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Shetland Islands Wave and Tidal Resource (2011)

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Shetland Islands Wave and Tidal Resource (2011) Shetland Islands Wave and Tidal Resource Report: 805_NPC_SIC_004 Author: Ross Halliday Issued: 25/02/2011 Natural Power The Green House Forrest Estate Castle Douglas Kirkcudbrightshire Tel: +44 (0) 1644 430 008 Client: Shetland Islands Council Report 805_NPC_SIC_R_004 Shetland Islands - Wave and Tidal Resource Author Ross Halliday 21/02/2011 Checked Neil Douglas 23/02/2011 Approved Neil Douglas 25/02/2011 Classification COMMERCIAL IN CONFIDENCE Distribution David Priest, Maurice Henderson, Ann Black DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY This report is prepared by us The Natural Power Consultants Limited for you, Shetland Islands Council (the “Client”) to assist the Client in Identifying the resource potential of Shetland waters. It has been prepared to provide general information to assist the Client in its decision, and to outline some of the issues, which should be considered by the Client. It is not a substitute for the Client’s own investigation and analysis. No final decision should be taken based on the content of this report alone. This report should not to be copied, shown to or relied upon by any third parties without our express prior written consent. Nothing in this report is intended to or shall be deemed to create any right or benefit in favour of a third party. In compiling this report, we have relied on information supplied to us by the Client and by third parties. We accept no Liability for the completeness and/or veracity of the information supplied to us, nor for our conclusions or recommendations based on such information should it prove not to be complete or true. We have been asked to comment on the wave and tidal resource potential of the Shetland Islands, in accordance with the Client’s instructions as to the scope of this report. We have not commented on any other matter and exclude all Liability for any matters out with the said scope of this report. If you feel there are any matters on which you require additional or more detailed advice, we shall be glad to assist. We hereby disclaim any and all liability for any loss (including without limitation consequential or economic loss), injury, damage, costs and expenses whatsoever (“Liability”) incurred directly or indirectly by any person as a result of any person relying on this report except as expressly provided for above. In any case, our total aggregate Liability in connection with the provision of this report (whether by contract, under delict or tort, by statute or otherwise) shall be limited to the aggregate of fees (excluding any VAT) actually paid by the Client to us for provision of this report. Report | 805_NPC_SIC_R_004 ii Revision History Issue Date Changes A 25/02/2011 First issue Report | 805_NPC_SIC_R_004 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 7 1.1. CONTEXT .................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2. SCOPE ........................................................................................................................................ 7 1.3. STUDY AREA ............................................................................................................................... 8 1.3.1. General tidal climate ...................................................................................................... 8 1.3.2. General Wave Climate .................................................................................................... 9 1.4. REPORT STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................................... 9 2. BASELINE DATA ....................................................................................................................... 10 2.1. BATHYMETRY DATA .................................................................................................................... 10 2.2. WAVE DATA .............................................................................................................................. 11 2.3. TIDAL DATA .............................................................................................................................. 13 2.3.1. Boundary conditions ..................................................................................................... 13 2.3.2. Validation data ............................................................................................................. 13 2.4. MEAN SEA LEVEL DATA ............................................................................................................... 15 3. TIDAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT PROCESS ................................................................................. 16 3.1. DOMAIN AND COASTLINE CREATION .............................................................................................. 16 3.2. MODEL CALIBRATION ................................................................................................................. 19 3.2.1. Tidal Elevation - Calibration ......................................................................................... 19 3.2.2. Tidal Currents - Validation ............................................................................................ 21 3.3. OUTPUT PROCESSING ................................................................................................................. 22 3.3.1. Maximum Velocity ........................................................................................................ 22 3.3.2. Root Mean Cubed Velocity ........................................................................................... 22 3.3.3. Average Power Density ................................................................................................ 22 3.3.4. Percentage exceedance of 2.0 m/s ............................................................................... 22 3.3.5. Flow Type...................................................................................................................... 23 4. WAVE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................... 24 4.1. BASIC METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 24 4.2. INCLUDING WIND GENERATED WAVES........................................................................................... 26 4.2.1. Resultants, Wind and Swell .......................................................................................... 26 4.2.2. Modelling implications ................................................................................................. 27 4.2.3. Recombination process ................................................................................................ 29 4.3. APPLICATION TO THE SHETLAND ISLANDS ........................................................................................ 30 4.3.1. Modelling breakdown .................................................................................................. 31 4.3.2. Model Domain .............................................................................................................. 31 4.3.3. Modelling Process......................................................................................................... 33 4.4. POST PROCESSING ...................................................................................................................... 34 5. RESULTS PRESENTATION .......................................................................................................... 35 5.1. WAVE POINT EXTRACTS .............................................................................................................. 36 5.2. TIDAL RESULTS .......................................................................................................................... 37 5.2.1. Shetland – Maximum Velocities ................................................................................... 37 5.2.2. Shetland – Root Mean Cubed Velocity ......................................................................... 38 5.2.3. Shetland – Average Power Density ............................................................................... 39 5.2.4. Bluemull Sound – Maximum Velocities ........................................................................ 40 5.2.5. Bluemull Sound – Root Mean Cubed Velocity ............................................................... 41 5.2.6. Bluemull Sound – Average Power Density .................................................................... 42 5.2.7. Bluemull Sound – % Exceedance of 2 m/s (4 knots) ..................................................... 43 5.2.8. Bluemull Sound – Flow Type ......................................................................................... 44 5.3. WAVE RESULTS ......................................................................................................................... 45 5.3.1. Annual Wave Height ..................................................................................................... 45 Report | 805_NPC_SIC_R_004 iv 5.3.2. Annual Wave Period ..................................................................................................... 46 5.3.3. Annual Power ............................................................................................................... 47 5.3.4. Seasonal Wave Height .................................................................................................
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