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Geochemistry

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Editor

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Table of Contents

News from the Association

The past is the key to the future .,..,..,...,..,....,...... ,...... ,..., 1

Establishment of a permanent secretariat 2

Council Meeting in Davos, Switzerland 2

IAGC Secretary - A retrospective 3

New Editor for the Newsletter 5

Technical Session, GSA Meeting, Denver 5

Activities of the Working Groups

Working Group on Meteoritics 5

Working Group on the Geochemistry of the Earth’s Surface 5

Presentations at the Goldschmidt Conference, Davos 5

New Books in Print 7

Sixth International Symposium on Environmental Geochemistry 8

ComingEvents 8

Century-Old Diamond Hoax Part 2 by Henry Faul 10

And Now We Say Goodbye 12

Officers of the IAGC 12

Councillors 13

The Geochemist’s Workbench (Advertisement) 15

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Establishment of a Permanent Council Meeting in Davos, Secretariat of the IAGC in Pinawa, Switzerland, August 18, 2002 Manitoba. The Council Meeting was attended by E. After lengthydeliberationsby Councilextending Galimov (President), 3. Ludden (Vice President), A. over several years, the IAGC has now established a Demeny (Secretary), and by Hoefs and 3. Kramers permanent Secretariat under the supervision of Mel (Councillors). In addition, Mr. Friso Veenstra of Gascoyne. The address of our Secretariat is: Elsevier Science Ltd. attended as an observer.

Dr. Mel Gascoyne The Council nominated Attila Demeny to 6 Tupper Place, Box 141 succeed Mel Gascoyne as Secretary who asked to be Pinawa, Manitoba relieved of this responsibility. Canada, ROE ILO Council also approvedthe revised Statutes of the Tel.: 1-204-753-8879 Association which had previously been distributed to Fax: 1-204-753-2292 Council at its Meeting at Oxford University in 2000 and were also included in Newsletter #36 in The secretariat will collect Membership Dues December 2001 that was sent to all members of the for 2003 as well as Renewals of Subscriptions to IAGC. Consequently, these statutes are now in force APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY. The combined andarethe standard to which Council andthe Officers invoices have afready been mailed to members who of the Association must adhere. are urged to respond promptly. The next Council Meeting has been scheduled The Secretanat will also interact directly with for March 12, 2003, in Moscow at the time of the Elsevier Science to assure that all members receive annual V.1.Vernadsky session. issues of AG on a regular basis. Following the Council Meeting, Eric Galimov These two functions will solve the most was injured in an accident and required orthopedic common problems of our members. Therefore, the surgery. He is expected to make a full recovery. existence of a permanent Secretariat is a major step forward in the administration of the Association. Join the EAGC The Secretariat will receive financial support from the IAGC to cover the salary of a part-time person, as well as postage, office supplies, and other If you are not yet a Memberor if yourMembership expenses. These expenditures are justified by the has lapsed, contact our Secretary Mel Gascoyne at benefits our members will derive from this . Annual dues are only arrangement which has become possible because of $15.00 US. For that you get two Newsletters per year the improvement in the financial resources of the and a low-cost subscription to APPLIED GEO IAGC. CHEMISTRY; -

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Another important activity of the IAGC is to oversee the production of itsjournal Applied Geochemistry. The IAGC has little to manage here, largely because of the excellent work that is done by the Executive Editor, Ron Fuge. However, there is often a need to contact the publisher, Elsevier Science,to determinethe status of individual member’s subscriptionsand this is one area where I hope I have been able to contribute, to enhance the image of IAGC in our members’ eyes. It is important to realise that members can be quickly disillusioned when issues of Applied Geochemistrydo not arrive or they are invoiced two or even three times for a subscriptionthey paid at the time of the first invoice! Our membership has fluctuated between 300 and 700 over the last ten years, and the numbers are most readily iafiuenced by the ease and smoothness with which people canjoin the IAGC and renew their membership and subscription. I believe that the IAGC should establish a permanent business office that would stabilisethese procedures and act as a resource centre and help desk for our membership.

