Lee's Retreat
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Appomattox River Interpretive Guide
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2020 Arlington Profile
Department of Community Planning, Housing, and Development PROFILE 2020 2020 Profile 2020 Contents Message from the Director 1 Fast Facts The Profile, an annual statistical fact book of Arlington County, has been produced by the Department of 2 Land Use & Development Community Planning, Housing, and Development 3 Population (CPHD) since 1982. This report combines countywide data and provides a comprehensive outlook of 5 Housing the most current data on population, housing, 7 Households employment, development, transportation, and community services. The Profile data are used to 9 Employment obtain an understanding of our community; for 11 Development planning future services and needs; to guide policy decisions; and to secure grant funding. 13 Schools & Education 15 Multi-Modal Transportation COVID-19 has had an immense impact on our daily lives. Profile 2020 is exceptionally important and 17 Community Services & Resources considered as a benchmark year. Statistics found in 18 Health & Wellness Services this document can be used as a baseline to measure changes that may have occurred since early 2020. 19 Forecast 21 Glossary Profile 2020 continues to include statistics from across departments. New this year, Arlington Public Library statistics highlight the number of library programs, services, and constituents served. Did you know that 47% of Arlington households are active library patrons? Find out more about libraries on page 17. In addition to the Profile 2020 report, an interactive Planning Corridors visualization tool is available Arlington County Vision on the profile webpage (arlingtonva.us/profile) and supports the comparison of demographics across the Rosslyn-Ballston, Richmond Highway, and Columbia “Arlington will be a diverse Pike Corridors with the rest of the County. -
Chesterfield County and the Cities of Colonial Heights, Petersburg, And
W&M ScholarWorks Reports 12-2017 Chesterfield County and the Cities of Colonial Heights, Petersburg, and Richmond, Virginia - Shoreline Inventory Report: Summary Tables Marcia Berman Virginia Institute of Marine Science Karinna Nunez Virginia Institute of Marine Science Sharon Killeen Virginia Institute of Marine Science Tamia Rudnicky Virginia Institute of Marine Science Julie Bradshaw Virginia Institute of Marine Science FSeeollow next this page and for additional additional works authors at: https:/ /scholarworks.wm.edu/reports Part of the Environmental Monitoring Commons Recommended Citation Berman, M.R., Nunez, K., Killeen, S., Rudnicky, T., Bradshaw, J., Duhring, K., Brown, K.F., Hendricks, J., Weiss, D.,and Hershner, C.H. 2017. Chesterfield County and the Cities of Colonial Heights, etersburP g, and Richmond,Virginia-Shoreline Inventory Report: Methods and Guidelines, SRAMSOE no. 464.Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary,Gloucester Point, Virginia, 23062. This Report is brought to you for free and open access by W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Reports by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie Bradshaw, Karen Duhring, Kallie Brown, Jessica Hendricks, David Weiss, and Carl Hershner This report is available at W&M ScholarWorks: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/reports/840 Table 4. Chesterfield County and -
Brochure Design by Communication Design, Inc., Richmond, VA 877-584-8395 Cheatham Co
To Riggins Hill CLARKSVILLE MURFREESBORO and Fort Defiance Scroll flask and .36 caliber Navy Colt bullet mold N found at Camp Trousdale . S P R site in Sumner County. IN G Stones River S T Courtesy Pat Meguiar . 41 National Battlefield The Cannon Ball House 96 and Cemetery in Blountville still 41 Oaklands shows shell damage to Mansion KNOXVILLE ST. the exterior clapboard LEGE Recapture of 441 COL 231 Evergreen in the rear of the house. Clarksville Cemetery Clarksville 275 40 in the Civil War Rutherford To Ramsey Surrender of ST. County Knoxville National Cemetery House MMERCE Clarksville CO 41 96 Courthouse Old Gray Cemetery Plantation Customs House Whitfield, Museum Bradley & Co. Knoxville Mabry-Hazen Court House House 231 40 “Drawing Artillery Across the Mountains,” East Tennessee Saltville 24 Fort History Center Harper’s Weekly, Nov. 21, 1863 (Multiple Sites) Bleak House Sanders Museum 70 60 68 Crew repairing railroad Chilhowie Fort Dickerson 68 track near Murfreesboro 231 after Battle of Stones River, 1863 – Courtesy 421 81 Library of Congress 129 High Ground 441 Abingdon Park “Battle of Shiloh” – Courtesy Library of Congress 58 41 79 23 58 Gen. George H. Thomas Cumberland 421 Courtesy Library of Congress Gap NHP 58 Tennessee Capitol, Nashville, 1864 Cordell Hull Bristol Courtesy Library of Congress Adams Birthplace (East Hill Cemetery) 51 (Ft. Redmond) Cold Spring School Kingsport Riggins Port Royal Duval-Groves House State Park Mountain Hill State Park City 127 (Lincoln and the 33 Blountville 79 Red Boiling Springs Affair at Travisville 431 65 Portland Indian Mountain Cumberland Gap) 70 11W (See Inset) Clarksville 76 (Palace Park) Clay Co. -
