Invent math DOI 10.1007/s00222-013-0469-9 Motives with exceptional Galois groups and the inverse Galois problem Zhiwei Yun Received: 14 December 2011 / Accepted: 10 January 2013 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract We construct motivic -adic representations of Gal(Q/Q) into ex- ceptional groups of type E7,E8 and G2 whose image is Zariski dense. This answers a question of Serre. The construction is uniform for these groups and is inspired by the Langlands correspondence for function fields. As an appli- cation, we solve new cases of the inverse Galois problem: the finite simple groups E8(F) are Galois groups over Q for large enough primes . Mathematics Subject Classification 14D24 · 12F12 · 20G41 Contents 1 Introduction . ................. 1.1Serre’squestion........................... 1.2Mainresults............................. 1.3 The case of type A1 ......................... 1.4Descriptionofthemotives..................... 1.5Thegeneralconstruction...................... 1.6Conjecturesandgeneralizations.................. 2 Group-theoretic preliminaries . ................. 2.1 The group G ............................ 2.2 Loop groups . ................. 2.3 A class of parahoric subgroups . ................. Z. Yun () Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Bldg 380, Stanford, CA 94305, USA e-mail:
[email protected] Z. Yun 2.4Resultsoninvolutions....................... 2.5 Minimal symmetric subgroups of G ................ 2.6Aremarkablefinite2-group.................... 3Theautomorphicsheaves.......................