One aspect of running the JAGCwhich I have always felt to be important is to maintain our identity as an International organisationand notjust one whose policies and activities are dominated by the western nations. This sets us apart from similar but much larger organisations such as the Geochemical Societyand the European Association of Geochemistry,whose membership and meetingsare centred in the United States and Europe, respectively. To foster IAGC activities in other parts of the world we have been able to sponsor short courses, workshops and meetings in Africa, India and China. Under Gunter Faure’s guidance, we have recentlybeen able to offer free subscriptionsof Applied Geochemistryto scientific groups in countries such as Romama, Morocco and Vietnam.

I believe the IAGC will continue as a viable and growing organisation and I am proud to have had a part in its history.

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Presentations by Members of the IAGC at the th12 Annual Goldschmidt Conference, Davos, Switzerland

Several members of the IAGC participated in Kodina, L.A. and E.M. Galimov, 2002. Authigenic the most recent Goldschmidt Conference by carbonate mineral ikaite originated from presenting reports of their research. The list of biogenic methane in the Kara Sea sediments. participants includes, but is not limited to, the GCA, 66(1SA):A408. following individuals in aiphabtical order. The names of IAGC members are in bold-face type. Lerman,A., L.M.B. Ver, andF.T. MacKenzie, 2002. Biogeochemical limits on greening of the Earth. Demeny, A..,T.W. Venneman, E. Hegner, A. Embey GCA, 66(15A):A449. Isztin, Z. Homonnay, and J.A. Milton, 2002. Trace element and isotopic evidence for Palme, H. and H. St. C. O’Neill, 2002. Meteorites subduction-related carbonate-silicate melts in and the composition of the Earth. GCA, mantle xenoliths from the Pannonian Basin, 66(15A):A578. Hungary. GCA, 66 (15A): A176. Preslier, A.H., A.D. Brandon, D. Francis, and Frisia, S., A. Borsato, F.T. Mackenzie, and R. 3. Ludden, 2002. Melt-rock reaction in Tomasoni, 2002. Dissolution experiments and Canadian Cordillera mantle xenoliths. GCA, natural weathering of carbonates. GCA, 66 66(15A):A594. (15A):A247. Rouxel, 0. and 3. Ludden, 2002. Abiotic or biotic Galimov, E.M., 2002. ATP is a key molecule of iron isotope fractionation during oceanic crust prebiotic evolution. GCA, 66 (15A):A258. alteration. GCA, 66(15A):A652.

Gao, Y., J. Hoefs, and J.E. Snow, 2002. Oxygen Wiechert, U., A.N. Halliday, H. Palme, and isotope profile of the lower ocean crust: an in- D. Rumble ifi, 2002. Oxygen isotopic situ study by UV-laser-ablation oxygen isotope heterogeneity among eucrites. GCA, microprobe. GCA, 66 (15A):A262. 66(15A):A834.

Hoefs, J., 2002. Isotope variations of heavy Xiao, Y., 3. Hoefs, Z. Zhang, and van den Kerkhof, elements: a perspective from light isotopes. 2002. Fluid/rock interactions in U}IP GCA, 66 (15A):A334. metamorphic rocks from drill holes in Donghai, Sulu, China: Preliminary results. GCA, Holzheid, A. and H. Palme, 2002. The formation of 66(15A):A849. meteoritic basalts: constraints from metal- silicate partition coefficients. GCA, 66 (15a): Zaitsev, A.N., A. Demeny, F. Wall, S. Snidem, MA. A339. Sitnikova, and P.1.Karchevsky, 2002. Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of carbonatite Kieine, T., C. Mthiker, K. Mezger, H. Palme, and complexes from the Kola Peninsula, Russia. A. Bisehoff, 2002. Revised Hf-W ages for core GCA, 66(15A):A868. formation in planetary bodies. GCA, 66 (1Sa):A404.

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6th International Symposium on Environmental Geochemistry (ISEG), Edinburgh, Scotland, 741 September, 2003

The 6th International Symposium on Environmental Geochemistry will follow on from previous symposia held every three years, the most recent being at Krakow, Poland (1994), Vail, Colorado, USA (1997) and Cape Town, South Africa (2000).