Indicators of Success and Challenges in Northern Virginia Northern Virginia Is a Diverse, Growing Region with a Well-Educated Population and Strong Economy
Indicators of Success and Challenges in Northern Virginia Northern Virginia is a diverse, growing region with a well-educated population and strong economy. However, with this success comes challenges such as high CONTENTS housing costs and long commutes that hit low-income residents particularly hard. 1 about the opportunity index The region--Arlington County, Alexandria City, Falls Church City, Fairfax County, 2 general demographics Fairfax City, Loudoun County, Manassas City, Manassas Park City, and Prince William 11 economy County--also continues to be heavily dependent on federal employment, both 19 education directly and through federal contracts. And despite some success in narrowing 25 community health & civic life educational achievement gaps, Black and Hispanic/Latino residents of the region 36 moving forward continue to have higher unemployment and poverty rates, lower household incomes, and lower rates of health insurance access than their non-Hispanic White and Asian peers in the region. In conjunction with the Community ABOUT THE COMMUNITY FOUNDATION FOR Foundation’s 40th Anniversary, it NORTHERN VIRGINIA commissioned this report from The Commonwealth Institute to gain some The Community Foundation for Northern Virginia is a visionary perspective on changes and growth in funder that has directed millions of charitable dollars to our region over the past 40 years, and people in need since 1978. Its mission is to grow philanthropy to provide insight into current trends to respond to critical need and seed innovation in our region. that will help guide its future work to Serving all of Northern Virginia, including Arlington, Fairfax, make the greatest impact in responding Loudoun and Prince William Counties and the cities of to critical need and seeding innovation. -
Cold Harbor Syndrome: Balanced, Compelling Study' Examines Grant's Overland Miscalculations
Civil War Book Review Summer 2000 Article 8 Cold Harbor Syndrome: Balanced, Compelling Study' Examines Grant's Overland Miscalculations Gary W. Gallagher Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr Recommended Citation Gallagher, Gary W. (2000) "Cold Harbor Syndrome: Balanced, Compelling Study' Examines Grant's Overland Miscalculations," Civil War Book Review: Vol. 2 : Iss. 3 . Available at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr/vol2/iss3/8 Gallagher: Cold Harbor Syndrome: Balanced, Compelling Study' Examines Grant' Review COLD HARBOR SYNDROME 'Balanced, compelling study' examines Grant's Overland miscalculations Gallagher, Gary W. Summer 2000 Furgurson, Ernest B. Not War But Murder: Cold Harbor, 1864. Alfred A. Knopf, 2000-06-01. $27.50 ISBN 679455175 Ulysses S. Grant's offensive against Robert E. Lee's entrenched Army of Northern Virginia at Cold Harbor on June 3, 1864, summons powerful images. Northern assaults that day stand alongside Ambrose E. Burnside's attacks at Fredericksburg and John Bell Hood's at Franklin as examples of seemingly pointless slaughter of brave but doomed soldiers. Even casual students of the conflict know that Grant admitted as much in his memoirs when he confessed that he "always regretted that the last assault at Cold Harbor was ever made." Despite the well-known drama and gruesome butcher's bill on June 3, historians have devoted relatively little attention to Cold Harbor. It served as the last major battle of the Overland campaign, greatly influenced morale behind the lines in the North, and set the stage for Grant's brilliant crossing of the James River - all attributes that invite scrutiny. -
The Shadow of Napoleon Upon Lee at Gettysburg
Papers of the 2017 Gettysburg National Military Park Seminar The Shadow of Napoleon upon Lee at Gettysburg Charles Teague Every general commanding an army hopes to win the next battle. Some will dream that they might accomplish a decisive victory, and in this Robert E. Lee was no different. By the late spring of 1863 he already had notable successes in battlefield trials. But now, over two years into a devastating war, he was looking to destroy the military force that would again oppose him, thereby assuring an end to the war to the benefit of the Confederate States of America. In the late spring of 1863 he embarked upon an audacious plan that necessitated a huge vulnerability: uncovering the capital city of Richmond. His speculation, which proved prescient, was