be fine in the of people are talking about Eric Davis as Ramirez at short. Dale Murphy is moving Hayes. The starting pitching is somewhat outfield, but Bob Dernier will have to the newest baseball superstar and a sure­ to right field after what was, for him, an off weak, but Bruce Ruffin, Shane Rawley, improve on last year's .225 batting aver­ fire MVP candidate. But the Reds also season. Rookie Dion James will take over Kevin Gross and possibly Don Carman age. The infield is solid with Keith have Dave Parker, who had 31 homers last in center. Ozzie Virgil should improve should be adequate for the offense. Steve Moreland moving to third, Shawon year, and Kal Daniels, who batted .320. behind the plate aftet an off year. Starter Bedrosian is a top reliever and Tom Hume Dunston at short and Leon Durham at UM great Barry Larkin gets the nod at Rick Mahler can be counted on for 15 wins is a good set up man. Watch for rookie first. Jody Davis provides able duty at short and Ron Oester is always steady at and former Tiger Randy O'Neal will get reliever Michael Jackson to be a thriller catcher. second. John Franco, Rob Murphy and the chance he never received in Detroit. for years to come. The Montreal Expos invited almost Ron Robinson are top relievers. If st:"'rtt'rs The Braves will not win many, but .500 is The New York Mets managed to have every unemployed pitcher and catcher to Mario Soto and Tom Browning ren.1\ er a reasonable goal. more off the field problems than any other their spring training, and with good rea­ from off seasons. the Reds may ovt>rta«' How the mighty LoJ A."B~kJ DodS~rs team, although that seems normal for any son. Floyd Youmans is the only reliable the Giants. ha ve fallen. Last season, due in part to New York team that wins the World uninjured starter the Expos !.tave. The The Housto" Astros are another team injuries, Steve Sax was the only Dodger to Series. While they wait for Dwight presence of Tim Burke and Randy St. which has something to prove. but will not have more than 430 at bats. The biggest Gooden to return from drug rehabilita­ Claire allowed the Expos to trade Jeff be able to do so. The starters are deep with loss was Pedro Guerrero, who only had 61 tion, the Mets will have to hope that Ron Reardon. Infielder Vance Law may find Mike Scott, Bob Knepper. Jim Deshaies at bats. Mariano Duncan provided some Darling can be as effective as he usually is himself doing a fair amount of pitching and Nolan Ryan. Dave Smith and Charlie stability at short and outfielders Mike and that Bob Ojeda and Sid Fernandez are this season. The catching is not that bad. Kerfield are fine relievers. Outfielder Marshall and Franklin Stubbs hit for not one year wonders. Roger McDowell Mike Fitzgerald is an underrated ~atcher Kevin Bass hits for power and average. power but had low averages. Fernando will be out for a while with a hernia, so with excellent defensive skills and a little First baseman Glenn Davis hit 31 homers Valenzuela won 21, but the other starters Jesse Orosco will have to carry the bullpen power in his bat. The outfield will suffer last season and Bill Doran is perhaps the were less effective. Orel Hershiser, for load. Darryl Strawberry and Kevin until Tim Raines returns on May I, but best second baseman in baseball. For the example, 14-14. Tom Niedenfuer and Ken McReynolds lead the outfield, Keith Mitch Webster is a competent player. Astros to re)'Cat they will need to repeat Howell combined for 23 saves and will be Hernandez is a top first baseman and Gary Hubie Brooks was an all-star shortstop last what they did last year. That may be joined by Matt Young, acquired from Carter is an excellent catcher, despite season until he was injured. Still, the difficult. Seattle during the off-season. - recent injury problems. But it is hard to Expos need help. 1Y imagine a team which starts Wally Back­ man at second, Howard Johnson at third and Rafael Santana at short repeating as division winners. CURES FORAlDS The St. Louis Cardinals are baseball's answer to the roadrunner when they are on base. Unfortunately, the Cards got on base a lot less last year than when they won the pennant. Vince Coleman had 107 steals, but only batted .232 in 1986. Similarly, Willie McGee decreased his average to .256 and 19 steals. Both will obviously have to improve this season and are expected to do so. The Cardinals will also have to find some power. Andy Van Slyke led the team with only 13 home runs but has since been traded. Jack Clark had 9 homers in 232 at bats. Catcher Tony Pena will add some power. The victims of this lack of offense was the starting pitching. John Tudor, Danny Cox and Ken Forsch all had fine E.R.A.s, however, the most games any of them one was 14. Todd Worrell was excellent in relief with 36 saves. The Pittsburgh Pirates cannot blame their last place finish on a lack of effort. They have been shifting around a variety of young players in an attempt to find a combination that will work. Two key ~~""''''*''''''''''~~<)M/I;)\''~M'#''_''!.'-~_'''IY~~ __'''''''''''>.'