The Edinburgh Symposium will bnng together geochemists, environmental chemists, biologists, soil scientists, aquatic scientists and medical specialists The main themes for the scientific programme will be: G 20o . Archives of Environmental Contamination . Geochemical Surveys • Mining • Contamination and Cleanup • Geochemistry and Health • Analytical Geochemistry

Emerging details of the scientific programme structure, pre- and post-symposium field trips, workshops, social programme, registration procedures etc. will be posted on the Symposium website, www.iseg2003.com, during the first half of 2002 and the Call for Papers will be distributed in the early summer of 2002. To register your interest in receiving further information about the conference, please use the online form on our website.

We look forward to welcoming you to Edinburgh in 2003.

SymposiumChairman: Dr.John G. Farmer (J.G.Farmer(2i)ed.ac.uk),Departmentof Chemistry, Universityof Edinburgh,WestMainsRoad,Edinburgh,EH93J3,UK.

For furtherdetailscontact: JanetBeard([email protected]), In ConferenceLtd. lObBroughtonStreetLane,Edinburgh EH1 3LY, Scotland,UK Tel +44 (0)1315569245,Fax +44(0)1315569638

May 20-23, 2003. GERM 4, Lyon France. Contact: Coming Events Janne Blichert-Toft, Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre (CNR.S UMR 5570), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46, Allée d’Italie, 69364 Dec. 18-20, 2002. Hydrology and Watershed Lyon Cedex 7, France; Phone: +33-(0)472-72- Management. Centre for Water Resources, 84-88, Fax +33-(0)472-72-86-77, . Hyderabad 28, India. Contact: Dr. U. Aswathanarayana, e-mail: , website: . of Applied Isotope Geochemistry (AIG-5), Working Group of the L4GC, Heron Island, Australia. Contact: Dr. Barry Batts, e-mail: .

March

March

April

April

May April

May

.arjzona.edu

Division

USA. new

Nice, Phone: upcoming.html

Web:

and contemporary

Deposits Congress. Soc.,

Nancy, egsagueUg sciences,

(EUG

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eost.u-strasbg.fr.

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Washington,

Bergen,

http://www.nitg.tno.nlleflg!geOfluid 2 .Pdf

of sedimentary evolution,

J.M. 555-89687.

5-8,

14-17,

6-11,

13-17,

12-17,

Utrecht,

29

23-27,

laboratory

perspectives

Verweij,

France.

2003. New

- XII),

France.

2003:

Norway. April

Contact:

http://membership.acs.org/g/geoc

2003:

520-621-469

U

2003: International

-

2003.

Sessions:

2003.

Natural of

of

Utrecht, Presidio

Strasbourg,

basins

Orleans,

migration

JGOFS

e-mail: Arizona,

simulations;

2,

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environments;

EGS-AGU-EUG

Web:

Uranium

Bergen,

European

2003.

in

Contact

Phone:

Andrew

Web:

GEOFLUIDS

Nat.

and

archeology

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http://www.coperflicus.org/

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Organic

Web:

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LA,

orogenic

International

Meeting,

Project

Geochemistry-2003-Ore

France.

P.O.

47-555-84244;

e-mail:

Netherlands.

http://eost.u-strasbg.fr/

Union

e-mail:

and

Ancient

http://www.gl.rhbnc.

Cohen,

Hotel,

Science USA.

-

Ancient

Box

and

Rehabilitation,

geochemistry

AZ,

Joint

belts.

Roger

interaction

of

Contact:

Office,

IV

Amer.

MicheLCuney

biomolecules:

paleobiology.

acohengeo.

Tucson,

85721,

Geosciences

Dept.

7800,

Conference. Limnology

-

Assembly,

Geochem.

University

sediments

on

Hanson,

Contact:

Fax:

Chem.

eug@

USA.