that the Union army that lay between the two capitals would be directed to pursue and block him as he advanced north Robert E. Lee, 1865 (LOC) of the Potomac River. He would thereby draw it out of entrenched defensive positions held along the Rappahannock River and into the open, stretched out by marching. He expected that force to risk a battle against his Army of Northern Virginia, one that could bring a Federal defeat such that the cities of Philadelphia, Baltimore, or Washington might succumb, morale in the North to continue the war would plummet, and the South could achieve its true independence. One of Lee’s major generals would later explain that Lee told him in the march to battle of his goal to destroy the Union army. -
1 Powell, William H. the Fifth Army Corps (Army of the Potomac): A
Powell, William H. The Fifth Army Corps (Army of the Potomac): A Record of Operations during the Civil War in the United States of America, 1861-1865. London: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1896. I. On the Banks of the Potomac— Organization— Movement to the Peninsula — Siege of Yorktown ... 1 Bull Run, Fitz John Porter, regiments, brigades, 1-19 Winter 1861-62, 22-23 Peninsula campaign, 24-27 Yorktown, corps organization, McClellan, Lincoln, officers, 27-58 II. Position on the Chickahominy — Battles of Hanover Court-House, Mechanicsville, and Gaines' Mill . 59 James River as a base, 59 Chickahominy, 59ff Hanover Courthouse, 63-74 Mechanicsville, 74-83 Gaines’s Mill, casualties, adjutants general, 83-123 III. The Change of Base— Glendale, or New Market Cross-Roads— Malvern Hill . 124 Change of Base, 124-30 White Oak Swamp, Savage Station, 130-37 Glendale, New Market, casualties, 137-50 Malvern Hill, casualties, 150-80 Corps organization, casualties, 183-87 IV. From the James to the Potomac — The Campaign in Northern Virginia — Second Battle of Bull Run . .188 Camp on James, McClellan order, reinforcements, Halleck, withdrawal order, 188-93 Second Bull Run campaign, 193-98 Second Bull Run, Pope, McDowell, McClellan, Porter, Fifth Corps casualties, 198-245 V. The Maryland Campaign— Battles of South Mountain — Antietam — Shepherdstown Ford 246 McClellan and Pope, Porter, 248-58 Maryland campaign, 258ff South Mountain, 266-68 Antietam, Hooker, 268-93 Shepherdstown, 293-303 Fifth Corps organization, casualties, 303-6 VI. The March from Antietam to Warrenton —General McClellan Relieved from Command — General Porter's Trial by Court-Martial 307 Army of the Potomac march to Warrenton, 307-13 Snicker’s Ferry, 313-16 Removal of McClellan, 316-22 Porter court martial, 322-51 1 VII. -
James Longstreet and the Retreat from Gettysburg
“Such a night is seldom experienced…” James Longstreet and the Retreat from Gettysburg Karlton Smith, Gettysburg NMP After the repulse of Lt. Gen. James Longstreet’s Assault on July 3, 1863, Gen. Robert E. Lee, commanding the Army of Northern Virginia, knew that the only option left for him at Gettysburg was to try to disengage from his lines and return with his army to Virginia. Longstreet, commander of the army’s First Corps and Lee’s chief lieutenant, would play a significant role in this retrograde movement. As a preliminary to the general withdrawal, Longstreet decided to pull his troops back from the forward positions gained during the fighting on July 2. Lt. Col. G. Moxley Sorrel, Longstreet’s adjutant general, delivered the necessary orders to Maj. Gen. Lafayette McLaws, commanding one of Longstreet’s divisions. Sorrel offered to carry the order to Brig. Gen. Evander M. Law, commanding John B. Hood’s division, on McLaws’s right. McLaws raised objections to this order. He felt that his advanced position was important and “had been won after a deadly struggle; that the order was given no doubt because of [George] Pickett’s repulse, but as there was no pursuit there was no necessity of it.” Sorrel interrupted saying: “General, there is no discretion allowed, the order is for you to retire at once.” Gen. James Longstreet, C.S.A. (LOC) As McLaws’s forward line was withdrawing to Warfield and Seminary ridges, the Federal batteries on Little Round Top opened fire, “but by quickening the pace the aim was so disturbed that no damage was done.” McLaws’s line was followed by “clouds of skirmishers” from the Federal Army of the Potomac; however, after reinforcing his own skirmish line they were driven back from the Peach Orchard area. -
“Never Was I So Depressed”