March-April, 1987 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW page 15

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China. Additionally, expensive auto­ mation would not have been a com­ From the·logic department: (quotes plete solution for the loss of China's from two black campus leaders) Textile cheap labor; and more machinery itrptut's Quote: "Blacks cannot be racist." continued from page 12 would have taken away too much continued from page Quote: "Tearing down the anti-apar­ the industry deserves its problems, for flexibility, which gives Hong Kong theid shanty is racist." over the past ten years productivity knitters their competitive edge (a In Hockey news: The Dead Wings Fa.ct: One of the people who tore has risen by four percent each year. greater. aesthetic value). Moreover, are once again the Red Wings. In this down the anti-apartheid shanty at Milliken believes that protection­ passage of the bill might have set a • case only, better red than dead. Best of Dartmouth is black. ism is warranted in the case of his detrimental precedent for providing luck to Jacques Demers and the Red Therefore: Blacks can be racist or industry. Congressman Kolter agrees strong import protection to individual Wings in the Stanley Cup playoffs (or - tearing down the shanty is not neees- with him, claiming that foreign na­ industries. Fortunately, the bill failed until they meet the Flyers). saril.1' racist. tions purchase less and less of our to pass. agricultural products as time goes on Overall, then, one should evaluate ... protectionism as a poor political and ** while continuing to flood our The Other Newspa oer has an­ economic '-choice and as a practice A Question for PIRGIM: What do domestic market with apparel. Still, nounced that they will Lse something which one would not want to prolif­ you and Oral Roberts have in com­ AuCoin points out that the twelve called "gender-inclusi ve-language" erate throughout the major industries. mon? You will both die if you don't textile-producing nations which the for ever and ever. They want to Its defenders base its raison d'etre on receive immediate financial support. Jenkins bill targets imported fifty change the way we thInk about ste­ greater levels of employment and Our PIRGIM friends liked that billion dollars in United States agri­ reotypical gender role5-. Gee, and we more of a cushion with which to poster so much that they hung one in cultural products in 1985. Not only is thought they were just supposed to develop productive efficiency. Pro­ their office. We wonder what they did this a large quantity of exported with all the other posters that they tore report the news. agricultural goods, but too great of a tectionism fails on both of these accounts. First, " protection alters the down. . ** protective shield, AuCoin warns, will Another question for PIRGIM: If cause restrictive import retaliation as distribution of employment all}ong industries, but it does not affect the you were so bad off financially, how Here's a Quicky quiz, courtesy of China restricted wheat imports a few were you able to afford your massive author Thomas Sowell: years ago. total level of employment." Second, protection tends to attract scarce re­ MSA election poster drive? Which of the following" U.S. Presi­ This brings us to the first of two Yet another question for PIRGIM: dents is blamed for not stopping main problems the free trade camp sources into areas where we do not have a comparative advantage in Why do all your poster children look apartheid? has with the Jenkins bill: the threat of like milk carton kids? I). Harry Truman trade war and its predicted effects. ptoduction. This has precisely been the case with the textile industry. One more: Where's the beef? 2). Dwight Eisenhower After the bill was first introduced in 3). John F. Kennedy March 1985, China fired a " warning However, two extreme choices have been considered, without a glance at a 4). Lyndon Johnson shot" two months later by ordering ** 5). Richard Nixon new middleground. Gary Clyde Huf­ The Review is psyched about next half the usual number of airplanes 6). Gerald Ford bauer has devised a plan for "trade year's UM baskeltball team. We drooi from Boeing and eighty-five percent 7). Ronald Reagan relief' which hands the power of over a potential starting lineup of less wheat. The Chinese were de­ And the answer is ... #7. Alt~)Ough control to the International Trade Gary Grant, Rumeal Robinson, Glen monstrating the. give-and-take which apartheid has existed since the Tru­ Commission. The commission's duty Rice, Terry Mills, and Mark Hughes. results from overt protectionism: man administration, only Ronald is to create tariffs in order to give Moreover, we drool over the bench of America can save garment workers' Reagan is held responsible for South some "breathing room" to trade­ Selin Higgins, Kirk· Taylor, Chris jobs, but only at the expense of idle Africa's problems. workers and machines in other areas flooded industries and to give mone­ Seter, Demetrius Calip, Loy Vaught, . of production. Foreign retaliation can tary support to weak plants so that Mike Griffin, J.P. Oosterbaan, Jack ... possibly produce higher costs in the they may shut down in a more orderly Kramer, and Steve Stoyko. In Fact, In BOY-ing news: Sugar Ray Leonard economy as a whole than the protec­ fashion. The