SMR,

Web:

Geo

5020

fluid

AZ,

47-

of

in

in

9

Working

Interactions

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2003,

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Australia. Chemistry,

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Web:

fax: Tern

Hotel

Industrial

YousifKharaka,

The

Denise

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Assistant

The

The

235

State

e-mail:

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18-24,

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on

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Geochemistry

775-784-1709,

2004.

http://www.nbmg.unr.edu!

Garside,

&

Deike

Pennsylvania

fifth

Heron

Symposium

61-2-9850-8313

College,

will

Isotope

Casino,

Eleventh Group

Kowaiski

is

Australia.

dqk8psu.edu

61-2-9850-6375

Barry.Battsmq.edu.aU

2003.

Macquarie

Minerals.

Director,

International

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Chair

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Building

Dr.

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John

in 775-784-6691,

University,

Nevada,

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symposium

chair

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organized

Saratoga

University

on

on

&

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[email protected];

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Century-Old Diamond Hoax expert topographer, did his best to fmd what Gardner knew about the exact location of the point where the Re-examined borders of Colorado, Wyoming and Utah come together. Gardner noted King’s interest in that detail by Henry Faul (Part 2) and filed it away in his mind. 40 Only a few days later another topographer of the Part 1of this tale from the Wild Vvest appeared in NL th Parallel survey,Ada D. Wilson, returned fromthe #37. field with the information that the diamond fieldcould hardly be in Arizona because the diamond-company (Reprint Permission Courtesy of the American crews had been seen only on the Union Pacific Geological Institute) Railroad between GreenRiver and Rawlins. That was definitely not the way to go to Arizona. The undoing came from a totally unexpected Also, Janin had been gone only 3 weeks on his source: the young40 government geologists engaged in first trip. That meant that he could have covered 500 a survey of the th Parallel. Tn1872 the survey, led miles at most, not enough to take him to Arizona. by Clarence King, was in its sixth and last field season Then Janin told Emmons that they had camped at the exploring a strip of land about 100miles wide roughly foot of a mountain with snow still on it in June, and from Denver and Cheyenne to the California border. Malcolm King told Gardner that the diamond camp Scattered out along the vast region, King’s was on a mesa on the northeast slope of a mountain observant men began hearing about the diamonds. and that from the camp no other mountains could be They had been thoroughly trained in mineralogy at seen to the north and east. Yale and Harvard and they knew that diamonds and That was enough for these boy wonders rubies are not usually found together in nature. If the acquainted with the land and driven by curiosity: they diamond field reallywas in their area, bow could they marked an x on the map in the northwest corner of have missed it? Colorado, only about 15 miles southeast of the point By the end of September, Samuel Franklin where the 3 states come together. That was the reason Emmons, from Quincy, Mass., and James T. Gardner, for the surveyor’s great interest in the borders—he from Newport, R.I., had finished their fieldwork. On wasn’t quite sure what Territory he had been in. Oct. 5 they took the train from Battle Mountain, Nev., Finally, on Oct. 19, Clarence King returned to for San Francisco. Among their fellow passengers San Francisco and amazed his colleagues by they noticed ‘a rather suspicious-looking set of men presenting his suspicion that the diamond discovery whose rough clothes, top boots, and bronzed faces must be in the northwestern corner of Colorado. That seemed somewhat at variance with a certain citified was all they needed, The next day Emmons, Gardner, air, and decided that they must be returning diamond and Wilson caught the eastbound train and King hunters.’ When Henry Janin appeared at Alta Station, followed the day after. They picked up horses at Ft. that clinched the matter: it was the diamond Bridger, Wyo., where Wilson had left them only 2 company’s second exploring expedition returning to weeks before, and on Oct. 29 they headed for the San Francisco. mountain they were later to name Diamond Peak. Emmons was dying to talk to Janin, but when he On the fifth day they reached the spot where got a chance Janin only complained that he couldn’t they thought the diamond field might be. Before long go anywhere without being dogged every step of the they found a water-claim notice signed by Henry way. Luckily, Janin said, he had been able to get a Janin, climbed a wooded gulch to the top of the ‘mesa good surveyor, Malcolm G. King of Sacramento (not to which all the various tracks converged’, got down related to Clarence King) to do the job. on their hands and knees, ‘and while daylight lasted Meantime Gardner was making friends with we continued in this position picking up precious Malcolm King. King, recognizing Gardner as an

reason

editor.