The Army of Northern Virginia in the Gettysburg Campaign “Never Was I So Depressed” James Longstreet and Pickett’s Charge Karlton D. Smith On July 24, 1863, Lt. Gen. James Longstreet wrote a private letter to his uncle, Augusts Baldwin Longstreet. In discussing his role in the Gettysburg Campaign, the general stated: General Lee chose the plan adopted, and he is the person appointed to chose and to order. I consider it a part of my duty to express my views to the commanding general. If he approves and adopts them it is well; if he does not, it is my duty to adopt his views, and to execute his orders as faithfully as if they were my own. While clearly not approving Lee’s plan of attack on July 3, Longstreet did everything he could, both before and during the attack, to ensure its success.1 Born in 1821, James Longstreet was an 1842 graduate of West Point. An “Old Army” regular, Longstreet saw extensive front line combat service in the Mexican War in both the northern and southern theaters of operations. Longstreet led detachments that helped to capture two of the Mexican forts guarding Monterey and was involved in the street fighting in the city. At Churubusco, Longstreet planted the regimental colors on the walls of the fort and saw action at Casa Marta, near Molino del Ray. On August 13, 1847, Longstreet was wounded during the assault on Chapaltepec while “in the act of discharging the piece of a wounded man." The same report noted that during the action, "He was always in front with the colors. -
Reviewing the Civil War and Reconstruction Center for Legislative Archives
Reviewing the Civil War and Reconstruction Center for Legislative Archives Address of the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society NAID 306639 From 1830 on, women organized politically to reform American society. The leading moral cause was abolishing slavery. “Sisters and Friends: As immortal souls, created by God to know and love him with all our hearts, and our neighbor as ourselves, we owe immediate obedience to his commands respecting the sinful system of Slavery, beneath which 2,500,000 of our Fellow-Immortals, children of the same country, are crushed, soul and body, in the extremity of degradation and agony.” July 13, 1836 The Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society was founded in 1832 as a female auxiliary to male abolition societies. The society created elaborate networks to print, distribute, and mail petitions against slavery. In conjunction with other female societies in major northern cities, they brought women to the forefront of politics. In 1836, an estimated 33,000 New England women signed petitions against the slave trade in the District of Columbia. The society declared this campaign an enormous success and vowed to leave, “no energy unemployed, no righteous means untried” in their ongoing fight to abolish slavery. www.archives.gov/legislative/resources Reviewing the Civil War and Reconstruction Center for Legislative Archives Judgment in the U.S. Supreme Court Case Dred Scott v. John F. A. Sanford NAID 301674 In 1857 the Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African ancestry had no constitutional rights. “The question is simply this: Can a Negro whose ancestors were imported into this country, and sold as slaves, become a member of the political community formed and brought into existence by the Constitution of the United States, and as such, become entitled to all the rights and privileges and immunities guaranteed to the citizen?.. -
Chapter One: the Campaign for Chattanooga, June to November 1863
CHAPTER ONE: THE CAMPAIGN FOR CHATTANOOGA, JUNE TO NOVEMBER 1863 Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park commemorates and preserves the sites of important and bloody contests fought in the fall of 1863. A key prize in the fighting was Chattanooga, Tennessee, an important transportation hub and the gateway to Georgia and Alabama. In the Battle of Chickamauga (September 18-20, 1863), the Confederate Army of Tennessee soundly beat the Federal Army of the Cumberland and sent it in full retreat back to Chattanooga. After a brief siege, the reinforced Federals broke the Confeder- ate grip on the city in a series of engagements, known collectively as the Battles for Chatta- nooga. In action at Brown’s Ferry, Wauhatchie, and Lookout Mountain, Union forces eased the pressure on the city. Then, on November 25, 1863, Federal troops achieved an unex- pected breakthrough at Missionary Ridge just southeast of Chattanooga, forcing the Con- federates to fall back on Dalton, Georgia, and paving the way for General William T. Sherman’s advance into Georgia in the spring of 1864. These battles having been the sub- ject of exhaustive study, this context contains only the information needed to evaluate sur- viving historic structures in the park. Following the Battle of Stones River (December 31, 1862-January 2, 1863), the Federal Army of the Cumberland, commanded by Major General William S. Rosecrans, spent five and one-half months at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, reorganizing and resupplying in preparation for a further advance into Tennessee (Figure 2). General Braxton Bragg’s Confederate Army of Tennessee was concentrated in the Tullahoma, Tennessee, area.