idea is to start with a we have drooled so much that our defied all odds and stunned Marve­ tionism itself is worth. certain tariff level, reduce it periodi­ mouths are dry. Anyway, watch out lous Marvin Hagler in the WBC The other primary problem, ac­ cally, allowing additional foreign U.S., here come the Wolverines! Middleweight Championship. This cording to the free trade supporters, is frrms' products to compete for the was clearly the fight of the decade and that the bill cannot close the quota greater available market share created will be remembered for a long time. loopholes as intended. Under dicta­ by the exit of the weak companies. For all Hagler's pre-fight bragadocc'io, tion of the bill, a country without a The tariff would rise again to its he knew, as did Leonard, that Leonard quota can cut the fabric, then ship it to pre-assistance level within ten years. had his number. another country with a quota for its This' plan creates a "meaningful ad­ manufacturer, and then send it to the justment" for the international mar­ U.S. from there. Because of the ketplace where countries can work "substantial transformation'" rule, the together and make a common com­ , country without the quota and cutting mitment. For instance, the key to one Trident the material would be designated the scenario of the plan would be for continued from page I} country of origin. Also, manufacturers Japan to create an "exit program" for with a smaller share of their country's citrus farmers and for the United The Soviets' lead in MIRVing their quota for a product can have a team of States to create an "exit program" for Thus, our forces charged with de­ land-based missiles is reversed under their own cut fabric in another coun­ the automobile industry. stroying these boomers before they the oceans: their best SLBM, the try with no quota and then send it Hufbauer's plan indirectly gives the destroy our cities have their work back for assembly. In this fashion, ultimate commentary on why pro­ SS-N-20, carries just 6 warheads and more than cut out for them. They will these manufacturers could ship all tectionism can be a destructive is less accurate than the C-4/D-5, with have to charge in close to the Soviets' a CEP of 1000 meters. However, each that they wanted. force-it destroys cooperation and­ northern coasts at the very outset of a Upon close analysis, one has to take commitment among nations. Without warhead is more powerful, with a conflict. U.S. Qualitative superiority is a freer trade stance for the welfare of these two factors, the domestic and yield of 500 Kilotons; and the mis­ not so great that the numbers do not sile's range, 9000 km, is great enough the domestic and international eco­ international economies falter in count, and Soviet numerical super­ nomies. With the passage of {he growth and efficiency; countries are to enable the SS-N-20 to hit U.S. iority in, for instance, SSBNs, is 2.5 to targets Soviet home waters-a Jenkins bill, Hong Kong's knitwear inhibited from producing more of from 1. Hopefully, conflict will never come, highly disturfung fact, making some­ industry would have had to alter its what they produce efficiently and are but when and if it does our forces will what inconsequential our ability to production process dramatically. encouraged to produce more of what face an enormous challenge. Then bottle the ocean-deployment routes Hong Kong's firms would have been they produce inefficiently. This is ,,again, prevailing against enormous and obviously making ASW more forced to buy advanced, more auto­ what happens when trade is not al­ challenge is the history of the United difficult, closer to the loving touch of mated knitting machines and to re­ lowed to run its course and the law of States Navy. trieve most of their operations from comparative advantage is stifled. ~ the Soviet Air Force. it ,~""",.V""~"""';I./&'M~,~~" ~ ;,~{0"."",'N ",,,W""· ' < " " '~" ' · " ~ ", ,< "

page 16 THE MICHIGAN REVIEW March-April, 1987 ...... •...... mooks in iteuiew Conflic of Visions • to lose, However, if there is new t radeofTs. They realize that this is a b~ Jo~\.'ph McCollum process, one with the con' Ii 'Jined c' onslraincd world, perhaps because vision considers the costs of installing the y are fru strated by constraints­ As a young man. Thomas Sowell processes on their intents. Conversely, the new process and the losses from and call for "laissez f~1ire " in the wondered why certain newspaper ed­ one with the unconstrained vision the new constraints. The constrained marketplace. At the same lime. those itors and politicians always opposed grades individuals on their intents vision sees the harmful effects of an with the unconstrained vision are each other on the issues of the day. and processes on their (thoretical) increase in the minimum wage. The frustrated by processes rather than They were issues which seemingly had results. As Sowell observes; the doc­ constrained vision weighs the lives constraints. nothing to do with each other-mo­ trine of "equality of opportunity" lost in a revolution against the bene­ Although Sowell attempts to avoid netary policy, judicial policy, abor comes from the constrained vision. fits gained. One with the constrained it, another legitimate question is, tion- but the politicians and editors Similarly, the doctrine of "equality of vision thinks that