important

back

San

liquidated and

Lent

encountered

fortnight, on

expeditions went,

who T

alumni Buttes.

expedition news.

particular

another end Nobody

directors that

occurrence

amethysts—an rubies,

10.

found

dropped had produced

diamonds none.

their

Anthills

related

observation:

inexperience.

finding

stones.

Nov.

Bost,

Francisco

He

it

to

night,

sued

finally

was

The

poked

The

they

King

surfaces,

obvious

The

was

Why

‘four

Kentucky.

of

Then

went

expedition

There

but

25 garnets,

former

people

small

to

wanted

his

fraud

Rubery

with

the

then

Arnold of

We

no

was

saw,

and

arrived

decided

was

at

diamond

this

in

tough and

was distinct

on

holes

holdings

they

next

the

settled

straight

more.

second

the

the

the

nature.’

was

association

were

but

at

most

was

the diamond

presented footprints

garnets

anthills

and

surveyor-general

was

preferred

things

led

Harpending

the

found

spinels,

sailed occurrence occurrence

diamond

to

for

going surface,

There

back

Henry

could

into

manager

nothing

announced

they

morning

to

types

At

the

by

difficult perhaps

expedition.

time,

to

believe

for

posthaste

$350,000

syndicate’s

make

into

places

began

away

Janin,

in

shortest.

that

an

Clarence

came each’,

for

in

be

was

his

Janin,

of

silence.

around

$150,000.

San

of

sapphires,

sieving

Arnold’s

The

them.

anthill

company

sent

England.

came diamonds,

even

of

no

so

findings

from

minerals

of

to

talk

a

him.

back

it

to

talked

of

Francisco

but

brought

from

and

the

Times

little

insistent?

looked

in

convince

announcement

Gen.

gems

out

of

happen.

E.M.

when

them

of

King

human

they

In

What’s

any

of

Louisville,

with

followed

California. the

sober.

company,

third

Ralston’s

to

home

London,

to

a

Harpending

disappointed

David

to

it;

emeralds,

the

fired appeared

grand

verify

blamed

Fry

of

2

footprints

a

him

as

deeper

an

Harpending had

from

late

some

few

a

a

days

too

impossible

if

and

more,

anthill

exploring

Of next

Within

territory,

footprints.

and

stick

until

the

someone

Arnold

gems

Colton,

jury

on

sobering

oriental

the

for

all

office

many

Black

and

in

of

later,

that

KY.,

They

layers

John

Nov.

city until

to

day.

they

the

no

sad

late

and

the

and

the

had

had

in

in

a on

2

be

on

at

11

claim

would

and the

Janin party,

edgy.

a Arnold

bad party

lot

back

and

$30,000 collected

them

and Alfred was

and

their

like just

his

in

several

from?

skillful was

produced

monkeys

surprise,

Back

papers

for years

Rubery’s phrase

week

that

harder

performance.

to

Harpending.

Slack

libel.

identified

that.

gentlemen’s

firm

a

Burchem.

to

And

just

Why

an

Why

Where

names

notices,

all

needed decide

Where

Thinking

The

have simple

home

prepare later,

It

letter

must

Rubery

Leopold

sprinkle

London

freely

large

director

all

worth,

together.

organized

‘charged

the

before

what

that

to

and

He

not

old

to

trial

did evidence

did

began

been

The

have

from

and

fool

to

as

plaintiff

fraud

lots

did

‘guard’ was

more

did

it

trial

used

only

Arnold

them

the

$100,000

was

and

its

Harpending,

leave finally

to

and

the

Keller,

Aundle

about

would

Times

Who

who

having

they

reason

than

made

gentlemen

Pittar,

of

buy

when

ground.