processes are "which vision is better?" The answer, predictably lined up "left to right" on opportunity" comes from the uncon­ shaped best by evolution and experi­ of course,' depends on your perspec­ ~ every single issue. strained visi0n. ence; the process is as it is for some tive. One with the constrained vision Today, Dr. Thomas Sowell is a In Enquiry Concerning Political good reasons. Sowell calls this concept will say that his vision is better. and he renowned black scholar and a Senior Justice. William Godwin termed in­ "systematic rationality." As Lord will draw some fine empirical evi­ Fellow at the Hoover Institution at tentional benefit as "virtue," intent­ Peter Bauer said, "The market system dence from Sowell. The American Stanford University. Sowell explores ional harm as "vice," and unintent­ delivers the goods people want, but Revolution succeeded because it en­ the very question which troubled him ional harm as "negligence." He did those who make it work cannot trusted complete power to no one. as a youth in his new book entitled A not give consideration to unintentio­ readily explain why it is so. The The French Revolution succeeded Conflicl of Visions. He postulates that nal benefit, but it is this factor that socialist or communist system does because it entrusted complete power there are two "visions" which form formed the centerpiece of capitalism not deliver the goods, but those who to no one. The French Revolution the foundation of .all political in Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations. operate it can readily explain away its failed because it gave "power to the thought-the constrained and the The capitalist unwittingly helps others failure." This statement seems to people." In tum, one with the un­ unconstrained. In other books, Dr. when he sets out to make a profit for contradict the intent/result rule, but constrained vision will support his Sowell has clearly made himself a himself. the point is that the unconstrained vision with some fine articulated ra­ proponent of the constrained vision, Oliver Wendell Holmes, another vision relies on articulated rather than tionality about equality. but in this one, he has risen above adherent of the constrained vision, systematic rationality. On paper, Sowel1's book offers some interest· political considerations and endorsed said "If ... a man is born hasty and Central Planning would seem to ing insights on how people arrive at neither vision. This feat is remark­ awkward, . . . his slips are no less outdo laissez-faire, but empirically. the political philosophies that they do, able, since in most cases the vision troublesome to his neighbors than if capitalism outdoes communism. and it suggests to anyone involved in controls the person's selection and they sprang from guilty neglect . . . Sowell's book raises some interest­ shaping political phil o sophy interpretation of facts. However, the the courts which (his neighbors) es­ ing questions. One is "Why does a ("Conflicts of interest dominate the neutral view gives the book some tablish decline to take his personal person develop one vision rather than short run, but conflicts of visions additional credibility. equation into account." Still others another?" Perhaps the answer is psy­ dominate history") the appropriate Of the two visions, the uncon­ with the constrained vision see the chological. Those who ask, "why is battlegrounds to pursue. ~ strained is more optimistic. One with irrelevance of intent to results. No­ there poverty?" never saw what it was this vision wants to understand why netheless, the two visions grade indi­ like to build wealth from scratch. there is crime, war, or poverty. Under viduals and processes on different With poverty in the midst of plenty. Joseph M. McCollum is a graduate this vision, human nature is essent­ standards. the obvious "solution" is to redis­ student in Industrial and Operations ially noble; people pursue activities What if the processes do not re­ tribute wealth. Those who ask "why is Engineering and an outgoing Asso­ for their own sake. Exisiting institu­ spond? One with the constrained vi­ there wealth?" are ones who do seek to ciate Publisher of the Review. tions corrupt mankind; avaricious sion realizes that a tradeoff, and not a accumulate it. Their devotion to the world leaders and munitions manu­ ~olution, is possible. The system was market system convinces them that facturers start wars; people commit not unresponsive; one side happened there are not many solutions, merely crimes because of their (institutionally created) poverty; punishment for such crimes is ven­ geance. Meanwhile, in the constrained vi­

sion, which endorses monetary and ~. judicial restraint, individuals are un­ deniably competitive. One who uti­ lizes the constrained vision views a world of limited resources and un­ limited wants. This vision seeks to explain law and order, peace and wealth. Systems such as governments are necessary to stop individuals from killing or stealing any more than they would do otherwise. Individuals pur­ sue activities because of rewards and punishments, and since there are natural incentives to commit crime, artificial punishments must be created to stop crime. Sowell does not put it this way, but in a certain sens( someone with the constnllned vision grades individuals on their l \'~ \ il h ; \lId