Slack

shown

that

correspondent

for

Asbury

by

of

the

salt

the

performance

there

with

time

as

that

stones

the

was

‘found’

the as

ride

the

more

the

treason,

he

else 2

opened

the

should

real

have

word

just

the

first

Harpending

enough

brazen

Sampson

caught

Leverson well.

and

ground

in

and

was.

the

again

for

photos

prospect?

consequences

defendants

never

piracy’

ahead pair.

diamond

reason was

He

Harpending.

to

ajump

salt,

New

been

bag

Durcham,

commanding

‘piracy’

testified

his

diamond

the

have

2

More

Arnold

Dec.

expected

prospectors, In

they

his

to

in

Americans

Slack’s

far

so

altogether

of

of

survey?

masterminded

diamond

of

York?

unwise

slipped

&

1863,

for

put

in

town

wind,

ahead

the

been

soon

in

Arnold

from

more 17,

met

dealer

than

Co.,

diamonds

but

leaving

With

Paris but,

to

an

first

go

affair writing

1874.

or

middle

the

Janin

of

more

with

even

at

Hotel

having

testified

that,

early in

Rubery

the

of

than

to

and

Why,

to

mentioned

something

after

that

more

Watching

field?

a

exploring

and

the

who

London,

California

all

Janin

but

had

leave

mistake

his

scene.

Rubery

was

Rubery

though

used

the

precise.

It

to

a

end

clerks

those

time?

same

name Slack

that

come

little

right

made

about

gave

than seen

be

great

they

by

sold

sued

that trial

for

He

not

so

to

the

a

it

a 9

wind presented

week had Under picking

before have

Mammoth was Rubery

week. dragged

was the Louisville

made that Harpending? know did handed field. much

Rubery. via Alfred stop sent

was concocted so

said.

Rubery’s

time) occasions,

Times

Sampson

any

13

plus

anxious

Chicago

been

sole

he

Arnold

of

libelous

him

implied.

announced

payment.

that

Finally,

Then

It

As

Now

before

clear

in the

about

salt

had

It

How

word

them

Rubery

stay?

2

returned

up

it

cross-examination,

purpose out

was

damages.

to

seems

in

for

weeks

and

lawyer Clarence

the

over

printed

So

on

lying

fraud

Cave.

several at

that

he The

drafts

but

Kentucky

to

was

long

the

to

of

made

of

the

Sampson’s

and

why

Nov.

least

evidence

supplied

He

delay

the contradicted

also

It

One

San

the

Rübery

Times

Grant

to

that

from

not

comes

With

right

fraud

around

fraud

Nov.

to

made

awarded

had

does

of

that

announced

did

some

finally

jury

Harpending,

on

the

fraud

13?

previous

King

San

Francisco?

That

revealed

of

much

his

necessarily until

ruined

a

Harpending

there

had

‘attorney

now

the to

everything

when

was

it

bigger

25.

by

out

the

to

little

Louisville the

Francisco

He

let

adverse

trip

take and

see

article

was

was got

Great

the

agreed

Rubery bribed

Grant. after

about

had

of

deals

announced.

had

with his

fact

Grant

So

Arnold

he

to

his

so

difference

out

by

mining-stock

directors?

looking

the The stones.

the

when

that

to

earlier

produced

Kentucky to

the the

did

handed

theirs

Another

Diamond

that

comments he

train

stockmarket

him,

No.28

and

in

Sampson

collapsed

that be

Furthermore,

payment

only

admit

£500

converted

with

absolutely

go

hotel.

jury

third

testified,

he

Times

Harpending

as

cashed

connection

Harpending

the

Clarence

from

and

at

testimony,

it

was

but

soon

honest

or

$200,000

($2,500

the

what

agreed

and

it.

the

was

Why

week.

banks

expedition?

a

Hoax. that

was

did

Was

receipt

Louisville

on

only

written the

to

How

money

swindles, in

after

attorneys

the

diamond as

refuse

to

career.

about

about

Rubery

Arnold

several

was

a

money

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he

job

he

to

that it

could

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King

after with

long

was

that

had

had

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